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Eltahan HM, Cho S, Rana MM, Saleh AA, Elkomy AE, Wadaan MAM, Alagawany M, Kim IH, Eltahan HM. Dietary exogenous phytase improve egg quality, reproductive hormones, and prolongs the lifetime of the aging Hy-Line brown laying hens fed nonphytate phosphorus. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102895. [PMID: 37441904 PMCID: PMC10362347 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The study examined how adding phytase to nonphytate phosphorus (NPP) diets affected performance, egg quality, reproductive hormones, and plasma biochemical indices in 73- to 80-wk-old laying hens. Six treatments with 5 replicates of 18 Hy-Line brown laying hens each were randomly assigned. Three isonitrogenous, isocaloric diets containing consistent calcium levels (3.8%) were formulated to contain 0.20, 0.25, and 0.30% NPP, treated with or without phytase supplementation (1,000 FYT per kg feed, Ronozyme HiPhos-L, Aspergillus oryzae 6-phytase). The results showed that the addition of phytase to the diet containing 0.20, 0.25, and 0.30% NPP increased egg production by 1.50, 1.64, and 0.97%, respectively, and improved eggshell thickness. Also, use of phytase in the diet contain 0.25, and 0.30% NPP increased the plasma concentration of albumin (ALB), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), phosphorus (P), and plasma follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), plasma calcium (Ca), estradiol-17β (E2β), and luteinizing hormone (LH). In contrast, the egg weight, feed intake, egg mass, feed conversion ratio, albumen height, Haugh unit, yolk, and shell color were unaffected. It can be advisable to use phytase supplementation in an elderly laying hen's diet contain 0.25, and 0.30% NPP to improve shell quality and positively impact reproductive hormones leading to the persistence of egg production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatem M Eltahan
- Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Dokki 12611, Egypt; Department of Animal Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungbo Cho
- Animal Resource and Science Department, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Masud Rana
- Department of Animal Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea; Division of Poultry Production Research, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ahmed A Saleh
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Alaa E Elkomy
- Livestock Research Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technology Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El Arab 21934, Egypt; Faculty of Desert and Environmental Agriculture, Matrouh University, Matrouh 51512, Egypt
| | - Mohammad A M Wadaan
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - In Ho Kim
- Animal Resource and Science Department, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hossam M Eltahan
- Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Dokki 12611, Egypt; Animal Resource and Science Department, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
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Characterisation of a soil MINPP phytase with remarkable long-term stability and activity from Acinetobacter sp. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272015. [DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Phylogenetic analysis, homology modelling and biochemical methods have been employed to characterize a phytase from a Gram-negative soil bacterium. Acinetobacter sp. AC1-2 phytase belongs to clade 2 of the histidine (acid) phytases, to the Multiple Inositol Polyphosphate Phosphatase (MINPP) subclass. The enzyme was extraordinarily stable in solution both at room temperature and 4°C, retaining near 100% activity over 755 days. It showed a broad pH activity profile from 2–8.5 with maxima at 3, 4.5–5 and 6. The enzyme showed Michaelis-Menten kinetics and substrate inhibition (Vmax, Km, and Ki, 228 U/mg, 0.65 mM and 2.23 mM, respectively). Homology modelling using the crystal structure of a homologous MINPP from a human gut commensal bacterium indicated the presence of a potentially stabilising polypeptide loop (a U-loop) straddling the active site. By employ of the enantiospecificity of Arabidopsis inositol tris/tetrakisphosphate kinase 1 for inositol pentakisphosphates, we show AC1-2 MINPP to possess D6-phytase activity, which allowed modelling of active site specificity pockets for InsP6 substrate. While phytase gene transcription was unaltered in rich media, it was repressed in minimal media with phytic acid and orthophosphate as phosphate sources. The results of this study reveal AC1-2 MINPP to possess desirable attributes relevant to biotechnological use.
