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Tiboni M, Astolfi P, Verboni M, Benedetti S, Giorgini E, Notarstefano V, Vita F, Ranieri S, Duranti A, Lucarini S, Casettari L, Pisani M. The influence of mannose-based esters on the mesophase behaviour of lyotropic liquid crystalline nanosystems as drug delivery vectors. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 232:113596. [PMID: 37918304 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline (LLC) nanoparticles represent an emerging class of smart, biocompatible, and biodegradable systems for the delivery of drugs. Among these, structures with complex 3D architectures such as cubosomes are of particular interest. These are non- lamellar assemblies having hydrophobic and hydrophilic portions able to carry drugs of different nature. They can further be modulated including suitable additives to control the release of the active payload, and to promote an active targeting. Starting from monoolein (GMO) cubic phase, different concentrations of mannose-based esters were added, and the eventual structural modifications were monitored to ascertain the effects of the presence of glycolipids. Moreover, the structural properties of these nanosystems loaded with Dexamethasone (DEX), a very well-known anti-inflammatory steroid, were also studied. Experiments were carried out by synchrotron Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS), Raman Microspectroscopy (RMS) and Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) measurements. The drug delivery potential (i.e. entrapment efficiency and release properties) of the obtained nanoparticles was evaluated. Finally, in vitro cytocompatibility and anti-inflammatory activity studies of the prepared formulations were carried out. Inclusion of mannose-based surfactants up to 10 mol% influenced the structural parameters of Im3m cubic phase and swollen cubic phases were obtained with the different glycolipids with lattice parameters significantly higher than GMO. A complete cytocompatibility and an increased DEX activity were observed, thus suggesting the possibility to use GMO/glycolipids nanoparticles to formulate innovative drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Tiboni
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences - DISB, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza del Rinascimento, 6, I-61029 Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Paola Astolfi
- Department of Science and Engineering of Materials, Environment and Urban Planning - SIMAU, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 12, I-60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Michele Verboni
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences - DISB, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza del Rinascimento, 6, I-61029 Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Serena Benedetti
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences - DISB, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza del Rinascimento, 6, I-61029 Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Giorgini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences - DISVA, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 12, I-60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Valentina Notarstefano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences - DISVA, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 12, I-60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco Vita
- Department of Science and Engineering of Materials, Environment and Urban Planning - SIMAU, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 12, I-60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Simone Ranieri
- Department of Science and Engineering of Materials, Environment and Urban Planning - SIMAU, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 12, I-60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Duranti
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences - DISB, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza del Rinascimento, 6, I-61029 Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Simone Lucarini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences - DISB, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza del Rinascimento, 6, I-61029 Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Luca Casettari
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences - DISB, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza del Rinascimento, 6, I-61029 Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Michela Pisani
- Department of Science and Engineering of Materials, Environment and Urban Planning - SIMAU, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 12, I-60131 Ancona, Italy.
