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Xu XY, Wang DY, Li YP, Deyrup ST, Zhang HJ. Plant-derived lignans as potential antiviral agents: a systematic review. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2022; 21:239-289. [PMID: 34093097 PMCID: PMC8165688 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-021-09758-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants are one of the most important sources of antiviral agents and lead compounds. Lignans are a large class of natural compounds comprising two phenyl propane units. Many of them have demonstrated biological activities, and some of them have even been developed as therapeutic drugs. In this review, 630 lignans, including those obtained from medicinal plants and their chemical derivatives, were systematically reviewed for their antiviral activity and mechanism of action. The compounds discussed herein were published in articles between 1998 and 2020. The articles were identified using both database searches (e.g., Web of Science, Pub Med and Scifinder) using key words such as: antiviral activity, antiviral effects, lignans, HBV, HCV, HIV, HPV, HSV, JEV, SARS-CoV, RSV and influenza A virus, and directed searches of scholarly publisher's websites including ACS, Elsevier, Springer, Thieme, and Wiley. The compounds were classified on their structural characteristics as 1) arylnaphthalene lignans, 2) aryltetralin lignans, 3) dibenzylbutyrolactone lignans, 4) dibenzylbutane lignans, 5) tetrahydrofuranoid and tetrahydrofurofuranoid lignans, 6) benzofuran lignans, 7) neolignans, 8) dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans and homolignans, and 9) norlignans and other lignoids. Details on isolation and antiviral activities of the most active compounds within each class of lignan are discussed in detail, as are studies of synthetic lignans that provide structure-activity relationship information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Ya Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200 P. R. China
| | - Dong-Ying Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001 P. R. China
| | - Yi-Ping Li
- Institute of Human Virology, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 P. R. China
| | - Stephen T. Deyrup
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Siena College, Loudonville, NY 12211 USA
| | - Hong-Jie Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
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2
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Martinez F, Mugas ML, Aguilar JJ, Marioni J, Contigiani MS, Núñez Montoya SC, Konigheim BS. First report of antiviral activity of nordihydroguaiaretic acid against Fort Sherman virus (Orthobunyavirus). Antiviral Res 2021; 187:104976. [PMID: 33444704 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The genus Orthobunyavirus are a group of viruses within arbovirus, with a zoonotic cycle, some of which could lead to human infection. A characteristic of these viruses is their lack of antiviral treatment or vaccine for its prevention. The objective of this work was to study the in vitro antiviral activity of nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), the most important active compound of Larrea divaricata Cav. (Zigophyllaceae), against Fort Sherman virus (FSV) as a model of Orthobunyavirus genus. At the same time, the effect of NDGA as a lipolytic agent on the cell cycle of this viral model was assessed. The method of reducing plaque forming units on LLC-MK2 cells was used to detect the action of NDGA on CbaAr426 and SFCrEq231 isolates of FSV. NDGA did not show virucidal effect, but it had antiviral activity with a similar inhibition in both isolates, which was dose dependent. It was established that the NDGA has a better inhibition 1-h post-internalization (p.i.), showing a different behavior in each isolate, which was dependent upon the time p.i. Since virus multiplication is dependent on host cell lipid metabolism, the antiviral effect of NDGA has been previously related to its ability to disturb the lipid metabolism, probably by interfering with the 5-lipoxigenase (5-LOX) and the sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBP) pathway. We determined by using caffeic acid, a 5-LOX inhibitor, that the inhibition of this enzyme negatively affected the FSV replication; and by means of resveratrol, a SREBP1 inhibitor, it was showed that the negative regulation of this pathway only had action on the SFCrEq231 reduction. In addition, it was proved that the NDGA acts intracellularly, since it showed the ability to incorporate into LLC-MK2 cells. The information provided in this work converts the NDGA into a compound with antiviral activity in vitro against FSV (Orthobunyavirus), which can be subjected to structural modifications in the future to improve the activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florencia Martinez
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella", Enfermera Gordillo S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - María Laura Mugas
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Universidad Nacional Córdoba, Facultad Ciencias Químicas, Dpto. Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Haya de La Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET), Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1666. CP, X5016GCN, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Juan Javier Aguilar
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella", Enfermera Gordillo S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Juliana Marioni
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Universidad Nacional Córdoba, Facultad Ciencias Químicas, Dpto. Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Haya de La Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET), Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1666. CP, X5016GCN, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Marta Silvia Contigiani
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella", Enfermera Gordillo S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Susana C Núñez Montoya
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Universidad Nacional Córdoba, Facultad Ciencias Químicas, Dpto. Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Haya de La Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET), Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1666. CP, X5016GCN, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Brenda S Konigheim
