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Matus V, Castro-Guarda M, Cárcamo-Fierro J, Morera FJ, Zambrano A. Interleukin 3 Inhibits Glutamate-Cytotoxicity in Neuroblastoma Cell Line. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:1373-1386. [PMID: 38512424 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04123-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Interleukin 3 (IL-3) is a well-known pleiotropic cytokine that regulates the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic progenitor cells, triggering classical signaling pathways such as JAK/STAT, Ras/MAPK, and PI3K/Akt to carry out its functions. Interestingly, the IL-3 receptor is also expressed in non-hematopoietic cells, playing a crucial role in cell survival. Our previous research demonstrated the expression of the IL-3 receptor in neuron cells and its protective role in neurodegeneration. Glutamate, a principal neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, can induce cellular stress and lead to neurotoxicity when its extracellular concentrations surpass normal levels. This excessive glutamate presence is frequently observed in various neurological diseases. In this study, we uncover the protective role of IL-3 as an inhibitor of glutamate-induced cell death, analyzing the cytokine's signaling pathways during its protective effect. Specifically, we examined the relevance of JAK/STAT, Ras/MAPK, and PI3 K signaling pathways in the molecular mechanism triggered by IL-3. Our results show that the inhibition of JAK, ERK, and PI3 K signaling pathways, using pharmacological inhibitors, effectively blocked IL-3's protective role against glutamate-induced cell death. Additionally, our findings suggest that Bcl-2 and Bax proteins may be involved in the molecular mechanism triggered by IL-3. Our investigation into IL-3's ability to protect neuronal cells from glutamate-induced damage offers a promising therapeutic avenue with potential clinical implications for several neurological diseases characterized by glutamate neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Matus
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, (P. O. Box) 567, 5090000, Casilla, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Marcos Castro-Guarda
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, (P. O. Box) 567, 5090000, Casilla, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Joaquín Cárcamo-Fierro
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, (P. O. Box) 567, 5090000, Casilla, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Francisco J Morera
- Applied Biochemistry Laboratory, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Agronomía y Sistemas Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 7820436, Santiago, Chile
| | - Angara Zambrano
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, (P. O. Box) 567, 5090000, Casilla, Valdivia, Chile.
- Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
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Hou S, Gu T, Shi Y, Huang Y, Yao J, Luo P, Cao M, Zhang J, Lin A, Zhu W. Correlation between IL3 signaling pathway-related genes and immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy in patients with renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Biomark 2023; 38:489-504. [PMID: 38043008 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-230226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a lack of effective biomarkers that predict immunotherapy efficacy in clear cell renal cell carcinoma(KIRC). OBJECTIVE We aimed to identify biomarkers that would predict the efficacy of KIRC treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). METHODS Cohort data of KIRC patients with somatic mutations, mRNA expression and survival data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and immunotherapy cohort and Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) database were analyzed and divided into interleukin 3 (IL3) pathway-related genes high expression (IL3-High) and IL3 pathway-related genes low expression (IL3-Low) groups according to pathway expression status to assess the relationship between the IL3 pathway-related genes activation status and the prognosis of KIRC patients treated with ICIs. The data were validated by immunohistochemistry experiments, and possible mechanisms of action were explored at the level of gene mutation landscape, immune microenvironment characteristics, transcriptome and copy number variation(CNV) characteristicsRESULTS: The IL3 pathway-related genes was an independent predictor of the efficacy of ICIs in KIRC patients, and the IL3-High group had a longer overall survival (OS); KIRC patients in the IL3-High group had increased levels of chemokines, cytolysis, immune checkpoint gene expression and abundant immunity. The IL3-Low group had poor immune cell infiltration and significant downregulation of complement activation, cytophagy, B-cell activation, and humoral immune response pathways. The high group was more sensitive to targeted drugs of some signaling pathways, and its efficacy in combining these drugs with immunity has been predicted in the published literature. CONCLUSION The IL3 pathway-related genes can be used as a predictor of the efficacy of ICIs in KIRC. The IL3 pathway-related genes may affect the therapeutic efficacy of ICIs by affecting the expression of immune-related molecules, immune cell infiltration, and the level of immune response pathways.
