1
|
Kim D, Min Y, Suminda GGD, Hur CG, Lee SC, Lee HK, Song KD, Heo J, Son YO, Lee DS. Bacillus-supplemented diet improves growth performance in Jeju native pigs by modulating myogenesis and adipogenesis. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:1763-1775. [PMID: 35311492 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2022.2047996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics are used in pigs as nutritional supplements to improve health and induce the development of muscle and adipose tissue for enhancing growth performance and harvesting quality meat. In this study, we investigated the effects of Bacillus-based probiotic supplementation on the physiological and biochemical changes in Jeju native pigs (JNPs), including growth performance, backfat layers, blood parameters, serum IgG levels, myogenic and adipogenic markers, and expression of inflammatory markers. Average daily gain and feed efficiency were higher in the Bacillus diet group than in the basal diet group, while backfat thickness was lower in the Bacillus diet group than in the basal diet group. Blood biochemical parameters and hematological profiles were not altered significantly by Bacillus-based probiotic supplementation. Serum IgG concentration increased in the Bacillus diet group compared to the basal diet group. The Bacillus diet group showed increased adipogenic and myogenic markers expression in the longissimus dorsi muscle and adipose tissues. Overall, the data suggest that the Bacillus-based probiotics-supplemented diet regulates myogenesis and adipogenesis in JNPs and improves growth performance. We postulate that this may be due to the changes in the gut microbiota of pigs due to probiotic supplementation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dahye Kim
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea
- Division of Animal Genetics and Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunhui Min
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea
| | - Godagama Gamaarachchige Dinesh Suminda
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Gi Hur
- Cronex Co, Jeju-si, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Chul Lee
- Cronex Co, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak-Kyo Lee
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Duk Song
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyoung Heo
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ok Son
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea
- Bio-Health Materials Core-Facility Center, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea
- Practical Translational Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Sun Lee
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea
- Bio-Health Materials Core-Facility Center, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea
- Practical Translational Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Scale-Up of Capsular Polysaccharide Production Process by Haemophilus influenzae Type b Using kLa Criterion. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9090415. [PMID: 36134961 PMCID: PMC9495314 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9090415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyribosyl-ribitol-phosphate (PRP) from Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) is an active immunizing molecule used in the production of the vaccine against H. influenzae, and industrial production could contribute to satisfying a world demand especially in developing countries. In this sense, the aim of this study was to establish a scale-up process using the constant oxygen mass transfer coefficient (kLa) such as the criterion for production of PRP in three different sizes of bioreactor systems. Three different kLa values (24, 52 and 80 h−1) were evaluated in which the biological influence in a 1.5 L bioreactor and 52 h−1 was selected to scale-up the production process until a 75 L pilot-scale bioreactor was achieved. Finally, the fed-batch phase was started under a dissolved oxygen concentration (pO2) at 30% of the saturation in the 75 L bioreactor to avoid oxygen limitation; the performance of production presented high efficiency (9.0 g/L DCW-dry cell weight and 1.4 g/L PRP) in comparison with previous scale-up studies. The yields, productivity and kinetic behavior were similar in the three-size bioreactor systems in the batch mode indicating that kLa is possible to use for PRP production at large scales. This process operated under two stages and successfully produced DCW and PRP in the pilot scale and could be beneficial for future bioprocess operations that may lead to higher production and less operative cost.