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella", Enfermera Gordillo S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
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3
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Huang LCS, Chuang H, Kapoor M, Hsieh CY, Chou SC, Lin HH, Chen YW, Chang CC, Hwu JR, Liang YC, Hsu MH. Development of nordihydroguaiaretic acid derivatives as potential multidrug-resistant selective agents for cancer treatment. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra18827j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new series of nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) derivatives have been synthesized for the research of multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hong Chuang
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu 30013
- Republic of China
| | - Mohit Kapoor
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu 30013
- Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Ying Hsieh
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu 30013
- Republic of China
| | - Shih-Ching Chou
- Department of Biology
- Johns Hopkins University
- Maryland 21218
- USA
| | - Hui-Hsien Lin
- Division of Radiotherapy
- Department of Oncology
- Taipei Veterans General Hospital
- Taipei
- Republic of China
| | - Yi-Wei Chen
- Division of Radiotherapy
- Department of Oncology
- Taipei Veterans General Hospital
- Taipei
- Republic of China
| | - Chia-Ching Chang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu 300
- Republic of China
| | - Jih-Ru Hwu
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu 30013
- Republic of China
| | - Yu-Chuan Liang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 11529
- Republic of China
| | - Ming-Hua Hsu
- Nuclear Science & Technology Development Centre
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu 30013
- Republic of China
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4
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Soto-Acosta R, Bautista-Carbajal P, Syed GH, Siddiqui A, Del Angel RM. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) inhibits replication and viral morphogenesis of dengue virus. Antiviral Res 2014; 109:132-40. [PMID: 25017471 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Dengue is the most common mosquito borne viral disease in humans. The infection with any of the 4 dengue virus serotypes (DENV) can either be asymptomatic or manifest in two clinical forms, the mild dengue fever or the more severe dengue hemorrhagic fever that may progress into dengue shock syndrome. A DENV replicative cycle relies on host lipid metabolism; specifically, DENV infection modulates cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis, generating a lipid-enriched cellular environment necessary for viral replication. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate the anti-DENV effect of the Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), a hypolipidemic agent with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. A dose-dependent inhibition in viral yield and NS1 secretion was observed in supernatants of infected cells treated for 24 and 48 h with different concentrations of NDGA. To evaluate the effect of NDGA in DENV replication, a DENV4 replicon transfected Vero cells were treated with different concentrations of NDGA. NDGA treatment significantly reduced DENV replication, reiterating the importance of lipids in viral replication. NDGA treatment also led to reduction in number of lipid droplets (LDs), the neutral lipid storage organelles involved in DENV morphogenesis that are known to increase in number during DENV infection. Furthermore, NDGA treatment resulted in dissociation of the C protein from LDs. Overall our results suggest that NDGA inhibits DENV infection by targeting genome replication and viral assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Soto-Acosta
- Departmento de Infectómica y Patogénesis molecular, CINVESTAV-IPN, México, D.F., Mexico
| | | | - Gulam H Syed
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Aleem Siddiqui
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Rosa M Del Angel
- Departmento de Infectómica y Patogénesis molecular, CINVESTAV-IPN, México, D.F., Mexico.
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5
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Strategies to Block HIV Transcription: Focus on Small Molecule Tat Inhibitors. BIOLOGY 2012; 1:668-97. [PMID: 24832514 PMCID: PMC4009808 DOI: 10.3390/biology1030668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 11/06/2012] [Accepted: 11/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
After entry into the target cell, the human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV) integrates into the host genome and becomes a proviral eukaryotic transcriptional unit. Transcriptional regulation of provirus gene expression is critical for HIV replication. Basal transcription from the integrated HIV promoter is very low in the absence of the HIV transactivator of transcription (Tat) protein and is solely dependent on cellular transcription factors. The 5' terminal region (+1 to +59) of all HIV mRNAs forms an identical stem-bulge-loop structure called the Transactivation Responsive (TAR) element. Once Tat is made, it binds to TAR and drastically activates transcription from the HIV LTR promoter. Mutations in either the Tat protein or TAR sequence usually affect HIV replication, indicating a strong requirement for their conservation. The necessity of the Tat-mediated transactivation cascade for robust HIV replication renders Tat one of the most desirable targets for transcriptional therapy against HIV replication. Screening based on inhibition of the Tat-TAR interaction has identified a number of potential compounds, but none of them are currently used as therapeutics, partly because these agents are not easily delivered for an efficient therapy, emphasizing the need for small molecule compounds. Here we will give an overview of the different strategies used to inhibit HIV transcription and review the current repertoire of small molecular weight compounds that target HIV transcription.
