1
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Qiao J, Liu H, Wang S. Access to Indole-Annulated Medium-Sized Lactams through Protonation/Deuteration-Induced Ring-Opening of Spiroindolines. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:25049-25061. [PMID: 34604684 PMCID: PMC8482774 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A protocol has been developed to access indole-annulated eight- and nine-membered lactams through protonation-induced ring-opening of spiroindolines, which are dearomative Heck products of tetrahydro-β-carbolines or hexahydroazepino[3,4-b]indoles. Brønsted acids and nucleophiles were explored and compared in the transformation. A combination of deuterated hydrochloride and deuterated methanol enables deuterative ring-opening of spiroindolines to afford medium-sized lactam diastereoisomers with a deuterium content ratio around 1:1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Qiao
- State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of
Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huili Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics,
National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Innovation Academy
for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Shaozhong Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of
Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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2
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TUFT1 Facilitates Metastasis, Stemness, and Vincristine Resistance in Colorectal Cancer via Activation of PI3K/AKT Pathway. Biochem Genet 2021; 59:1018-1032. [PMID: 33634374 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-021-10051-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Since the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC) are increasing in recent years, the research on the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer has attracted more and more attention. Here, our results confirmed that the mRNA expression level and proteins accumulation of TUFT1 were significantly increased in CRC tissues from late-stage CRC patients (III + IV) (p < 0.001), indicated by qPCR and IHC assay. The TUFT1 expression was positively correlated with tumor stage by analyzing 126 specimens from CRC patients. Next, we found that up-regulation of TUFT1 enhanced the migration and invasion of LoVo cells, whereas the down-regulation of TUFT1 observably weakened the migration and invasion of SW837 cells, indicating that TUFT1 promotes the metastasis of CRC cells. In addition, TUFT1 overexpression increased the number of mammary spheres and vincristine resistance of LoVo cells by sphere formation assay and measuring the IC50 value, suggesting the TUFT1 promotes stemness and the vincristine resistance of CRC cells. Finally, we found that TUFT1 overexpression increased p-AKT in LoVo cells, while down-regulation of TUFT1 decreased the p-AKT levels in SW837 cells. Therefore, we determined that the function of TUFT1 in CRC depends on PI3K/AKT pathway. Taken together, these data demonstrated that TUFI1 facilitates metastasis, stemness, and vincristine resistance of colorectal cancer cells via activation of PI3K/AKT pathway, which might act as a promising therapeutic target for CRC.
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3
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Reprogramming plant specialized metabolism by manipulating protein kinases. ABIOTECH 2021; 2:226-239. [PMID: 34377580 PMCID: PMC8209778 DOI: 10.1007/s42994-021-00053-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Being sessile, plants have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to balance between growth and defense to survive in the harsh environment. The transition from growth to defense is commonly achieved by factors, such as protein kinases (PKs) and transcription factors, that initiate signal transduction and regulate specialized metabolism. Plants produce an array of lineage-specific specialized metabolites for chemical defense and stress tolerance. Some of these molecules are also used by humans as drugs. However, many of these defense-responsive metabolites are toxic to plant cells and inhibitory to growth and development. Plants have, thus, evolved complex regulatory networks to balance the accumulation of the toxic metabolites. Perception of external stimuli is a vital part of the regulatory network. Protein kinase-mediated signaling activates a series of defense responses by phosphorylating the target proteins and translating the stimulus into downstream cellular signaling. As biosynthesis of specialized metabolites is triggered when plants perceive stimuli, a possible connection between PKs and specialized metabolism is well recognized. However, the roles of PKs in plant specialized metabolism have not received much attention until recently. Here, we summarize the recent advances in understanding PKs in plant specialized metabolism. We aim to highlight how the stimulatory signals are transduced, leading to the biosynthesis of corresponding metabolites. We discuss the post-translational regulation of specialized metabolism and provide insights into the mechanisms by which plants respond to the external signals. In addition, we propose possible strategies to increase the production of plant specialized metabolites in biotechnological applications using PKs.