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Iron and Zinc at a cross-road: a trade-off between micronutrients and anti-nutritional factors in pearl millet flour for enhancing the bioavailability. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Saadi S, Saari N, Ghazali HM, Abdulkarim MS. Mitigation of antinutritional factors and protease inhibitors of defatted winged bean-seed proteins using thermal and hydrothermal treatments: Denaturation/unfolding coupled hydrolysis mechanism. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:207-221. [PMID: 35106485 PMCID: PMC8789533 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The inactivation of antinutritional factors, protease inhibitors within winged bean protein was induced by two respective method treatments. The physical method based on steam vapor that was conducted using an autoclave and chemical method consisting on pH-gradients of buffer solutions prepared at respective acidic pH, neutral pH and alkaline pH ranges. The activity of remaining protease inhibitors of bowman birk inhibitor (BBI), and kunitz-trypsin inhibitor (KTI) after and before treatments was enzymatically confirmed using relevant antagonistic trypsin and combined trypsin-α-chymotrypsin digests. The resulting molecular assembly indicating an interval molecular relaxation range of °0.16 < °DA < °0.2 corresponding to reconformation in protein units with volume-mass changes of -2.17 < ∂v' < +2.17 and with denaturation/unfolding efficiency based on heat capacity ΔCp of 36.36 < DE/UF% < 54.67. These structural changes had a great benefit in determining and producing functional protein hydrolysates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Saadi
- Institut de la Nutrition, de l’Alimentation et des Technologies Agro-alimentaires INATAA 25017, Université Frères Mentouri, Constantine 1, Algeria
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nazamid Saari
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hasanah Mohd Ghazali
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Sun N, Liang C, Zhang Q, Geng X, Liu H, Feng Y, Yang H, Yu Z, Jia X. Safety assessment of phytase transgenic maize 11TPY050 in Sprague-Dawley rats by 90-day feeding study. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 128:105091. [PMID: 34863905 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2021.105091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the subchronic toxicity of feeding with phytase-transgenic maize line 11TPY050 in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Rats (n = 10/sex/group) were fed with 12.5%, 25% or 50% (w/w) transgenic maize diet, 12.5%, 25% or 50% (w/w) non-transgenic isoline OSL940 maize diet, or 50% (w/w) commercially available Zhengdan958 maize diet for 90 days. Daily clinical observations and weekly measurements of body weights and food consumption were conducted. Blood samples were collected on day 46 and day 91 for hematology and clinical chemistry evaluations. At the end of the study, macroscopic and microscopic examinations were performed. No effects on body weight and food consumption were observed. The results of hematology, clinical chemistry, and absolute and relative organ weights in the transgenic maize group were comparable to those in the parental maize group. Several statistical differences were not dose-related and were not considered to be biologically significant. Furthermore, the terminal necropsy and histopathological examination showed no treatment-related changes among the groups. The results from the present 90-day feeding study of phytase-transgenic maize 11TPY050 indicated no unexpected adverse effects in SD rats. The phytase transgenic maize 11TPY050 has substantial equivalence with non-transgenic maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Sun
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Chunlai Liang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Qiannan Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xue Geng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Haibo Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yongquan Feng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Hui Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Zhou Yu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China.
| | - Xudong Jia
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China.
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Adejumo IO, Bryson B, Olojede OC, Bedford MR, Adedokun SA. Effect of sodium sources and exogenous phytase supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and digesta pH of 21-day-old broilers. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101467. [PMID: 34624775 PMCID: PMC8503657 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of sodium chloride (NaCl) and NaCl+sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3) and supplemental phytase (0, 500, 1,000, and 2,000 FTU/kg) on performance, nutrient digestibility and utilization, and digesta pH of male broiler chickens were investigated in a 2 × 4+1 factorial arrangement of treatments in a completely randomized design with 6 replicate cages of 8 birds per replicate. Data were analyzed as a 2 × 4 factorial with contrast between the positive control and the diets containing 0 FTU phytase. Phytase supplementation linearly improved (P < 0.05) average body weigh gain (BWG) and feed intake (d 0-14 and 0-21). Apparent jejunal dry matter (DM) digestibility and digestible energy in birds fed diets containing only NaCl increased (linear and quadratic; P < 0.05) with phytase supplementation whereas quadratic (P < 0.05) effect was observed in birds fed diets containing a combination of NaCl and NaHCO3. Phytase supplementation improved (linear and quadratic; P < 0.05) apparent ileal nitrogen and P digestibility. Apparent utilization of DM, nitrogen, energy, and metabolizable energy increased (linear; P < 0.05) with increasing level of phytase supplementation. Apparent P utilization increased (linear and quadratic; P < 0.05) for both sodium sources but calcium utilization only increased (linear; P < 0.05) with the combination of NaCl and NaHCO3. Bone breaking strength (linear and quadratic) and bone ash (linear) increased (P < 0.05) with phytase supplementation. The combination of NaCl and NaHCO3 resulted in lower (P < 0.05) pH of digesta in the proximal ileum whereas the pH of the digesta in the distal ileum (linear) and the average pH of ileal contents (linear and quadratic) increased (P < 0.05) with phytase supplementation. Results from this study showed that birds' performance and utilization of nutrients and energy by broilers in the presence of phytase was, in general, not influenced by the source of sodium in the diet. Data from this study showed that NaHCO3 can replace a portion of NaCl in the diet of broilers supplemented with phytase without any significant negative effect on performance and that the 2,000 FTU phytase level resulted in better BWG and feed intake as well nutrient and energy utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- I O Adejumo
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - B Bryson
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - O C Olojede
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - M R Bedford
- AB Vista, Marlborough, Wiltshire SN8 4AN, United Kingdom
| | - S A Adedokun
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
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Effect of Bacterial or Fungal Phytase Supplementation on the Performance, Egg Quality, Plasma Biochemical Parameters, and Reproductive Morphology of Laying Hens. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11020540. [PMID: 33669736 PMCID: PMC7921993 DOI: 10.3390/ani11020540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The present study shows that 5000 FTU/kg dietary supplementation with bacterial (E. coli) or fungal (Aspergillus niger and Trichodermareesei) sources of phytase with less available phosphorus is capable of maintaining productive efficiency, reproductive morphology, and egg quality of laying hens. Eggshell consistency was increased while yolk cholesterol was decreased as a result of diets supplemented with bacterial or fungal phytase. All in all, our results clarify that feeding laying hens bacterial and fungal phytase at 5000 FTU/kg can be effective to replace inorganic phosphorus commercially. Abstract Catalytic and physicochemical properties of microbial phytase sources may differ, affecting phosphorus (P) release and subsequently the productive and reproductive performance of layers. The current study aimed to evaluate the impact of bacterial and fungal phytase sources on layer productivity, egg production, biochemical blood indices, and reproductive morphology. For this purpose, 360 Bovans brown hens at 42 weeks of age were randomly allocated into 4 experimental groups, each with 15 replicates of 6 hens. The first group (control) was fed a basal diet with 4.6 g/kg available P. In contrast, the second, third, and fourth groups were fed diets treated with 3.2 g/kg available P, supplemented with either 5000 FTU/kg of bacterial E. coli (QuantumTM Blue 5G), fungal Aspergillus niger (VemoZyme® F 5000 Naturally Thermostable Phytase (NTP)), or fungal Trichodermareesei (Yemzim® FZ100). Dietary supplementation of bacterial and fungal phytases did not affect the productive performance or egg quality criteria, except for increased shell weight and thickness (p < 0.05). Serum hepatic function biomarkers and lipid profiles were not altered in treated hens, while calcium and P levels were increased (p < 0.05) related to the controls. Ovary index and length, and relative weight of oviduct and its segments were not influenced. The contents of cholesterol and malondialdehyde in the yolks from treated birds were lower compared to control hens, while calcium and P content increased (p < 0.05). Conclusively, bacterial and fungal phytase sources can compensate for the reduction of available P in layers’ diets and enhance shell and yolk quality without affecting productive performance, and no differences among them were noticed.
