1
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Conn VM, Gabryelska M, Toubia J, Kirk K, Gantley L, Powell JA, Cildir G, Marri S, Liu R, Stringer BW, Townley S, Webb ST, Lin H, Samaraweera SE, Bailey S, Moore AS, Maybury M, Liu D, Colella AD, Chataway T, Wallington-Gates CT, Walters L, Sibbons J, Selth LA, Tergaonkar V, D'Andrea RJ, Pitson SM, Goodall GJ, Conn SJ. Circular RNAs drive oncogenic chromosomal translocations within the MLL recombinome in leukemia. Cancer Cell 2023; 41:1309-1326.e10. [PMID: 37295428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The first step of oncogenesis is the acquisition of a repertoire of genetic mutations to initiate and sustain the malignancy. An important example of this initiation phase in acute leukemias is the formation of a potent oncogene by chromosomal translocations between the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) gene and one of 100 translocation partners, known as the MLL recombinome. Here, we show that circular RNAs (circRNAs)-a family of covalently closed, alternatively spliced RNA molecules-are enriched within the MLL recombinome and can bind DNA, forming circRNA:DNA hybrids (circR loops) at their cognate loci. These circR loops promote transcriptional pausing, proteasome inhibition, chromatin re-organization, and DNA breakage. Importantly, overexpressing circRNAs in mouse leukemia xenograft models results in co-localization of genomic loci, de novo generation of clinically relevant chromosomal translocations mimicking the MLL recombinome, and hastening of disease onset. Our findings provide fundamental insight into the acquisition of chromosomal translocations by endogenous RNA carcinogens in leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa M Conn
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine & Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia; Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology & University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Marta Gabryelska
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine & Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - John Toubia
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology & University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; ACRF Cancer Genomics Facility, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Kirsty Kirk
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine & Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Laura Gantley
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine & Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Jason A Powell
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology & University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Gökhan Cildir
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology & University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Shashikanth Marri
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine & Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Ryan Liu
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine & Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Brett W Stringer
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine & Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Scott Townley
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine & Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Stuart T Webb
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine & Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - He Lin
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine & Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Saumya E Samaraweera
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology & University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Sheree Bailey
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Andrew S Moore
- Child Health Research Centre, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia; Oncology Service, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
| | - Mellissa Maybury
- Child Health Research Centre, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
| | - Dawei Liu
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology & University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Alex D Colella
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine & Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia; Flinders Omics Facility, College of Medicine & Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Timothy Chataway
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine & Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia; Flinders Omics Facility, College of Medicine & Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Craig T Wallington-Gates
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine & Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia; Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology & University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Lucie Walters
- Adelaide Rural Clinical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Jane Sibbons
- Adelaide Microscopy, Division of Research and Innovation, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Luke A Selth
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine & Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia; Freemasons Centre for Male Health and Wellbeing, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Vinay Tergaonkar
- Laboratory of NFκB Signalling, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Republic of Singapore
| | - Richard J D'Andrea
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology & University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Stuart M Pitson
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology & University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Gregory J Goodall
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology & University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Simon J Conn
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine & Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia; Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology & University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
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2
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Kan WL, Dhagat U, Kaufmann KB, Hercus TR, Nero TL, Zeng AG, Toubia J, Barry EF, Broughton SE, Gomez GA, Benard BA, Dottore M, Cheung Tung Shing KS, Boutzen H, Samaraweera SE, Simpson KJ, Jin L, Goodall GJ, Begley CG, Thomas D, Ekert PG, Tvorogov D, D'Andrea RJ, Dick JE, Parker MW, Lopez AF. Distinct assemblies of heterodimeric cytokine receptors govern stemness programs in leukemia. Cancer Discov 2023:726397. [PMID: 37191437 PMCID: PMC10401075 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-22-1396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Leukemia stem cells (LSC) possess distinct self-renewal and arrested differentiation properties that are responsible for disease emergence, therapy failure and recurrence in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Despite AML displaying extensive biological and clinical heterogeneity, LSC with high interleukin-3 receptor (IL-3R) levels are a constant yet puzzling feature as this receptor lacks tyrosine kinase activity. Here we show that the heterodimeric IL3Ra/Bc receptor assembles into hexamers and dodecamers through a unique interface in the 3D structure, where high IL3Ra/Bc ratios bias hexamer formation. Importantly, receptor stoichiometry is clinically relevant as it varies across the individual cells in the AML hierarchy, where high IL3Ra/Bc ratios in LSCs drive hexamer-mediated stemness programs and poor patient survival, whilst low ratios mediate differentiation. Our study establishes a new paradigm where alternative cytokine receptor stoichiometries differentially regulate cell fate; a signaling mechanism that may be generalizable to other transformed cellular hierarchies and of potential therapeutic significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winnie L Kan
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Urmi Dhagat
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Timothy R Hercus
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Tracy L Nero
- University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andy Gx Zeng
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John Toubia
- University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Emma F Barry
- University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sophie E Broughton
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | - Mara Dottore
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Liqing Jin
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - C Glenn Begley
- Begley Biotech Consulting Pty Ltd, Wallington, Victoria, Australia
| | - Daniel Thomas
- University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Paul G Ekert
- Children's Cancer Institute, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Denis Tvorogov
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - John E Dick
- University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael W Parker
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Angel F Lopez
- Centre for Cancer Biology, Adelaide, South Austrazlia, Australia
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3
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Samaraweera SE, Geukens T, Casolari DA, Nguyen T, Sun C, Bailey S, Moore S, Feng J, Schreiber AW, Parker WT, Brown AL, Butcher C, Bardy PG, Osborn M, Scott HS, Talaulikar D, Grove CS, Hahn CN, D'Andrea RJ, Ross DM. Novel modes of MPL activation in triple-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms. Pathology 2023; 55:77-85. [PMID: 36031433 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2022.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The identification of a somatic mutation associated with myeloid malignancy is of diagnostic importance in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). Individuals with no mutation detected in common screening tests for variants in JAK2, CALR, and MPL are described as 'triple-negative' and pose a diagnostic challenge if there is no other evidence of a clonal disorder. To identify potential drivers that might explain the clinical phenotype, we used an extended sequencing panel to characterise a cohort of 44 previously diagnosed triple-negative MPN patients for canonical mutations in JAK2, MPL and CALR at low variant allele frequency (found in 4/44 patients), less common variants in the JAK-STAT signalling pathway (12 patients), or other variants in recurrently mutated genes from myeloid malignancies (18 patients), including hotspot variants of potential clinical relevance in eight patients. In one patient with thrombocytosis we identified biallelic germline MPL variants. Neither MPL variant was activating in cell proliferation assays, and one of the variants was not expressed on the cell surface, yet co-expression of both variants led to thrombopoietin hypersensitivity. Our results highlight the clinical value of extended sequencing including germline variant analysis and illustrate the need for detailed functional assays to determine whether rare variants in JAK2 or MPL are pathogenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saumya E Samaraweera
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Tatjana Geukens
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Debora A Casolari
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Tran Nguyen
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Caitlyn Sun
- Department of Haematology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sheree Bailey
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sarah Moore
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Jinghua Feng
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; ACRF Cancer Genomics Facility, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Andreas W Schreiber
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; ACRF Cancer Genomics Facility, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia; School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Wendy T Parker
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Anna L Brown
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Carolyn Butcher
- Department of Haematology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Peter G Bardy
- Department of Haematology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Michael Osborn
- South Australia/Northern Territory Youth Cancer Service, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Department of Haematology and Oncology, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Hamish S Scott
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia; ACRF Cancer Genomics Facility, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Dipti Talaulikar
- Haematology Translational Research Unit, ACT Pathology, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Carolyn S Grove
- Department of Haematology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital and PathWest, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Christopher N Hahn
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Richard J D'Andrea
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - David M Ross
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Department of Haematology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Department of Haematology and Genetic Pathology, Flinders University and Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, Australia.
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4
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Bassal MA, Samaraweera SE, Lim K, Benard BA, Bailey S, Kaur S, Leo P, Toubia J, Thompson-Peach C, Nguyen T, Maung KZY, Casolari DA, Iarossi DG, Pagani IS, Powell J, Pitson S, Natera S, Roessner U, Lewis ID, Brown AL, Tenen DG, Robinson N, Ross DM, Majeti R, Gonda TJ, Thomas D, D'Andrea RJ. Author Correction: Germline mutations in mitochondrial complex I reveal genetic and targetable vulnerability in IDH1-mutant acute myeloid leukaemia. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4131. [PMID: 35840577 PMCID: PMC9287394 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31952-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A Bassal
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Saumya E Samaraweera
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Kelly Lim
- Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Brooks A Benard
- Hematology Division, Department of Medicine, Stanford Cancer Institute, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - Sheree Bailey
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Satinder Kaur
- Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Paul Leo
- Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - John Toubia
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Tran Nguyen
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Kyaw Ze Ya Maung
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Debora A Casolari
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Diana G Iarossi
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Ilaria S Pagani
- Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jason Powell
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Stuart Pitson
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Siria Natera
- Metabolomics Australia, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ute Roessner
- Metabolomics Australia, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ian D Lewis
- Adelaide Oncology & Haematology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Anna L Brown
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia.,Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.,Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Daniel G Tenen
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nirmal Robinson
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - David M Ross
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia.,Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.,Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia.,Department of Clinical Haematology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Ravindra Majeti
- Hematology Division, Department of Medicine, Stanford Cancer Institute, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - Thomas J Gonda
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.,School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Daniel Thomas
- Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.,Hematology Division, Department of Medicine, Stanford Cancer Institute, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, USA.,Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Richard J D'Andrea
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia.