Collapse
|
3
|
Xu Y, Huang H, Lu H, Wu M, Lin M, Zhang C, Zhao Z, Li W, Zhang C, Li X, Sun B. Characterization of an Aspergillus niger for Efficient Fatty Acid Ethyl Ester Synthesis in Aqueous Phase and the Molecular Mechanism. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:820380. [PMID: 35265050 PMCID: PMC8899536 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.820380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid ethyl esters are important flavor chemicals in strong-flavor baijiu. Microorganisms are the main contributors to ester synthesis during baijiu manufacture. However, the ester synthesis was unstable between batches. This was owing to a limited knowledge of the mechanisms for ester synthesis by microorganisms. In this work, a fatty acid ethyl ester synthesizing Aspergillus niger strain CGMCC (China General Microbiological Culture Collection) 3.4309 was identified. The conversion ratios of ethyl valerate, ethyl caproate, ethyl caprylate, and ethyl caprate were 7.87, 29.20, 94.80, and 85.20%, respectively, under the optimized conditions. A comparison of transcriptomes under the initial and optimized ester synthetic conditions indicated that 23 genes were upregulated in transcription level and encoded enzymes with potential abilities for ester synthesis. Eleven of the enzymes were expressed, and three of them, numbered An605, An1097, and An3131, showed the ability to catalyze fatty acid ethyl ester synthesis under aqueous phase, with capric acid as the preferred substrate. The possible enzymatic catalytic mechanism was proposed based on homology modeling and molecular docking. This study reported for the first time that A. niger showed the ability to efficiently catalyze the synthesis of short- and medium-chain fatty acid ethyl esters in aqueous phase, identified the key enzymes, and analyzed the basic enzymatic properties. This is helpful to promote the application of related microorganisms and enzyme resources in the baijiu industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youqiang Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Huiqin Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyun Lu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengqin Wu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengwei Lin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Zhigang Zhao
- Chengde Qianlongzui Distillery Company, Hebei, China
| | - Weiwei Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Chengnan Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuting Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Baoguo Sun
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sun Y, Zhou X, Zhang W, Tian X, Ping W, Ge J. Enhanced β-mannanase production by Bacillus licheniformis by optimizing carbon source and feeding regimes. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 52:845-853. [PMID: 34826265 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2021.2001753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Bacillus licheniformis HDYM-04 was isolated in flax retting water and showed β-mannanase activity. Carbon sources for β-mannanase production, as well as the fermentation conditions and feeding strategy, were optimized in shake flasks. When glucose or konjac powder was used as the carbon source, the β-mannanase activity was 288.13 ± 21.59 U/mL and 696.35 ± 23.47 U/mL at 24 h, respectively, which was approximately 4.4- to 10.68-fold higher than the values obtained with wheat powder. When 0.5% (w/v) glucose and 1% (w/v) konjac powder were added together, maximum enzyme activities of 789.07 ± 25.82 U/mL were obtained, an increase of 13.35% compared to the unoptimized cultures with only 1% (w/v) konjac powder. The enzyme activity decreased in the presence of 1% (w/v) konjac powder, but the highest enzyme activity was 1,533.26 ± 33.74 U/mL, a 1.2-fold increase compared with that in nonoptimized cultures; when 0.5% (w/v) glucose was used, the highest enzyme activity was 966.53 ± 27.84 U/mL, an increase in β-mannanase activity of 38.79% compared with control cultures. In this study, by optimizing fed-batch fermentation conditions, the yield of β-mannanase produced by HDYM-04 was increased, laying the foundation for the industrial application and further research of B. licheniformis HDYM-04.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yangcun Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaohang Zhou
- College of Basic Medicine, Mudanjiang Medical University, MuDanJiang City, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Xue Tian
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenxiang Ping
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Jingping Ge
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
|
6
|
Enhancing β-mannanase production by controlling fungal morphology in the bioreactor with microparticle addition. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
7
|
Recent Advances in the Physiology of Spore Formation for Bacillus Probiotic Production. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2020; 11:731-747. [PMID: 30515722 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-018-9492-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Spore-forming probiotic bacteria have received a wide and constantly increasing scientific and commercial interest. Among them, Bacillus species are the most studied and well-characterized Gram-positive bacteria. The use of bacilli as probiotic products is expanding especially rapidly due to their inherent ability to form endospores with unique survivability and tolerance to extreme environments and to produce a large number of valuable metabolites coupled with their bio-therapeutic potential demonstrating immune stimulation, antimicrobial activities and competitive exclusion. Ease of Bacillus spp. production and stability during processing and storage make them a suitable candidate for commercial manufacture of novel foods or dietary supplements for human and animal feeds for livestock, especially in the poultry and aquaculture industries. Therefore, the development of low-cost and competitive technologies for the production of spore-forming probiotic bacteria through understanding physiological peculiarities and mechanisms determining the growth and spore production by Bacillus spp. became necessary. This review summarizes the recent literature and our own data on the physiology of bacilli growth and spore production in the submerged and solid-state fermentation conditions, focusing on the common characteristics and unique properties of individual bacteria as well as on several approaches providing enhanced spore formation.