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Palacio L, Cantero JJ, Cusidó RM, Goleniowski ME. Phenolic compound production in relation to differentiation in cell and tissue cultures of Larrea divaricata (Cav.). PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2012; 193-194:1-7. [PMID: 22794913 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2012.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Revised: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/11/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The lignan nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) and its derivatives existing in Larrea divaricata species show a wide range of pharmacological activities which makes this genus an interesting target to consider the plant in vitro cultivation systems as a feasible alternative source for their production. These compounds are potentially useful in treating diseases related to heart condition, asthma, arteriosclerosis, viral and bacterial infections, inflammation and cancer. In the present study, calli, cell suspension cultures, and in vitro and wild plants of L. divaricata were investigated for their potential to synthesize phenolic compounds. Calli, both with and without organogenesis, produced NDGA and quercetin, as did plantlet and wild plants. NDGA was also produced by the cell suspension cultures, together with p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid and sinapyl alcohol. The capacity of undifferentiated tissues to form phenolic compounds is very limited, but when the calli underwent organogenesis, developing mainly adventitious shoots, the phenolic compound production increased significantly. Plantlets regenerated from adventitious shoots of L. divaricata calli did not show the same phenolic pattern as wild plants, with levels of NDGA and quercetin being 3.6- and 5.9-fold lower, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Palacio
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Excelencia en Productos y Procesos (CEPROCOR), Gobierno de la Provincia de Córdoba, Sede Santa María de Punilla: Pabellón CEPROCOR (X5164), Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Juan J Cantero
- Departamento de Biología Agrícola, Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta nacional 36 km 601 (X5804BYA), Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Rosa M Cusidó
- Cátedra de Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, CP 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta E Goleniowski
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Excelencia en Productos y Procesos (CEPROCOR), Gobierno de la Provincia de Córdoba, Sede Santa María de Punilla: Pabellón CEPROCOR (X5164), Córdoba, Argentina
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7
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Grossman SA, Ye X, Peereboom D, Rosenfeld MR, Mikkelsen T, Supko JG, Desideri S. Phase I study of terameprocol in patients with recurrent high-grade glioma. Neuro Oncol 2012; 14:511-7. [PMID: 22323663 PMCID: PMC3309850 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nor230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2011] [Accepted: 12/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Terameprocol is a global transcription inhibitor that affects cell division apoptosis, drug resistance, hypoxia responsive genes, and radiation resistance in hypoxia. A multicenter, dose-escalation study was conducted in heavily pretreated patients with recurrent, measurable, high-grade gliomas. Terameprocol was administered intravenously for 5 consecutive days each month and discontinued for toxicity or progression. Patients taking enzyme-inducing antiseizure drugs (EIASDs) were escalated independently. Thirty-five patients with a median Karnofsky performance status of 80, median age of 46 years, and median of 2 prior treatment regimens were accrued. Doses of 750, 1100, 1700, and 2200 mg/day were administered. Terameprocol was reformulated to avoid acidosis related to the excipient and was well tolerated at 1700 mg/day. Hypoxia and interstitial nephritis were noted at 2200 mg/day. Concurrent administration of EIASD did not significantly affect the serum pharmacokinetics of the terameprocol. Although no responses were seen, stable disease was noted in 9 (28%) of 32 evaluable patients, with 5 (13%) continuing treatment for >6 months (≥6, 8, 10, 10, and ≥21 months). The overall median survival was 5.9 months. This phase I study defined the toxicity of terameprocol, determined that EIASDs do not affect its pharmacokinetics, and identified 1700 mg/day as the dose for future studies. Preclinical and human data suggest that this novel transcription inhibitor is worthy of further study. The long-term stability noted in some patients and the lack of associated myelosuppression suggest that terameprocol could be safely combined with radiation and temozolomide in newly diagnosed high-grade gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart A Grossman
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA.