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5
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Duy C, Li M, Teater M, Meydan C, Garrett-Bakelman FE, Lee TC, Chin CR, Durmaz C, Kawabata KC, Dhimolea E, Mitsiades CS, Doehner H, D'Andrea RJ, Becker MW, Paietta EM, Mason CE, Carroll M, Melnick AM. Chemotherapy Induces Senescence-Like Resilient Cells Capable of Initiating AML Recurrence. Cancer Discov 2021; 11:1542-1561. [PMID: 33500244 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-20-1375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) frequently relapse after chemotherapy, yet the mechanism by which AML reemerges is not fully understood. Herein, we show that primary AML cells enter a senescence-like phenotype following chemotherapy in vitro and in vivo. This is accompanied by induction of senescence/inflammatory and embryonic diapause transcriptional programs, with downregulation of MYC and leukemia stem cell genes. Single-cell RNA sequencing suggested depletion of leukemia stem cells in vitro and in vivo, and enrichment for subpopulations with distinct senescence-like cells. This senescence effect was transient and conferred superior colony-forming and engraftment potential. Entry into this senescence-like phenotype was dependent on ATR, and persistence of AML cells was severely impaired by ATR inhibitors. Altogether, we propose that AML relapse is facilitated by a senescence-like resilience phenotype that occurs regardless of their stem cell status. Upon recovery, these post-senescence AML cells give rise to relapsed AMLs with increased stem cell potential. SIGNIFICANCE: Despite entering complete remission after chemotherapy, relapse occurs in many patients with AML. Thus, there is an urgent need to understand the relapse mechanism in AML and the development of targeted treatments to improve outcome. Here, we identified a senescence-like resilience phenotype through which AML cells can survive and repopulate leukemia.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1307.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cihangir Duy
- Cancer Signaling and Epigenetics Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. .,Cancer Epigenetics Institute, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Matt Teater
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Cem Meydan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Francine E Garrett-Bakelman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.,Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Tak C Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Christopher R Chin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Ceyda Durmaz
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Kimihito C Kawabata
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Eugen Dhimolea
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Constantine S Mitsiades
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | | | - Christopher E Mason
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - Ari M Melnick
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.
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6
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Salik B, Yi H, Hassan N, Santiappillai N, Vick B, Connerty P, Duly A, Trahair T, Woo AJ, Beck D, Liu T, Spiekermann K, Jeremias I, Wang J, Kavallaris M, Haber M, Norris MD, Liebermann DA, D'Andrea RJ, Murriel C, Wang JY. Targeting RSPO3-LGR4 Signaling for Leukemia Stem Cell Eradication in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancer Cell 2020; 38:263-278.e6. [PMID: 32559496 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Signals driving aberrant self-renewal in the heterogeneous leukemia stem cell (LSC) pool determine aggressiveness of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We report that a positive modulator of canonical WNT signaling pathway, RSPO-LGR4, upregulates key self-renewal genes and is essential for LSC self-renewal in a subset of AML. RSPO2/3 serve as stem cell growth factors to block differentiation and promote proliferation of primary AML patient blasts. RSPO receptor, LGR4, is epigenetically upregulated and works through cooperation with HOXA9, a poor prognostic predictor. Blocking the RSPO3-LGR4 interaction by clinical-grade anti-RSPO3 antibody (OMP-131R10/rosmantuzumab) impairs self-renewal and induces differentiation in AML patient-derived xenografts but does not affect normal hematopoietic stem cells, providing a therapeutic opportunity for HOXA9-dependent leukemia.
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MESH Headings
- Acute Disease
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Gene Expression Profiling/methods
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic/drug effects
- HL-60 Cells
- Humans
- K562 Cells
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate
- Leukemia, Myeloid/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, SCID
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/drug effects
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/immunology
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- THP-1 Cells
- Thrombospondins/genetics
- Thrombospondins/immunology
- Thrombospondins/metabolism
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays/methods
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Affiliation(s)
- Basit Salik
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Group, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Hangyu Yi
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Group, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Nunki Hassan
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Group, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Nancy Santiappillai
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Group, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Binje Vick
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich, Munich, Germany; Research Unit Apoptosis in Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Patrick Connerty
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Group, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Alastair Duly
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Group, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Toby Trahair
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Andrew J Woo
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Dominik Beck
- Centre for Health Technologies and the School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Lowy Cancer Research Centre and the Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Tao Liu
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Karsten Spiekermann
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich, Munich, Germany; Experimental Leukemia and Lymphoma Research (ELLF) Department of Internal Medicine 3, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Irmela Jeremias
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich, Munich, Germany; Research Unit Apoptosis in Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany; Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Childrens Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Jianlong Wang
- Department of Medicine, Columbia Center for Human Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Maria Kavallaris
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; Australian Centre for NanoMedicine and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano-Science and Technology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Michelle Haber
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Murray D Norris
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Dan A Liebermann
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology and Department of Medical Genetics & Molecular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Richard J D'Andrea
- Acute Leukaemia Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | | | - Jenny Y Wang
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Group, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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7
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Iacobucci I, Wen J, Meggendorfer M, Choi JK, Shi L, Pounds SB, Carmichael CL, Masih KE, Morris SM, Lindsley RC, Janke LJ, Alexander TB, Song G, Qu C, Li Y, Payne-Turner D, Tomizawa D, Kiyokawa N, Valentine M, Valentine V, Basso G, Locatelli F, Enemark EJ, Kham SKY, Yeoh AEJ, Ma X, Zhou X, Sioson E, Rusch M, Ries RE, Stieglitz E, Hunger SP, Wei AH, To LB, Lewis ID, D'Andrea RJ, Kile BT, Brown AL, Scott HS, Hahn CN, Marlton P, Pei D, Cheng C, Loh ML, Ebert BL, Meshinchi S, Haferlach T, Mullighan CG. Genomic subtyping and therapeutic targeting of acute erythroleukemia. Nat Genet 2019; 51:694-704. [PMID: 30926971 PMCID: PMC6828160 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-019-0375-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Acute erythroid leukemia (AEL) is a high-risk leukemia of poorly understood genetic basis, with controversy regarding diagnosis in the spectrum of myelodysplasia and myeloid leukemia. We compared genomic features of 159 childhood and adult AEL cases with non-AEL myeloid disorders and defined five age-related subgroups with distinct transcriptional profiles: adult, TP53 mutated; NPM1 mutated; KMT2A mutated/rearranged; adult, DDX41 mutated; and pediatric, NUP98 rearranged. Genomic features influenced outcome, with NPM1 mutations and HOXB9 overexpression being associated with a favorable prognosis and TP53, FLT3 or RB1 alterations associated with poor survival. Targetable signaling mutations were present in 45% of cases and included recurrent mutations of ALK and NTRK1, the latter of which drives erythroid leukemogenesis sensitive to TRK inhibition. This genomic landscape of AEL provides the framework for accurate diagnosis and risk stratification of this disease, and the rationale for testing targeted therapies in this high-risk leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Iacobucci
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Ji Wen
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | - John K Choi
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Stanley B Pounds
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Catherine L Carmichael
- The Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katherine E Masih
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Sarah M Morris
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - R Coleman Lindsley
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura J Janke
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Thomas B Alexander
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Guangchun Song
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Chunxu Qu
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Yongjin Li
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Debbie Payne-Turner
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Daisuke Tomizawa
- Division of Leukemia and Lymphoma, Children's Cancer Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Kiyokawa
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Research, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Marcus Valentine
- Cytogenetics Shared Resource, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Virginia Valentine
- Cytogenetics Shared Resource, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Giuseppe Basso
- Clinic of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Department for Children's and Women's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Turin, Italy
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Gynecology/Obstetrics and Pediatrics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Eric J Enemark
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Shirley K Y Kham
- Centre for Translational Research in Acute Leukaemia, Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Allen E J Yeoh
- Centre for Translational Research in Acute Leukaemia, Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiaotu Ma
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Edgar Sioson
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Michael Rusch
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Rhonda E Ries
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Elliot Stieglitz
- Department of Pediatrics, Benioff Children's Hospital, and the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Stephen P Hunger
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrew H Wei
- The Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Clinical Haematology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Pathology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - L Bik To
- Departments of Haematology, SA Pathology and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ian D Lewis
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Richard J D'Andrea
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Benjamin T Kile
- The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anna L Brown
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Hamish S Scott
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Christopher N Hahn
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Paula Marlton
- Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland School of Clinical Medicine, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Deqing Pei
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Mignon L Loh
- Department of Pediatrics, Benioff Children's Hospital, and the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin L Ebert
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Charles G Mullighan
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
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8
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Venugopal P, Moore S, Lawrence DM, George AJ, Hannan RD, Bray SC, To LB, D'Andrea RJ, Feng J, Tirimacco A, Yeoman AL, Young CC, Fine M, Schreiber AW, Hahn CN, Barnett C, Saxon B, Scott HS. Self-reverting mutations partially correct the blood phenotype in a Diamond Blackfan anemia patient. Haematologica 2017; 102:e506-e509. [PMID: 28971907 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2017.166678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Parvathy Venugopal
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia.,Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Sarah Moore
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - David M Lawrence
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.,Australian Cancer Research Foundation Cancer Genomics Facility, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Amee J George
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT, Australia.,Oncogenic Signalling and Growth Control Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia
| | - Ross D Hannan
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT, Australia.,Oncogenic Signalling and Growth Control Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sarah Ce Bray
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Luen Bik To
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Australia.,Division of Haematology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Richard J D'Andrea
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia.,Division of Haematology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia.,School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Australia
| | - Jinghua Feng
- Australian Cancer Research Foundation Cancer Genomics Facility, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia.,School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Australia
| | - Amanda Tirimacco
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Alexandra L Yeoman
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Chun Chun Young
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Miriam Fine
- South Australian Clinical Genetics Service, SA Pathology, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, Australia
