1
|
Vardé M, Marino C, Repetto E, Varela OJ. Enantioselective Synthesis of 2,3,4,5‐Tetra(hydroxyalkyl)pyrrolidines through 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloadditions. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Vardé
- Universidad de Buenos Aires Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Organic chemistry ARGENTINA
| | - Carla Marino
- Universidad de Buenos Aires Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Organic chemistry ARGENTINA
| | - Evangelina Repetto
- Universidad de Buenos Aires Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Organic chemistry ARGENTINA
| | - Oscar Jose Varela
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires Organic Chemistry Pabellon 2, Ciudad Universitaria 1428 Buenos Aires ARGENTINA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
The Glycan Structure of T. cruzi mucins Depends on the Host. Insights on the Chameleonic Galactose. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25173913. [PMID: 32867240 PMCID: PMC7504415 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi, the protozoa that causes Chagas disease in humans, is transmitted by insects from the Reduviidae family. The parasite has developed the ability to change the structure of the surface molecules, depending on the host. Among them, the mucins are the most abundant glycoproteins. Structural studies have focused on the epimastigotes and metacyclic trypomastigotes that colonize the insect, and on the mammal trypomastigotes. The carbohydrate in the mucins fulfills crucial functions, the most important of which being the accepting of sialic acid from the host, a process catalyzed by the unique parasite trans-sialidase. The sialylation of the parasite influences the immune response on infection. The O-linked sugars have characteristics that differentiate them from human mucins. One of them is the linkage to the polypeptide chain by the hexosamine, GlcNAc, instead of GalNAc. The main monosaccharide in the mucins oligosaccharides is galactose, and this may be present in three configurations. Whereas β-d-galactopyranose (β-Galp) was found in the insect and the human stages of Trypanosoma cruzi, β-d-galactofuranose (β-Galf) is present only in the mucins of some strains of epimastigotes and α-d-galactopyranose (α-Galp) characterizes the mucins of the bloodstream trypomastigotes. The two last configurations confer high antigenic properties. In this review we discuss the different structures found and we pose the questions that still need investigation on the exchange of the configurations of galactose.
Collapse
|
3
|
Seničar M, Lafite P, Eliseeva SV, Petoud S, Landemarre L, Daniellou R. Galactofuranose-Related Enzymes: Challenges and Hopes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103465. [PMID: 32423053 PMCID: PMC7278926 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Galactofuranose is a rare form of the well-known galactose sugar, and its occurrence in numerous pathogenic micro-organisms makes the enzymes responsible for its biosynthesis interesting targets. Herein, we review the role of these carbohydrate-related proteins with a special emphasis on the galactofuranosidases we recently characterized as an efficient recombinant biocatalyst.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mateja Seničar
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique, CNRS UMR 7311, Université d’Orléans, Rue de Chartres, BP 6759, CEDEX 2, 45067 Orléans, France; (M.S.); (P.L.)
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR 4301, Rue Charles Sadron CS 8005, 45071 Orléans, France; (S.V.E.); (S.P.)
| | - Pierre Lafite
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique, CNRS UMR 7311, Université d’Orléans, Rue de Chartres, BP 6759, CEDEX 2, 45067 Orléans, France; (M.S.); (P.L.)
| | - Svetlana V. Eliseeva
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR 4301, Rue Charles Sadron CS 8005, 45071 Orléans, France; (S.V.E.); (S.P.)
| | - Stéphane Petoud
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR 4301, Rue Charles Sadron CS 8005, 45071 Orléans, France; (S.V.E.); (S.P.)
| | | | - Richard Daniellou
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique, CNRS UMR 7311, Université d’Orléans, Rue de Chartres, BP 6759, CEDEX 2, 45067 Orléans, France; (M.S.); (P.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-238-494-978
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Galactofuranosidase from JHA 19 Streptomyces sp.: subcloning and biochemical characterization. Carbohydr Res 2019; 480:35-41. [PMID: 31174175 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite the crucial role of the rare galactofuranose (Galf) in many pathogenic micro-organisms and our increased knowledge of its metabolism, there is still a lack of recombinant and efficient galactofuranoside hydrolase available for chemo-enzymatic synthetic purposes of specific galactofuranosyl-conjugates. Subcloning of the Galf-ase from JHA 19 Streptomyces sp. and its further overexpression lead us to the production of this enzyme with a yield of 0.5 mg/L of culture. It exhibits substrate specificity exclusively towards pNP β-d-Galf, giving a KM value of 250 μM, and the highest enzymatic efficiency ever observed of 14 mM-1 s-1. It proved to be stable to temperature up to 60 °C and to at least 4 freeze-thaw's cycles. Thus, Galf-ase demonstrated to be an efficient and stable biocatalyst with greatly improved specificity toward the galactofuranosyl entity, thus paving the way to the further development of transglycosylation and thioligation reactions.