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4
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Song Y, Yang J, Yu J, Li J, Yuan J, Wong NK, Ju J. Chlorinated bis-indole alkaloids from deep-sea derived Streptomyces sp. SCSIO 11791 with antibacterial and cytotoxic activities. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2020; 73:542-547. [PMID: 32332871 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-020-0307-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Two new chlorinated bis-indole alkaloids, dionemycin (1) and 6-OMe-7',7″-dichorochromopyrrolic acid (2), along with seven known analogs 3-9, were isolated from the deep-sea derived Streptomyces sp. SCSIO 11791. Their structures were elucidated by extensive HRESIMS, and 1D and 2D NMR data analysis. In vitro antibacterial and cytotoxic assays revealed that, compound 1, shows anti-staphylococcal activity with an MIC range of 1-2 μg/mL against six clinic strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from human and pig. Additionally, compound 1 displayed cytotoxic activity against human cancer cell lines NCI-H460, MDA-MB-231, HCT-116, HepG2, and noncancerous MCF10A with an IC50 range of 3.1-11.2 μM. Analysis of the structure-activity relationship reveals that the chlorine atom at C-6″ could be pivotal for conferring their bioactivities, thus providing hints on chemical modifications on bis-indole alkaloid scaffold in drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiang Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, China.,College of Oceanology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiafan Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, China.,College of Oceanology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jianchen Yu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jie Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, China.,College of Oceanology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Nai-Kei Wong
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Jianhua Ju
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, China. .,College of Oceanology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China.
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5
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Gabriel P, Gregory AW, Dixon DJ. Iridium-Catalyzed Aza-Spirocyclization of Indole-Tethered Amides: An Interrupted Pictet–Spengler Reaction. Org Lett 2019; 21:6658-6662. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Gabriel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Alex W. Gregory
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Darren J. Dixon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
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6
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Effect of abiotic elicitation and pathway precursors feeding over terpenoid indole alkaloids production in multiple shoot and callus cultures of Catharanthus roseus. Biologia (Bratisl) 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-019-00202-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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7
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Hagihara S, Hanaya K, Sugai T, Shoji M. Syntheses of Englerin A, a Potent Renal Cancer Inhibitor. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Hagihara
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesKeio University 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku Tokyo 105-8512 Japan
| | - Kengo Hanaya
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesKeio University 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku Tokyo 105-8512 Japan
| | - Takeshi Sugai
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesKeio University 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku Tokyo 105-8512 Japan
| | - Mitsuru Shoji
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesKeio University 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku Tokyo 105-8512 Japan
- Department Pharmaceutical SciencesYokohama University of Pharmacy 601 Matano-cho, Totsuka-ku Yokohama 245-0066 Japan
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8
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Synthesis of Bisindole Alkaloids from the Apocynaceae Which Contain a Macroline or Sarpagine Unit: A Review. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21111525. [PMID: 27854259 PMCID: PMC5214337 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21111525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisindole natural products consist of two monomeric indole alkaloid units as their obligate constituents. Bisindoles are more potent with respect to their biological activity than their corresponding monomeric units. In addition, the synthesis of bisindoles are far more challenging than the synthesis of monomeric indole alkaloids. Herein is reviewed the enantiospecific total and partial synthesis of bisindole alkaloids isolated primarily from the Alstonia genus of the Apocynaceae family. The monomeric units belong to the sarpagine, ajmaline, macroline, vobasine, and pleiocarpamine series. An up-to-date discussion of their isolation, characterization, biological activity as well as approaches to their partial and total synthesis by means of both synthetic and biosynthetic strategies are presented.