| | - Andreas W Schreiber
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.,Australian Cancer Research Foundation Cancer Genomics Facility, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia.,School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Australia
| | - Christopher N Hahn
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia.,Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Australia.,School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Australia
| | - Christopher Barnett
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Australia.,South Australian Clinical Genetics Service, SA Pathology, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, Australia
| | - Ben Saxon
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Australia.,Department of Haematology, SA Pathology, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, Australia
| | - Hamish S Scott
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia .,Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Australia.,School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Australia
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9
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Sadras T, Kok CH, Perugini M, Ramshaw HS, D'Andrea RJ. miR-155 as a potential target of IL-3 signaling in primary AML cells. Leuk Res 2017; 57:57-59. [PMID: 28301819 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2017.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Revised: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
miR-155 has emerged as one of the key microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in normal and malignant myelopoiesis, and high expression of this miRNA has been flagged as a strong independent prognostic marker in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). While elevated expression of miR-155 has been associated with FLT3-ITD mutations, other mechanisms which may regulate expression of this miRNA in AML remain largely unknown. Here, we present new evidence that miR-155 may be a prime target of IL-3 signaling in primary AML cells. This finding, together with the increasingly apparent role for miR-155 in oncogenesis, and the upregulation of the IL-3 receptor alpha subunit in AML, lead us to propose this pathway may significantly contribute to the leukemic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Sadras
- Division of Haematology, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| | - Chung H Kok
- Division of Haematology, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Michelle Perugini
- Division of Haematology, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Hayley S Ramshaw
- Division of Immunology, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Richard J D'Andrea
- Division of Haematology, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, The University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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10
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Tiong IS, Casolari DA, Nguyen T, Van Velzen MJM, Ambler K, D'Andrea RJ, Ross DM. Masked polycythaemia vera is genetically intermediate between JAK2V617F mutated essential thrombocythaemia and overt polycythaemia vera. Blood Cancer J 2016; 6:e459. [PMID: 27540717 PMCID: PMC5022181 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2016.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- I S Tiong
- Haematology Directorate, SA Pathology/Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - D A Casolari
- Haematology Directorate, SA Pathology/Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia Australia.,Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia/SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - T Nguyen
- Haematology Directorate, SA Pathology/Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia Australia.,Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia/SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - M J M Van Velzen
- Haematology Directorate, SA Pathology/Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia Australia.,Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia/SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - K Ambler
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology Directorate, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - R J D'Andrea
- Haematology Directorate, SA Pathology/Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia Australia.,Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia/SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - D M Ross
- Haematology Directorate, SA Pathology/Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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11
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Lynch JR, Yi H, Casolari DA, Voli F, Gonzales-Aloy E, Fung TK, Liu B, Brown A, Liu T, Haber M, Norris MD, Lewis ID, So CWE, D'Andrea RJ, Wang JY. Gaq signaling is required for the maintenance of MLL-AF9-induced acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2016; 30:1745-8. [PMID: 26859074 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J R Lynch
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Group, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - H Yi
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Group, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - D A Casolari
- Acute Leukemia Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Department of Haematology, SA Pathology and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - F Voli
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Group, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - E Gonzales-Aloy
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Group, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - T K Fung
- Leukaemia and Stem Cell Biology Group, Department of Haematological Medicine, King's College London, Denmark Hill, London, UK
| | - B Liu
- Kids Cancer Alliance, Translational Cancer Research Centre for Kids, Cancer Institute New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - A Brown
- Acute Leukemia Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - T Liu
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - M Haber
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - M D Norris
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - I D Lewis
- Acute Leukemia Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Department of Haematology, SA Pathology and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - C W E So
- Leukaemia and Stem Cell Biology Group, Department of Haematological Medicine, King's College London, Denmark Hill, London, UK
| | - R J D'Andrea
- Acute Leukemia Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Department of Haematology, SA Pathology and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - J Y Wang
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Group, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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12
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Li S, Garrett-Bakelman FE, Chung SS, Sanders MA, Hricik T, Rapaport F, Patel J, Dillon R, Vijay P, Brown AL, Perl AE, Cannon J, Bullinger L, Luger S, Becker M, Lewis ID, To LB, Delwel R, Löwenberg B, Döhner H, Döhner K, Guzman ML, Hassane DC, Roboz GJ, Grimwade D, Valk PJM, D'Andrea RJ, Carroll M, Park CY, Neuberg D, Levine R, Melnick AM, Mason CE. Distinct evolution and dynamics of epigenetic and genetic heterogeneity in acute myeloid leukemia. Nat Med 2016; 22:792-9. [PMID: 27322744 PMCID: PMC4938719 DOI: 10.1038/nm.4125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Genetic heterogeneity contributes to clinical outcome and progression of most tumors. Yet, little is known regarding allelic diversity for epigenetic compartments and almost no data exists for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Here we examined epigenetic heterogeneity as assessed by cytosine methylation within defined genomic loci with four CpGs (epigenetic alleles), somatic mutations and transcriptomes of AML patient samples at serial time points. We observe that epigenetic allele burden is linked to inferior outcome and varies considerably during disease progression. Epigenetic and genetic allelic burden and patterning follow different patterns and kinetics during disease progression. We observed a subset of AMLs with high epiallele and low somatic mutation burden at diagnosis, a subset with high somatic mutation and lower epiallele burdens at diagnosis, and a subset with a mixed profile, suggesting distinct modes of tumor heterogeneity. Genes linked to promoter-associated epiallele shifts during tumor progression display increased single-cell transcriptional variance and differential expression, suggesting functional impact on gene regulation. Thus, genetic and epigenetic heterogeneity can occur with distinct kinetics, each likely able to impact biological and clinical features of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Li
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics and the HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Al-Saud Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Francine E Garrett-Bakelman
- Division of Hematology-Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Stephen S Chung
- Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mathijs A Sanders
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Hematology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Todd Hricik
- Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Franck Rapaport
- Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jay Patel
- Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Richard Dillon
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, London, UK
| | - Priyanka Vijay
- Tri-Institutional Training Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Anna L Brown
- Center for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Department of Hematology, SA Pathology and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Alexander E Perl
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joy Cannon
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lars Bullinger
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Selina Luger
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael Becker
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Ian D Lewis
- Center for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Department of Hematology, SA Pathology and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Luen Bik To
- Department of Hematology, SA Pathology and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ruud Delwel
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Hematology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bob Löwenberg
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Hematology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hartmut Döhner
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Konstanze Döhner
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Monica L Guzman
- Division of Hematology-Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Duane C Hassane
- Division of Hematology-Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gail J Roboz
- Division of Hematology-Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - David Grimwade
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, London, UK
| | - Peter J M Valk
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Hematology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Richard J D'Andrea
- Center for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Department of Hematology, SA Pathology and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Martin Carroll
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Christopher Y Park
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.,Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Donna Neuberg
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ross Levine
- Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ari M Melnick
- Division of Hematology-Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Christopher E Mason
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics and the HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Al-Saud Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
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13
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Tiong IS, Casolari DA, Moore S, Nguyen T, Van Velzen MJM, Zantomio D, Scott HS, D'Andrea RJ, Hahn CN, Ross DM. Apparent ‘JAK2
-negative’ polycythaemia vera due to compound mutations in exon 14. Br J Haematol 2016; 178:333-336. [DOI: 10.1111/bjh.14126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ing Soo Tiong
- Haematology Directorate; SA Pathology/Royal Adelaide Hospital; Adelaide Australia
- School of Medicine; University of Adelaide; Adelaide Australia
| | - Debora A. Casolari
- Haematology Directorate; SA Pathology/Royal Adelaide Hospital; Adelaide Australia
- Centre for Cancer Biology; University of South Australia/SA Pathology; Adelaide Australia
| | - Sarah Moore
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology Directorate; SA Pathology; Adelaide Australia
| | - Tran Nguyen
- Haematology Directorate; SA Pathology/Royal Adelaide Hospital; Adelaide Australia
- Centre for Cancer Biology; University of South Australia/SA Pathology; Adelaide Australia
| | - Merel J. M. Van Velzen
- Haematology Directorate; SA Pathology/Royal Adelaide Hospital; Adelaide Australia
- Centre for Cancer Biology; University of South Australia/SA Pathology; Adelaide Australia
- School of Medical Sciences; VUmc; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Daniela Zantomio
- Department of Clinical Haematology; Austin Hospital; Melbourne Australia
| | - Hamish S. Scott
- School of Medicine; University of Adelaide; Adelaide Australia
- Centre for Cancer Biology; University of South Australia/SA Pathology; Adelaide Australia
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology Directorate; SA Pathology; Adelaide Australia
| | - Richard J. D'Andrea
- Haematology Directorate; SA Pathology/Royal Adelaide Hospital; Adelaide Australia
- Centre for Cancer Biology; University of South Australia/SA Pathology; Adelaide Australia
| | - Christopher N. Hahn
- School of Medicine; University of Adelaide; Adelaide Australia
- Centre for Cancer Biology; University of South Australia/SA Pathology; Adelaide Australia
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology Directorate; SA Pathology; Adelaide Australia
| | - David M. Ross
- Haematology Directorate; SA Pathology/Royal Adelaide Hospital; Adelaide Australia
- School of Medicine; University of Adelaide; Adelaide Australia
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14
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Li S, Garrett-Bakelman F, Perl AE, Luger SM, Zhang C, To BL, Lewis ID, Brown AL, D'Andrea RJ, Ross ME, Levine R, Carroll M, Melnick A, Mason CE. Dynamic evolution of clonal epialleles revealed by methclone. Genome Biol 2014; 15:472. [PMID: 25260792 PMCID: PMC4242486 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-014-0472-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe methclone, a novel method to identify epigenetic loci that harbor large changes in the clonality of their epialleles (epigenetic alleles). Methclone efficiently analyzes genome-wide DNA methylation sequencing data. We quantify the changes using a composition entropy difference calculation and also introduce a new measure of global clonality shift, loci with epiallele shift per million loci covered, which enables comparisons between different samples to gauge overall epiallelic dynamics. Finally, we demonstrate the utility of methclone in capturing functional epiallele shifts in leukemia patients from diagnosis to relapse. Methclone is open-source and freely available at https://code.google.com/p/methclone.