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Hwu JR, Hsu CI, Hsu MH, Liang YC, Huang RCC, Lee YC. Glycosylated nordihydroguaiaretic acids as anti-cancer agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 21:380-2. [PMID: 21123067 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.10.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2010] [Revised: 10/23/2010] [Accepted: 10/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Three perglycosylated nordihydroguaiaretic acids (NDGA) were synthesized through the Huiseng 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction. These sugar-NDGA conjugates containing triazole-linkages possessed good solubility in water. NDGA-(triazol-galactose)(4) (12b) and NDGA-(triazol-glucose)(4) (12c) were found to act as inhibitors against human hepatocellular carcinoma Hep3B cells in culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jih Ru Hwu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC.
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Meyers RO, Lambert JD, Hajicek N, Pourpak A, Kalaitzis JA, Dorr RT. Synthesis, characterization, and anti-melanoma activity of tetra-O-substituted analogs of nordihydroguaiaretic acid. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:4752-5. [PMID: 19615898 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.06.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2009] [Revised: 06/08/2009] [Accepted: 06/15/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of seven semi-synthetic analogs of NDGA is described. An approach to NDGA derivatization is described in which the ortho-phenolic groups are tethered together by one atom, forming a 5-membered heterocyclic ring. The analogs were evaluated for cytotoxicity in four cancer cell lines and compared to NDGA and tetra-O-methyl-NDGA (M4N) (1a). NDGA bis-cyclic sulfate (2a), NDGA bis-cyclic carbonate (2b), and methylenedioxyphenyl-NDGA (2d) and NDGA tetra acetate (1b) showed anti-cancer activity in vitro. Two compounds, (1b) and (2b), were evaluated for anticancer activity in a mouse xenograft model of human melanoma and showed dose-dependent activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross O Meyers
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
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Li F, Pham JD, Anderson MO, Youngren JF. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid inhibits transforming growth factor beta type 1 receptor activity and downstream signaling. Eur J Pharmacol 2009; 616:31-7. [PMID: 19540220 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2009] [Revised: 05/26/2009] [Accepted: 06/08/2009] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
It has been well documented that nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), a phenolic lignan isolated from the creosote bush, Larrea tridentate, has anti-cancer activity in vitro and in vivo. Several mechanisms have been identified that could contribute to these actions, as NDGA directly inhibits metabolic enzymes and receptor tyrosine kinases that are established anti-cancer targets. In the present study, we show that NDGA inhibits the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) type I receptor, a serine threonine kinase receptor. In cultured cells, NDGA treatment repressed Smad2 phosphorylation induced by TGF-beta treatment and by a constitutively active mutant of TGF-beta type I receptor (T202D). NDGA also inhibited downstream transcriptional activation mediated by both TGF-beta treatment and the constitutively active mutant receptor. In vitro, NDGA inhibited TGF-beta type I receptor mediated Smad2 phosphorylation in crude cell lysates and in a purified preparation. Importantly, screening select analogs demonstrated that modification of NDGA's structure resulted in altered potency against the receptor. These results indicated that the structure of NDGA can be modified to achieve increased potency. Together our data provide a novel mechanism for NDGA activity which could help explain its anti-cancer activity, and suggest that NDGA could serve as a structural motif for developing serine/threonine kinase inhibitors with selectivity for TGF-beta type I receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fusheng Li
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
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11
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New nordihydroguaiaretic acid derivatives as anti-HIV agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:1884-8. [PMID: 18321703 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2007] [Revised: 02/01/2008] [Accepted: 02/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of nordihydroguaiaretic acid with various alkyl chloride, 1-piperidinecarbonyl chloride, methyl chloroformate, or 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole under alkaline conditions produced the corresponding phenol ethers, carbamates and carbonates, respectively, in 67-83% yields. Among these derivatives, the nitrogen-containing compounds were converted to the corresponding hydrochloride salts. Having good solubility, these NDGA derivatives were found stable in aqueous solution. These new compounds exerted appealing activity against HIV Tat-regulated transactivation in human epithelial cells. The most potent compound meso-2,3-dimethyl-1,4-bis(3,4-[2-(piperdino)ethoxyphenyl])butane tetrakishydrochloride salt (5b) showed IC(50) value of 0.88 microM.