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9
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White LV, Banwell MG. Conversion of the Enzymatically Derived (1S,2S)-3-Bromocyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-diol into Enantiomerically Pure Compounds Embodying the Pentacyclic Framework of Vindoline. J Org Chem 2016; 81:1617-26. [PMID: 26788805 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The enzymatically derived and enantiomerically pure (1S,2S)-3-bromocyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-diol (7) has been elaborated over 17 steps into compounds 8 and 32, each of which embodies the pentacyclic framework and much of the functionality associated with the alkaloid vindoline (3). This work sets the stage for effecting the conversion of the related metabolite (1S,6R)-5-ethyl-1,6-dihydroxycyclohexa-2,4-diene-1-carboxylic acid (4) into compound 3, the latter being a biogenetic precursor to the clinically significant anticancer agents vinblastine and vincristine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo V White
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University , Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Martin G Banwell
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University , Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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10
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Sears JE, Barker TJ, Boger DL. Total Synthesis of (-)-Vindoline and (+)-4-epi-Vindoline Based on a 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Tandem Intramolecular [4 + 2]/[3 + 2] Cycloaddition Cascade Initiated by an Allene Dienophile. Org Lett 2015; 17:5460-3. [PMID: 26457536 PMCID: PMC4636949 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
It is reported that an allene dienophile can initiate a tandem intramolecular [4 + 2]/[3 + 2] cycloaddition cascade of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles, that the intermediate cross-conjugated 1,3-dipole (a carbonyl ylide) can participate in an ensuing [3 + 2] dipolar cycloaddition in a remarkably effective manner, and that the reaction can be implemented to provide the core pentacyclic ring system of vindoline. Its discovery improves a previous total synthesis of (-)-vindoline and was used in a total synthesis of (+)-4-epi-vindoline and (+)-4-epi-vinblastine that additionally enlists an alternative series of late-stage transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin E. Sears
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Timothy J. Barker
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Dale L. Boger
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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11
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Beatty JW, Stephenson CRJ. Synthesis of (-)-pseudotabersonine, (-)-pseudovincadifformine, and (+)-coronaridine enabled by photoredox catalysis in flow. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:10270-3. [PMID: 25003992 PMCID: PMC4233208 DOI: 10.1021/ja506170g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Natural product modification with photoredox catalysis allows for mild, chemoselective access to a wide array of related structures in complex areas of chemical space, providing the possibility for novel structural motifs as well as useful quantities of less abundant congeners. While amine additives have been used extensively as stoichiometric electron donors for photocatalysis, the controlled modification of amine substrates through single-electron oxidation is ideal for the synthesis and modification of alkaloids. Here, we report the conversion of the amine (+)-catharanthine into the natural products (-)-pseudotabersonine, (-)-pseudovincadifformine, and (+)-coronaridine utilizing visible light photoredox catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel W. Beatty
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United
States
| | - Corey R. J. Stephenson
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United
States
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12
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Campbell EL, Skepper CK, Sankar K, Duncan KK, Boger DL. Transannular Diels-Alder/1,3-dipolar cycloaddition cascade of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles: total synthesis of a unique set of vinblastine analogues. Org Lett 2013; 15:5306-9. [PMID: 24087969 DOI: 10.1021/ol402549n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A powerful tandem [4 + 2]/[3 + 2] cycloaddition cascade of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles initiated by a transannular [4 + 2] cycloaddition is detailed. An impressive four rings, four carbon-carbon bonds, and six stereocenters are set on each site of the newly formed central six-membered ring in a cascade thermal reaction that proceeds at temperatures as low as 80 °C. The resulting cycloadducts provide the basis for the synthesis of unique analogues of vinblastine containing metabolically benign deep-seated cyclic modifications at the C3/C4 centers of the vindoline-derived subunit of the natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica L Campbell
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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13
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Duan Y, Chen M, Ye Z, Wang D, Chen Q, Zhou Y. An Enantioselective Approach to 2,3‐Disubstituted Indolines through Consecutive Brønsted Acid/Pd‐Complex‐Promoted Tandem Reactions. Chemistry 2011; 17:7193-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201100576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Duan
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023 (P.R. China), Fax: (+86) 411‐84379220
| | - Mu‐Wang Chen
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023 (P.R. China), Fax: (+86) 411‐84379220
| | - Zhi‐Shi Ye
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023 (P.R. China), Fax: (+86) 411‐84379220
