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Macías-de la Rosa A, López-Rosales L, Cerón-García MC, Molina-Miras A, Soriano-Jerez Y, Sánchez-Mirón A, Seoane S, García-Camacho F. Assessment of the marine microalga Chrysochromulina rotalis as bioactive feedstock cultured in an easy-to-deploy light-emitting-diode-based tubular photobioreactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 389:129818. [PMID: 37793555 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Marine microalgae have potential to be low-cost raw materials. This depends on the exploitation of different biomass fractions for high-value products, including unique compounds. Chrysochromulina rotalis, an under-explored haptophyte with promising properties, was the focus of this study. For the first time, C. rotalis was successfully cultivated in an 80 L tubular photobioreactor, illuminated by an easy-to-use light-emitting-diode-based system. C. rotalis grew without certain trace elements and showed adaptability to different phosphorus sources, allowing a significant reduction in the N:P ratio without compromising biomass yield and productivity. The design features of the photobioreactor provided a protective environment that ensured consistent biomass production from this shear-sensitive microalgae. Carotenoid analysis showed fucoxanthin and its derivatives as major components, with essential fatty acids making up a significant proportion of the total. The study emphasizes the tubular photobioreactor's role in sustainable biomass production for biorefineries, with C. rotalis as a valuable bioactive feedstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Macías-de la Rosa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - L López-Rosales
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - M C Cerón-García
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - A Molina-Miras
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Y Soriano-Jerez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - A Sánchez-Mirón
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - S Seoane
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48620 Plentzia, Spain
| | - F García-Camacho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain.
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2
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Zhang Y, Lu Z, Qiao Y, Guo K, Li W, Liu H, Li X, Liu C. Gas holdup, bubble size distribution, and mass transfer in an airlift reactor with ceramic membrane and perforated plate distributor. CAN J CHEM ENG 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.24907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin China
| | - Zhe Lu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin China
| | - Yong Qiao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin China
| | - Kai Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin China
| | - Wei Li
- Science and Technology on Aerospace Chemical Power Laboratory Hubei Institute of Aerospace Chemotechnology Xiangyang Hubei China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin China
| | - Xue Li
- The Institute of Seawater Desalination and Multipurpose Utilization, MNR (Tianjin) Tianjin China
| | - Chunjiang Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin China
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3
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Berouaken A, Rihani R, Marra FS. Study of sparger design effects on the hydrodynamic and mass transfer characteristics of a D-shape hybrid airlift reactor. Chem Eng Res Des 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2022.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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4
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Qiao N, Yue S, Cheng J, Wang C, Wang X, Shi Y, Guo J, Yu D. A gas distributor capable of multiple injection directions to improve the gas–liquid dispersion performance in the airlift loop reactor. Biochem Eng J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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5
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Esperança MN, Buffo MM, Mendes CE, Rodriguez GY, Béttega R, Badino AC, Cerri MO. Linking maximal shear rate and energy dissipation/circulation function in airlift bioreactors. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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6
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Effects of sparger design on the gas holdup and mass transfer in a pilot scale external loop airlift reactor. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sajce.2021.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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7
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Esperança MN, Mendes CE, Rodriguez GY, Cerri MO, Béttega R, Badino AC. Sparger design as key parameter to define shear conditions in pneumatic bioreactors. Biochem Eng J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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8
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Esperança MN, Mendes CE, Rodriguez GY, Cerri MO, Béttega R, Badino AC. Average shear rate in airlift bioreactors: searching for the true value. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2019; 42:995-1008. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-019-02100-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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9
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Ansoni JL, Santiago PA, Seleghim P. Multiobjective optimization of a flat-panel airlift reactor designed by computational fluid dynamics. Chem Eng Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2018.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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10
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11
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López-Rosales L, Sánchez-Mirón A, García-Camacho F, Place AR, Chisti Y, Molina-Grima E. Pilot-scale outdoor photobioreactor culture of the marine dinoflagellate Karlodinium veneficum: Production of a karlotoxins-rich extract. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 253:94-104. [PMID: 29331827 PMCID: PMC6446550 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.12.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A pilot-scale bioprocess was developed for the production of karlotoxin-enriched extracts of the marine algal dinoflagellate Karlodinium veneficum. A bubble column and a flat-panel photobioreactors (80-281 L) were used for comparative assessment of growth. Flow hydrodynamics and energy dissipation rates (EDR) in the bioreactors were characterized through robust computational fluid dynamic simulations. All cultures were conducted monoseptically outdoors. Bubble column (maximum cell productivity in semicontinuous operation of 58 × 103 cell mL-1 day-1) proved to be a better culture system for this alga. In both reactors, the local EDR near the headspace, and in the sparger zone, were more than one order of magnitude higher than the average value in the whole reactor (=4 × 10-3 W kg-1). Extraction of the culture and further purification resulted in the desired KTXs extracts. Apparently, the alga produced three congeners KTXs: KmTx-10 and its sulfated derivative (sulfo-KmTx-10) and KmTx-12. All congeners possessed hemolytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- L López-Rosales
- Chemical Engineering Area, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - A Sánchez-Mirón
- Chemical Engineering Area, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain.