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Zhang Y, Liu R, Fan D, Shi R, Yang M, Miao Q, Deng ZQ, Qian J, Zhen Y, Xiong D, Wang J. The novel structure make LDM effectively remove CD123+ AML stem cells in combination with interleukin 3. Cancer Biol Ther 2015; 16:1514-25. [PMID: 26186454 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2015.1071733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
CD123 became a therapeutic target for acute myelocytic leukemia(AML) because of its overexpression only on AML stem cells. It is α subunit of interleukin-3 (multi-CSF, IL3) receptor. Lidamycin(LDM) is a novel antibiotic composed of an apoprotein (LDP) and a chromophore (AE). We cloned, expressed and isolated IL3LDP fusion protein first then assembled with AE in vitro. We found that131/132 amino acids of IL3 were the key factors for IL3 fusion protein stability and I131L/F132L mutation effectively improved the IL3 fusion protein stability. The toxicity of IL3LDM to CD123+ tumor cells was 2-10 times compared to LDM alone and 10000 times compared to ADR. Meanwhile, IL3LDM impaired the colony-forming ability of CD123+ stem-like cells but not to CD123 negative normal cord blood cells. Three drug delivery methods in vivo were adopted: prophylactic treatment and single/multiple-dosing administration. The tumor-free survival extended to 120 d and cancer cell invasion significantly decreased after IL3LDM continuous multiple treated. Moreover, IL3LDM had been shown to modulate apoptosis by arrested cell cycle in G2/M phase. Therefore, IL3LDM is expected to be a new drug for leukemia target therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Zhang
- a State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology ; Institute of Hematology & Hospital of Blood Diseases ; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College ; Tianjin , China
| | - Rong Liu
- b Department of biochemistry ; Microbiology and Immunology ; Faculty of Medicine ; University of Ottawa ; Ottawa , ON Canada
| | - Dongmei Fan
- a State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology ; Institute of Hematology & Hospital of Blood Diseases ; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College ; Tianjin , China
| | - Rizan Shi
- c Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College ; Beijing , China
| | - Ming Yang
- a State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology ; Institute of Hematology & Hospital of Blood Diseases ; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College ; Tianjin , China
| | - Qingfang Miao
- d Department of Pharmacology ; Shanxi Medical University ; Taiyuan, Shanxi , PR China
| | - Zhao-Qun Deng
- e Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University ; Zhenjiang, Jiangsu , PR China
| | - Jun Qian
- e Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University ; Zhenjiang, Jiangsu , PR China
| | - Yongsu Zhen
- d Department of Pharmacology ; Shanxi Medical University ; Taiyuan, Shanxi , PR China
| | - Dongsheng Xiong
- a State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology ; Institute of Hematology & Hospital of Blood Diseases ; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College ; Tianjin , China
| | - Jianxiang Wang
- a State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology ; Institute of Hematology & Hospital of Blood Diseases ; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College ; Tianjin , China
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Park J, Li H, Zhang M, Lu Y, Hong B, Zheng Y, He J, Yang J, Qian J, Yi Q. Murine Th9 cells promote the survival of myeloid dendritic cells in cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2014; 63:835-45. [PMID: 24841535 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-014-1557-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells to initiate immune responses, and DC survival time is important for affecting the strength of T-cell responses. Interleukin (IL)-9-producing T-helper (Th)-9 cells play an important role in anti-tumor immunity. However, it is unclear how Th9 cells communicate with DCs. In this study, we investigated whether murine Th9 cells affected the survival of myeloid DCs. DCs derived from bone marrow of C57BL/6 mice were cocultured with Th9 cells from OT-II mice using transwell, and the survival of DCs was examined. DCs cocultured with Th9 cells had longer survival and fewer apoptotic cells than DCs cultured alone in vitro. In melanoma B16-OVA tumor-bearing mice, DCs conditioned by Th9 cells lived longer and induced stronger anti-tumor response than control DCs did in vivo. Mechanistic studies revealed that IL-3 but not IL-9 secreted by Th9 cells was responsible for the prolonged survival of DCs. IL-3 upregulated the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-xL and activated p38, ERK and STAT5 signaling pathways in DCs. Taken together, our data provide the first evidence that Th9 cells can promote the survival of DCs through IL-3, and will be helpful for designing Th9 cell immunotherapy and more effective DC vaccine for human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungsun Park
