1
|
Hamel-Côté G, Lapointe F, Gendron D, Rola-Pleszczynski M, Stankova J. Regulation of platelet-activating factor-induced interleukin-8 expression by protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:21. [PMID: 30832675 PMCID: PMC6399872 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0334-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a potent lipid mediator whose involvement in the onset and progression of atherosclerosis is mediated by, among others, the modulation of cytokine expression patterns. The presence of multiple potential protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) 1B substrates in PAF receptor signaling pathways brought us to investigate its involvement in PAF-induced cytokine expression in monocyte-derived dendritic cells (Mo-DCs) and to study the pathways involved in this modulation. Methods We used in-vitro-matured human dendritic cells and the HEK-293 cell line in our studies. PTP1B inhibition was though siRNAs and a selective inhibitor. Cytokine expression was studied with RT-PCR, luciferase assays and ELISA. Phosphorylation status of kinases and transcription factors was studied with western blotting. Results Here, we report that PTP1B was involved in the modulation of cytokine expression in PAF-stimulated Mo-DCs. A study of the down-regulation of PAF-induced IL-8 expression, by PTP1B, showed modulation of PAF-induced transactivation of the IL-8 promoter which was dependent on the presence of the C/EBPß -binding site. Results also suggested that PTP1B decreased PAF-induced IL-8 production by a glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3-dependent pathway via activation of the Src family kinases (SFK). These kinases activated an unidentified pathway at early stimulation times and the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in a later phase. This change in GSK-3 activity decreased the C/EBPß phosphorylation levels of the threonine 235, a residue whose phosphorylation is known to increase C/EBPß transactivation potential, and consequently modified IL-8 expression. Conclusion The negative regulation of GSK-3 activity by PTP1B and the consequent decrease in phosphorylation of the C/EBPß transactivation domain could be an important negative feedback loop by which cells control their cytokine production after PAF stimulation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12964-019-0334-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geneviève Hamel-Côté
- Immunology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 4N5, Canada
| | - Fanny Lapointe
- Immunology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 4N5, Canada
| | - Daniel Gendron
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Dairy and Swine Research and Development Center, 2000 College Street, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Marek Rola-Pleszczynski
- Immunology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 4N5, Canada
| | - Jana Stankova
- Immunology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 4N5, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Claud EC, Lu J, Wang XQ, Abe M, Petrof EO, Sun J, Nelson DJ, Marks J, Jilling T. Platelet-activating factor-induced chloride channel activation is associated with intracellular acidosis and apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2008; 294:G1191-200. [PMID: 18339705 PMCID: PMC2675178 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00318.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a phospholipid inter- and intracellular mediator implicated in intestinal injury primarily via induction of an inflammatory cascade. We find that PAF also has direct pathological effects on intestinal epithelial cells (IEC). PAF induces Cl(-) channel activation, which is associated with intracellular acidosis and apoptosis. Using the rat small IEC line IEC-6, electrophysiological experiments demonstrated that PAF induces Cl(-) channel activation. This PAF-activated Cl(-) current was inhibited by Ca(2+) chelation and a calcium calmodulin kinase II inhibitor, suggesting PAF activation of a Ca(2+)-activated Cl(-) channel. To determine the pathological consequences of Cl(-) channel activation, microfluorimetry experiments were performed, which revealed PAF-induced intracellular acidosis, which is also inhibited by the Cl(-) channel inhibitor 4,4'diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'disulfonic acid and Ca(2+) chelation. PAF-induced intracellular acidosis is associated with caspase 3 activation and DNA fragmentation. PAF-induced caspase activation was abolished in cells transfected with a pH compensatory Na/H exchanger construct to enhance H(+) extruding ability and prevent intracellular acidosis. As ClC-3 is a known intestinal Cl(-) channel dependent on both Ca(2+) and calcium calmodulin kinase II phosphorylation, we generated ClC-3 knockdown cells using short hairpin RNA. PAF induced Cl(-) current; acidosis and apoptosis were all significantly decreased in ClC-3 knockdown cells. Our data suggest a novel mechanism of PAF-induced injury by which PAF induces intracellular acidosis via activation of the Ca(2+)-dependent Cl(-) channel ClC-3, resulting in apoptosis of IEC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erika C. Claud