Collapse
|
8
|
Tan JS, Abbasiliasi S, Ariff AB, Murugan P, Abu Bakar MH, Ng HS. Polymer impregnation in porous glass beads to induce bioseparation of β-mannanase from fermentation broth of Proteus vulgaris. MINERVA BIOTECNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.23736/s1120-4826.20.02605-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
9
|
Lan R, Kim IH. Effects of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis complex on growth performance and faecal noxious gas emissions in growing-finishing pigs. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:1554-1560. [PMID: 30144078 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotics have been used to address antibiotic alternatives and environmental concerns. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis complex supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, faecal microflora and faecal noxious gas emissions in growing-finishing pigs. RESULTS Dietary B. licheniformis and B. subtilis complex (B. licheniformis and B. subtilis in a 1:1 ratio) supplementation showed a linear increase (P < 0.05) in digestibility of dry matter at weeks 6, 12 and 15, a linear increase (P < 0.05) in digestibility of nitrogen at week 12, a linear increase (P < 0.05) in faecal Lactobacillus counts at weeks 6 and 12, a linear decrease (P < 0.05) in ammonia (NH3 ) emission at weeks 6 and 12 and a linear decrease (P < 0.05) in total mercaptan emission at weeks 3, 9 and 15. CONCLUSION Dietary B. licheniformis and B. subtilis complex supplementation increased digestibility and faecal Lactobacillus counts and decreased faecal NH3 and total mercaptan emissions in growing-finishing pigs. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruixia Lan
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - In Ho Kim
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
You S, Ding J, Dai Y, Xing R, Qi W, Wang M, Su R, He Z. A simply enzymatic hydrolysis pretreatment for β-mannanase production from konjac powder. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 249:1052-1057. [PMID: 29074203 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the traditional fermentation using konjac powder for β-mannanase production presents operational difficulties and high energy consumption, because of the individual hot air sterilization for konjac powder. A simply enzymatic hydrolysis pretreatment for konjac powder was developed to solve the problems of the traditional process in a 7-L fermenter. In the new process, when hydrolysis yield of konjac powder was above 50%, the media became liquid state from gelatinous state and could be sterilized immediately, avoiding the hot air sterilization and solving the operational difficulties. Interestingly, the new process didn't have negative influence on β-mannanase production. Additionally, it could save close to 23% of power consumption during the whole fermentation. For another example, it did work well using locust bean gum for β-mannanase production in a 7-L fermenter. Therefore, the new process might be scaled up for industrial production using mannan-based bioresource as substrate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengping You
- Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Juanjuan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Yemei Dai
- Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Ruizhe Xing
- Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Wei Qi
- Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | - Mengfan Wang
- Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Rongxin Su
- Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Zhimin He
- Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kohli P, Sharma N, Gupta R. Statistical optimization of production conditions of alkaline pectin lyase from Bacillus cereus using response surface methodology. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2017.1360291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Kohli
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, India
| | - Nitish Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, India
| | - Reena Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yatmaz E, Karahalil E, Germec M, Ilgin M, Turhan İ. Controlling filamentous fungi morphology with microparticles to enhanced β-mannanase production. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2016; 39:1391-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-016-1615-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
13
|
Effect of medium components and culture conditions in Bacillus subtilis EA-CB0575 spore production. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2015; 38:1879-88. [PMID: 26135004 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-015-1428-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis spores have important biotechnological applications; however, achieving both, high spore cell densities and sporulation efficiencies in fermentation, is poorly reported. In this study, medium components and culture conditions were optimized with different statistical methods to increase spore production of the plant growth promoting rhizobacteria B. subtilis EA-CB0575. Key medium components were determined with Plackett-Burman (PB) design, and the optimum concentration levels of two components (glucose, MgSO4·7H2O) were optimized with a full factorial and central composite design, achieving 1.37 × 10(9) CFU/mL of spore cell density and 93.5 % of sporulation efficiency in shake flask. The optimized medium was used to determine the effect of culture conditions on spore production at bioreactor level, finding that maintaining pH control did not affect significantly spore production, while the interaction of agitation and aeration rates had a significant effect on spore cell density. The overall optimization generated a 17.2-fold increase in spore cell density (8.78 × 10(9) CFU/mL) and 1.9-fold increase in sporulation efficiency (94.2 %) compared to that of PB design. These results indicate the potential of B. subtilis EA-CB0575 to produce both, high spore cell densities and sporulation efficiencies, with very low nutrient requirements and short incubation period which can represent savings of process production.