| | - Duo‐Sheng Wang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023 (P.R. China), Fax: (+86) 411‐84379220
| | - Qing‐An Chen
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023 (P.R. China), Fax: (+86) 411‐84379220
| | - Yong‐Gui Zhou
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023 (P.R. China), Fax: (+86) 411‐84379220
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14
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Va P, Campbell EL, Robertson WM, Boger DL. Total synthesis and evaluation of a key series of C5-substituted vinblastine derivatives. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:8489-95. [PMID: 20518465 PMCID: PMC2903230 DOI: 10.1021/ja1027748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A remarkably concise seven- to eight-step total synthesis of a systematic series of key vinblastine derivatives is detailed and used to characterize the importance and probe the role of the C5 ethyl substituent (R = H, Me, Pr, CH=CH(2), C[triple bond]CH, CH(2)OH, and CHO vs Et). The analogues, which bear deep-seated structural changes accessible only by total synthesis, were prepared using a powerful intramolecular [4 + 2]/[3 + 2] cycloaddition cascade of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles ideally suited for use in the assemblage of the vindoline-derived lower subunit followed by their incorporation into the vinblastine analogues through the use of a single-step biomimetic coupling with catharanthine. The evaluation of the series revealed that the tubulin binding site surrounding this C5 substituent is exquisitely sensitive to the presence (Et > H, 10-fold), size (Me < or = Et > Pr, 10-fold), shape (Et > CH=CH(2) and C[triple bond]CH, > 4-fold), and polarity (Et > CHO > CH(2)OH, >10-20-fold) of this substituent and that on selected occasions only a C5 methyl group may provide analogues that approach the activity observed with the naturally occurring C5 ethyl group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Porino Va
- Department of Chemistry and the Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology,
The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla,
California 92037
| | - Erica L. Campbell
- Department of Chemistry and the Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology,
The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla,
California 92037
| | - William M. Robertson
- Department of Chemistry and the Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology,
The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla,
California 92037
| | - Dale L. Boger
- Department of Chemistry and the Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology,
The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla,
California 92037
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15
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Abstract
A concise asymmetric total synthesis of (-)-vindoline (1) is detailed based on a tandem intramolecular [4+2]/[3+2] cycloaddition cascade of a 1,3,4-oxadiazole inspired by the natural product structure, in which the tether linking the initiating dienophile and oxadiazole bears a chiral substituent that controls the facial selectivity of the initiating Diels-Alder reaction and sets absolute stereochemistry of the remaining six stereocenters in the cascade cycloadduct. This key reaction introduces three rings and four C-C bonds central to the pentacyclic ring system setting all six stereocenters and introducing essentially all the functionality found in the natural product in a single step. Implementation of the approach also required the development of a unique ring expansion reaction to provide a six-membered ring suitably functionalized for introduction of the Delta (6, 7)-double bond found in the core structure of vindoline and defined our use of a protected hydroxymethyl group as the substituent used to control the stereochemical course of the cycloaddition cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Kato
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Yoshikazu Sasaki
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Dale L. Boger
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
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16
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Shao Y, Zhang HK, Ding H, Quan HT, Lou LG, Hu LH. Synthesis and structure-activity relationship studies of cytotoxic anhydrovinblastine amide derivatives. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2009; 72:1170-1177. [PMID: 19499938 DOI: 10.1021/np900157t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A series of 3-demethoxycarbonyl-3-amide methyl anhydrovinblastine derivatives (5b-24b) was designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their proliferation inhibition activities against two tumor cell lines (A549 and HeLa). Most of the amide anhydrovinblastine derivatives exhibited potent cytotoxicity, with the size of the introduced substituents being the foremost factor in determining the resultant cytotoxic activity. Test results in vivo against sarcoma 180 of three potent compounds (6b, 12b, and 24b) indicated that the introduction of an amide group at the 22-position of anhydrovinblastine (1e) improved both potency and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Shao
- Shanghai Research Center for the Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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17
