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Edanami N, Belal RSI, Takenaka S, Yoshiba K, Gutierrez REB, Takahara S, Yoshiba N, Ohkura N, Noiri Y. In Vivo Assessment of the Calcium Salt-Forming Ability of a New Calcium Silicate-Based Intracanal Medicament: Bio-C Temp. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:dj11040091. [PMID: 37185469 PMCID: PMC10137445 DOI: 10.3390/dj11040091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium salt precipitation induced by intracanal medicaments contributes to the formation of apical hard tissue during apexification. This study compared the calcium salt-forming ability of a new calcium silicate-based intracanal medicament (Bio-C Temp) with that of two commercial calcium hydroxide pastes (Calcipex Plane II and Vitapex) in a rat subcutaneous implantation model. Polytetrafluoroethylene tubes containing each of the three materials were subcutaneously implanted in 4-week-old male Wistar rats. After 28 days, the composition and amount of calcium salts formed at the material–tissue interface were assessed using micro-Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and elemental mapping. The tested materials produced white precipitates that had Raman spectra with peaks corresponding to hydroxyapatite and calcite. X-ray diffraction detected hydroxyapatite formation on Calcipex Plane II and Vitapex implants, as well as calcite formation on all three materials. Elemental mapping revealed that Bio-C Temp generated significantly smaller calcium- and phosphorus-rich calcified regions within the subcutaneous connective tissue than Vitapex. These results indicate that Bio-C Temp produced less calcium salt in rat subcutaneous tissue than Vitapex, although all materials formed hydroxyapatite and calcite in rat subcutaneous tissue. Bio-C Temp could be less effective than Vitapex in promoting apical hard tissue formation during apexification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Edanami
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Razi Saifullah Ibn Belal
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Shoji Takenaka
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Yoshiba
- Division of Oral Science for Health Promotion, Department of Oral Health and Welfare, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Rosa Edith Baldeon Gutierrez
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Shintaro Takahara
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Nagako Yoshiba
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Naoto Ohkura
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Noiri
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
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Florimond M, Minic S, Sharpe P, Chaussain C, Renard E, Boukpessi T. Modulators of Wnt Signaling Pathway Implied in Dentin Pulp Complex Engineering: A Literature Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810582. [PMID: 36142496 PMCID: PMC9502831 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The main goal of vital pulp therapy (VPT) is to preserve the vitality of the pulp tissue, even when it is exposed due to bacterial invasion, iatrogenic mechanical preparation, or trauma. The type of new dentin formed as a result of VPT can differ in its cellular origin, its microstructure, and its barrier function. It is generally agreed that the new dentin produced by odontoblasts (reactionary dentin) has a tubular structure, while the dentin produced by pulp cells (reparative dentin) does not or has less. Thus, even VPT aims to maintain the vitality of the pulp. It does not regenerate the dentin pulp complex integrity. Therefore, many studies have sought to identify new therapeutic strategies to successfully regenerate the dentin pulp complex. Among them is a Wnt protein-based strategy based on the fact that Wnt proteins seem to be powerful stem cell factors that allow control of the self-renewal and proliferation of multiple adult stem cell populations, suitable for homeostasis maintenance, tissue healing, and regeneration promotion. Thus, this review outlines the different agents targeting the Wnt signaling that could be applied in a tooth environment, and could be a potential therapy for dentin pulp complex and bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Florimond
- Laboratory of Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, School of Dentistry, Laboratoire d’Excellence INFLAMEX, Université Paris Cité, URP 2496, 1 Rue Maurice Arnoux, 92120 Montrouge, France
- Dental Department, Charles Foix Hospital, AP-HP, 94200 Ivry sur Seine, France
| | - Sandra Minic
- Laboratory of Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, School of Dentistry, Laboratoire d’Excellence INFLAMEX, Université Paris Cité, URP 2496, 1 Rue Maurice Arnoux, 92120 Montrouge, France
| | - Paul Sharpe
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Catherine Chaussain
- Laboratory of Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, School of Dentistry, Laboratoire d’Excellence INFLAMEX, Université Paris Cité, URP 2496, 1 Rue Maurice Arnoux, 92120 Montrouge, France
- Dental Department, and Reference Center for Rare Diseases of Calcium and Phosphorus Metabolism, Bretonneau Hospital, AP-HP, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Renard
- Inserm, UMR 1229, RMeS, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, Nantes Université, ONIRIS, 44000 Nantes, France
- CHU de Nantes, Service d’Odontologie Restauratrice et Chirurgicale, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Tchilalo Boukpessi
- Laboratory of Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, School of Dentistry, Laboratoire d’Excellence INFLAMEX, Université Paris Cité, URP 2496, 1 Rue Maurice Arnoux, 92120 Montrouge, France
- Dental Department, Pitié Salpétrière Hospital, DMU CHIR, AP-HP, 75013 Paris, France
- Correspondence:
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Elmsmari F, González Sánchez JA, Duran-Sindreu F, Belkadi R, Espina M, García ML, Sánchez-López E. Calcium hydroxide-loaded PLGA biodegradable nanoparticles as an intracanal medicament. Int Endod J 2021; 54:2086-2098. [PMID: 34355406 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM To develop a formulation in which calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂) was successfully loaded into poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) biodegradable nanoparticles (NPs) to be used in the field of endodontics as an intracanal medicament, including NP optimization and characterization, plus drug release profile of the NPs compared with free Ca(OH)₂. Additionally, the depth and area of penetration of the NPs inside the dentinal tubules of extracted teeth were compared with those of the free Ca(OH)₂. METHODOLOGY Ca(OH)₂ NPs were prepared using the solvent displacement method. NPs was optimized with a central composite design to obtain a final optimized formulation. The morphology of the NPs was examined under transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and characterization was carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The drug release profile of the Ca(OH)₂ NPs and free Ca(OH)₂ was evaluated up to 48 h. Finally, the depth and area of penetration inside the dentinal tubules of extracted teeth were examined for both the Ca(OH)₂ NPs and free Ca(OH)₂ using the Mann-Whitney U test to determine any significant differences. RESULTS Utilizing the optimized formulation, the Ca(OH)₂ NPs had an average size below 200 nm and polydispersity index lower than 0.2, along with a highly negative zeta potential and suitable entrapment efficiency percentage. The spherical morphology of the Ca(OH)₂ NPs was confirmed using TEM. The results of the XRD, FTIR and DSC revealed no interactions and confirmed that the drug was encapsulated inside the NPs. The drug release profile of the Ca(OH)₂ NPs exhibited a prolonged steady release that remained stable up to 48 h with higher concentrations than the free Ca(OH)₂. After examination by confocal laser scanning microscopy, Ca(OH)₂ NPs had a significantly greater depth and area of penetration inside dentinal tubules compared with the free drug. CONCLUSIONS Ca(OH)₂-loaded PLGA NPs were successfully optimized and characterized. The NPs exhibited a prolonged drug release profile and superior penetration inside dentinal tubules of extracted teeth when compared to Ca(OH)2 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Firas Elmsmari
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Fernando Duran-Sindreu
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roumaissa Belkadi
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Espina
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Luisa García
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Networking Research Centre of Neurodegenerative Disease (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Juan Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Sánchez-López
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Networking Research Centre of Neurodegenerative Disease (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Juan Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Katsamakis S, Slot DE, Van der Sluis LWM, Van der Weijden F. Histological responses of the periodontium to MTA: a systematic review. J Clin Periodontol 2013; 40:334-44. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Revised: 12/01/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sokratis Katsamakis
- Department of Periodontology; Academic Center for Dentistry (ACTA); University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Dagmar Else Slot
- Department of Periodontology; Academic Center for Dentistry (ACTA); University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Luc W. M. Van der Sluis
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Paul Sabatier University; Toulouse France
| | - Fridus Van der Weijden
- Department of Periodontology; Academic Center for Dentistry (ACTA); University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Clinic for Periodontology; Utrecht The Netherlands
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Sangwan P, Sangwan A, Duhan J, Rohilla A. Tertiary dentinogenesis with calcium hydroxide: a review of proposed mechanisms. Int Endod J 2012; 46:3-19. [PMID: 22889347 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2012.02101.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2011] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Calcium hydroxide has been used extensively in dentistry for a century. Despite its widespread use as a pulp-capping agent, its mechanisms of action still remain ambiguous. Understanding its modes of action will lead to a broader understanding of the mechanisms associated with induced dentinogenesis and help in optimizing the currently available agents to target specific regenerative processes to obtain the best possible clinical outcomes. A literature search relating to mechanisms of dentinogenesis of calcium hydroxide up to December 2011 was carried out using pubmed and MEDLINE database searches as well as manual searching of cross-references from identified studies. Resulting suggestions regarding dentinogenic mechanisms of calcium hydroxide range from direct irritating action of the material to induction of release of biologically active molecules. The purpose of this article is to discuss various mechanisms through which calcium hydroxide may induce tertiary dentinogenesis in the light of observations made in included studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sangwan
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Government Dental College, Pt. B.D. Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India.