Collapse
|
14
|
Sutar RS, Rathod VK. Ultrasound assisted enzyme catalyzed degradation of Cetirizine dihydrochloride. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2015; 24:80-6. [PMID: 25515235 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2014.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Cetirizine dihydrochloride, a pharmaceutical drug of the class antihistamines is frequently detected in wastewater samples. In the present work, the degradation of Cetirizine dihydrochloride is carried out using a novel technique of laccase enzyme as a catalyst under the influence of ultrasound irradiation. Effect of various process parameters such as enzyme loading, temperature, power, duty cycle, frequency and speed of agitation has been studied along with identification of the degradation intermediates. The maximum degradation of 91% is achieved at optimized experimental parameters such as 0.02% enzyme loading (w/v), 50°C temperature, power input of 100 W, 25 kHz frequency and 50% duty cycle with agitation speed of 200 rpm. It is observed that enzymatic degradation of Cetirizine dihydrochloride under the influence of ultrasound irradiation not only enhances the degradation but also reduces the time of degradation as compared to conventional enzymatic degradation technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul S Sutar
- Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Virendra K Rathod
- Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gao W, Chung CH, Li J, Lee JW. Enhanced production of cellobiase by marine bacterium Cellulophaga lytica LBH-14 from rice bran under optimized conditions involved in dissolved oxygen. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-014-0486-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
16
|
Radchenkova N, Vassilev S, Martinov M, Kuncheva M, Panchev I, Vlaev S, Kambourova M. Optimization of the aeration and agitation speed of Aeribacillus palidus 418 exopolysaccharide production and the emulsifying properties of the product. Process Biochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2014.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
17
|
Man ZW, Rao ZM, Cheng YP, Yang TW, Zhang X, Xu MJ, Xu ZH. Enhanced riboflavin production by recombinant Bacillus subtilis RF1 through the optimization of agitation speed. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 30:661-7. [PMID: 24068533 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-013-1492-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2012] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Dissolved oxygen is one of the most important bioprocess parameters that could affect cell growth and product formation, and it is easy to control by changing agitation speed. In this work, the effects of agitation speed on the performance of riboflavin production by recombinant Bacillus subtilis RF1 was investigated in fed-batch fermentation. The lower agitation speed (600 rpm) was beneficial for cell growth and riboflavin biosynthesis in the initial phase of fermentation process. While, during the later phase, higher agitation speed (900 rpm) was favor for cell growth and riboflavin biosynthesis. Thus, a two-stage agitation speed control strategy was proposed based on kinetic analysis, in which the agitation speed was controlled at 600 rpm in the first 26 h and then switched to 900 rpm to maintain high μ for cell growth and high q(p) for riboflavin production during the entire fermentation process. However, it was observed that a sharp increase of agitation speed resulted in an adverse effect on cell growth and riboflavin synthesis within a short time. To avoid this phenomenon, a multi-stage agitation speed control strategy was set up based on the two-stage control strategy, the maximum concentration of riboflavin reached 9.4 g l(-1) in 48 h with the yield of 0.051 g g(-1) by applying this strategy, which were 20.5 and 21.4% over the best results controlled by constant agitation speeds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zai-wei Man
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lim SH, Ibrahim D. Bioconversion of oil palm frond by Aspergillus niger to enhances it's fermentable sugar production. Pak J Biol Sci 2013; 16:920-6. [PMID: 24502148 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2013.920.926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop an economical bioprocess to produce the fermentable sugars at laboratory scales Using Oil Palm Frond (OPF) as substrate in Solid State Fermentation (SSF). OPF waste generated by oil palm plantations is a major problem in terms of waste management. However, this lignocellulosic waste material is a cheap source of cellulose. We used OPF as substrate to produce fermentable sugars. The high content of cellulose in OPF promises the high