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Ishikawa H, Colby DA, Seto S, Va P, Tam A, Kakei H, Rayl TJ, Hwang I, Boger DL. Total synthesis of vinblastine, vincristine, related natural products, and key structural analogues. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:4904-16. [PMID: 19292450 PMCID: PMC2727944 DOI: 10.1021/ja809842b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Full details of the development of a direct coupling of catharanthine with vindoline to provide vinblastine are described along with key mechanistic and labeling studies. Following an Fe(III)-promoted coupling reaction initiated by generation of a presumed catharanthine radical cation that undergoes a subsequent oxidative fragmentation and diastereoselective coupling with vindoline, addition of the resulting reaction mixture to an Fe(III)-NaBH(4)/air solution leads to oxidation of the C15'-C20' double bond and reduction of the intermediate iminium ion directly providing vinblastine (40-43%) and leurosidine (20-23%), its naturally occurring C20' alcohol isomer. The yield of coupled products, which exclusively possess the natural C16' stereochemistry, approaches or exceeds 80% and the combined yield of the isomeric C20' alcohols is >60%. Preliminary studies of Fe(III)-NaBH(4)/air oxidation reaction illustrate a generalizable trisubstituted olefin scope, identify alternatives to O(2) trap at the oxidized carbon, provide a unique entry into C20' functionalized vinblastines, and afford initial insights into the observed C20' diastereoselectivity. The first disclosure of the use of exo-catharanthine proceeding through Delta(19',20')-anhydrovinblastine in such coupling reactions is also detailed with identical stereochemical consequences. Incorporating either a catharanthine N-methyl group or a vindoline N-formyl group precludes Fe(III)-promoted coupling, whereas the removal of the potentially key C16 methoxy group of vindoline does not adversely impact the coupling efficiency. Extension of these studies provided a total synthesis of vincristine (2) via N-desmethylvinblastine (36, also a natural product), 16-desmethoxyvinblastine (44) and 4-desacetoxy-16-desmethoxyvinblastine (47) both of which we can now suggest are likely natural products produced by C. roseus, desacetylvinblastine (62) and 4-desacetoxyvinblastine (59), as well as a series of key analogues bearing systematic modifications in the vindoline subunit. Their biological evaluation provided additional insights into the key functionality within the vindoline subunit contributing to the activity and sets the foundation on which further, more deep-seated changes in the structures of 1 and 2 will be explored in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Ishikawa
- Department of Chemistry and the Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - David A. Colby
- Department of Chemistry and the Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Shigeki Seto
- Department of Chemistry and the Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Porino Va
- Department of Chemistry and the Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Annie Tam
- Department of Chemistry and the Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Hiroyuki Kakei
- Department of Chemistry and the Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Thomas J. Rayl
- Department of Chemistry and the Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Inkyu Hwang
- Department of Chemistry and the Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Dale L. Boger
- Department of Chemistry and the Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
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18
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dale L. Boger
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute
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19
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Kinghorn AA, Farnsworth NN, Beecher CWW, Soejarto DD, Cordell GG, Pezzuto JJ, Wall MM, Wani MM, Brown DD, O'neill MM, Lewis JJ, Besterman JJ. Novel Strategies for Plant-Derived Anticancer Agents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.3109/13880209509067087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. A. Kinghorn
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - N. N. Farnsworth
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - C. W. W. Beecher
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - D. D. Soejarto
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - G. G. Cordell
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - J. J. Pezzuto
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - M. M. Wall
- Chemistry and Life Sciences Division, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - M. M. Wani
- Chemistry and Life Sciences Division, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - D. D. Brown
- Chemistry and Life Sciences Division, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - M. M. O'neill
- Biotechnology, The Glaxo Wellcome Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Herts, SGI 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - J. J. Lewis
- Biotechnology, The Glaxo Wellcome Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Herts, SGI 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - J. J. Besterman
- Department of Cell Biology, Glaxo Wellcome Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
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20
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Zhang HK, Shao Y, Ding H, Hu LH. Synthesis and structure-activity relationship studies of cytotoxic ester and ether anhydrovinblastine derivatives. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2008; 71:1669-1676. [PMID: 18771244 DOI: 10.1021/np800284h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Two new series of 3-demethoxycarbonyl-3-ester and 3-demethoxycarbonyl-3-ether methyl anhydrovinblastine derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their inhibitory activities against human non-small-cell lung cancer (A549) and cervical epithelial adenocarcinoma (HeLa) cell lines. Ester anhydrovinblastine derivatives exhibited potent cytotoxicity, whereas the ether analogues were much less active. The size of the introduced substituents was the foremost factor in determining the resultant cytotoxic activity. Compound 12b showed a similar cytotoxic potency to the positive control, anhydrovinblastine (1a).
