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Hilda K, Bhuvaragavan S, Kamatchi R, Meenakumari M, Janarthanan S. Cloning, expression and characterization of arcelin and its impact on digestive enzymes of the stored product insect pest, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.). PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 180:104982. [PMID: 34955175 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.104982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The pulse beetle Callosobruchus maculatus causes potential damage to legume crops by infesting the seeds, leading to a reduction of total protein content. Arcelin found in the wild accessions of the common bean, is an insecticidal protein that has the potency to hamper the metabolism of the bruchid beetle. The arcelin gene from the wild accession of Phaseolus lunatus was isolated and the ORF encoding 158 amino acids was cloned in pET-45b (+) vector. The recombinant clones were transformed in BL21 STAR (DE3) pLysS cells, and the expressed arcelin was purified using Ni-NTA column. The recombinant protein was used in preparing an artificial diet, and the insecticidal activity was elucidated against the bruchid pest C. maculatus. Adult emergence and seed damage were drastically reduced in the treated groups. The response towards ingested diet by digestive enzymes involved in metabolism was elucidated through quantitative gene expression. The highest expression was observed in the aminopeptidase, followed by upregulation of alpha-amylase, glycoside hydrolase family 31 and cathepsin D-like aspartic protease, and downregulation of cathepsin L-like cysteine protease. The recombinant arcelin demonstrates effective insecticidal activity against the bruchid beetle. The changes in digestive enzymes to counteract the anti-nutritional nature of the protein were the strategies of the insect defense mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karuppiah Hilda
- Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India
| | | | | | - Mani Meenakumari
- Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - Sundaram Janarthanan
- Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India.
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Li M, Liu Q, Cui Y, Li D, Wang H, Ng TB. Isolation and Characterization of a Phaseolus vulgaris Trypsin Inhibitor with Antiproliferative Activity on Leukemia and Lymphoma Cells. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22010187. [PMID: 28125005 PMCID: PMC6155916 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22010187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A 17.5-kDa trypsin inhibitor was purified from Phaseolus vulgaris cv. “gold bean” with an isolation protocol including ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose (Diethylaminoethyl-cellulose), affinity chromatography on Affi-gel blue gel, ion exchange chromatography on SP-sepharose (Sulfopropyl-sepharose), and gel filtration by FPLC (Fast protein liquid chromatography) on Superdex 75. It dose-dependently inhibited trypsin with an IC50 value of 0.4 μM, and this activity was reduced in the presence of dithiothreitol in a dose- and time-dependent manner, signifying the importance of the disulfide linkage to the activity. It inhibited [methyl-3H] thymidine incorporation by leukemia L1210 cells and lymphoma MBL2 cells with an IC50 value of 2.3 μM and 2.5 μM, respectively. The inhibitor had no effect on fungal growth and the activities of various viral enzymes when tested up to 100 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Li
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Microbiology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
- Engineering Research Center of System-Nutrition, Beijing Research Institute for Nutritional Resources, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Qin Liu
- Institute of Plant Nutrition, Agricultural Resources and Environmental Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Yajuan Cui
- Engineering Research Center of System-Nutrition, Beijing Research Institute for Nutritional Resources, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Dong Li
- Engineering Research Center of System-Nutrition, Beijing Research Institute for Nutritional Resources, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Hexiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Microbiology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Tzi Bun Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
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Venturelli GL, Brod FCA, Rossi GB, Zimmermann NF, Oliveira JP, Faria JC, Arisi ACM. A Specific Endogenous Reference for Genetically Modified Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) DNA Quantification by Real-Time PCR Targeting Lectin Gene. Mol Biotechnol 2014; 56:1060-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s12033-014-9786-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Isolation and characterization of a Kunitz-type trypsin inhibitor with antiproliferative activity from Gymnocladus chinensis (Yunnan bean) seeds. Protein J 2011; 30:240-6. [PMID: 21468674 PMCID: PMC7088384 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-011-9325-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A 20-kDa Kunitz-type trypsin inhibitor was isolated from Gymnocladus chinensis (Yunnan bean) seeds. The isolation procedure involved ion exchange chromatography on diethylaminoethyl cellulose (DEAE-cellulose), affinity chromatography on Affi-gel blue gel, ion exchange chromatography on sulfopropyl sepharose (SP-sepharose), and gel filtration by FPLC on Superdex 75. The trypsin inhibitor was adsorbed on DEAE-cellulose, unadsorbed on Affi-gel blue gel, and adsorbed on SP-Sepharose. It dose-dependently inhibited trypsin with an IC50 value of 0.4 μM. Dithiothreitol reduced its trypsin inhibitory activity, suggesting that an intact disulfide bond is indispensable to the activity. It suppressed [methyl-3H] thymidine incorporation by leukemia L1210 cells and lymphoma MBL2 cells with an IC50 value of 4.7 and 9.4 μM, respectively. There was no effect on human immunodeficiency virus4-1 reverse transcriptase activity and fungal growth when the trypsin inhibitor was tested up to 100 μM.
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Trypsin isoinhibitors with antiproliferative activity toward leukemia cells from Phaseolus vulgaris cv "White Cloud Bean". J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2010:219793. [PMID: 20617140 PMCID: PMC2896657 DOI: 10.1155/2010/219793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2009] [Accepted: 04/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A purification protocol that comprised ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, affinity chromatography on Affi-gel blue gel, ion exchange chromatography on SP-Sepharose, and gel filtration by FPLC on Superdex 75 was complied to isolate two trypsin inhibitors from Phaseolus vulgaris cv “White Cloud Bean”. Both trypsin inhibitors exhibited a molecular mass of 16 kDa and reduced the activity of trypsin with an IC50 value of about 0.6 μM. Dithiothreitol attenuated the trypsin inhibitory activity, signifying that an intact disulfide bond is indispensable to the activity. [Methyl-3H] thymidine incorporation by leukemia L1210 cells was inhibited with an IC50 value of 28.8 μM and 21.5 μM, respectively. They were lacking in activity toward lymphoma MBL2 cells and inhibitory effect on HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and fungal growth when tested up to 100 μM.