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Çetinkaya S, Yenidünya AF, Başoğlu F, Saraç K. D-Glucose-fatty Acid Ester Synthesis with or without a Biocatalyst in the Same Organic Media. J Oleo Sci 2020; 69:737-742. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess20072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Serap Çetinkaya
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Faculty, Sivas Cumhuriyet University
| | - Ali Fazıl Yenidünya
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Faculty, Sivas Cumhuriyet University
| | - Faika Başoğlu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Europen University
| | - Kamuran Saraç
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Bitlis Eren University
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3
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Siebenhaller S, Hajek T, Muhle-Goll C, Himmelsbach M, Luy B, Kirschhöfer F, Brenner-Weiß G, Hahn T, Zibek S, Syldatk C. Beechwood carbohydrates for enzymatic synthesis of sustainable glycolipids. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2017; 4:25. [PMID: 28680800 PMCID: PMC5487819 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-017-0155-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Moving away from crude oil to renewable resources for the production of a wide range of compounds is a challenge for future generations. To overcome this, the use of lignocellulose as substrate can contribute to drastically reduce the consumption of crude oil. In this study, sugars from lignocellulose were used as a starting material for the enzymatic synthesis of surface-active sugar esters. The substrates were obtained by an acid-catalyzed, beechwood pretreatment process, which resulted in a fiber fraction that is subsequently hydrolyzed to obtain the monosaccharides. After purification and drying, this glucose- and xylose-rich fraction was used to create a deep eutectic solvent, which acts both as solvent and substrate for the lipase-catalyzed reaction at the same time. Finally, the successful synthesis of glycolipids from a sustainable resource was confirmed by ESI–Q–ToF mass spectrometry and multidimensional NMR experiments. Moreover, conversion yields of 4.8% were determined by LC–MS/MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Siebenhaller
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Section II: Technical Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engler-Bunte-Ring 3, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Tatjana Hajek
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Section II: Technical Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engler-Bunte-Ring 3, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Claudia Muhle-Goll
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Institute for Biological Interfaces 4, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Miriam Himmelsbach
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Institute for Biological Interfaces 4, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Burkhard Luy
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Institute for Biological Interfaces 4, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Frank Kirschhöfer
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Gerald Brenner-Weiß
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Thomas Hahn
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Susanne Zibek
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Christoph Syldatk
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Section II: Technical Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engler-Bunte-Ring 3, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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4
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Li L, Ji F, Wang J, Jiang B, Li Y, Bao Y. Efficient mono-acylation of fructose by lipase-catalyzed esterification in ionic liquid co-solvents. Carbohydr Res 2015; 416:51-8. [PMID: 26343327 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2015.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Fructose monoesters are eco-friendly nonionic surfactants in various applications. Selective preparation of mono-acylated fructose is challenging due to the multiple hydroxyl sites available for acylation both chemically and enzymatically. Ionic liquids (ILs) have profound impacts not only on the reaction media but also on the catalytic properties of enzymes in the acylation process. In this study, utilizing an IL co-solvent system, selective synthesis of mono-acylated fructose with lauric acid catalyzed by immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) was investigated. The imidazolium-based ILs selected as co-solvents with 2-methyl-2-butanol (2M2B) markedly improved the ratios of monolauroyl fructose in the presence of 60% [BMIM][TfO] (v/v) and 20% [BMIM][BF4] (v/v), in which the mono-acylated fructose was 85% and 78% respectively. Based on a Ping-Pong Bi-Bi model, a kinetic equation was fitted, by which the kinetic parameters revealed that the affinity between fructose and acyl-enzyme intermediate was enhanced. The inhibition effect of fructose on free enzyme was weakened in the presence of IL co-solvents. The conformation of CALB binding substrates also changed in the co-solvent system as demonstrated by Fourier transform infrared spectra. These results demonstrated that the variation of CALB kinetic characteristics was a crucial factor for the selectivity of mono-acylation in ILs/2M2B co-solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Li
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Fangling Ji
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jingyun Wang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yachen Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
| | - Yongming Bao
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
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Lipase-Catalyzed Production of 6-O-cinnamoyl-sorbitol from D-sorbitol and Cinnamic Acid Esters. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 176:244-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1570-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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6