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15
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Brumatti G, Salmanidis M, Kok CH, Bilardi RA, Sandow JJ, Silke N, Mason K, Visser J, Jabbour AM, Glaser SP, Okamoto T, Bouillet P, D'Andrea RJ, Ekert PG. HoxA9 regulated Bcl-2 expression mediates survival of myeloid progenitors and the severity of HoxA9-dependent leukemia. Oncotarget 2014; 4:1933-47. [PMID: 24177192 PMCID: PMC3875760 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Deregulated expression of Hox genes such as HoxA9 is associated with development of myeloproliferative disorders and leukemia and indicates a poor prognosis. To investigate the molecular mechanisms by which HoxA9 promotes immortalization of hematopoietic cells, we generated growth factor dependent myeloid cells in which HoxA9 expression is regulated by administration of 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen. Maintenance of HoxA9 overexpression is required for continued cell survival and proliferation, even in the presence of growth factors. We show for the first time that maintenance of Bcl-2 expression is critical for HoxA9-dependent immortalization and influences the latency of HoxA9-dependent leukemia. Hematopoietic cells lacking Bcl-2 were not immortalized by HoxA9 in vitro. Furthermore, deletion of Bcl-2 delayed the onset and reduced the severity of HoxA9/Meis1 and MLL-AF9 leukemias. This is the first description of a molecular link between HoxA9 and the regulation of Bcl-2 family members in acute myeloid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Brumatti
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Australia
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16
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Sadras T, Perugini M, Kok CH, Iarossi DG, Heatley SL, Brumatti G, Samuel MS, To LB, Lewis ID, Lopez AF, Ekert PG, Ramshaw HS, D'Andrea RJ. Interleukin-3-mediated regulation of β-catenin in myeloid transformation and acute myeloid leukemia. J Leukoc Biol 2014; 96:83-91. [PMID: 24598054 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.2ab1013-559r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activation of β-catenin is a common event in AML and is an independent predictor of poor prognosis. Although increased β-catenin signaling in AML has been associated with oncogenic translocation products and activating mutations in the FLT3R, the mechanisms that activate β-catenin in AML more broadly are still unclear. Here, we describe a novel link between IL-3 signaling and the regulation of β-catenin in myeloid transformation and AML. In a murine model of HoxB8 and IL-3 cooperation, we show that β-catenin protein levels are modulated by IL-3 and that Cre-induced deletion of β-catenin abolishes IL-3-dependent growth and colony formation. In IL-3-dependent leukemic TF-1.8 cells, we observed increased β-catenin protein levels and nuclear localization in response to IL-3, and this correlated with transcriptional induction of β-catenin target genes. Furthermore, IL-3 promoted β-catenin accumulation in a subset of AML patient samples, and gene-expression profiling of these cells revealed induction of WNT/β-catenin and TCF4 gene signatures in an IL-3-dependent manner. This study is the first to link β-catenin activation to IL-3 and suggests that targeting IL-3 signaling may be an effective approach for the inhibition of β-catenin activity in some patients with AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Sadras
- Centre for Cancer Biology and School of Molecular and Biomedical Science and Centre for Stem Cell Research and Departments of Haematology and Department of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, The University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Michelle Perugini
- Centre for Cancer Biology and Departments of Haematology and School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Chung H Kok
- Centre for Cancer Biology and Departments of Haematology and School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Diana G Iarossi
- Centre for Cancer Biology and Departments of Haematology and Department of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, The University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Susan L Heatley
- Centre for Cancer Biology and Immunology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Gabriela Brumatti
- Division of Cell Signalling and Cell Death, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; and
| | - Michael S Samuel
- Centre for Cancer Biology and School of Molecular and Biomedical Science and Centre for Stem Cell Research and Immunology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Luen B To
- Departments of Haematology and School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ian D Lewis
- Centre for Cancer Biology and Departments of Haematology and School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Angel F Lopez
- Centre for Cancer Biology and School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Immunology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Paul G Ekert
- Division of Cell Signalling and Cell Death, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; and
| | - Hayley S Ramshaw
- Centre for Cancer Biology and Immunology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Richard J D'Andrea
- Centre for Cancer Biology and School of Molecular and Biomedical Science and Centre for Stem Cell Research and Departments of Haematology and Department of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, The University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia;
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17
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Pishas KI, Neuhaus SJ, Clayer MT, Schreiber AW, Lawrence DM, Perugini M, Whitfield RJ, Farshid G, Manavis J, Chryssidis S, Mayo BJ, Haycox RC, Ho K, Brown MP, D'Andrea RJ, Evdokiou A, Thomas DM, Desai J, Callen DF, Neilsen PM. Nutlin-3a efficacy in sarcoma predicted by transcriptomic and epigenetic profiling. Cancer Res 2013; 74:921-31. [PMID: 24336067 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-13-2424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nutlin-3a is a small-molecule antagonist of p53/MDM2 that is being explored as a treatment for sarcoma. In this study, we examined the molecular mechanisms underlying the sensitivity of sarcomas to Nutlin-3a. In an ex vivo tissue explant system, we found that TP53 pathway alterations (TP53 status, MDM2/MDM4 genomic amplification/mRNA overexpression, MDM2 SNP309, and TP53 SNP72) did not confer apoptotic or cytostatic responses in sarcoma tissue biopsies (n = 24). Unexpectedly, MDM2 status did not predict Nutlin-3a sensitivity. RNA sequencing revealed that the global transcriptomic profiles of these sarcomas provided a more robust prediction of apoptotic responses to Nutlin-3a. Expression profiling revealed a subset of TP53 target genes that were transactivated specifically in sarcomas that were highly sensitive to Nutlin-3a. Of these target genes, the GADD45A promoter region was shown to be hypermethylated in 82% of wild-type TP53 sarcomas that did not respond to Nutlin-3a, thereby providing mechanistic insight into the innate ability of sarcomas to resist apoptotic death following Nutlin-3a treatment. Collectively, our findings argue that the existing benchmark biomarker for MDM2 antagonist efficacy (MDM2 amplification) should not be used to predict outcome but rather global gene expression profiles and epigenetic status of sarcomas dictate their sensitivity to p53/MDM2 antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen I Pishas
- Authors' Affiliations: Sarcoma Research Group, Discipline of Medicine, Centre for Personalised Cancer Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, Departments of Orthopaedics and Trauma and Haematology, Cancer Clinical Trials Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital; Department of Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital and University of Adelaide; ACRF Cancer Genomics Facility, Centre for Cancer Biology, Division of Tissue Pathology, SA Pathology; Centre for Neurological Diseases, Hanson Institute and SA Pathology; Department of Radiology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital; Department of Haematology and Oncology, Basil Hetzel Institute and Queen Elizabeth Hospital; University of Adelaide, Discipline of Surgery, Basil Hetzel Institute, Adelaide; Sarcoma Genomics and Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; and Department of Medical Oncology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia
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18
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Diakiw SM, D'Andrea RJ, Brown AL. The double life of KLF5: Opposing roles in regulation of gene-expression, cellular function, and transformation. IUBMB Life 2013; 65:999-1011. [DOI: 10.1002/iub.1233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonya M. Diakiw
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre; University of New South Wales; Australia
- Department of Haematology; SA Pathology; Adelaide Australia
| | - Richard J. D'Andrea
- Department of Haematology; SA Pathology; Adelaide Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences; University of South Australia; Australia
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology; Adelaide Australia
- School of Medicine; University of Adelaide; Adelaide Australia
| | - Anna L. Brown
- Department of Haematology; SA Pathology; Adelaide Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences; University of South Australia; Australia
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology; Adelaide Australia
- School of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences; University of Adelaide; Adelaide Australia
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19
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Li S, Garrett-Bakelman FE, Akalin A, Zumbo P, Levine R, To BL, Lewis ID, Brown AL, D'Andrea RJ, Melnick A, Mason CE. An optimized algorithm for detecting and annotating regional differential methylation. BMC Bioinformatics 2013; 14 Suppl 5:S10. [PMID: 23735126 PMCID: PMC3622633 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2105-14-s5-s10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA methylation profiling reveals important differentially methylated regions (DMRs) of the genome that are altered during development or that are perturbed by disease. To date, few programs exist for regional analysis of enriched or whole-genome bisulfate conversion sequencing data, even though such data are increasingly common. Here, we describe an open-source, optimized method for determining empirically based DMRs (eDMR) from high-throughput sequence data that is applicable to enriched whole-genome methylation profiling datasets, as well as other globally enriched epigenetic modification data. RESULTS Here we show that our bimodal distribution model and weighted cost function for optimized regional methylation analysis provides accurate boundaries of regions harboring significant epigenetic modifications. Our algorithm takes the spatial distribution of CpGs into account for the enrichment assay, allowing for optimization of the definition of empirical regions for differential methylation. Combined with the dependent adjustment for regional p-value combination and DMR annotation, we provide a method that may be applied to a variety of datasets for rapid DMR analysis. Our method classifies both the directionality of DMRs and their genome-wide distribution, and we have observed that shows clinical relevance through correct stratification of two Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) tumor sub-types. CONCLUSIONS Our weighted optimization algorithm eDMR for calling DMRs extends an established DMR R pipeline (methylKit) and provides a needed resource in epigenomics. Our method enables an accurate and scalable way of finding DMRs in high-throughput methylation sequencing experiments. eDMR is available for download at http://code.google.com/p/edmr/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Li