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, and Center for Cancer Immunology Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Sadras T, Perugini M, Kok CH, Iarossi DG, Heatley SL, Brumatti G, Samuel MS, To LB, Lewis ID, Lopez AF, Ekert PG, Ramshaw HS, D'Andrea RJ. Interleukin-3-mediated regulation of β-catenin in myeloid transformation and acute myeloid leukemia. J Leukoc Biol 2014; 96:83-91. [PMID: 24598054 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.2ab1013-559r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activation of β-catenin is a common event in AML and is an independent predictor of poor prognosis. Although increased β-catenin signaling in AML has been associated with oncogenic translocation products and activating mutations in the FLT3R, the mechanisms that activate β-catenin in AML more broadly are still unclear. Here, we describe a novel link between IL-3 signaling and the regulation of β-catenin in myeloid transformation and AML. In a murine model of HoxB8 and IL-3 cooperation, we show that β-catenin protein levels are modulated by IL-3 and that Cre-induced deletion of β-catenin abolishes IL-3-dependent growth and colony formation. In IL-3-dependent leukemic TF-1.8 cells, we observed increased β-catenin protein levels and nuclear localization in response to IL-3, and this correlated with transcriptional induction of β-catenin target genes. Furthermore, IL-3 promoted β-catenin accumulation in a subset of AML patient samples, and gene-expression profiling of these cells revealed induction of WNT/β-catenin and TCF4 gene signatures in an IL-3-dependent manner. This study is the first to link β-catenin activation to IL-3 and suggests that targeting IL-3 signaling may be an effective approach for the inhibition of β-catenin activity in some patients with AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Sadras
- Centre for Cancer Biology and School of Molecular and Biomedical Science and Centre for Stem Cell Research and Departments of Haematology and Department of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, The University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Michelle Perugini
- Centre for Cancer Biology and Departments of Haematology and School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Chung H Kok
- Centre for Cancer Biology and Departments of Haematology and School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Diana G Iarossi
- Centre for Cancer Biology and Departments of Haematology and Department of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, The University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Susan L Heatley
- Centre for Cancer Biology and Immunology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Gabriela Brumatti
- Division of Cell Signalling and Cell Death, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; and
| | - Michael S Samuel
- Centre for Cancer Biology and School of Molecular and Biomedical Science and Centre for Stem Cell Research and Immunology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Luen B To
- Departments of Haematology and School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ian D Lewis
- Centre for Cancer Biology and Departments of Haematology and School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Angel F Lopez
- Centre for Cancer Biology and School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Immunology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Paul G Ekert
- Division of Cell Signalling and Cell Death, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; and
| | - Hayley S Ramshaw
- Centre for Cancer Biology and Immunology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Richard J D'Andrea
- Centre for Cancer Biology and School of Molecular and Biomedical Science and Centre for Stem Cell Research and Departments of Haematology and Department of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, The University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia;
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Kuo SR, Wong L, Liu JS. Engineering a CD123xCD3 bispecific scFv immunofusion for the treatment of leukemia and elimination of leukemia stem cells. Protein Eng Des Sel 2012; 25:561-9. [PMID: 22740616 DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzs040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Engineered bispecific antibodies that recruit cytotoxic lymphocytes to kill specific tumor cells have been showing promising clinical results. Here, we describe a bispecific single-chain Fv (scFv) immunofusion or BIf to target CD123(+) leukemia, that contains an anti-CD123 scFv fused at the N-terminus of human IgG1 hinge-C(H)2-C(H)3, and an anti-CD3 scFv fused at C-terminus. When expressed from transfected CHO-S cells, CD123xCD3 BIf forms a homodimer that provides a structure of N-terminal tumor-targeting domain that closely resembles natural antibody. The CD123xCD3 dimeric structure also provides binding affinity to CD123(+) tumor cells with a Kd of 10(-10) M, one to two orders of magnitude stronger than traditional bispecific antibody constructs. The location of the anti-CD3 scFv at C-terminus of BIf reduces the binding affinity to CD3(+) T cells by two orders, which could help to prevent non-specific T-cell activation. CD123xCD3 BIf is able to achieve T-cell-mediated target cell killing activities at low pM levels with E/T ratios as low as 2. Overall, the inclusion of human IgG1 constant region in BIf construct increases target cell-binding affinity; potentially increases serum half-life by its larger size and FcRn-mediated salvage system; and includes the abilities to activate the additional antibody-mediated cellular cytotoxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ru Kuo