| | - F García-Camacho
- Chemical Engineering Area, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - A R Place
- Institute of Marine & Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, 701 E. Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
| | - Yusuf Chisti
- School of Engineering, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - E Molina-Grima
- Chemical Engineering Area, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
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12
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Esperança MN, Béttega R, Badino AC. Effect of geometric design on performance of square cross-section concentric-duct and split airlift bioreactors. CAN J CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.23024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mateus N. Esperança
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Federal University of São Carlos; C.P. 676, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905 Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Béttega
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Federal University of São Carlos; C.P. 676, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905 Brazil
| | - Alberto C. Badino
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Federal University of São Carlos; C.P. 676, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905 Brazil
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13
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Moradkhani H, Izadkhah MS, Anarjan N, Abdi A. Oxygen mass transfer and shear stress effects on Pseudomonas putida BCRC 14365 growth to improve bioreactor design and performance. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:22427-22441. [PMID: 28803423 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9827-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the experimental evidence is presented for two basic issues including oxygen mass transfer and shear analysis on the microorganism containing medium on the most prominent sections of the bioreactor. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methodology reproduces shear rate values for specific impeller designs using the commercial code (Fluent 6.2). CFD calculates volumetric mass transfer coefficient based on the Higbie's penetration theory. Four types of impeller are used. The spherical probe is used to measure flow hydrodynamic parameters to obtain shear rate by electro-diffusion (ED) method. The obtained results are validated experimentally and it is shown that a fully axial pattern impeller represents more enhanced results than partially axial and radial. In this regard, experimental results for volumetric oxygen mass transfer coefficient (k l a) confirm CFD predictions by acceptable deviations of 2.65, 8.90, and 9.20 for 0.15, 0.2, and 0.3 VVM, respectively. These results collaboratively indicate that LIGHTNIN-C 200 type operates more efficiently by reflecting the flow to the bottom corner stagnation areas with the minimum tolerable shear and the most velocity distribution uniformity. Furthermore, the values of k l a improve by aeration rate. Conversely, increasing the rotational speed of impeller creates difficulties for cell growth due to the generated harsh shear condition. CFD provide a better understanding of how operational and geometrical variables may be manipulated to achieve a moderate shear rate and acceptable level of mass transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Moradkhani
- Environmental Engineering Research Center (EERC), Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, P.O. Box 513551996, Sahand New Town, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mir-Shahabeddin Izadkhah
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Tabriz, P.O. Box 5166616471, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Navideh Anarjan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 5157944533, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Abdi
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Tabriz, P.O. Box 5166616471, Tabriz, Iran
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14
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Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of airlift bioreactor: effect of draft tube configurations on hydrodynamics, cell suspension, and shear rate. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2017; 41:31-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-017-1841-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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15
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Bednarz A, Weber B, Jupke A. Development of a CFD model for the simulation of a novel multiphase counter-current loop reactor. Chem Eng Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2016.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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16
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Hydrodynamics and mass transfer in bubble column, conventional airlift, stirred airlift and stirred tank bioreactors, using viscous fluid: A comparative study. Biochem Eng J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2016.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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17
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Pawar SB. CFD analysis of flow regimes in airlift reactor using Eulerian-Lagrangian approach. CAN J CHEM ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.22696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay B. Pawar
- Environmental Biotechnology Division; CSIR, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI); Nagpur India
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18
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Mendes CE, Badino AC. Hydrodynamics of Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquids in internal-loop airlift reactors. Biochem Eng J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2016.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