fermentable sugars production in SSF. Saccharification of OPF waste by A. niger USMAI1 generates fermentable sugars and was evaluated through a solid state fermentation. Physical parameters, e.g., inoculum size, initial substrate moisture, initial pH, incubation temperature and the size of substrate were optimized to obtain the maximum fermentable sugars from oil palm fronds. Up to 77 mg of fermentable sugars per gram substrate was produced under the optimal physical parameter conditions. Lower productivity of fermentable sugars, 32 mg fermentable sugars per gram substrate was obtained under non optimized conditions. The results indicated that about 140.6% increase in fermentable sugar production after optimization of the physical parameters. Glucose was the major end component amongst the fermentable sugars obtained. This study indicated that under optimum physical parameter conditions, the OPF waste can be utilized to produce fermentable sugars which then convert into other products such as alcohol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheh-Hong Lim
- Industrial Biotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Darah Ibrahim
- Industrial Biotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Statistical optimization of enzymatic degradation process for oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) in rotary drum bioreactor using crude cellulase produced from Aspergillus niger EFB1. Biochem Eng J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2013.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
20
|
Karthikeyan P, Bhat SG, Chandrasekaran M. Halocin SH10 production by an extreme haloarchaeon Natrinema sp. BTSH10 isolated from salt pans of South India. Saudi J Biol Sci 2013; 20:205-12. [PMID: 23961237 PMCID: PMC3730894 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2013.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Revised: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Halobacteria, members of the domain Archaea that live under extremely halophilic conditions, are often considered as dependable source for deriving novel enzymes, novel genes, bioactive compounds and other industrially important molecules. Protein antibiotics have potential for application as preserving agents in food industry, leather industry and in control of infectious bacteria. Halocins are proteinaceous antibiotics synthesized and released into the environment by extreme halophiles, a universal characteristic of halophilic bacteria. Herein, we report the production of halocin (SH10) by an extremely halophilic archeon Natrinema sp. BTSH10 isolated from salt pan of Kanyakumari, Tamilnadu, India and optimization of medium for enhanced production of halocin. It was found that the optimal conditions for maximal halocin production were 42 °C, pH 8.0, and 104 h of incubation at 200 rpm with 2% (V/V) inoculum concentration in Zobell's medium containing 3 M NaCl, Galactose, beef extract, and calcium chloride as additional supplements. Results indicated scope for fermentation production of halocin for probable applications using halophilic archeon Natrinema sp. BTSH10.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P. Karthikeyan
- Department of Biotechnology, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin 682022, Kerala, India
| | - Sarita G. Bhat
- Department of Biotechnology, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin 682022, Kerala, India
| | - M. Chandrasekaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin 682022, Kerala, India
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, PB No. 2455, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kim YJ, Cao W, Lee YJ, Lee SU, Jeong JH, Lee JW. Enhanced Production of Carboxymethylcellulase by a Newly Isolated Marine Microorganism Bacillus atrophaeus LBH-18 Using Rice Bran, a Byproduct from the Rice Processing Industry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.5352/jls.2012.22.10.1295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
22
|
Modeling and optimization of poly(3hydroxybutyrate-co-3hydroxyvalerate) production from cane molasses by Azohydromonas lata MTCC 2311 in a stirred-tank reactor: effect of agitation and aeration regimes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 39:987-1001. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-012-1102-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2011] [Accepted: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The effects of agitation and aeration rates on copolymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) [P(3HB-co-3HV)] production by Azohydromonas lata MTCC 2311 using cane molasses supplemented with propionic acid in a bioreactor were investigated. The experiments were conducted in a three-level factorial design by varying the impeller (150–500 rev min−1) and aeration (0.5–1.5 vvm) rates. Further, the data were fitted to mathematical models [quadratic polynomial equation and artificial neural network (ANN)] and process variables were optimized by genetic algorithm-coupled models. ANN and hybrid ANN-GA were found superior for modeling and optimization of process variables, respectively. The maximum copolymer concentration of 7.45 g l−1 with 21.50 mol% of 3HV was predicted at process variables: agitation speed, 287 rev min−1; and aeration rate, 0.85 vvm, which upon validation gave 7.20 g l−1 of P(3HB-co-3HV) with 21 mol% of 3HV with the prediction error (%) of 3.38 and 2.32, respectively. Agitation speed established a relative high importance of 72.19% than of aeration rate (27.80%) for copolymer accumulation. The volumetric gas–liquid mass transfer coefficient (k L a) was strongly affected by agitation and aeration rates. The highest P(3HB-co-3HV) productivity of 0.163 g l−1 h−1 was achieved at 0.17 s−1 of k L a value. During the early phase of copolymer production process, 3HB monomers were accumulated, which were shifted to 3HV units (9–21%) during the cultivation period of 24–42 h. The enhancement of 7.5 and 34% were reported for P(3HB-co-3HV) production and 3HV content, respectively, by hybrid ANN-GA paradigm, which revealed the significant utilization of cane molasses for improved copolymer production.
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhou L, Tian KM, Niu DD, Shen W, Shi GY, Singh S, Wang ZX. Improvement of d-lactate productivity in recombinant Escherichia coli by coupling production with growth. Biotechnol Lett 2012; 34:1123-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-012-0883-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Accepted: 02/15/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
24
|
Parani K, Shetty GP, Saha BK. Isolation of Serratia marcescens SR1 as a Source of Chitinase Having Potentiality of Using as a Biocontrol Agent. Indian J Microbiol 2011; 51:247-50. [PMID: 22753998 PMCID: PMC3209922 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-011-0065-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2008] [Accepted: 05/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Serratia marcescens, strain SR(1) was isolated from the local soil of a cultivated farm and it was screened as potent strain for chitinase production. Maximum chitinase production (77.3 u Mh(-1) 100(-1)) was observed after 96 h of incubation period with pH 5.5 at 30°C under shake conditions (120 rpm). Compare to still flasks, shake culture with prawn fish colloidal chitin of 0.5% (w/v) concentration, showed a better enzyme yield. Crude enzyme showed antifungal activity against plant pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K. Parani
- Research and Development, Multiplex Biotech Private Limited, Peenya 1st Stage, Bangalore, 560058 India
| | - G. P. Shetty
- Research and Development, Multiplex Biotech Private Limited, Peenya 1st Stage, Bangalore, 560058 India
| | - B. K. Saha
- Research and Development, Multiplex Biotech Private Limited, Peenya 1st Stage, Bangalore, 560058 India
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Rashid JIA, Samat N, Mohtar W, Yusoff W. Optimization of temperature, moisture content and inoculum size in solid state fermentation to enhance mannanase production by Aspergillus terreus SUK-1 using RSM. Pak J Biol Sci 2011; 14:533-539. [PMID: 22032082 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2011.533.539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Optimization of three parameters, temperature (25-35 degrees C), moisture content (40% (w/v)-60% (w/v) and inoculum sizes (5% (w/v)-15% (w/v) were investigated and optimized by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) for optimal mannanase production by Aspergillus terreus SUK-1. A second order polynomial equation was fitted and the optimum condition was established. The result showed that the moisture content was a critical factor in terms of its effect on mannanase. The optimum condition for mannanase production was predicted at 42.86% (w/v) initial moisture (31 C) temperature and 5.5% (w/v) inoculum size. The predicted optimal parameter were tested in the laboratory and the mannanase activity 45.12 IU mL-1 were recorded to be closed to the predicted value (44.80 IU mL-1). Under the optimized SSF condition (31 degrees C, 42.86% moisture content (w/v) and 5.5% inoculum size (w/v)), the maximum mannanase production was to prevail about 45.12 IU mL-1 compare to before optimized (30 degrees C, 50% moisture content (w/v) and 10% inoculum size (w/v)) was only 34.42 IU mL-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jahwarhar Izuan Abdul Rashid