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12
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Fradet-Turcotte A, Archambault J. Recent Advances in the Search for Antiviral Agents against Human Papillomaviruses. Antivir Ther 2007. [DOI: 10.1177/135965350701200417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Infection by human papillomavirus (HPV) is extremely common and associated with the development of benign warts or malignant lesions of the skin and mucosa. Infection by a high-risk (oncogenic) anogenital HPV type, most often through sexual contacts, is the starting point of virtually all cases of cervical cancers and the majority of anal cancers. The same viral types are also increasingly being linked with a subset of head-and-neck and non-melanoma skin cancers. Although prophylactic vaccines are now available to protect against the four types most commonly found in cervical and anal cancers (HPV16 and HPV18) and anogenital warts (HPV6 and HPV11), these neither protect against all genital HPVs nor are of therapeutic utility for already infected patients. Thus, the need for antiviral agents to treat HPV-associated diseases remains great, but none currently exist. This article reviews the recent progress made towards the development of antiviral agents to treat HPV infections, from target identification and validation to the discovery of lead compounds with therapeutic potential. Emphasis has been placed on novel low-molecular-weight compounds that antagonize HPV proteins or, alternatively, inhibit cellular proteins which have been usurped by papillomaviruses and are mediating their pathogenic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Fradet-Turcotte
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jacques Archambault
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Yeh HC, Puleo CM, Lim TC, Ho YP, Giza PE, Huang RCC, Wang TH. A microfluidic-FCS platform for investigation on the dissociation of Sp1-DNA complex by doxorubicin. Nucleic Acids Res 2006; 34:e144. [PMID: 17108358 PMCID: PMC1669725 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkl787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor (TF) Sp1 is a well-known RNA polymerase II transcription activator that binds to GC-rich recognition sites in a number of essential cellular and viral promoters. In addition, direct interference of Sp1 binding to DNA cognate sites using DNA-interacting compounds may provide promising therapies for suppression of cancer progression and viral replication. In this study, we present a rapid, sensitive and cost-effective evaluation of a GC intercalative drug, doxorubicin (DOX), in dissociating the Sp1–DNA complex using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) in a microfluidic system. FCS allows assay miniaturization without compromising sensitivity, making it an ideal analytical method for integration of binding assays into high-throughput, microfluidic platforms. A polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based microfluidic chip with a mixing network is used to achieve specific drug concentrations for drug titration experiments. Using FCS measurements, the IC50 of DOX on the dissociation of Sp1–DNA complex is estimated to be 0.55 μM, which is comparable to that measured by the electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). However, completion of one drug titration experiment on the proposed microfluidic-FCS platform is accomplished using only picograms of protein and DNA samples and less than 1 h total assay time, demonstrating vast improvements over traditional ensemble techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Chih Yeh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Christopher M. Puleo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Teck Chuan Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Yi-Ping Ho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Paul E. Giza
- Department of Biology, The Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Ru Chih C. Huang
- Department of Biology, The Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Tza-Huei Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Whitaker Biomedical Engineering Institute, The Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, MD 21218, USA
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +1 410 516 7086; Fax: +1 410 516 7254;
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Culver CA, Michalowski SM, Maia RC, Laster SM. The anti-apoptotic effects of nordihydroguaiaretic acid: Inhibition of cPLA2 activation during TNF-induced apoptosis arises from inhibition of calcium signaling. Life Sci 2005; 77:2457-70. [PMID: 15950244 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2005.