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Ugwuodo CJ, Nwagu TN. Stabilizing enzymes by immobilization on bacterial spores: A review of literature. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 166:238-250. [PMID: 33115650 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The ever-increasing applications of enzymes are limited by the relatively poor performance in harsh processing conditions. As a result, there are constant innovations in immobilization protocols for improving biocatalyst activity and stability. Bacterial spores are cheap to generate and highly resistant to environmental stress. The spore core is sheathed by an inner membrane, the germ cell wall, the cortex, outer membrane, spore coat and in some species the exosporium. The spore surface is anion-rich, hydrophobic and contains several reactive groups capable of interacting and stabilizing enzyme molecules through electrostatic forces, hydrophobic interactions and covalent bonding. The probiotic nature of spores obtained from non-toxic bacterial species makes them suitable carriers for the enzyme immobilization, especially food-grade enzymes or those intended for therapeutic use. Immobilization on spores is by direct adsorption, covalent attachment or surface display during the sporulation phase. Hindrances to the immobilization on spore matrix include the production rates, operational instability, and reduced catalytic properties due to conformational changes in enzyme. This paper reviews bacterial spore as a heterofunctional support matrix gives reasons why probiotic bacillus spores are better options and the diverse technologies adopted for spore-enzyme immobilization. It further suggests directions for future use and discusses the commercialization prospects.
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Ciurescu G, Vasilachi A, Grosu H. Efficacy of microbial phytase on growth performance, carcass traits, bone mineralization, and blood biochemistry parameters in broiler turkeys fed raw chickpea (Cicer arietinum L., cv. Burnas) diets. J APPL POULTRY RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.japr.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Enhancing the nutritional value of soybeans for poultry through supplementation with new-generation feed enzymes. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2019. [DOI: 10.1017/s0043933916000271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Asiyanbi‐Hammed TT, Simsek S. Comparison of physical and chemical properties of wheat flour, fermented yam flour, and unfermented yam flour. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.13844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Senay Simsek
- Department of Plant Sciences NDSU Fargo North Dakota
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Křen V, Valentová K. Isoquercetin enzymatic production: A true story. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2018.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Guzmán-Ortiz FA, Castro-Rosas J, Gómez-Aldapa CA, Mora-Escobedo R, Rojas-León A, Rodríguez-Marín ML, Falfán-Cortés RN, Román-Gutiérrez AD. Enzyme activity during germination of different cereals: A review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2018.1514623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Javier Castro-Rosas
- Área Académica de Química (AAQ), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Hidalgo. CP, Mexico
| | | | - Rosalva Mora-Escobedo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Campus Zacatenco, Unidad Profesional “Adolfo López Mateos”, Calle Wilfrido Massieu esquina Cda, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adriana Rojas-León
- Área Académica de Química (AAQ), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Hidalgo. CP, Mexico
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Crosslinked enzyme aggregates (CLEA) of phytase with soymilk proteins. J Biotechnol 2018; 282:67-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Ajith S, Shet D, Ghosh J, Awachat VB, Bhat K, Pal D, Elangovan AV. Effect of immobilized fungal phytase on growth performance and bone traits of broilers fed with low dietary calcium and phosphorus. Vet World 2018; 11:758-764. [PMID: 30034166 PMCID: PMC6048074 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.758-764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of phytase which was laboratory produced by Aspergillus foetidus on the growth performance, mineral retention, and bone traits of broilers fed with low dietary calcium and phosphorus. MATERIALS AND METHODS The extracellular phytase enzyme secreted into the crude filtrate was concentrated by ammonium sulfate precipitation to obtain an activity of 500 phytase units (FTU). A total of 90 1-day-old chicks (Cobb 500) were randomly divided into three treatment groups with five replicates having six birds each. Dietary treatment, T1, was with 0.45% non-phytate P (NPP) during starter and 0.40% during finisher phase with 1% Ca. Dietary treatment, T2, had 0.37% NPP during starter and 0.32% in finisher phase with 1% Ca and supplemental lab phytase at 500 FTU/kg. Dietary treatment, T3, was similar to T2 with a lower Ca of 0.8%. RESULTS There was no significant difference among the dietary treatments with regard to body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, and Ca retention (p>0.05). However, a significant improvement in retention of P by birds was observed in phytase supplemental groups T2 and T3 (p<0.05). Dry weight of tibia (2.58-2.78 g/kg live weight) and ash content (39.7-41.8%) was comparable among treatments. A similar trend was observed for bone Ca, P, and Mn content. CONCLUSION The study indicated that 500 FTU/kg phytase can be effectively supplemented in a broiler diet with low phosphorus (0.37% in starter and 0.32% NPP in finisher diet) and low calcium (0.8% in diet) for better growth performance and with successful replacement of dietary P by 0.08 % and reduced P excretion into the environment in broiler chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreeja Ajith
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- Department of Microbiology, Jain University Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Divya Shet
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Jain University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Jyotirmoy Ghosh
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Vaibhav B. Awachat
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Karthik Bhat
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Dintaran Pal