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19
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de Jesus SS, Moreira Neto J, Santana A, Maciel Filho R. Influence of impeller type on hydrodynamics and gas-liquid mass-transfer in stirred airlift bioreactor. AIChE J 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.14871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sérgio S. de Jesus
- Laboratory of Optimization, Design and Advanced Control, School of Chemical Engineering; University of Campinas; CEP 13083-852 Campinas SP Brazil
| | - João Moreira Neto
- Laboratory of Optimization, Design and Advanced Control, School of Chemical Engineering; University of Campinas; CEP 13083-852 Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Aline Santana
- Laboratory of Optimization, Design and Advanced Control, School of Chemical Engineering; University of Campinas; CEP 13083-852 Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Rubens Maciel Filho
- Laboratory of Optimization, Design and Advanced Control, School of Chemical Engineering; University of Campinas; CEP 13083-852 Campinas SP Brazil
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20
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Wei C, Wu B, Li G, Chen K, Jiang M, Ouyang P. Comparison of the hydrodynamics and mass transfer characteristics in internal-loop airlift bioreactors utilizing either a novel membrane-tube sparger or perforated plate sparger. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2014; 37:2289-304. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-014-1207-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Natsume T, Yoshimoto M. A Method To Estimate the Average Shear Rate in a Bubble Column Using Liposomes. Ind Eng Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ie402874q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomotaka Natsume
- Department
of Applied Molecular
Bioscience, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, 755-8611, Japan
| | - Makoto Yoshimoto
- Department
of Applied Molecular
Bioscience, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, 755-8611, Japan
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22
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23
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Šijački IM, Tokić MS, Kojić PS, Petrović DL, Tekić MN, Lukić NL. Sparger Type Influence on the Volumetric Mass Transfer Coefficient in the Draft Tube Airlift Reactor with Diluted Alcohol Solutions. Ind Eng Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ie303211u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana M. Šijački
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, 403063 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Milenko S. Tokić
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, 403063 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Predrag S. Kojić
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, 403063 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Dragan Lj. Petrović
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, 403063 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Miodrag N. Tekić
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, 403063 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Nataša Lj. Lukić
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, 403063 Novi Sad, Serbia
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24
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Hydrodynamic study of an internal airlift reactor for microalgae culture. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 93:117-29. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-011-3398-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2011] [Revised: 05/12/2011] [Accepted: 05/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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25
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Xu Y, Luo L, Yuan J. CFD simulations to portray the bubble distribution and the hydrodynamics in an annulus sparged air-lift bioreactor. CAN J CHEM ENG 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.20405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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26
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Šijački IM, Tokić MS, Kojić PS, Petrović DL, Tekić MN, Djurić MS, Milovančev SS. Sparger Type Influence on the Hydrodynamics of the Draft Tube Airlift Reactor with Diluted Alcohol Solutions. Ind Eng Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ie101989r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana M. Šijački
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, 403063 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Milenko S. Tokić
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, 403063 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Predrag S. Kojić
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, 403063 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Dragan Lj. Petrović
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, 403063 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Miodrag N. Tekić
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, 403063 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Mirjana S. Djurić
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, 403063 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Slobodan S. Milovančev
- Department of Energy, Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 403065 Novi Sad, Serbia