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Li L, Ji F, Wang J, Li Y, Bao Y. Esterification degree of fructose laurate exerted by Candida antarctica lipase B in organic solvents. Enzyme Microb Technol 2015; 69:46-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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7
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Pöhnlein M, Hausmann R, Lang S, Syldatk C. Enzymatic synthesis and modification of surface-active glycolipids. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201400418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Pöhnlein
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences; Section II: Technical Biology; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Rudolf Hausmann
- Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology; Bioprocess Engineering; University Hohenheim; Stuttgart Germany
| | - Siegmund Lang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology; Section of Biotechnology; TU Braunschweig; Braunschweig Germany
| | - Christoph Syldatk
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences; Section II: Technical Biology; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; Karlsruhe Germany
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8
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Synthesisof fructose laurate esters catalyzed by a CALB-displaying Pichia pastoris whole-cell biocatalyst in a non-aqueous system. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-012-0511-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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9
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10
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Zhang W, Jia C, Wang Y, Kim JM, Jiang P, Zhang X. Identification and Maillard reaction activities of dilauryl mannose isomers formed during lipase-catalyzed condensation. Food Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.05.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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11
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Afach G, Kawanami Y, Cheetangdee N, Fukada K, Izumori K. Lipase-Catalyzed Synthesis of d-Psicose Fatty Acid Diesters and their Emulsification Activities. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-008-1242-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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12
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Liu Q, Jia C, Kim JM, Jiang P, Zhang X, Feng B, Xu S. Lipase-catalyzed selective synthesis of monolauroyl maltose using continuous stirred tank reactor. Biotechnol Lett 2007; 30:497-502. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-007-9560-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2007] [Revised: 09/20/2007] [Accepted: 09/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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14
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Zhou J, Tao G, Liu Q, Li H, Zhang X, Adachi S. Equilibrium Yields of Mono- and Di-lauroyl Mannoses Through Lipase-catalyzed Condensation in Acetone in the Presence of Molecular Sieves. Biotechnol Lett 2006; 28:395-400. [PMID: 16614905 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-005-6068-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2005] [Accepted: 12/14/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Modification was made to our previously reported method to predict the equilibrium yields for the synthesis of mono- and di-lauroyl mannoses through the lipase-catalyzed condensation of lauric acid and mannose in acetone in the presence of molecular sieves. HPLC and mass spectra (MS) analyses indicated that two types of dilauroyl mannoses, which would be positional isomers of each other and are designated dilauroyl mannose I and II, were produced as well as monolauroyl mannose. The predicted yields of total mannose esters and dilauroyl mannose I agreed well with the experimental ones on the whole. The equilibrium yields of dilauroyl mannose II were higher than the predicted values, while the experimental values of monolauroyl mannose were lower than the predicted values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Food Science and Technology, Southern Yangtze University, Wuxi, 214036, China
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15
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Kim HJ, Youn SH, Shin CS. Lipase-catalyzed synthesis of sorbitol-fatty acid esters at extremely high substrate concentrations. J Biotechnol 2005; 123:174-84. [PMID: 16356573 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2005.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2005] [Revised: 11/04/2005] [Accepted: 11/09/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Lipase-catalyzed synthesis of sorbitol-fatty acid esters was performed in eutectic media with extremely high substrate concentrations. Homogeneous eutectic melts of sorbitol and fatty acids of C6-C16 were prepared using an adjuvant mixture. Enhanced homogeneity of mixtures was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. The substrate concentration was 3.63-6.67 M in the eutectic media, whereas in organic media the concentration was below 0.10 M. Esters were synthesized with an immobilized Candida antarctica lipase, and optimum conditions were analyzed. Compared to reactions in organic media, the initial reaction rate of ester synthesis and the overall productivity were significantly enhanced in eutectic media while the conversion yields were similar. Based on the kinetic analysis, highly viscous eutectic media were shown to influence the initial reaction rate and the apparent activation energy resulting in diffusion limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea
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16
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Šabeder S, Habulin M, Knez Ž. Comparison of the Esterification of Fructose and Palmitic Acid in Organic Solvent and in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide. Ind Eng Chem Res 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/ie050266k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saša Šabeder
- University of Maribor, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory for Separation Processes, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Maja Habulin