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Gupta A, Sinha N, Logani A, Shah N. An ex vivo study to evaluate the remineralizing and antimicrobial efficacy of silver diamine fluoride and glass ionomer cement type VII for their proposed use as indirect pulp capping materials - Part I. J Conserv Dent 2011; 14:113-6. [PMID: 21814348 PMCID: PMC3146099 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.82603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2010] [Revised: 12/28/2010] [Accepted: 01/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Indirect pulp capping (IPC) preserves the pulp vitality by disinfecting and remineralizing remaining carious dentin. In the present study, glass ionomer (GC, FUJI VII) and silver diamine fluoride (SDF) were tested and compared to calcium hydroxide for their antimicrobial efficacy and remineralizing potential. MATERIALS AND METHODS Dentin disks prepared from 45 freshly extracted first premolars were divided into three groups (n = 15). Each disk was cut into two equal parts, in which one half formed the control. Thirty dentin samples were used for ion estimation and the other 15 for microhardness testing. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry, colorimetric and potentiometric titration analyses were performed for calcium, phosphate and fluoride ion detection, respectively. The antimicrobial efficacy was analyzed using pure culture of Streptococcus mutans and mixed flora. RESULTS Increase in the levels of calcium and phosphate ions was the highest in calcium hydroxide group. Both SDF and GC VII groups showed significant increase in fluoride ion levels. Samples treated with GC VII showed maximum increase in micro hardness. The highest zone of bacterial inhibition was found with SDF group. CONCLUSIONS This in vitro study documented the remineralizing, re-hardening and antimicrobial efficacy of both SDF and GC VII and hence can act as effective IPC materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gupta
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Baek SH, Plenk H, Kim S. Periapical Tissue Responses and Cementum Regeneration with Amalgam, SuperEBA, and MTA as Root-End Filling Materials. J Endod 2005; 31:444-9. [PMID: 15917684 DOI: 10.1097/01.don.0000148145.81366.a5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the periapical tissue responses and cementum regeneration in response to three widely used root-end filling materials, amalgam, SuperEBA, and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA). These materials were placed using modern microsurgical techniques on endodontically treated dog premolars and molars. After 5 months, the cell and tissue reactions of surface-stained un-decalcified ground sections were evaluated by light microscopy and statistically analyzed. The major difference in the tissue responses to the three retrofilling materials were the degree of inflammation and types of inflammatory cells, number of fibrous capsule formations, cementum neoformation over these materials, osseous healing and resulting periodontal ligament thickness. MTA showed the most favorable periapical tissue response, with neoformation of cemental coverage over MTA. SuperEBA was superior to amalgam as a root-end filling material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Ho Baek
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Korea
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Tziafas D, Pantelidou O, Alvanou A, Belibasakis G, Papadimitriou S. The dentinogenic effect of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) in short-term capping experiments. Int Endod J 2002; 35:245-54. [PMID: 11985676 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2591.2002.00471.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM The objective of the present experiment was to study the early pulpal cell response and the onset of reparative dentine formation after capping application of MTA in mechanically exposed pulps. METHODOLOGY Thirty-three teeth from three dogs, 12-18 months of age were mechanically exposed via class V cavities. Light pressure was applied to control haemorrhage. ProRoot MTA (Dentsply Simfra, Paris) was placed at the exposure site and light pressure was applied with a wet cotton pellet. The cavities were restored with amalgam and the pulpal tissue reactions were assessed by light and electron microscopy (transmission and scanning) after healing intervals of 1, 2 or 3 weeks. RESULTS A homogenous zone of crystalline structures was initially found along the pulp-MTA interface, whilst pulpal cells showing changes in their cytological and functional state were arranged in close proximity to the crystals. Deposition of hard tissue of osteotypic form was found in all teeth in direct contact with the capping material and the associated crystalline structures. Formation of reparative dentine (tubular matrix formation in a polar predentine-like pattern by elongated polarized cells) was consistently related to a firm osteodentinal zone. CONCLUSIONS The present experiments indicate that MTA is an effective pulp-capping material, able to stimulate reparative dentine formation by the stereotypic defensive mechanism of early pulpal wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Tziafas
- Department of Endodontology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Study on the Effect of Magnetized Water in the Precipitation Reaction of Salts and in the Hydration Hardening Speed of Gympsum Plaster. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY-DAEHAN HWAHAK HOE JEE 2002. [DOI: 10.5012/jkcs.2002.46.1.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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