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,Weill Cornell Medical College, 1305 York Ave., New York, NY 10065, USA
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20
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Diakiw SM, Perugini M, Kok CH, Engler GA, Cummings N, To LB, Wei AH, Lewis ID, Brown AL, D'Andrea RJ. Methylation ofKLF5contributes to reduced expression in acute myeloid leukaemia and is associated with poor overall survival. Br J Haematol 2013; 161:884-8. [DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Nik Cummings
- Department of Clinical Haematology; The Alfred Hospital and Monash University; Melbourne; Vic.; Australia
| | | | - Andrew H. Wei
- Department of Clinical Haematology; The Alfred Hospital and Monash University; Melbourne; Vic.; Australia
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21
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Perugini M, Iarossi DG, Kok CH, Cummings N, Diakiw SM, Brown AL, Danner S, Bardy P, Bik To L, Wei AH, Lewis ID, D'Andrea RJ. GADD45A methylation predicts poor overall survival in acute myeloid leukemia and is associated with IDH1/2 and DNMT3A mutations. Leukemia 2012. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2012.346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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22
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Kok CH, Brown AL, Perugini M, Iarossi DG, Lewis ID, D'Andrea RJ. The preferential occurrence of FLT3-TKD mutations in inv(16) AML and impact on survival outcome: a combined analysis of 1053 core-binding factor AML patients. Br J Haematol 2012. [PMID: 23190472 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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23
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White DL, Brown AL, D'Andrea RJ, Rice AM. Unraveling the “Known Unknowns”: Lessons and Reflections from the New Directions in Leukemia Research 2012 Conference. Cancer Res 2012; 72:4300-3. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-1832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Patients diagnosed with leukemia approach their treatment with the hope of cure despite the effect on their quality of life. Some patients will be cured, others will die from treatment, and some will die of their disease. A common theme at the New Directions in Leukemia Research (NDLR 2012) meeting was that cure will come if the drivers of the disease are better understood. Key messages included the power of combination platforms to understand the genetic and epigenetic modifications in leukemia to enable development of rational therapies, which can be tested via new clinical trial designs ensuring rapid clinical implementation. Cancer Res; 72(17); 4300–3. ©2012 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah L. White
- Authors' Affiliations: 1Division of Haematology, Centre for Cancer Biology; 2School of Medicine and 3School of Molecular and Biomedical sciences, University of Adelaide; 4Department of Haematology and Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia; 5Mater Medical Research Institute, South Brisbane; and 6Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
- Authors' Affiliations: 1Division of Haematology, Centre for Cancer Biology; 2School of Medicine and 3School of Molecular and Biomedical sciences, University of Adelaide; 4Department of Haematology and Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia; 5Mater Medical Research Institute, South Brisbane; and 6Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Anna L. Brown
- Authors' Affiliations: 1Division of Haematology, Centre for Cancer Biology; 2School of Medicine and 3School of Molecular and Biomedical sciences, University of Adelaide; 4Department of Haematology and Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia; 5Mater Medical Research Institute, South Brisbane; and 6Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
- Authors' Affiliations: 1Division of Haematology, Centre for Cancer Biology; 2School of Medicine and 3School of Molecular and Biomedical sciences, University of Adelaide; 4Department of Haematology and Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia; 5Mater Medical Research Institute, South Brisbane; and 6Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Richard J. D'Andrea
- Authors' Affiliations: 1Division of Haematology, Centre for Cancer Biology; 2School of Medicine and 3School of Molecular and Biomedical sciences, University of Adelaide; 4Department of Haematology and Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia; 5Mater Medical Research Institute, South Brisbane; and 6Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
- Authors' Affiliations: 1Division of Haematology, Centre for Cancer Biology; 2School of Medicine and 3School of Molecular and Biomedical sciences, University of Adelaide; 4Department of Haematology and Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia; 5Mater Medical Research Institute, South Brisbane; and 6Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
- Authors' Affiliations: 1Division of Haematology, Centre for Cancer Biology; 2School of Medicine and 3School of Molecular and Biomedical sciences, University of Adelaide; 4Department of Haematology and Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia; 5Mater Medical Research Institute, South Brisbane; and 6Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Alison M. Rice
- Authors' Affiliations: 1Division of Haematology, Centre for Cancer Biology; 2School of Medicine and 3School of Molecular and Biomedical sciences, University of Adelaide; 4Department of Haematology and Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia; 5Mater Medical Research Institute, South Brisbane; and 6Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
- Authors' Affiliations: 1Division of Haematology, Centre for Cancer Biology; 2School of Medicine and 3School of Molecular and Biomedical sciences, University of Adelaide; 4Department of Haematology and Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia; 5Mater Medical Research Institute, South Brisbane; and 6Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
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24
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Watkins DB, Hughes TP, White DL, D'Andrea RJ. NPM1 mutations occur rarely or not at all in chronic myeloid leukaemia patients in chronic phase or blast crisis. Leukemia 2012; 27:489-90. [PMID: 22791379 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2012.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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25
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Gagliardi L, Ling KH, Kok CH, Carolan J, Brautigan P, Kenyon R, D'Andrea RJ, Van der Hoek M, Hahn CN, Torpy DJ, Scott HS. Genome-wide gene expression profiling identifies overlap with malignant adrenocortical tumours and novel mechanisms of inefficient steroidogenesis in familial ACTH-independent macronodular adrenal hyperplasia. Endocr Relat Cancer 2012; 19:L19-23. [PMID: 22383426 DOI: 10.1530/erc-11-0210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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26
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Hercus TR, Broughton SE, Ekert PG, Ramshaw HS, Perugini M, Grimbaldeston M, Woodcock JM, Thomas D, Pitson S, Hughes T, D'Andrea RJ, Parker MW, Lopez AF. The GM-CSF receptor family: mechanism of activation and implications for disease. Growth Factors 2012; 30:63-75. [PMID: 22257375 DOI: 10.3109/08977194.2011.649919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a pluripotent cytokine produced by many cells in the body, which regulates normal and malignant hemopoiesis as well as innate and adaptive immunity. GM-CSF assembles and activates its heterodimeric receptor complex on the surface of myeloid cells, initiating multiple signaling pathways that control key functions such as cell survival, cell proliferation, and functional activation. Understanding the molecular composition of these pathways, the interaction of the various components as well as the kinetics and dose-dependent mechanics of receptor activation provides valuable insights into the function of GM-CSF as well as the related cytokines, interleukin-3 and interleukin-5. This knowledge provides opportunities for the development of new therapies to block the action of these cytokines in hematological malignancy and chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R Hercus
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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27
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Xia P, Wang L, Moretti PA, Albanese N, Chai F, Pitson SM, D'Andrea RJ, Gamble JR, Vadas MA. Sphingosine kinase interacts with TRAF2 and dissects tumor necrosis factor-α signaling. J Biol Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1074/jbc.a111.111423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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28
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Brown AL, Salerno DG, Sadras T, Engler GA, Kok CH, Wilkinson CR, Samaraweera SE, Sadlon TJ, Perugini M, Lewis ID, Gonda TJ, D'Andrea RJ. The GM-CSF receptor utilizes β-catenin and Tcf4 to specify macrophage lineage differentiation. Differentiation 2011; 83:47-59. [PMID: 22099176 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2011.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2011] [Revised: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 08/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) promotes the growth, survival, differentiation and activation of normal myeloid cells and is essential for fully functional macrophage differentiation in vivo. To better understand the mechanisms by which growth factors control the balance between proliferation and self-renewal versus growth-suppression and differentiation we have used the bi-potent FDB1 myeloid cell line, which proliferates in IL-3 and differentiates to granulocytes and macrophages in response to GM-CSF. This provides a manipulable model in which to dissect the switch between growth and differentiation. We show that, in the context of signaling from an activating mutant of the GM-CSF receptor β subunit, a single intracellular tyrosine residue (Y577) mediates the granulocyte fate decision. Loss of granulocyte differentiation in a Y577F second-site mutant is accompanied by enhanced macrophage differentiation and accumulation of β-catenin together with activation of Tcf4 and other Wnt target genes. These include the known macrophage lineage inducer, Egr1. We show that forced expression of Tcf4 or a stabilised β-catenin mutant is sufficient to promote macrophage differentiation in response to GM-CSF and that GM-CSF can regulate β-catenin stability, most likely via GSK3β. Consistent with this pathway being active in primary cells we show that inhibition of GSK3β activity promotes the formation of macrophage colonies at the expense of granulocyte colonies in response to GM-CSF. This study therefore identifies a novel pathway through which growth factor receptor signaling can interact with transcriptional regulators to influence lineage choice during myeloid differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L Brown