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Evaluation of Candida tropicalis (NCIM 3321) extracellular phytase having plant growth promoting potential and process development. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Erdaw MM, Perez-Maldonado RA, Iji PA. Apparent and standardized ileal nutrient digestibility of broiler diets containing varying levels of raw full-fat soybean and microbial protease. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017; 59:23. [PMID: 29051826 PMCID: PMC5641994 DOI: 10.1186/s40781-017-0148-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although soybean meal (SBM) is excellent source of protein in diets for poultry, it is sometimes inaccessible, costly and fluctuates in supply. The SBM can partially be replaced by full-fat SBM, but the meals prepared from raw full-fat soybean contain antinutritional factors. To avoid the risk of antinutritional factors, heat treatment is always advisable, but either excessive or under heating the soybean could negatively affect the quality. However, the potential for further improvement of SBM by supplementing with microbial enzymes has been suggested by many researchers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance and ileal nutrient digestibility of birds fed on diets containing raw soybeans and supplemented with microbial protease. METHODS A 3 × 2 factorial, involving 3 levels of raw full-fat soybean (RFFS; 0, 45 or 75 g/kg of diet) and 2 levels of protease (0 or 15,000 PROT/kg) was used. The birds were raised in a climate-controlled room. A nitrogen-free diet was also offered to a reference group from day 19 to 24 to determine protein and amino acid flow at the terminal ileum and calculate the standardized ileal digestibility of nutrients. On days 10, 24 and 35, body weight and feed leftover were recorded to calculate the body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). On day 24, samples of ileal digesta were collected at least from two birds per replicate. RESULTS When RFFS was increased from 0 to 75 g/kg of diet, the content of trypsin inhibitors was increased from 1747 to 10,193 trypsin inhibitors unit (TIU)/g of diets, and feed consumption of birds was also reduced (P < 0.05). Increasing RFFS level reduced the BWG from hatch 0 to 10 d (P < 0.01) and hatch to 24 d (P < 0.05). The BWG of birds from hatch to 35 was not significantly (P = 0.07) affected. Feed intake was also reduced (P < 0.05) during 0 to 35 d. However, protease supplementation improved (P < 0.05) the BWG and FCR during 0 to 24 d. Rising levels of RFFS increased the weight of pancreas (P < 0.001) and small intestine (P < 0.001) at day 24. Except for methionine, apparent and the corresponding standardized ileal digestibility of CP and AA were reduced (P < 0.01) by increasing levels of RFFS in diets. CONCLUSION This study showed that some commercial SBM could be replaced by RFFS in broiler diets, without markedly compromising productivity. The AID and SID of CP and lysine were slightly improved by dietary supplementation of microbial protease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mammo M. Erdaw
- School of Environmental and Rural Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351 Australia
- Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Rider A. Perez-Maldonado
- DSM Nutritional Products, Animal Nutrition and Health, 30 Pasir Panjang Road #13-31 Mapletree, Business City, 117440 Singapore
| | - Paul A. Iji
- School of Environmental and Rural Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351 Australia
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Zelenka J, Mrkvicová E, Šťastník O, Jarošová M, Vlčko T, Ohnoutková L. Effect of Low- And High Phytase Barley on Phosphorus Retention and Bone Mineral Composition in Broilers. ACTA UNIVERSITATIS AGRICULTURAE ET SILVICULTURAE MENDELIANAE BRUNENSIS 2017. [DOI: 10.11118/actaun201765020577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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19
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Zhu D, Gong A, Xu Y, Kinfack Tsabing D, Wu F, Wang J. Isoquercitrin production from rutin catalyzed by naringinase under ultrasound irradiation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2016.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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20
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Yigit NO, Bahadir Koca S, Didinen BI, Diler I. Effect of protease and phytase supplementation on growth performance and nutrient digestibility of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum) fed soybean meal-based diets. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2016.1256292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nalan Ozgur Yigit
- Egirdir Fisheries Faculty, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | | | | | - Ibrahim Diler
- Egirdir Fisheries Faculty, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
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Chen W, Ye L, Guo F, Lv Y, Yu H. Enhanced activity of an alkaline phytase from Bacillus subtilis 168 in acidic and neutral environments by directed evolution. Biochem Eng J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2015.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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22
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Roopashri AN, Varadaraj MC. Functionality of Phytase ofSaccharomyces cerevisiaeMTCC 5421 to Lower Inherent Phytate in Selected Cereal Flours and Wheat/Pearl Millet-Based Fermented Foods with Selected Probiotic Attribute. FOOD BIOTECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/08905436.2015.1026602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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23