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Malaysia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Gao W, Kim YJ, Chung CH, Li J, Lee JW. Pilot-scale Optimization of Parameters Related to Dissolved Oxygen for Mass Production of Pullulan by Aureobasidium pullulans HP-2001. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.5352/jls.2010.20.10.1433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
27
|
|
28
|
Ozturk B, Cekmecelioglu D, Ogel ZB. Optimal conditions for enhanced β-mannanase production by recombinant Aspergillus sojae. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2010.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
29
|
Li D, Fu X, Kim SM. Production of chum salmon cystatin from the recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae optimized using response surface methodology. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-009-0033-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
30
|
Chen HB, Kao PM, Huang HC, Shieh CJ, Chen CI, Liu YC. Effects of using various bioreactors on chitinolytic enzymes production by Paenibacillus taichungensis. Biochem Eng J 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2010.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
31
|
Effect of volumetric power input by aeration and agitation on pellet morphology and product formation of Aspergillus niger. Biochem Eng J 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2009.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
32
|
Peng C, Huang H, Ji X, Liu X, Ren L, Yu W, You J, Lu J. Effects of n-Hexadecane Concentration and a Two-Stage Oxygen Supply Control Strategy on Arachidonic Acid Production by Mortierella Alpina ME-1. Chem Eng Technol 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.200900413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
33
|
Konjac glucomannan and xanthan gum as compression coat for colonic drug delivery: experimental and theoretical evaluations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-009-0299-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
34
|
Lee BH, Kim BK, Lee YJ, Chung CH, Lee JW. Industrial scale of optimization for the production of carboxymethylcellulase from rice bran by a marine bacterium, Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis A-53. Enzyme Microb Technol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2009.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
35
|
Liu HZ, Wang Q, Liu YY, Fang F. Statistical optimization of culture media and conditions for production of mannan by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-008-0248-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
36
|
In vitro evaluations of konjac glucomannan and xanthan gum mixture as the sustained release material of matrix tablet. Carbohydr Polym 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2007.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
37
|
Alam MZ, Muyibi SA, Wahid R. Statistical optimization of process conditions for cellulase production by liquid state bioconversion of domestic wastewater sludge. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2008; 99:4709-4716. [PMID: 17981027 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.09.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2007] [Revised: 09/22/2007] [Accepted: 09/24/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A two-level fractional factorial design (FFD) was used to determine the effects of six factors, i.e. substrate (domestic wastewater sludge - DWS) and co-substrate concentration (wheat flour - WF), temperature, initial pH, inoculum size and agitation rate on the production of cellulase enzyme by Trichoderma harzianum in liquid state bioconversion. On statistical analysis of the results from the experimental studies, optimum process conditions were found to be temperature 32.5 degrees C, substrate concentration (DWS) 0.75% (w/w), co-substrate (WF) concentration 2% (w/w), initial pH 5, inoculum size 2% (v/w) and agitation 175 rpm. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed a high coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.975. Cellulase activity reached 10.2 FPU/ml at day 3 during the fermentation process which indicated about 1.5-fold increase in production compared to the cellulase activity obtained from the results of design of experiment (6.9 FPU/ml). Biodegradation of DWS was also evaluated to verify the efficiency of the bioconversion process as a waste management method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Zahangir Alam
- Bioenvironmental Engineering Research Unit, Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Gombak, 50728 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
. HEE. Bioprocess Development for the Production of a-amylase by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in Batch and Fed-Batch Cultures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.3923/jm.2007.560.568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