- Division of Haematology, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
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29
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Hahn CN, Chong CE, Carmichael CL, Wilkins EJ, Brautigan PJ, Li XC, Babic M, Lin M, Carmagnac A, Lee YK, Kok CH, Gagliardi L, Friend KL, Ekert PG, Butcher CM, Brown AL, Lewis ID, To LB, Timms AE, Storek J, Moore S, Altree M, Escher R, Bardy PG, Suthers GK, D'Andrea RJ, Horwitz MS, Scott HS. Heritable GATA2 mutations associated with familial myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia. Nat Genet 2011; 43:1012-7. [PMID: 21892162 PMCID: PMC3184204 DOI: 10.1038/ng.913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 423] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We report the discovery of the GATA2 gene as a new myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)/acute myeloid leukemia (AML) predisposition gene. We found the same, novel heterozygous c.1061C>T (p.Thr354Met) missense mutation in the GATA2 transcription factor gene segregating with the multigenerational transmission of MDS/AML in three families, and a GATA2 c.1063_1065delACA (p.Thr355del) mutation at an adjacent codon in a fourth MDS/AML family. The mutations reside within the second zinc finger of GATA2 which mediates DNA-binding and protein-protein interactions. We show differential effects of the mutants on transactivation of target genes, cellular differentiation, apoptosis and global gene expression. Identification of such predisposing genes to familial forms of MDS and AML is critical for more effective diagnosis and prognosis, counselling, selection of related bone marrow transplant donors, and development of therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher N Hahn
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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30
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Rao N, Butcher CM, Lewis ID, Ross DM, Melo JV, Scott HS, Bardy PG, D'Andrea RJ. Clonal and lineage analysis of somatic DNMT3A and JAK2 mutations in a chronic phase polycythemia vera patient. Br J Haematol 2011; 156:268-70. [PMID: 21859430 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2011.08837.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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31
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Xia P, Wang L, Moretti PA, Albanese N, Chai F, Pitson SM, D'Andrea RJ, Gamble JR, Vadas MA. Sphingosine kinase interacts with TRAF2 and dissects tumor necrosis factor-α signaling. J Biol Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1074/jbc.a110.111423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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32
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Butcher CM, Neufing PJ, Eriksson L, Carmichael CL, Wilkins EJ, Melo JV, Lewis ID, Bardy PG, Scott HS, D'Andrea RJ. RUNX1 mutations are rare in chronic phase polycythaemia vera. Br J Haematol 2011; 153:672-5. [PMID: 21332713 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2011.08589.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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33
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Sadlon TJ, Wilkinson BG, Pederson S, Brown CY, Bresatz S, Gargett T, Melville EL, Peng K, D'Andrea RJ, Glonek GG, Goodall GJ, Zola H, Shannon MF, Barry SC. Genome-wide identification of human FOXP3 target genes in natural regulatory T cells. J Immunol 2010; 185:1071-81. [PMID: 20554955 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1000082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor FOXP3 is essential for the formation and function of regulatory T cells (Tregs), and Tregs are essential for maintaining immune homeostasis and tolerance. This is demonstrated by a lethal autoimmune defect in mice lacking Foxp3 and in immunodysregulation polyendocrinopathy enteropathy X-linked syndrome patients. However, little is known about the molecular basis of human FOXP3 function or the relationship between direct and indirect targets of FOXP3 in human Tregs. To investigate this, we have performed a comprehensive genome-wide analysis for human FOXP3 target genes from cord blood Tregs using chromatin immunoprecipitation array profiling and expression profiling. We have identified 5579 human FOXP3 target genes and derived a core Treg gene signature conserved across species using mouse chromatin immunoprecipitation data sets. A total of 739 of the 5579 FOXP3 target genes were differentially regulated in Tregs compared with Th cells, thus allowing the identification of a number of pathways and biological functions overrepresented in Tregs. We have identified gene families including cell surface molecules and microRNAs that are differentially expressed in FOXP3(+) Tregs. In particular, we have identified a novel role for peptidase inhibitor 16, which is expressed on the cell surface of >80% of resting human CD25(+)FOXP3(+) Tregs, suggesting that in conjunction with CD25 peptidase inhibitor 16 may be a surrogate surface marker for Tregs with potential clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Sadlon
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Women's and Children's Health Research Institute, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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34
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Hiwase DK, White DL, Powell JA, Saunders VA, Zrim SA, Frede AK, Guthridge MA, Lopez AF, D'Andrea RJ, To LB, Melo JV, Kumar S, Hughes TP. Blocking cytokine signaling along with intense Bcr-Abl kinase inhibition induces apoptosis in primary CML progenitors. Leukemia 2010; 24:771-8. [PMID: 20130598 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2009.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cell lines, brief exposure to pharmacologically relevant dasatinib concentrations results in apoptosis. In this study, we assess the impact of intensity and duration of Bcr-Abl kinase inhibition on primary CD34(+) progenitors of chronic phase CML patients. As CML cells exposed to dasatinib in vivo are in a cytokine-rich environment, we also assessed the effect of cytokines (six growth factors cocktail or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF) or granulocyte-CSF) in combination with dasatinib. In the presence of cytokines, short-term intense Bcr-Abl kinase inhibition (>or=90% p-Crkl inhibition) with 100 nM dasatinib did not reduce CD34(+) colony-forming cells (CFCs). In contrast, without cytokines, short-term exposure to dasatinib reduced CML-CD34(+) CFCs by 70-80%. When cytokines were added immediately after short-term exposure to dasatinib, CML-CD34(+) cells remained viable, suggesting that oncogene dependence of these cells can be overcome by concomitant or subsequent exposure to cytokines. Additional inhibition of Janus tyrosine kinase (Jak) activity re-established the sensitivity of CML progenitors to intense Bcr-Abl kinase inhibition despite the presence of cytokines. These findings support the contention that therapeutic strategies combining intense Bcr-Abl kinase inhibition and blockade of cytokine signaling pathways can be effective for eradication of CML progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- D K Hiwase
- Division of Haematology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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35
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Abstract
Hematopoietic growth factor (HGF) mimetics offer a number of attractive advantages as therapeutic agents. Small chemical compounds, in particular, provide reduced cost and oral availability. As many of these mimetics are unrelated in structure to the normal cytokine the immunogenic response is not a significant issue. Isolation of small peptide agonists for erythropoietin (EPO) and thrombopoietin (TPO) receptors has been associated with significant translational challenges and here we summarize approaches used to achieve the potency and stability required for clinical utility. We also compare and contrast the initial screening approaches, and the translational and clinical issues associated with two recently approved TPO mimetics, romiplostim and the orally available eltrombopag. Finally we summarize the development and clinical findings for the EPO mimetic, Hematide, consider alternative approaches, and discuss the future potential for isolation of growth factor (GF) mimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Perugini
- Hanson Institute and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
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36
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Perugini M, Kok CH, Brown AL, Wilkinson CR, Salerno DG, Young SM, Diakiw SM, Lewis ID, Gonda TJ, D'Andrea RJ. Repression of Gadd45α by activated FLT3 and GM-CSF receptor mutants contributes to growth, survival and blocked differentiation. Leukemia 2009; 23:729-38. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2008.349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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37