- Cancer Research Institute, Scott & White Healthcare, Temple, TX 76502, USA
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Ernst J, Ghanem L, Bar-Joseph Z, McNamara M, Brown J, Steinman RA. IL-3 and oncogenic Abl regulate the myeloblast transcriptome by altering mRNA stability. PLoS One 2009; 4:e7469. [PMID: 19829692 PMCID: PMC2758590 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0007469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2009] [Accepted: 05/07/2009] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The growth factor interleukin-3 (IL-3) promotes the survival and growth of multipotent hematopoietic progenitors and stimulates myelopoiesis. It has also been reported to oppose terminal granulopoiesis and to support leukemic cell growth through autocrine or paracrine mechanisms. The degree to which IL-3 acts at the posttranscriptional level is largely unknown. We have conducted global mRNA decay profiling and bioinformatic analyses in 32Dcl3 myeloblasts indicating that IL-3 caused immediate early stabilization of hundreds of transcripts in pathways relevant to myeloblast function. Stabilized transcripts were enriched for AU-Response elements (AREs), and an ARE-containing domain from the interleukin-6 (IL-6) 3′-UTR rendered a heterologous gene responsive to IL-3-mediated transcript stabilization. Many IL-3-stabilized transcripts had been associated with leukemic transformation. Deregulated Abl kinase shared with IL-3 the ability to delay turnover of transcripts involved in proliferation or differentiation blockade, relying, in part, on signaling through the Mek/Erk pathway. These findings support a model of IL-3 action through mRNA stability control and suggest that aberrant stabilization of an mRNA network linked to IL-3 contributes to leukemic cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Ernst
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Louis Ghanem
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Ziv Bar-Joseph
- Department of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Michael McNamara
- Regional Oncology Department, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jason Brown
- Oncology staff, Meadeville Medical Center, Meadevill, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Richard A. Steinman
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Maraldi T, Prata C, Fiorentini D, Zambonin L, Landi L, Hakim G. Induction of apoptosis in a human leukemic cell line via reactive oxygen species modulation by antioxidants. Free Radic Biol Med 2009; 46:244-52. [PMID: 19013234 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2008.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2008] [Revised: 09/12/2008] [Accepted: 10/03/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In the human acute myeloid leukemia cell line M07e, the growth factor interleukin-3 (IL-3) induces ROS formation, positively affecting Glut1-mediated glucose uptake and cell survival. The effect of IL-3 and exogenous hydrogen peroxide on cell viability seems to be mediated through inhibition of the cell death commitment, as shown by apoptotic markers such as caspase activities, apoptotic nuclei, and changes in the amount of proteins belonging to the Bcl-2 family. The pivotal role of ROS is confirmed using various antioxidants, such as EUK-134, ebselen, TEMPO, and hydroxylamine probe. In fact, these antioxidants, acting through different mechanisms, decrease glucose transport activity and cell proliferation activated by IL-3 or by low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide. Moreover, antioxidants foster programmed cell death commitment, as shown by the cited apoptotic parameters. EUK-134, a combined superoxide dismutase/catalase mimetic, opposes the effects of IL-3 and H(2)O(2), decreasing phosphorylation levels of signaling enzymes such as Akt, Src tyrosine kinase, and ERK. Results show that ROS production induced by IL-3 can protect leukemic cells from apoptosis, the effect being counteracted by antioxidants. This mechanism may play an important role in supporting acute myeloid leukemia treatment, thus representing a novel therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tullia Maraldi
- Department of Biochemistry G. Moruzzi, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126, Bologna, Italy
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