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2004] [Revised: 03/14/2005] [Accepted: 03/15/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) is a plant lignan produced by Larrea tridentata, the creosote bush of the American southwest. In this report we examine the mechanism underlying the ability of NDGA to inhibit TNF-induced apoptosis. Our results show that NDGA blocks many key indicators of apoptosis. Caspase cleavage, mitochondrial inactivation, externalization of phosphatidyl serine, and (51)Cr-release were all blocked by low micromolar concentrations of NDGA. NDGA also inhibited the cPLA(2)-dependent release of (3)H-arachidonic acid. We investigated this activity and found that NDGA prevented the rise in intracellular calcium necessary for the apoptotic activation of cPLA(2). On the other hand, NDGA did not interfere with the TNF-induced phosphorylation of cPLA(2), indicating that NDGA does not block all TNF-dependent signaling. Finally, we asked whether the anti-apoptotic effect of NDGA could be attributed to its anti-oxidant activity. Comparison with the effects of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) did not completely support this hypothesis. While BHA strongly inhibited caspase activation and partially blocked the release of (51)Cr, it was unable to significantly block the calcium response or the release of (3)H-arachidonic acid associated with TNF-induced apoptosis. The anti-oxidant activity of NDGA may, therefore, explain some but not all of its anti-apoptotic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn A Culver
- Department of Microbiology, North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
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15
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Huang JK, Chen WC, Huang CJ, Hsu SS, Chen JS, Cheng HH, Chang HT, Jiann BP, Jan CR. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid-induced Ca2+ handling and cytotoxicity in human prostate cancer cells. Life Sci 2004; 75:2341-51. [PMID: 15350831 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2004.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2003] [Accepted: 04/21/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The effect of nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), a compound commonly used as a lipoxygenases inhibitor, on intracellular free Ca2+ levels ([Ca2+]i) in PC3 human prostate cancer cells was investigated. [Ca2+]i was measured by using the Ca2+ -sensitive dye fura-2. NDGA increased [Ca2+]i in a concentration-dependent manner with an EC50 of 30 microM. The Ca2+ signal comprised a gradual and sustained increase. Removal of extracellular Ca2+ partly decreased the NDGA-induced [Ca2+]i increase, suggesting that the Ca2+ signal was due to both extracellular Ca2+ influx and intracellular Ca2+ release. NDGA-induced Ca2+ influx was independently confirmed by measuring NDGA-induced Mn2+ -coupled quench of fura-2 fluorescence. The NDGA-induced Ca2+ influx was not affected by L-type Ca2+ channel blockers. In Ca2+ -free medium, the NDGA-induced [Ca2+]i increase was abolished by pretreatment with 1 microM thapsigargin (an endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump inhibitor), and conversely, pretreatment with NDGA abolished thapsigargin-induced [Ca2+]i increase. NDGA-induced intracellular Ca2+ release was not altered by inhibition of phospholipase C. Overnight treatment with 20-50 microM NDGA inhibited cell proliferation rate in a concentration-dependent manner. Several other lipoxygenases inhibitors did not alter [Ca2+]i. Collectively, this study shows that in prostate cells, NDGA induced a [Ca2+]i increase via releasing stored Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum in a manner independent of phospholipase C activity, and by causing Ca2+ influx. NDGA also caused cytotoxicity at higher concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Khing Huang
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan 813
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16
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Park R, Giza PE, Mold DE, Huang RCC. Inhibition of HSV-1 replication and reactivation by the mutation-insensitive transcription inhibitor tetra-O-glycyl-nordihydroguaiaretic acid. Antiviral Res 2003; 58:35-45. [PMID: 12719005 DOI: 10.1016/s0166-3542(02)00165-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Methylated derivatives of nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA)were previously shown to be potent mutation-resistant inhibitors of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) which target Sp1 protein binding to critical viral promoters. The hydrophobic nature of these agents, however, renders them relatively water-insoluble and, therefore, limits their applicability. We report here on the anti-HSV-1 properties of a related but water-soluble glycylated derivative of NDGA, tetra-O-glycyl-NDGA (G(4)N). In yield reduction assays, G(4)N inhibited replication of laboratory and clinical strains of wild type HSV-1 and ACV-resistant (HSV-1(R)) strains of HSV-1 in a dose-dependent manner, with average IC(50) values of 4.7 and 3.2 microM against wild-type and HSV-1(R) strains, respectively. An MTT-based cytotoxicity assay revealed a TC(50) value of 73.2 microM for G(4)N on Vero cells, with no reduction in viability detected at concentrations below 30 microM. Similar to its methylated counterparts, G(4)N was found to inhibit transcription of the HSV-1 ICP4 gene, a major immediate early viral regulator, and gel mobility shift assays showed it can block Sp1 protein binding to cognate sites on the ICP4 promoter. In anticipation of its potential use as a systemic anti-HSV-1 agent, we tested G(4)N in a murine trigeminal ganglia (TG) explant model system, and found G(4)N was able to prevent HSV-1 reactivation from explanted and cultured latently infected TG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Park
- Department of Biology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
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