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Hutton JF, Gargett T, Sadlon TJ, Bresatz S, Brown CY, Zola H, Shannon MF, D'Andrea RJ, Barry SC. Development of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells from cord blood hematopoietic progenitor cells. J Leukoc Biol 2008; 85:445-51. [PMID: 19103952 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1008620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult stem cells are capable of generating all of the cells of the hematopoietic system, and this process is orchestrated in part by the interactions between these cells and the stroma. T cell progenitors emerge from the stem cell compartment and migrate to the thymus, where their terminal differentiation and maturation occur, and it is during this phase that selection shapes the immune repertoire. Notch ligands, including Delta-like 1 (DL1), play a critical role in this lymphoid differentiation. To mimic this in vitro, stroma-expressing DL1 have been used to generate CD4(+)CD8(+) double-positive and single-positive T cells from hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. This system provides a robust tool to investigate thymopoiesis; however, its capacity to generate regulatory T cells (Tregs) has yet to be reported. Natural Tregs (nTregs) develop in the thymus and help maintain immune homeostasis and have potential clinical use as a cell therapy for modulation of autoimmune disease or for transplant tolerization. Here, we describe for the first time the development of a population of CD4(+)CD25(+) CD127(lo)FoxP3(+) cells that emerge in coculture of cord blood (CB) CD34(+) progenitors on OP9-DL1 stroma. These hematopoietic progenitor-derived CD4(+)CD25(+) Tregs have comparable suppressor function with CB nTregs in vitro. The addition of IL-2 to the coculture enhanced the expansion and survival of this population significantly. This manipulable culture system, therefore, generates functional Tregs and provides a system to elucidate the mechanism of Treg development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathon F Hutton
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Discipline of Paediatrics, University of Adelaide, North Adelaide, South Australia 5006
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38
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Butcher CM, Hahn U, To LB, Gecz J, Wilkins EJ, Scott HS, Bardy PG, D'Andrea RJ. Two novel JAK2 exon 12 mutations in JAK2V617F-negative polycythaemia vera patients. Leukemia 2007; 22:870-3. [PMID: 17914411 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2404971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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39
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Hutton JF, Rozenkov V, Khor FSL, D'Andrea RJ, Lewis ID. Bone morphogenetic protein 4 contributes to the maintenance of primitive cord blood hematopoietic progenitors in an ex vivo stroma-noncontact co-culture system. Stem Cells Dev 2007; 15:805-13. [PMID: 17253944 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2006.15.805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Establishment of conditions supporting hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) maintenance and expansion ex vivo is critical for wider clinical application of cord blood (CB) transplantation. AFT024 is a murine fetal liver cell line that expands primitive hematopoietic cells via a process that is not understood. Here we show that bone morphogenic protein 4 (BMP4) is produced by AFT024 and contributes significantly to the maintenance of co-cultured CB-derived primitive cells. Significant amounts of BMP4 mRNA are produced by the supportive AFT024 stromal cell line, and secreted BMP4 protein accumulates in AFT024 conditioned medium. Blockade of BMP4 activity in this coculture model using neutralizing BMP4 monoclonal antibody reduced expansion of primitive CB cells on the basis of phenotypic (CD34(+)CD38(-)) and functional criteria [long-term culture initiating cells (LTC-IC)] and significantly reduced the capacity of the cultured CB stem cells to support repopulation in the nonobese diabetic-severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD-SCID) xenograft model. Therefore, BMP4 is a key growth factor for maintenance of HSC and contributes to the unique properties of the AFT024 stromal noncontact culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathon F Hutton
- Haematology and Oncology Program, Child Health Research Institute, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and the Schools of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health and Molecular and Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5006
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40
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Butcher CM, Hutton JF, Hahn U, To LB, Bardy P, Lewis I, D'Andrea RJ. Cellular origin and lineage specificity of the JAK2V617F allele in polycythemia vera. Blood 2007; 109:386-7. [PMID: 17190855 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2006-07-036426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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41
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Brown AL, Wilkinson CR, Waterman SR, Kok CH, Salerno DG, Diakiw SM, Reynolds B, Scott HS, Tsykin A, Glonek GF, Goodall GJ, Solomon PJ, Gonda TJ, D'Andrea RJ. Genetic regulators of myelopoiesis and leukemic signaling identified by gene profiling and linear modeling. J Leukoc Biol 2006; 80:433-47. [PMID: 16769770 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0206112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms controlling the balance between proliferation and self-renewal versus growth suppression and differentiation during normal and leukemic myelopoiesis are not understood. We have used the bi-potent FDB1 myeloid cell line model, which is responsive to myelopoietic cytokines and activated mutants of the granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) receptor, having differential signaling and leukemogenic activity. This model is suited to large-scale gene-profiling, and we have used a factorial time-course design to generate a substantial and powerful data set. Linear modeling was used to identify gene-expression changes associated with continued proliferation, differentiation, or leukemic receptor signaling. We focused on the changing transcription factor profile, defined a set of novel genes with potential to regulate myeloid growth and differentiation, and demonstrated that the FDB1 cell line model is responsive to forced expression of oncogenes identified in this study. We also identified gene-expression changes associated specifically with the leukemic GM-CSF receptor mutant, V449E. Signaling from this receptor mutant down-regulates CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPalpha) target genes and generates changes characteristic of a specific acute myeloid leukemia signature, defined previously by gene-expression profiling and associated with C/EBPalpha mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L Brown
- Haematology and Oncology Program, Child Health Research Institute, North Adelaide, South Australia
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42
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Abstract
Blood formation occurs throughout the life of an individual in a process driven by hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). The ability of bone marrow (BM) and cord blood (CB) HSC to undergo self-renewal and develop into multiple blood lineages has made these cells an important clinical resource. Transplantation with BM- and CB-derived HSCs is now used extensively for treatment of hematological disorders, malignancies, and immunodeficiencies. An understanding of the embryonic origin of HSC and the factors regulating their generation and expansion in vivo will provide important information for the manipulation of these cells ex vivo. This is critical for the further development of CB transplantation, the potential of which is limited by small numbers of HSC in the donor population. Although the origins of HSCs have become clearer and progress has been made in identifying genes that are critical for the formation and maintenance of HSCs, less is known about the signals that commit specific populations of mesodermal precursors to hematopoietic cell fate. Critical signals acting on these precursor cells are likely to be derived from visceral endoderm in yolk sac and from underlying stroma in the aorta-gonad-mesonephros region. Here we summarize briefly the origin of yolk sac and embryonic HSCs before detailing evidence that bone morphogenic protein-4 (BMP4) has a crucial role in Xenopus and mammalian HSC development. We discuss evidence that BMP4 acts as a hematopoietic growth factor and review its potential to modulate HSC in ex vivo expansion cultures from cord blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Sadlon
- Immunology Program, Child Health Research Institute, North Adelaide, South Australia
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43
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Abstract
The membrane-proximal cytoplasmic region of cytokine receptors (CRs) is highly conserved and essential for receptor activation. In particular this region is essential for the activation of members of the Janus family of protein kinases (JAK) which results in initiation of receptor signaling. We have examined the sequence of this region in a number of CR signaling and accessory subunits with a view to better delineating motifs that play an important role in initiating receptor activity. Here, we have delineated two distinct proline-rich motifs in the membrane-proximal domains of cytokine receptors. Their configuration and distribution among CR subunits strongly suggest a model in which the two motifs act in a concerted manner to induce full receptor and JAK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J D'Andrea
- Immunology Program, Child Health Research Institute, Adelaide Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, and Department of Paediatrics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
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44
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Brown AL, Peters M, D'Andrea RJ, Gonda TJ. Constitutive mutants of the GM-CSF receptor reveal multiple pathways leading to myeloid cell survival, proliferation, and granulocyte-macrophage differentiation. Blood 2003; 103:507-16. [PMID: 14504109 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2003-05-1435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) family of receptors promotes the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of cells of the myeloid compartment. Several signaling pathways are activated downstream of the receptor, however it is not clear how these induce specific biologic outcomes. We have previously identified 2 classes of constitutively active mutants of the shared signaling subunit, human (h) betac, of the human GM-CSF/interleukin-3 (IL-3)/IL-5 receptors that exhibit different modes of signaling. In a factor-dependent bipotential myeloid cell line, FDB1, an activated mutant containing a substitution in the transmembrane domain (V449E) induces factor-independent proliferation and survival, while mutants in the extracellular domain induce factor-independent granulocyte-macrophage differentiation. Here we have used further mutational analysis to demonstrate that there are nonredundant functions for several regions of the cytoplasmic domain with regard to mediating proliferation, viability, and differentiation, which have not been revealed by previous studies with the wild-type GM-CSF receptor. This unique lack of redundancy has revealed an association of a conserved membrane-proximal region with viability signaling and a critical but distinct role for tyrosine 577 in the activities of each class of mutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L Brown
- Child Health Research Institute, 72 King William Rd, North Adelaide, South Australia, 5006 Australia.