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Kun Zhang
- Shanghai Research Center for the Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
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21
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Ishikawa H, Colby DA, Boger DL. Direct coupling of catharanthine and vindoline to provide vinblastine: total synthesis of (+)- and ent-(-)-vinblastine. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:420-1. [PMID: 18081297 PMCID: PMC2570212 DOI: 10.1021/ja078192m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A direct coupling of cantharanthine with vindoline to provide vinblastine is detailed along with key mechanistic and labeling studies. Following an Fe(III)-promoted coupling reaction initiated by generation of a presumed cantharanthine amine radical cation that undergoes a subsequent oxidative fragmentation and diastereoselective coupling with vindoline, addition of the resulting reaction mixture to an Fe(III)-NaBH4/air solution leads to oxidation of the C15'-C21' double bond and reduction of the intermediate iminium ion directly providing vinblastine (43%) and leurosidine (23%), its naturally occurring C21' alcohol isomer. The yield of coupled products, which exclusively possess the natural C16' stereochemistry, approaches or exceeds 80% and the combined yield of the isomeric C21' alcohols is 66%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Ishikawa
- Department of Chemistry and Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - David A. Colby
- Department of Chemistry and Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Dale L. Boger
- Department of Chemistry and Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
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22
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Ishikawa H, Elliott GI, Velcicky J, Choi Y, Boger DL. Total synthesis of (-)- and ent-(+)-vindoline and related alkaloids. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:10596-612. [PMID: 16895428 PMCID: PMC2531198 DOI: 10.1021/ja061256t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A concise 11-step total synthesis of (-)- and ent-(+)-vindoline (3) is detailed based on a unique tandem intramolecular [4 + 2]/[3 + 2] cycloaddition cascade of a 1,3,4-oxadiazole inspired by the natural product structure, in which three rings and four C-C bonds are formed central to the characteristic pentacyclic ring system setting all six stereocenters and introducing essentially all the functionality found in the natural product in a single step. As key elements of the scope and stereochemical features of the reaction were defined, a series of related natural products of increasing complexity were prepared by total synthesis including both enantiomers of minovine (4), 4-desacetoxy-6,7-dihydrovindorosine (5), 4-desacetoxyvindorosine (6), and vindorosine (7) as well as N-methylaspidospermidine (11). Subsequent extensions of the approach provided both enantiomers of 6,7-dihydrovindoline (8), 4-desacetoxyvindoline (9), and 4-desacetoxy-6,7-dihydrovindoline (10).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Ishikawa
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Gregory I. Elliott
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Juraj Velcicky
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Younggi Choi
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Dale L. Boger
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
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23
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Choi Y, Ishikawa H, Velcicky J, Elliott GI, Miller MM, Boger DL. Total synthesis of (-)- and ent-(+)-vindoline. Org Lett 2005; 7:4539-42. [PMID: 16178578 PMCID: PMC2587129 DOI: 10.1021/ol051975x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] Two exceptionally concise total syntheses of (-)- and ent-(+)-vindoline are detailed enlisting a diastereoselective tandem [4 + 2]/[3 + 2] cycloaddition of a 1,3,4-oxadiazole. The unique reaction cascade assembles the fully functionalized pentacyclic ring system of vindoline in a single step that forms four C-C bonds and three rings while introducing all requisite functionality and setting all six stereocenters within the central ring including three contiguous and four total quaternary centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younggi Choi
- Department of Chemistry and Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Hayato Ishikawa
- Department of Chemistry and Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Juraj Velcicky
- Department of Chemistry and Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Gregory I. Elliott
- Department of Chemistry and Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Michael M. Miller
- Department of Chemistry and Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Dale L. Boger
- Department of Chemistry and Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
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24
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Ferroud C, Rool P. A Singlet Oxygen Mediated New Access to Hydroxyindolenine-Catharanthine Derivatives by Two Sequential Oxidations. HETEROCYCLES 2001. [DOI: 10.3987/com-00-9138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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25
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Cocquet G, Rool P, Ferroud C. A catalytic versus stoichiometric photoinduced electron transfer promoted selective C16C21 bond cleavage of catharanthine. Tetrahedron Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)02117-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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