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Guo J, Bian YY, Zhu KX, Guo XN, Peng W, Zhou HM. Activation of Endogenous Phytase and Degradation of Phytate in Wheat Bran. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:1082-1087. [PMID: 25511133 DOI: 10.1021/jf504319t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Wheat bran contains a significant amount of the anti-nutritional factor phytate. This study is the first to explore the effectiveness of activating endogenous phytase and further reducing phytate content through resulting programmed cell death (PCD). Effects of solid-liquid ratio (1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:6), incubation temperature (4, 20, 38, 55, and 70 °C), metal ions (Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+), gibberellin concentration (0, 5, 50, 500, 2000, and 5000 mg/L), hydrogen peroxide concentration (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0%), and incubation time (30, 80, 180, and 360 min) on activation of endogenous phytase activity and phytate degradation in wheat bran samples are discussed in this study. It was found that when the wheat bran was incubated with distilled water at 55 °C for 80 min, its endogenous phytase activity was dramatically increased 4-fold from 12.96 to 53.54 FTU/g, whereas the phytate content was reduced by about 70% from 45.20 to 13.52 mg/g. By comparison of photomicrographs of raw wheat bran sample and sample incubated with distilled water for 360 min at 55 °C, a conclusion could be drawn that PCD in aleurone cells had occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Xue Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Na Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Ming Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
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Kang M, Song JH, Park SH, Lee JH, Park HW, Kim TW. Effects of Brown Rice Extract Treated with Lactobacillus sakei Wikim001 on Osteoblast Differentiation and Osteoclast Formation. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2015; 19:353-7. [PMID: 25580402 PMCID: PMC4287330 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2014.19.4.353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytic acid (myo-inositol hexakisphosphate) or phytate is considered an anti-nutrient due to the formation of precipitated complexes that strongly reduces the absorption of essential dietary minerals. In this study, brown rice with reduced phytate was made by inoculation with Lactobacillus sakei Wikim001 having high phytase activity. The effects of brown rice extract treated with L. sakei Wikim001 (BR-WK) on osteoblast differentiation and osteoclast formation were investigated. The proliferation of SaOS-2 cells was measured by the MTT assay. Treatment with BR-WK increased cell proliferation by 136% at a concentration of 100 μg/mL. The Alkaline phosphate activity in SaOS-2 cells was 129% higher when BR-WK was processed at a concentration of 100 μg/mL. The proliferation of bone marrow macrophages decreased by nearly 60% in response to treatment with BR-WK. In addition, BR-WK reduced the number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive (TRAP+) multinucleated cells from bone marrow macrophages. These results indicate that BR-WK stimulates bone formation through its positive action on osteoblast differentiation and function and furthermore, decreases osteoclast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miran Kang
- Microbiology and Fermentation Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 503-360, Korea
| | - Jung-Hee Song
- Microbiology and Fermentation Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 503-360, Korea
| | - Sung-Hee Park
- Industry Service Research Center, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 503-360, Korea
| | - Jong-Hee Lee
- Microbiology and Fermentation Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 503-360, Korea
| | - Hae Woong Park
- Microbiology and Fermentation Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 503-360, Korea
| | - Tae-Woon Kim
- Microbiology and Fermentation Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 503-360, Korea
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Kwon DA, Park S, Kwon D, Kim KH, Oh BC, Auh JH. Improving mineral availability in soymilk by dephosphorylation of phytic acid using an alkaline phytase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens DS11. Food Sci Biotechnol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-014-0146-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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26
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Efficacy of phytase on growth performance, nutrient utilization and bone mineralization in broiler chicken. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2014.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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27
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Biochemical Characterization of an Acid Phosphatase fromThermus thermophilus. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 74:727-35. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.90773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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28
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Dhama K, Tiwari R, Khan RU, Chakrabort S, Gopi M, Karthik K, Saminathan M, Desingu PA, Sunkara LT. Growth Promoters and Novel Feed Additives Improving Poultry Production and
Health, Bioactive Principles and Beneficial Applications: The Trends and Advances-A
Review. INT J PHARMACOL 2014. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2014.129.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Paradiso R, De Micco V, Buonomo R, Aronne G, Barbieri G, De Pascale S. Soilless cultivation of soybean for Bioregenerative Life-Support Systems: a literature review and the experience of the MELiSSA Project - Food characterisation Phase I. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2014; 16 Suppl 1:69-78. [PMID: 23889907 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Higher plants play a key role in Bioregenerative Life-Support Systems (BLSS) for long-term missions in space, by regenerating air through photosynthetic CO2 absorption and O2 emission, recovering water through transpiration and recycling waste products through mineral nutrition. In addition, plants could provide fresh food to integrate into the crew diet and help to preserve astronauts' wellbeing. The ESA programme Micro-Ecological Life-Support System Alternative (MELiSSA) aims to conceive an artificial bioregenerative ecosystem for resources regeneration, based on both microorganisms and higher plants. Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is one of the four candidate species studied for soilless (hydroponic) cultivation in MELiSSA, because of the high nutritional value of the seeds. Within the MELiSSA programme - Food characterisation Phase I, the aim of the research carried out on soybean at the University of Naples was to select the most suitable European cultivars for cultivation in BLSS. In this context, a concise review on the state-of-the-art of soybean cultivation in space-oriented experiments and a summary of research activity for the preliminary theoretical selection and subsequent agronomical evaluation of four cultivars will be presented in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Paradiso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Naples, Italy