39
|
Kao PM, Chen CI, Huang SC, Chang YC, Tsai PJ, Liu YC. Effects of shear stress and mass transfer on chitinase production by Paenibacillus sp. CHE-N1. Biochem Eng J 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2006.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
40
|
Optimization of xylanase and mannanase production by Bacillus circulans strain BL53 on solid-state cultivation. Enzyme Microb Technol 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2005.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
41
|
Dawkins GS, Hollingsworth JB, Hamilton MAE. Incidences of problematic organisms on petrifilm aerobic count plates used to enumerate selected meat and dairy products. J Food Prot 2005; 68:1506-11. [PMID: 16013397 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-68.7.1506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Petrifilm aerobic count plates are similar to or better than conventional pour plates. Petrifilm has its problems, however; some microorganisms can liquefy the Petrifilm gel and others do not produce the necessary color change with the indicator dye used. Petrifilm aerobic count plates were compared with the pour plates for determining the incidence and identification of problematic organisms in 329 meat and dairy products. Petrifilm plates produced higher mean counts with better repeatability than did pour plates. There was also close correlation between methods with coefficients of 0.97 to 1.0. Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and a group D Streptococcus liquefied Petrifilm gels in 17.4% of the samples tested: dairy products accounted for 16.0%, and meats accounted for the remaining 1.4%. Liquefaction hindered enumeration in 3.2% of the Petrifilm plates used. Streptococcus viridans was not detectable on Petrifilm plates after the recommend incubation period, and this organism occurred in 0.3% of the Petrifilm plates used. These results indicate that Petrifilm plates would be unsuitable for samples with large numbers of these organisms. Knowledge of the contaminating flora may be an asset when utilizing Petrifilm aerobic count plates for the enumeration of microbes in food.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G S Dawkins
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Biochemistry Section, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 6, Jamaica.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Oda M, Kaieda M, Hama S, Yamaji H, Kondo A, Izumoto E, Fukuda H. Facilitatory effect of immobilized lipase-producing Rhizopus oryzae cells on acyl migration in biodiesel-fuel production. Biochem Eng J 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2004.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
43
|
He GQ, Xu Y, Chen QH, Ruan H, Li JJ. Effect of temperature on batch elastase production by Bacillus sp. EL31410. JOURNAL OF ZHEJIANG UNIVERSITY. SCIENCE 2004; 5:1583-1589. [PMID: 15547968 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.2004.1583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The production of elastase by Bacillus sp. EL31410 at various temperatures was investigated. In order to study the effect of temperature on elastase fermentation, different cultivation temperatures, ranging from 39 degrees C to 28 degrees C, were evaluated in shake flask. The result indicated that 37 degrees C was best for cell growth at earlier stage; while maximum elastase activity was obtained when the cells were cultivated at 30 degrees C. This result was verified by batch fermentation in 5-L bioreactor under 37 degrees C and 30 degrees C temperature, respectively. The specific cell growth rate at 37 degrees C was higher than that at 30 degrees C during earlier stage of cultivation. The maximum value [5.5 U/(h x g DCW)] of elastase formation rate occurred at 24 h at 30 degrees C compared to 4.6 U/(h x g DCW) at 30 h at 37 degrees C. Based on these results, two-stage temperature shift strategy and oscillatory temperature cultivation mode were evaluated in the next study. When compared to single temperature of 37 degrees C or 30 degrees C, both two-stage temperature shift strategy and oscillatory temperature strategy improved biomass but did not yield the same result as expected for elastase production. The maximum biomass (both 8.6 g/L) was achieved at 30 h at 37 degrees C, but at 42 h using two-stage temperature cultivation strategy. The highest elastase production (652 U/ml) was observed at 30 degrees C in batch process. It was concluded that cultivation at constant temperature of 30 degrees C was appropriate for elastase production by Bacillus sp. EL31410.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Qing He
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
|