Collapse
|
5
|
Oliveira Udry GA, Repetto E, Vega DR, Varela O. Synthesis of Enantiomeric Polyhydroxyalkylpyrrolidines from 1,3-Dipolar Cycloadducts. Evaluation as Inhibitors of a β-Galactofuranosidase. J Org Chem 2016; 81:4179-89. [PMID: 27116655 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b00514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Enantiomeric 2,3,4-tris(hydroxyalkyl)-5-phenylpyrrolidines have been synthesized from the major cycloadducts obtained by the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of sugar enones with azomethine ylides derived from natural amino acids. Reduction of the ketone carbonyl group of the cycloadducts, which possess a basic structure of bicyclic 6-(menthyloxy)hexahydropyrano[4,3-c]pyrrol-7(6H)one, afforded a number of pyrrolidine-based bicyclic systems. A sequence of reactions, which involved hydrolysis of the menthyloxy substituent, reduction, N-protection, and degradative oxidation, afforded varied pyrrolidine structures having diverse configurations and patterns of substitution; in particular, polyhydroxylated derivatives have been obtained. The unprotected products were isolated as pyrrolidinium trifluoroacetates. Because of the furanose-like nature of the target trihydroxyalkyl pyrrolidines, these molecules have been evaluated as inhibitors of the β-galactofuranosidase from Penicillium fellutanum. The compounds showed practically no inhibitory activity for concentration of pyrrolidines in the range of 0.1-1.6 mM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo A Oliveira Udry
- CIHIDECAR-CONICET-UBA, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires , Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Evangelina Repetto
- CIHIDECAR-CONICET-UBA, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires , Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel R Vega
- Departamento Física de la Materia Condensada, GAIyANN-CAC-CNEA y ECyT-UNSAM , Av. Gral. Paz 1499, San Martín, 1650 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Oscar Varela
- CIHIDECAR-CONICET-UBA, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires , Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lo Fiego MJ, Marino C, Varela O. Synthesis of galactofuranosyl-(1 → 5)-thiodisaccharide glycomimetics as inhibitors of a β-d-galactofuranosidase. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra06899a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Description of the synthesis, molecular modeling and inhibitory properties of furanosyl thiodisaccharides that are mimetics of the motif β-d-Galf-(1 → 5)-d-Galf, found in glycoconjugates of pathogenic microorganisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcos J. Lo Fiego
- CIHIDECAR-CONICET-UBA
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales
- Universidad de Buenos Aires
- Argentina
| | - Carla Marino
- CIHIDECAR-CONICET-UBA
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales
- Universidad de Buenos Aires
- Argentina
| | - Oscar Varela
- CIHIDECAR-CONICET-UBA
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales
- Universidad de Buenos Aires
- Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Marino C, Baldoni L. Synthesis of D-galactofuranose-containing molecules: design of galactofuranosyl acceptors. Chembiochem 2014; 15:188-204. [PMID: 24420700 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201300638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
D-Galactofuranose (D-Galf) is present in glycoconjugates of several pathogenic microorganisms but is absent in mammals, so it is a good target for the development of chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of microbial infections. This fact has increased interest in the synthesis of D-Galf-containing molecules for corresponding glycobiological studies. The synthesis of oligosaccharides, glycoconjugates, and mimetics of D-Galf requires specific methods for the preparation of galactose derivatives in the furanosic configuration, the synthesis of appropriate acceptors, and efficient glycosylation methods for the construction of α- and β-D-Galf linkages. This review summarizes the different strategies developed for the preparation of partially protected derivatives of D-Galf, suitable as acceptors for the construction of (1→2), (1→3), (1→5), and (1→6) link- ages, and describes recent applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Marino
- CIHIDECAR-CONICET-UBA, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón II, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires (Argentina).
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chlubnova I, Legentil L, Dureau R, Pennec A, Almendros M, Daniellou R, Nugier-Chauvin C, Ferrières V. Specific and non-specific enzymes for furanosyl-containing conjugates: biosynthesis, metabolism, and chemo-enzymatic synthesis. Carbohydr Res 2012; 356:44-61. [PMID: 22554502 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2012.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2012] [Revised: 04/02/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
There is no doubt now that the synthesis of compounds of varying complexity such as saccharides and derivatives thereof continuously grows with enzymatic methods. This review focuses on recent basic knowledge on enzymes specifically involved in the biosynthesis and degradation of furanosyl-containing polysaccharides and conjugates. Moreover, and when possible, biocatalyzed approaches, alternative to standard synthesis, will be detailed in order to strengthen the high potential of these biocatalysts to go further with the preparation of rare furanosides. Interesting results will be also proposed with chemo-enzymatic processes based on nonfuranosyl-specific enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Chlubnova
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, UMR 6226, Avenue du Général Leclerc, CS 50837, 35708 Rennes Cedex 7, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Stoco PH, Aresi C, Lückemeyer DD, Sperandio MM, Sincero TCM, Steindel M, Miletti LC, Grisard EC. Trypanosoma rangeli expresses a β-galactofuranosyl transferase. Exp Parasitol 2011; 130:246-52. [PMID: 22210157 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2011.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2011] [Revised: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Glycoconjugates play essential roles in cell recognition, infectivity and survival of protozoan parasites within their insect vectors and mammalian hosts. β-galactofuranose is a component of several glycoconjugates in many organisms, including a variety of trypanosomatids, but is absent in mammalian and African trypanosomes. Herein, we describe the presence of a β(1-3) galactofuranosyl transferase (GALFT), an important enzyme of the galactofuranose biosynthetic pathway, in Trypanosoma rangeli. The T. rangeli GALFT gene (TrGALFT) has an ORF of 1.2 Kb and is organized in two copies in the T. rangeli genome. Antibodies raised against an internal fragment of the transferase demonstrated a 45 kDa protein coded by TrGALFT was localized in the whole cytoplasm, mainly in the Golgi apparatus and equally expressed in epimastigotes and trypomastigotes from T. rangeli. Despite the high sequence similarity with Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp. orthologous TrGALFT showed a substitution of the metal-binding DXD motif, conserved amongst glycosyltransferases, for a DXE functionally analogous motif. Moreover, a reduced number of GALFT genes were present in T. rangeli when compared with other pathogenic kinetoplastid species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Hermes Stoco