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45
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Pitson SM, Moretti PAB, Zebol JR, Zareie R, Derian CK, Darrow AL, Qi J, D'Andrea RJ, Bagley CJ, Vadas MA, Wattenberg BW. The nucleotide-binding site of human sphingosine kinase 1. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:49545-53. [PMID: 12393916 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m206687200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine kinase catalyzes the formation of sphingosine 1-phosphate, a lipid second messenger that has been implicated in a number of agonist-driven cellular responses including mitogenesis, anti-apoptosis, and expression of inflammatory molecules. Despite the importance of sphingosine kinase, very little is known regarding its structure or mechanism of catalysis. Moreover, sphingosine kinase does not contain recognizable catalytic or substrate-binding sites, based on sequence motifs found in other kinases. Here we have elucidated the nucleotide-binding site of human sphingosine kinase 1 (hSK1) through a combination of site-directed mutagenesis and affinity labeling with the ATP analogue, FSBA. We have shown that Gly(82) of hSK1 is involved in ATP binding since mutation of this residue to alanine resulted in an enzyme with an approximately 45-fold higher K(m)((ATP)). We have also shown that Lys(103) is important in catalysis since an alanine substitution of this residue ablates catalytic activity. Furthermore, we have shown that this residue is covalently modified by FSBA. Our data, combined with amino acid sequence comparison, suggest a motif of SGDGX(17-21)K is involved in nucleotide binding in the sphingosine kinases. This motif differs in primary sequence from all previously identified nucleotide-binding sites. It does, however, share some sequence and likely structural similarity with the highly conserved glycine-rich loop, which is known to be involved in anchoring and positioning the nucleotide in the catalytic site of many protein kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart M Pitson
- Hanson Institute, Division of Human Immunology, Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science, Frome Road, Adelaide SA 5000, Australia.
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46
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Blake TJ, Jenkins BJ, D'Andrea RJ, Gonda TJ. Functional cross-talk between cytokine receptors revealed by activating mutations in the extracellular domain of the beta-subunit of the GM-CSF receptor. J Leukoc Biol 2002; 72:1246-55. [PMID: 12488507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Several reports have suggested an interaction between the erythropoietin receptor (EpoR) and the shared signaling subunit (hbeta(c)) of the human granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin (IL)-3, and IL-5 receptors, although the functional consequences of this interaction are unclear. We previously showed that in vivo expression of constitutively active extracellular (EC) mutants of hbeta(c) induces erythrocytosis and Epo independence of erythroid colony-forming units (CFU-E). This occurs despite an apparent requirement of these mutants for the GM-CSF receptor alpha-subunit (GMRalpha), which is not expressed in CFU-E. Here, we show that coexpression of hbeta(c) EC mutants and EpoR in BaF-B03 cells, which lack GMRalpha, results in factor-independent proliferation and JAK2 activation. Mutant receptors that cannot activate JAK2 fail to produce a functional interaction. As there is no detectable phosphorylation of hbeta(c) on intracellular tyrosine residues, EpoR displays constitutive tyrosine phosphorylation. These observations suggest that JAK2 activation mediates cross-talk between EC mutants of hbeta(c) and EpoR. The implications of these data are discussed as are our findings that activated hbeta(c) mutants can functionally interact with certain other cytokine receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Blake
- Hanson Institute, Division of Human Immunology, Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science, Adelaide, South Australia
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47
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Xia P, Wang L, Moretti PAB, Albanese N, Chai F, Pitson SM, D'Andrea RJ, Gamble JR, Vadas MA. Sphingosine kinase interacts with TRAF2 and dissects tumor necrosis factor-alpha signaling. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:7996-8003. [PMID: 11777919 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111423200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) is one of the major mediators of TNF receptor superfamily transducing TNF signaling to various functional targets, including activation of NF-kappa B, JNK, and antiapoptosis. We investigated how TRAF2 mediates differentially the distinct downstream signals. We now report a novel mechanism of TRAF2-mediated signal transduction revealed by an association of TRAF2 with sphingosine kinase (SphK), a lipid kinase that is responsible for the production of sphingosine 1-phosphate. We identified a TRAF2-binding motif of SphK that mediated the interaction between TRAF2 and SphK resulting in the activation of the enzyme, which in turn is required for TRAF2-mediated activation of NF-kappa B but not JNK. In addition, by using a kinase inactive dominant-negative SphK and a mutant SphK that lacks TRAF2-binding motif we show that the interaction of TRAF2 with SphK and subsequent activation of SphK are critical for prevention of apoptosis during TNF stimulation. These findings show a role for SphK in the signal transduction by TRAF2 specifically leading to activation of NF-kappa B and antiapoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Xia
- Division of Human Immunology, The Hanson Institute, Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science and University of Adelaide, Frome Road, Adelaide SA 5000, Australia.
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48
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Abstract
Sphingosine kinase (SK) catalyses the formation of sphingosine 1-phosphate, a lipid second messenger that has been implicated in mediating such fundamental biological processes as cell growth and survival. Very little is currently known regarding the structure or mechanisms of catalysis and activation of SK. Here we have tested the functional importance of Gly(113), a highly conserved residue of human sphingosine kinase 1 (hSK), by site-directed mutagenesis. Surprisingly, a Gly(113)-->Ala substitution generated a mutant that had 1.7-fold greater catalytic activity than wild-type hSK (hSK(WT)). Our data suggests that the Gly(113)-->Ala mutation increases catalytic efficiency of hSK, probably by inducing a conformational change that increases the efficiency of phosphoryl transfer. Interestingly, hSK(G113A) activity could be stimulated in HEK293T cells by cell agonists to a comparable extent to hSK(WT).
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Pitson
- Hanson Centre for Cancer Research, Division of Human Immunology, Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science, Frome Road, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
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49
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Abstract
We have isolated a previously unknown human homeobox-containing cDNA, VENT-like homeobox-2 (VENTX2), using PCR with a bone marrow cDNA library and primers designed from the VENTX1 (alias HPX42) homeobox sequence. Here we describe the molecular cloning, chromosomal localization to 10q26.3, and functional analysis of this gene. The 2.4-kb human VENTX2 cDNA encoded a protein with a predicted molecular weight of 28 kDa containing a homeodomain with 65% identity to the Xenopus laevis ventralizing gene Xvent2B. VENTX2 antisera detected a 28-kDa protein in cells transfected with a VENTX2 expression construct, in a human erythroleukemic cell line and in bone marrow samples obtained from patients in recovery phase after chemotherapy. The similarity of the homeodomains from VENTX2 and the X. laevis Vent gene family places them in the same homeodomain class. Consistent with this structural classification, overexpression of VENTX2 in zebrafish embryos led to anterior truncations and failure to form a notochord, which are characteristics of ventralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Moretti
- Human Immunology Division and Hanson Centre for Cancer Research, Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
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Jones KL, Bagley CJ, Butcher C, Barry SC, Vadas MA, D'Andrea RJ. Peptide insertions in domain 4 of hbeta(c), the shared signalling receptor subunit for GM-CSF, IL3 and IL5, induce ligand-independent activation. Cytokine 2001; 14:303-15. [PMID: 11497491 DOI: 10.1006/cyto.2001.0913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A mutant form of the common beta-subunit of the GM-CSF, interleukin-3 (IL3) and IL5 receptors is activated by a 37 residue duplicated segment which includes the WSXWS motif and an adjacent, highly conserved, aliphatic/basic element. Haemopoietic expression of this mutant, hbeta(c)FIDelta, in mice leads to myeloproliferative disease. To examine the mechanism of activation of this mutant we targetted the two conserved motifs in each repeat for mutagenesis. Here we show that this mutant exhibits constitutive activity in BaF-B03 cells in the presence of mouse or human GM-CSF receptor alpha-subunit (GMRalpha) and this activity is disrupted by mutations of the conserved motifs in the first repeat. In the presence of these mutations the receptor reverts to an alternative conformation which retains responsiveness to human IL3 in a CTLL cell line co-expressing the human IL3 receptor alpha-subunit (hIL3Ralpha). Remarkably, the activated conformation is maintained in the presence of substitutions, deletions or replacement of the second repeat. This suggests that activation occurs due to insertion of extra sequence after the WSXWS motif and is not dependent on the length or specific sequence of the insertion. Thus hbeta(c) displays an ability to fold into functional receptor conformations given insertion of up to 37 residues in the membrane-proximal region. Constitutive activation most likely results from a specific conformational change which alters a dormant, inactive receptor complex, permitting functional association with GMRalpha and ligand-independent mitogenic signalling.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Cell Division
- Cell Line
- Conserved Sequence
- DNA, Complementary/metabolism
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Humans
- Interleukin-3/pharmacology
- Ligands
- Mice
- Models, Molecular
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Mutagenesis
- Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
- Mutation
- Peptides/chemistry
- Protein Binding
- Protein Structure, Tertiary
- Receptors, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/chemistry
- Receptors, Interleukin/chemistry
- Receptors, Interleukin-3/chemistry
- Receptors, Interleukin-5
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Signal Transduction
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Jones
- Division of Human Immunology, Institute of Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Frome Road, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000
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