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Gumery F, Ein-Mozaffari F, Dahman Y. Macromixing hydrodynamic study in draft-tube airlift reactors using electrical resistance tomography. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2010; 34:135-44. [PMID: 20661591 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-010-0454-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2010] [Accepted: 07/07/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The present study summarizes results of mixing characteristics in a draft tube airlift bioreactor using ERT. This technique offers the possibility for noninvasive and nonintrusive visualization of flow fields in the bioreactor and has rarely been utilized previously to analyze operating parameters and mixing characteristics in this type of bioreactors. Several operating parameters and geometric characteristics were examined. In general, results showed that the increase in superficial gas velocity corresponds to an increase in energy applied and thus, to a decrease in mixing time. This generally corresponded to an increase in liquid circulation velocity and shear rate values. Bottom clearances and draft tube diameters affected flow resistance and frictional losses. The influence of sparger configurations on mixing time and liquid circulation velocity was significant due to their effect on gas distribution. However, the effect of sparger configuration on shear rate was not significant, with 20% reduction in shear rates using the cross-shaped sparger. Fluid viscosity showed a marked influence on both mixing times and circulation velocity especially in the coalescing media of sugar and xanthan gum (XG) solutions. Results from this work will help to develop a clear pattern for operation and mixing that can help to improve several industrial processes, especially the ones related to emerging fields of technology such as the biotechnology industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farouza Gumery
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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28
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Liu M, Lu C, Shi M, Yan C, Fan Y. Region-dependent mass transfer behavior in a forced circulation airlift loop reactor. POWDER TECHNOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2010.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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29
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Ahamed A, Vermette P. Effect of mechanical agitation on the production of cellulases by Trichoderma reesei RUT-C30 in a draft-tube airlift bioreactor. Biochem Eng J 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2010.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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30
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Average shear rate in three pneumatic bioreactors. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2010; 33:979-88. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-010-0422-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2010] [Accepted: 03/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
Bacterial preoxidation of refractory gold ore has showed many advantages, such as lower operation cost and environmental friendly. In this paper, biooxidation of refractory gold ore by mixed moderate thermophiles culture in airlift bioreactor has been well studied. Firstly, a laboratory scale airlift bioreactor unit has been designed for bacterial preoxidation of refractory gold ore, a mixed moderate thermophilic culture was incubated. The orthogonal experiment was performed to investigate the effects of particle size, pulp density, aeration rate and initial pH. The results showed that when particle size 37micrometer,pulp density 5%,aeration rate 4 dm3•s-1 and initial pH 1.2, the arsenic leaching rate achieved to 93.5%. On the base of the airlift bioreactor unit, a continuous airlift bioreactor was designed. The preoxidation of refractory gold ore by a mixed culture of moderately thermophilic bacteria also was investigated in this equipment. The results showed that, under the conditions of pulp density 8% and stay time 60h, it can deal with 0.256 kg refractory gold ore per day, and the arsenic leaching rate can reach to 95.25%. During the experiment, some leaching liquor has been sampled from the second sect the fourth column of the continuous airlift bioreactor. The composition of microbial communities in this sample has been investigated using culture-independent 16S rDNA based cloning approach- restriction fragment length polymorphism. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that Leptospirillum ferriphilum and Acidithiobacillus caldus are the main organisms in this system. Both of them are moderate thermphilic bacteria and can resist relatively high concentration of arsenic ion.
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32
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Oncel S, Sukan FV. Comparison of two different pneumatically mixed column photobioreactors for the cultivation of Artrospira platensis (Spirulina platensis). BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2008; 99:4755-4760. [PMID: 17981030 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.09.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2007] [Revised: 09/20/2007] [Accepted: 09/22/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Internal loop airlift and bubble column photobioreactors (PBR) were compared with respect to their performances during cultivation of Artrospira platensis (Spirulina platensis). Culture conditions were kept the same and different parameters were examined through the experiments. It was observed that a higher dry biomass weight and chlorophyll-a concentration was obtained in the airlift PBR yielding a maximum growth rate of 0.45 day(-1), while 0.33 day(-1) was reached in the bubble column PBR. Subsequently, a 17-day of production was carried out in the selected PBR to fully determine the performance of the PBR. Maximum growth rate of 0.47 day(-1) was reached during long term cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Oncel
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Ege, 35100 Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.