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Evanston Northwestern Healthcare, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Xue Qing Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, Pharmacology, and Physiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Mark Abe
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Elaine O. Petrof
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jun Sun
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Deborah J. Nelson
- Department of Neurobiology, Pharmacology, and Physiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jeremy Marks
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Tamas Jilling
- Department of Pediatrics, Evanston Northwestern Healthcare, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tiemann U. The role of platelet-activating factor in the mammalian female reproductive tract. Reprod Domest Anim 2008; 43:647-55. [PMID: 18363604 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2007.00959.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a potent lipid mediator produced by various cell types of mammals and is involved in an inflammatory-like process with increased vascular permeability. Platelet-activating factor exerts its actions through the activation of specific PAF receptors (PAF-R) found in cells and tissues of the female reproductive tract. The aim of this article was summarized briefly in the current research on the role of PAF in female reproductive functions. Platelet-activating factor has been implicated in processes of ovulation, implantation and parturition because of its angiogenic and growth factor properties. This factor is influenced by ovarian steroid hormones in bringing about changes in the uterus and is a candidate molecule for initial embryo-maternal dialogue. Tissue concentrations of PAF are regulated by the equilibrium between biosynthesis and degradation by PAF-acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH). Antagonists of PAF interfere with ovulation and implantation. Platelet-activating factor, its receptor, and PAF-AH activity play an important role in the maintenance of pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- U Tiemann
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Research Institute for the Biology of Farm Animals, Dummerstorf, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nishina A, Kimura H, Sekiguchi A, Fukumoto RH, Nakajima S, Furukawa S. Lysophosphatidylethanolamine in Grifola frondosa as a neurotrophic activator via activation of MAPK. J Lipid Res 2006; 47:1434-43. [PMID: 16614393 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m600045-jlr200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We found that Grifola frondosa extracts induced the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in cultured PC12 cells, a line of rat pheochromocytoma cells. The active substance was isolated by a few chromatographic steps, including high-performance liquid chromatography, and was identified to be lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) from various structural analyses. LPE from G. frondosa (GLPE) was confirmed to induce the activation of MAPK of cultured PC12 cells and was found to suppress cell condensation and DNA ladder generation evoked by serum deprivation, suggesting that the GLPE had antiapoptotic effects. Moreover, GLPE caused morphological changes in and upregulation of neurofilament M expression of PC12 cells, demonstrating that the GLPE could induce neuronal differentiation of these cells. The activation of MAPK by GLPE was suppressed by AG1478, an antagonist of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and by U0126, an inhibitor of MAPK kinase (MEK1/2), but not by K252a, an inhibitor of TrkA, or by pertussis toxin. These results demonstrate that GLPE induced the MAPK cascade [EGFR-MEK1/2-extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (ERK1/2)] of PC12 cells, the activation of which induced neuronal differentiation and suppressed serum deprivation-induced apoptosis. This study has clarified for the first time the involvement of the MAPK signal cascade in LPE actions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsuyoshi Nishina
- Gunma Industrial Technology Center, 884-1 Kamesato, Maebashi, Gunma 379-2147, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Marchiani S, Bonaccorsi L, Ferruzzi P, Crescioli C, Muratori M, Adorini L, Forti G, Maggi M, Baldi E. The vitamin D analogue BXL-628 inhibits growth factor-stimulated proliferation and invasion of DU145 prostate cancer cells. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2006; 132:408-16. [PMID: 16485114 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-006-0086-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2005] [Accepted: 01/09/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Suppression of the invasive phenotype is essential in developing new therapeutic tools to treat advanced prostate cancer (PC) indicating that androgen-independent prostate cancer (AI-PC) is characterized by increased metastatic potential. In the present study, we have investigated the effect of the nonhypercalcemic vitamin D analogue BXL-628 on proliferation and invasive properties of the human PC cell line DU145. In particular, the effect of the analogue was tested following stimulation with a potent growth factor, keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), which stimulates both proliferation and invasion of these cells. We have also evaluated the effect of the analogue