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Screening of phytase producers and optimization of culture conditions for submerged fermentation. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2013; 37:609-16. [PMID: 23943047 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-013-1028-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Phytase (myo-inositol-hexakisphosphate phosphohydrolase) is an enzyme, which breaks down phytate to inositol and orthophosphoric acid. Phytase has been used as feed additive, and in some medical applications for years. To date, phytase production has been usually performed as a solid-state fermentation with small production volumes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to increase the phytase activity in submerged fermentations by screening several microorganism strains based on the literature to select the most productive phytase producer and optimizing growth parameters such as temperature, pH, and aeration level using response surface methodology (RSM). As a result, among the four different microorganisms evaluated, Aspergillus ficuum (NRRL 3135) was selected as the most productive strain. Optimum temperature, pH, and aeration values were determined as 33 °C, 4.5, and 0.9 vvm, respectively, for A. ficuum in 2-l batch submerged phytase productions. Under these conditions, phytase activity was measured as 2.27 U/ml. Therefore, this is a unique study showing the production of phytase with A. ficuum successfully in submerged fermentation as opposed to the traditional solid-state fermentation.
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Troesch B, Jing H, Laillou A, Fowler A. Absorption Studies Show that Phytase from Aspergillus niger Significantly Increases Iron and Zinc Bioavailability from Phytate-Rich Foods. Food Nutr Bull 2013; 34:S90-101. [DOI: 10.1177/15648265130342s111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Iron and zinc deficiency are major public health problems affecting many parts of the world, including Southeast Asia. Infants, young children, and women of reproductive age are particularly vulnerable due to their high requirements. Even though iron and zinc are present in significant amounts in the plant-based diets typically consumed in developing countries, their bioavailability is low due to high levels of absorption inhibitors such as phytate. Phytase has been used in animal nutrition for decades to improve the bioavailability of certain minerals in feed. Objective To show the effect of phytase in human nutrition based on evidence from human studies. Phytase can be used either during processing or as an active food ingredient degrading dietary phytate during stomach transit time. Methods Evidence from human studies testing the effect of phytase on iron and zinc bioavailability using stable isotopes was reviewed. Results Twelve studies tested the effect of phytase on iron and five tested its effect on zinc bioavailability. Most of these studies used a phytase derived from Aspergillus niger. They found a beneficial effect unless phytate concentrations were too low or levels of inhibitors or enhancers of iron absorption were too high. Twenty to 320 phytase units per 100 g of flour significantly improved iron absorption, even though higher levels might further increase iron bioavailability. For zinc, not enough information is available to determine optimal activities. Conclusions Phytase clearly has a beneficial effect on iron and zinc absorption from phytate-rich foods. It also has the potential to increase the absorption of magnesium, calcium, and phosphorus in areas such as Southeast Asia where mineral deficiencies are widespread.
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Ariza A, Moroz OV, Blagova EV, Turkenburg JP, Waterman J, Roberts SM, Vind J, Sjøholm C, Lassen SF, De Maria L, Glitsoe V, Skov LK, Wilson KS. Degradation of phytate by the 6-phytase from Hafnia alvei: a combined structural and solution study. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65062. [PMID: 23741456 PMCID: PMC3669009 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 04/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytases hydrolyse phytate (myo-inositol hexakisphosphate), the principal form of phosphate stored in plant seeds to produce phosphate and lower phosphorylated myo-inositols. They are used extensively in the feed industry, and have been characterised biochemically and structurally with a number of structures in the PDB. They are divided into four distinct families: histidine acid phosphatases (HAP), β-propeller phytases, cysteine phosphatases and purple acid phosphatases and also split into three enzyme classes, the 3-, 5- and 6-phytases, depending on the position of the first phosphate in the inositol ring to be removed. We report identification, cloning, purification and 3D structures of 6-phytases from two bacteria, Hafnia alvei and Yersinia kristensenii, together with their pH optima, thermal stability, and degradation profiles for phytate. An important result is the structure of the H. alvei enzyme in complex with the substrate analogue myo-inositol hexakissulphate. In contrast to the only previous structure of a ligand-bound 6-phytase, where the 3-phosphate was unexpectedly in the catalytic site, in the H. alvei complex the expected scissile 6-phosphate (sulphate in the inhibitor) is placed in the catalytic site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Ariza
- Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Olga V. Moroz
- Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Elena V. Blagova
- Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Johan P. Turkenburg
- Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Jitka Waterman
- Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Shirley M. Roberts
- Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Keith S. Wilson
- Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Luo YW, Xie WH, Jin XX, Wang Q, He YJ. Effects of germination on iron, zinc, calcium, manganese, and copper availability from cereals and legumes. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2013.782071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Ariff RM, Fitrianto A, Abd Manap MY, Ideris A, Kassim A, Suhairin A, Hussin ASM. Cultivation Conditions for Phytase Production from Recombinant Escherichia coli DH5α. Microbiol Insights 2013; 6:17-28. [PMID: 24826071 PMCID: PMC3987752 DOI: 10.4137/mbi.s10402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the cultivation conditions for the production of phytase by recombinant Escherichia coli DH5α. The optimum predicted cultivation conditions for phytase production were at 3 hours seed age, a 2.5% inoculum level, an L-arabinose concentration of 0.20%, a cell concentration of 0.3 (as measured at 600 nm) and 17 hours post-induction time with a predicted phytase activity of 4194.45 U/mL. The model was validated and the results showed no significant difference between the experimental and the predicted phytase activity (P = 0.305). Under optimum cultivation conditions, the phytase activity of the recombinant E. coli DH5α was 364 times higher compared to the phytase activity of the wild-type producer, Enterobacter sakazakii ASUIA279. Hence, optimization of the cultivation conditions using RSM positively increased phytase production from recombinant E. coli DH5α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafidah Mohd Ariff
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Anwar Fitrianto
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Yazid Abd Manap
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Aini Ideris
- Department of Science Clinical Study, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Azhar Kassim
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Afinah Suhairin
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Anis Shobirin Meor Hussin
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Shapawi R, Ebi I, Yong A. Soybean meal as a source of protein in formulated diets for tiger grouper, <i>Epinephelus fuscoguttatus</i> juvenile. Part I: Effects on growth, survival, feed utilization and body compositions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/as.2013.47045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Pekel A, Demirel G, Alp M, Kocabagli N, Acar N. Influence of different dietary copper sources on eggshell quality and phosphorus retention in laying hens. J APPL POULTRY RES 2012. [DOI: 10.3382/japr.2010-00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Luo Y, Xie W, Luo F. Effect of Several Germination Treatments on Phosphatases Activities and Degradation of Phytate in Faba Bean (Vicia fabaL.) and Azuki Bean (Vigna angularisL.). J Food Sci 2012; 77:C1023-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2012.02733.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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38
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Bhavsar K, Ravi Kumar V, Khire J. Downstream processing of extracellular phytase from Aspergillus niger: Chromatography process vs. aqueous two phase extraction for its simultaneous partitioning and purification. Process Biochem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2012.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Effect of colour LEDs on mycelia growth of Aspergillus ficuum and phytase production in photo-fermentations. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2012; 106:81-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2011.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2011] [Revised: 10/13/2011] [Accepted: 10/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Onyango EM, Adeola O. Dietary cholecalciferol lowers the maximal activity of intestinal mucosa phytase in ducklings fed low-phosphorus diets. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2011. [DOI: 10.4141/cjas2010-033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Onyango, E. M. and Adeola, O. 2011. Dietary cholecalciferol lowers the maximal activity of intestinal mucosa phytase in ducklings fed low-phosphorus diets. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 91: 399–404. The role of cholecalciferol and phosphorus in the regulation of intestinal mucosa phytase was investigated in White Pekin ducklings. Ninety-six 7-d-old male ducklings were grouped by weight into six blocks of four cages with four ducklings per cage. The average weights of the individual birds in the six subgroups were: 282, 270, 263, 255, 247 and 236 g, respectively. Four corn-soybean meal-based mash diets were randomly assigned to cages within each block. The four diets consisted of cholecalciferol at 0 or 75 µg kg–1 and total phosphorus at 3.6 or 7.0 (or 0.12 or 0.46 available phosphorus, respectively) g kg−1 in a 2×2 factorial arrangement. Birds were fed the experimental diets for 9 d under conditions that excluded ultraviolet light. Ducklings fed diets with cholecalciferol concentration at 75 µg kg−1 of diet showed a lower maximal activity and Km value of intestinal mucosa phytase (P<0.05), and higher apparent ileal digestibility of calcium (P<0.0001). Ducklings fed diets with total phosphorus concentration at 7.0 g kg−1 of diet showed no change in intestinal mucosa phytase activity, but had higher weight gain, feed intake, tibia ash, ileal digestibility of phosphorus (P<0.0001), and feed efficiency (P<0.001). In conclusion, dietary cholecalciferol decreased the maximal activity and Km value of intestinal mucosa phytase in ducklings fed low-phosphorus diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. M. Onyango
- Department of Health Sciences, East Tennessse State University, Box 70673, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA (e-mail: )
| | - O. Adeola
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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Tran TT, Hashim SO, Gaber Y, Mamo G, Mattiasson B, Hatti-Kaul R. Thermostable alkaline phytase from Bacillus sp. MD2: Effect of divalent metals on activity and stability. J Inorg Biochem 2011; 105:1000-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2011.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2010] [Revised: 04/08/2011] [Accepted: 04/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Adsorption immobilization of Escherichia coli phytase on probiotic Bacillus polyfermenticus spores. Enzyme Microb Technol 2011; 49:66-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2011.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2010] [Revised: 01/13/2011] [Accepted: 03/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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43