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Luo HP, Al-Dahhan MH. Local characteristics of hydrodynamics in draft tube airlift bioreactor. Chem Eng Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2008.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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García Camacho F, Gallardo Rodríguez J, Sánchez Mirón A, Cerón García M, Belarbi E, Molina Grima E. Determination of shear stress thresholds in toxic dinoflagellates cultured in shaken flasks. Process Biochem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2007.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Camacho FG, Rodríguez JG, Mirón AS, García MCC, Belarbi EH, Chisti Y, Grima EM. Biotechnological significance of toxic marine dinoflagellates. Biotechnol Adv 2006; 25:176-94. [PMID: 17208406 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2006.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2006] [Accepted: 11/28/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Dinoflagellates are microalgae that are associated with the production of many marine toxins. These toxins poison fish, other wildlife and humans. Dinoflagellate-associated human poisonings include paralytic shellfish poisoning, diarrhetic shellfish poisoning, neurotoxic shellfish poisoning, and ciguatera fish poisoning. Dinoflagellate toxins and bioactives are of increasing interest because of their commercial impact, influence on safety of seafood, and potential medical and other applications. This review discusses biotechnological methods of identifying toxic dinoflagellates and detecting their toxins. Potential applications of the toxins are discussed. A lack of sufficient quantities of toxins for investigational purposes remains a significant limitation. Producing quantities of dinoflagellate bioactives requires an ability to mass culture them. Considerations relating to bioreactor culture of generally fragile and slow-growing dinoflagellates are discussed. Production and processing of dinoflagellates to extract bioactives, require attention to biosafety considerations as outlined in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Garcia Camacho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain.
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. SSO, . OA. An integrated photobioreactor system for the production of Spirulina platensis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.3923/biotech.2006.365.372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Alías CB, García-Malea López MC, Acién Fernández FG, Ferníndez Sevilla JM, García Sánchez JL, Molina Grima E. Influence of power supply in the feasibility ofPhaeodactylum tricornutumcultures. Biotechnol Bioeng 2004; 87:723-33. [PMID: 15329930 DOI: 10.1002/bit.20179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The influence of fluid-dynamic conditions on the yield of Phaeodactylum tricornutum microalgal cultures was analyzed in two stages: first, the influence of air flow rate; second, the influence of using fluid-moving pumps for recirculating the culture. With respect to the air flow rate, the yield of the cultures increased with the aeration rate up to values of 2.0 v/v/min, then stress was observed and the yield of the cultures decreased. With respect to the influence of mechanical power supply for liquid impulsion, three different types of pumps--centrifugal, pulse, and peristaltic--were essayed at different power supplies. The cultures were stressed for the three types of pumps essayed. For each pump, the higher the power supply the lower was the Fv/Fm value and the higher was the stress at which cells were exposed. The highest measured stress was when the culture was moved with the centrifugal pump. Despite measured stress, for all the experiments stable steady states were reached, thus indicating that cells reduced their yield but did not die, as was verified by cell viability measurements. It was observed that the increase of the power supply improved the frequency of light exposition thus enhancing the yield of the cultures. However, the higher the power supply, the lower the microeddy length scale; therefore, stress could appear. Data demonstrated that the microeddy length scale was always much higher than cell size and therefore the turbulence was not responsible for stress. Also, the mass transfer was discarded as responsible for yield reduction. It was concluded that the shear rate was the factor determining the existence of stress phenomena. The evaluation of these shear rates demonstrated that values above 30-80 s(-1) damaged the cells strongly. These data were verified in an outdoor pilot-scale tubular photobioreactor that was implemented with the same type of pumps, thus demonstrating the necessity to take into account this factor in the design and scale-up of microalgal photobioreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Brindley Alías
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Almería, E-04071, Spain
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