- University of Maribor, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory for Separation Processes, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Željko Knez
- University of Maribor, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory for Separation Processes, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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17
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D'Antona N, El-Idrissi M, Ittobane N, Nicolosi G. Enzymatic procedures in the preparation of regioprotected d-fructose derivatives. Carbohydr Res 2005; 340:319-23. [PMID: 15639253 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2004.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2004] [Revised: 11/05/2004] [Accepted: 11/06/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A combination of different lipases from Pseudomonas cepacia, Candida antarctica B, Candida rugosa and Mucor miehei, aided the regioesterification of the free fructose allowing the synthesis of 1,6-di-O-acetyl-D-fructofuranose, 1,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-D-fructofuranose, 1,6-di-O-acetyl-4-O-benzoyl-D-fructofuranose and 1,6-di-O-benzoyl-D-fructofuranose. Using C. antarctica B and C. rugosa lipases the alcoholysis of fructose peracetate (alpha, beta-form) has furnished 1,2,3,4-tetra-O-acetyl-alpha-D-fructofuranose and 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-fructofuranose. 1,4,6-Tri-O-acetyl-D-fructofuranose was successfully employed to produce a rare ketohexose, namely D-psicose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola D'Antona
- CNR Istituto Chimica Biomolecolare, Sezione CT, via del santuario 110, 95028 Valverde CT, Italy
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Antczak T, Patura J, Szczęsna-Antczak M, Hiler D, Bielecki S. Sugar ester synthesis by a mycelium-bound Mucor circinelloides lipase in a micro-reactor equipped with water activity sensor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2004.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Lozano P, Daz M, de Diego T, Iborra JL. Ester synthesis from trimethylammonium alcohols in dry organic media catalyzed by immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B. Biotechnol Bioeng 2003; 82:352-8. [PMID: 12599262 DOI: 10.1002/bit.10580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-one different organic solvents were assayed as possible reaction media for the synthesis of butyryl esters from trimethylammonium alcohols in dry conditions catalyzed by immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B. The reactions were carried out following a transesterification kinetic approach, using choline and L-carnitine as primary and secondary trimethylammonium alcohols, respectively, and vinyl butyrate as acyl donor. The synthetic activity of the enzyme was strictly dependent on the water content, the position of the hydroxyl group in the trimethylammonium molecule, and the Log P parameter of the assayed solvent. Anhydrous conditions and a high excess of vinyl butyrate over L-carnitine were necessary to synthesize butyryl-L-carnitine. The synthetic reaction rates of butyryl choline were practically 100-fold those of butyryl-L-carnitine with all the assayed solvents. In both cases, the synthetic activity of the enzyme was dependent on the hydrophobicity of the solvent, with the optimal reaction media showing a Log P parameter of between -0.5 and 0.5. In all cases, 2-methyl-2-propanol and 2-methyl-2-butanol were shown to be the best solvents for both their high synthetic activity and negligible loss of enzyme activity after 6 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Lozano
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular B e Inmunología, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, PO Box 4021, E-30100 Murcia, España
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Watanabe Y, Miyawaki Y, Adachi S, Nakanishi K, Matsuno R. Equilibrium constant for lipase-catalyzed condensation of mannose and lauric acid in water-miscible organic solvents. Enzyme Microb Technol 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0141-0229(01)00426-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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22
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Watanabe Y, Miyawaki Y, Adachi S, Nakanishi K, Matsuno R. Continuous production of acyl mannoses by immobilized lipase using a packed-bed reactor and their surfactant properties. Biochem Eng J 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s1369-703x(01)00099-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Torres C, Otero C. Part III. Direct enzymatic esterification of lactic acid with fatty acids. Enzyme Microb Technol 2001; 29:3-12. [PMID: 11427229 DOI: 10.1016/s0141-0229(01)00344-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Lipase catalyzed esterification reactions between lactic acid and several fatty acids have been studied. Difficulties arise in esterifying lactic acid because of the potential for this substance to act both as an acyl donor and as a nucleophile. These difficulties were minimized via strategies which greatly increased the yield of the desired ester. Use of the companion fatty acid in excess with respect to lactic acid in an apolar solvent (n-hexane) in which the lactic is not completely dissolved has been employed to minimize the potential for lactic acid to act as an acyl donor in a self-polymerization reaction.Beneficial and sinergistic effects of both silica gel and molecular sieves on conversion to the desired product are described. However, careful control of the amount of molecular sieves used is required. This fact is a consequence of two opposing effects of this material: i.e. adsorption of both lactic acid and water from the reaction mixture. For reaction between caprylic and lactic acids, use of an excessive amount of enzyme reduces the extent of conversion to 2-O-caproyl-lactic acid.A very pure ester of the L-enantiomer (optical rotation of [alpha]D(25) = -23.5) can be prepared in n-hexane using a four fold excess of caprylic acid and Candida antarctica lipase. Optimum reaction conditions lead to 35% yield of 2-O-caproyl-lactic acid, a result which is close to the maximum yield that can be enantioselectively obtained from commercial grade lactic acid (68 mole per cent monomer).