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Lactic acid fermentation improves the quality of amahewu, a traditional South African maize-based porridge. Food Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Tiwari SP, Gendley MK, Pathak AK, Gupta R. Influence of an enzyme cocktail and phytase individually or in combination in Ven Cobb broiler chickens. Br Poult Sci 2010; 51:92-100. [PMID: 20390573 DOI: 10.1080/00071660903457187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
1. An experiment (21 d) was conducted to determine if the response of chicks to a cocktail of xylanase, amylase, and protease (XAP) or Escherichia coli-derived phytase individually or in combination when fed a nutritionally marginal maize-soybean meal diet is age-dependent. 2. A total of 250 one-day-old Ven Cobb broiler chicks were allocated to 5 dietary treatments in a randomised complete block design. The treatments were as follows: (1) positive control with supplemental inorganic P; (2) negative control (NC) marginal in P and ME; (3) NC plus XAP to provide (per kg of diet) 650, 1650 and 4000 U of xylanase, amylase, and protease, respectively; (4) NC plus phytase added to provide 1000 phytase units/kg; and (5) NC plus a combination of XAP and phytase. 3. Low ME and P in the NC diet depressed weight gain and gain:feed. A cocktail of XAP alone did not improve performance, but phytase supplementation improved weight gain. The enzymes were additive in their effects on growth performance. 4. The enzymes had no effect on ileal digestible energy. Ileal N digestibility was higher in diets with XAP or phytase individually compared with NC. Both phytase and XAP individually and in combination improved ileal P digestibility compared with NC. 5. Total tract nutrient retention and ME increased as the birds grew older. There were age x diet interactions in total tract retention of P and Ca; improvement in P retention due to phytase use decreased by 50% as the chicks matured. 6. The current study shows that a combination of XAP and phytase improved performance, but the enhancement in performance appears to be due mainly to phytase. Both XAP and phytase were effective in improving P digestibility and retention of chicks receiving nutritionally marginal maize-soybean meal. 7. The data also showed that the chicks benefited more from the enzyme addition at a younger age and that the contribution of the enzymes to nutrient retention decreased with age in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Tiwari
- Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Durg-491 001 (Chhattisgarh), India.
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Nyannor EKD, Bedford MR, Adeola O. Corn expressing an Escherichia coli-derived phytase gene: residual phytase activity and microstructure of digesta in broiler chicks. Poult Sci 2009; 88:1413-20. [PMID: 19531712 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2009-00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The residual phytase activity, phytic acid P content, and microstructure of the digesta along the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of broiler chickens fed a corn expressing microbial phytase was studied in a 14-d experiment. The phytase activity of the corn expressing phytase (CBP) was determined to be 660 phytase units/g and was incorporated into broiler diets at varying rates. One hundred forty-four 7-d-old male broiler chickens were grouped by weight into 8 blocks of 3 cages with 6 birds per cage. Three dietary treatments were randomly allotted to the cages within blocks. The corn-soybean meal-based diets consisting of low P and Ca (no added inorganic P) supplemented with 0 (control), 55, or 550 g/kg of CBP (substituting corn) were formulated to contain 0 (control), 36,300, or 363,000 phytase units/kg of phytase activity, respectively. Birds were fed the dietary treatments for 14 d when they were killed and digesta samples from the proventriculus and gizzard, jejunum, and ileum were collected. The residual phytase activity along the GIT increased linearly and quadratically (P < 0.01) with the addition of CBP to the control diets. There was a decrease (P < 0.01) in residual phytase activity as digesta moved distally along the GIT with CBP supplementation. Phytic acid P content significantly decreased (linear, P < 0.01; quadratic, P < 0.05) with CBP supplementation of the control diets. There was substantial degradation (linear and quadratic, P < 0.01) of phytic acid content caudally along the GIT of birds. Extensive cell wall degradation of digesta samples from the proventriculus and gizzard in broilers fed the highest level of CBP compared with birds fed the control diets was observed. The addition of CBP to control diets led to a rapid degradation of the cell walls of digesta and a marked reduction in phytic acid P concentration of digesta in broiler chicks.
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Affiliation(s)
- E K D Nyannor
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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JENDZA JA, ADEOLA O. Water-soluble phosphorus excretion in pigs fed diets supplemented with microbial phytase. Anim Sci J 2009; 80:296-304. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2009.00631.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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In MJ, Choi SY, Kim HR, Park DB, Oh NS, Kim DC. Acid Production and Phytate Degradation using a Leuconostoc mesenteroides KC5l Strain in Saccharified-Rice Suspension. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.3839/jabc.2009.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kaur P, Kunze G, Satyanarayana T. Yeast Phytases: Present Scenario and Future Perspectives. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2008; 27:93-109. [PMID: 17578705 DOI: 10.1080/07388550701334519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Phytases hydrolyze phytates to liberate soluble and thus readily utilizable inorganic phosphate. Although phytases are produced by various groups of microbes, yeasts being simple eukaryotes and mostly non-pathogenic with proven probiotic benefits can serve as ideal candidates for phytase research. The full potential of yeast phytases has not, however, been exploited. This review focuses attention on the present status of knowledge on the production, characterization, molecular characteristics, and cloning and over-expression of yeast phytases. Several potential applications of the yeast phytases in feeds and foods, and in the synthesis of lower myo-inositol phosphates are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvinder Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
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