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Zhao S, Guo YX, Liu QH, Wang HX, Ng TB. Lectins but not antifungal proteins exhibit anti-nematode activity. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2009; 28:265-268. [PMID: 21784014 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2009.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2009] [Revised: 04/27/2009] [Accepted: 05/02/2009] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A variety of lectins and antifungal proteins were tested for toxicity against the plant parasitic nematodes Ditylenchus dipsaci and Heterodera glycines. It was found that lectins from the mushrooms Xylaria hypoxylon, Agrocybe cylindracea and Tricholoma mongolicum (TML-1) were the most potent against D. dipsaci, with EC(50) being 4.7, 9, and 20mg/ml, respectively. Lectins from Pseudostellaria heterophylla, samta tomato, and the mushrooms T. mongolicum (TML-2), Ganoderma lucidum, and Boletus edulis, and antifungal proteins from Ginkgo biloba toward D. dipsaci and pumpkin Cucurbita moschata had much lower anti-nematode potencies and could be considered as inactive for practical purposes. All lectins except that from P.heterophylle were potent against H.glycines.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Microbiology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Ho VSM, Ng TB. A Bowman-Birk trypsin inhibitor with antiproliferative activity from Hokkaido large black soybeans. J Pept Sci 2008; 14:278-82. [PMID: 17880027 DOI: 10.1002/psc.922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2007] [Accepted: 07/24/2007] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A trypsin inhibitor, with an N-terminal sequence highly homologous to those of 8-kDa Bowman-Birk trypsin inhibitors, was isolated from the seeds of Hokkaido large black soybeans. The trypsin inhibitor was unadsorbed on SP-Sepharose but adsorbed on DEAE-cellulose and Mono Q. It inhibited proliferation in breast cancer (MCF-7) cells and hepatoma (Hep G2) cells with an IC50 of 35 and 140 microM, respectively. The trypsin inhibitory activity of the inhibitor was completely preserved after exposure to temperatures up to 100 degrees C for 30 min and to the pH range 2-13 for the same duration. The trypsin inhibitor inhibited HIV-1 reverse transcriptase with an IC50 of 38 microM, but was devoid of antifungal activity toward Fusarium oxysporum and Mycosphaerella arachidicola.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent S M Ho
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
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Lioi L, Sparvoli F, Galasso I, Lanave C, Bollini R. Lectin-related resistance factors against bruchids evolved through a number of duplication events. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2003; 107:814-22. [PMID: 12819911 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-003-1343-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2003] [Accepted: 05/07/2003] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Abundant lectin-related proteins found in common beans ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) have been shown to confer resistance against the larvae of a number of bruchid species. Genes encoding for these proteins are members of the lectin multigene family, the most representative components being arcelins, phytohemagglutinins and alpha-amylase inhibitors. Arcelins have been described in seven variants, some of which are resistance factors against the Mexican bean weevil ( Zabrotes subfasciatus), a major bean predator. In this study the isolation and sequencing of arcelin genes from wild P. vulgaris genotypes, containing Arc3 and Arc7 variants, is reported, and similarities and evolutionary relationships among the seven known arcelins are described. The evolutionary analysis shows that arcelins 3 and 4 cluster together and are the most-ancient variants. A duplication event gave rise to two additional clusters, one comprising arcelins 1, 2 and 6 and separated from the cluster of arcelins 5 and 7. A multiple number of arcelin genes were found in arcelin 3 and 4 genotypes indicating that more than one type of arcelin gene may be present in the same locus. Some of these sequences are reminiscent of ancient duplication events in arcelin evolution demonstrating that arcelins have evolved through multiple duplications. A further aim of this paper was to better understand and describe the evolution of the entire lectin multigene family. Beside arcelins, a number of other types of sequences, such as putative lectins and sequences not easily classifiable, were found in genotypes containing Arc3 and Arc4. These results, together with the evolutionary analysis, indicate that lectin loci are quite complex and confirm their origin by multiple duplication events.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lioi
- Istituto di Genetica Vegetale, CNR, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy.
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Carlini CR, Grossi-de-Sá MF. Plant toxic proteins with insecticidal properties. A review on their potentialities as bioinsecticides. Toxicon 2002; 40:1515-39. [PMID: 12419503 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-0101(02)00240-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
To meet the demands for food of the expanding world population, there is need of new ways for protecting plant crops against predators and pathogens while avoiding the use of environmentally aggressive chemicals. A milestone in this field was the introduction into crop plants of genes expressing Bacillus thuringiensis entomotoxic proteins. In spite of the success of this new technology, however, there are difficulties for acceptance of these 'anti-natural' products by the consumers and some concerns about its biosafety in mammals. An alternative could be exploring the plant's own defense mechanisms, by manipulating the expression of their endogenous defense proteins, or introducing an insect control gene derived from another plant. This review deals with the biochemical features and mechanisms of actions of plant proteins supposedly involved in defense mechanisms against insects, including lectins, ribosome-inactivating proteins, enzymes inhibitors, arcelins, chitinases, ureases, and modified storage proteins. The potentialities of genetic engineering of plants with increased resistance to insect predation relying on the repertoire of genes found in plants are also discussed. Several different genes encoding plant entomotoxic proteins have been introduced into crop genomes and many of these insect resistant plants are now being tested in field conditions or awaiting commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célia R Carlini
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 91.501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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