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-970, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tefsen B, Ram AF, van Die I, Routier FH. Galactofuranose in eukaryotes: aspects of biosynthesis and functional impact. Glycobiology 2011; 22:456-69. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwr144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
|
11
|
Bordoni A, de Lederkremer RM, Marino C. Synthesis of 5-deoxy-β-d-galactofuranosides as tools for the characterization of β-d-galactofuranosidases. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:5339-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2010] [Revised: 05/13/2010] [Accepted: 05/14/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
12
|
Richards MR, Lowary TL. Chemistry and biology of galactofuranose-containing polysaccharides. Chembiochem 2009; 10:1920-38. [PMID: 19591187 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200900208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The thermodynamically less stable form of galactose-galactofuranose (Galf)-is essential for the viability of several pathogenic species of bacteria and protozoa but absent in this form in mammals, so the biochemical pathways by which Galf-containing glycans are assembled and catabolysed are attractive sites for drug action. This potential has led to increasing interest in the synthesis of molecules containing Galf residues, their subsequent use in studies directed towards understanding the enzymes that process these residues and the identification of potential inhibitors of these pathways. Major achievements of the past several years have included an in-depth understanding of the mechanism of UDP-galactopyranose mutase (UGM), the enzyme that produces UDP-Galf, which is the donor species for galactofuranosyltransferases. A number of methods for the synthesis of galactofuranosides have also been developed, and practitioners in the field now have many options for the initiation of a synthesis of glycoconjugates containing either alpha- or beta-Galf residues. UDP-Galf has also been prepared by a number of approaches, and it appears that a chemoenzymatic approach is currently the most viable method for producing multi-milligram amounts of this important intermediate. Recent advances both in the understanding of the mechanism of UGM and in the synthesis of galactofuranose and its derivatives are highlighted in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele R Richards
- Alberta Ingenuity Centre for Carbohydrate Science and Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Centre, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2 (Canada)
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa M de Lederkremer
- Departamento de Quimica Organica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Repetto E, Marino C, Laura Uhrig M, Varela O. Thiodisaccharides with galactofuranose or arabinofuranose as terminal units: Synthesis and inhibitory activity of an exo β-d-galactofuranosidase. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:2703-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2008] [Revised: 02/18/2009] [Accepted: 02/20/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
15
|
Baldoni L, Marino C. Facile Synthesis of per-O-tert-Butyldimethylsilyl-β-d-galactofuranose and Efficient Glycosylation via the Galactofuranosyl Iodide. J Org Chem 2009; 74:1994-2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jo8025274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Baldoni
- CIHIDECAR-CONICET, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón II, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carla Marino
- CIHIDECAR-CONICET, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón II, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Facile synthesis of methyl α- and β-d-[6-3H]galactofuranosides from d-galacturonic acid. Substrates for the detection of galactofuranosidases. Carbohydr Res 2008; 343:1863-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2008.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2008] [Revised: 02/19/2008] [Accepted: 02/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
17
|
Lopez G, Nugier-Chauvin C, Rémond C, O'Donohue M. Investigation of the specificity of an α-l-arabinofuranosidase using C-2 and C-5 modified α-l-arabinofuranosides. Carbohydr Res 2007; 342:2202-11. [PMID: 17601513 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2007.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2007] [Revised: 05/25/2007] [Accepted: 06/02/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of three novel glycosyl donors presenting the same scaffold as alpha-L-arabinofuranose but modified at the C-2 or C-5 positions has been achieved. Furthermore, chemoenzymatic syntheses using the alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase AbfD3 and these unnatural furanosides were investigated. The use of the novel p-nitrophenyl furanoside donors revealed that AbfD3 can perform transglycosylation with the C-5 deoxygenated donor but not with the C-2 modified one. These results emphasize the vital role for OH-2 in AbfD3 substrate recognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gérald Lopez
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, UMR CNRS 6226 Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Equipe Synthèse Organique et Systèmes Organisés, Avenue du Général Leclerc, F-35700 Rennes, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Euzen R, Lopez G, Nugier-Chauvin C, Ferrières V, Plusquellec D, Rémond C, O’Donohue M. A Chemoenzymatic Approach for the Synthesis of Unnatural Disaccharides ContainingD-Galacto- orD-Fucofuranosides. European J Org Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200500525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|