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Affiliation(s)
- C Torres
- Instituto de Catálisis, CSIC. Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
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Arcos JA, Hill CG, Otero C. Kinetics of the lipase-catalyzed synthesis of glucose esters in acetone. Biotechnol Bioeng 2001; 73:104-10. [PMID: 11255158 DOI: 10.1002/bit.1042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A simple kinetic model derived from a ping-pong bi-bi mechanism is proposed to describe the lipase-catalyzed esterification of glucose with fatty acids. The mathematical expressions derived from this model have been tested using several sets of data obtained from reactions carried out under different reaction conditions. The predicted values provide very good fits of the experimental data for temperatures from 30 to 60 degrees C, enzyme loadings from 90 to 180 mg, and fatty acid concentrations from 0.33M to 1M. Experiments conducted at different temperatures permit one to estimate an activation energy of approximately 12 kcal/mol for the rate-limiting step of the reaction (formation of the acyl-enzyme complex). The model also considers the kinetics of inactivation of the biocatalyst during the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Arcos
- Instituto de Catalisis y Petroleoquimica, CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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25
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Influence of water activity and water content on sugar esters lipase-catalyzed synthesis in organic media. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1177(00)00166-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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26
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Soultani S, Engasser JM, Ghoul M. Effect of acyl donor chain length and sugar/acyl donor molar ratio on enzymatic synthesis of fatty acid fructose esters. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1177(00)00162-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Otero C, Arcos JA, Berrendero M, Torres C. Emulsifiers from solid and liquid polyols: different strategies for obtaining optimum conversions and selectivities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1177(00)00042-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Watanabe Y, Miyawaki Y, Adachi S, Nakanishi K, Matsuno R. Synthesis of lauroyl saccharides through lipase-catalyzed condensation in microaqueous water-miscible solvents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1177(00)00134-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Arcos JA, Garcia HS, Hill CG. Continuous enzymatic esterification of glycerol with (poly)unsaturated fatty acids in a packed-bed reactor. Biotechnol Bioeng 2000; 68:563-70. [PMID: 10797243 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0290(20000605)68:5<563::aid-bit11>3.0.co;2-h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Enzymatic synthesis of mono-, di-, and triacyglycerols from (poly)unsaturated fatty acids (linoleic, oleic, and conjugated linoleic acids) has been studied as a solvent-free reaction in a packed-bed reactor containing an immobilized lipase from Mucor miehei. The extents of the esterification reactions of interest are primarily determined by the molar ratio of glycerol to fatty acid because the presence of excess glycerol as a immiscible phase is responsible for reducing the activity of the water produced by the esterification reactions. For molar ratios of fatty acid to glycerol of less than 1.5, the percentage of the fatty acid esterified decreases quasi-linearly with an increase in this molar ratio. By appropriate manipulation of the fluid-residence time, one can control the relative proportions of the various acylglycerols in the effluent stream. At the outlet of the reactor, one observes excellent spontaneous separation of the glycerol and acylglycerol/fatty acid phases. At 50 degrees C and a fluid residence time of 1 hour, as much as 90% of the fatty acid can be esterified when the molar ratio of fatty acid to glycerol is 0.33 or less.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Arcos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 53706, USA
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Torres C, Otero C. Part I. Enzymatic synthesis of lactate and glycolate esters of fatty alcohols. Enzyme Microb Technol 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0141-0229(99)00117-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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