on KGF stimulation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. METHODS Cell proliferation was determined by cell counting. Invasion through Matrigel was evaluated using Boyden chambers. PI3K activity was measured by immunokinase assay and AKT phosphorylation was evaluated by western blot analysis. Keratinocyte growth factor receptor (KGFR) autotransphosphorylation was evaluated by western blot after immunoprecipitation of the receptor. RESULTS BXL-628 is able to inhibit both proliferation and invasion of DU145 cells in basal conditions and in response to KGF. Following stimulation with KGF, the inhibition is due to suppression of KGFR autotransphosphorylation and downstream PI3K/AKT activation, both achieved following a brief (5 min) incubation with the analogue. This effect on KGFR autophosphorylation was still present when cells were treated with the alpha-amanitin, an inhibitor of RNA transcription, indicating a rapid, nongenomic effect. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that the vitamin D analogue BXL-628 is able to suppress KGF-induced proliferation and invasion of AI-PC cells in vitro, prospecting a possible use of the drug, which is currently in phase II clinical studies for benign prostatic hyperplasia, in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Marchiani
- Department of Clinical Physiopathology, Andrology Unit, Center of Research, Transfer and High Education DeNothe, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Firenze, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Peri A, Bonaccorsi L, Cioppi F, Muratori M, Luconi M, Granchi S, Maggi M, Baldi E. The effects of an autocrine loop mediated by platelet-activating factor (PAF) in HEC-1A cells are reverted by uteroglobin. Hum Cell 2004; 16:95-9. [PMID: 15005239 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-0774.2003.tb00139.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Peri
- Department of Clinical Physiopathology, Endocrine Unit, University of Florence, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Caplan MS, Amer M, Jilling T. The role of human milk in necrotizing enterocolitis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2003; 503:83-90. [PMID: 12026031 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-0559-4_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Caplan
- Department of Pediatrics, Evanston Northwestern Healthcare Research Institute, Northwestern University Medical School, IL 60201, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Claud EC, Li D, Xiao Y, Caplan MS, Jilling T. Platelet-activating factor regulates chloride transport in colonic epithelial cell monolayers. Pediatr Res 2002; 52:155-62. [PMID: 12149490 DOI: 10.1203/00006450-200208000-00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal diseases such as necrotizing enterocolitis, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis. However, neither the physiologic role of PAF in the intestine, nor the mechanisms by which PAF participates in the pathogenesis of disease are well understood. The aim of the present study was to determine the direct effect of PAF on intestinal epithelial cell ion transport, and to delineate the mechanisms of regulation. Ion transport was evaluated by measuring short circuit current (I(sc)) in HT29-CL19A cell monolayers using Ussing chambers. PAF receptor polarity was assessed using domain-selective biotinylation followed by immunoprecipitation and streptavidin blotting of intact epithelial monolayers. PAF (1-200 microM) stimulated I(sc) that followed the direction of a Cl(-) gradient and was specifically inhibited by the Cl(-) channel blockers glybenclamide, 2,2' iminodibenzoic acid and 4,4' diisothiocyanostilbene-2, 2' disulfonic acid, but was unaffected by the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis with indomethacin. Stimulated I(sc) was only detected after apical addition of PAF, correlating with the results of biotinylation experiments indicating an exclusive apical polarity of the PAF receptor. PAF receptor antagonists CV6209 and octylonium bromide abolished PAF-stimulated I(sc). Thus, mucosal acting PAF directly and specifically stimulates ion transport via activation of an apical Cl(-) channel in intestinal epithelial cell monolayers independent of prostaglandin biosynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erika C Claud
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Massachusetts General Hospital East Building, Charlestown 02129, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Silva-Neto MAC, Carneiro AB, Vieira DP, Mesquita RD, Lopes AHCS. Platelet-activating factor (PAF) activates casein kinase 2 in the protozoan parasite Herpetomonas muscarum muscarum. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2002; 293:1358-63. [PMID: 12054663 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(02)00395-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Herpetomonas muscarum muscarum is a flagellate parasite of the family Trypanosomatidae, whose cell differentiation can be triggered by the lipid mediator, PAF. In this study we demonstrate for the first time that PAF effect relies on the activation of casein kinase 2 (CK2). The classical antagonist of PAF receptor, WEB 2086, abrogated PAF-enhanced CK2 activity. CK2 activation by PAF was also inhibited when parasite extracts were assayed in the presence of modulators of PKC, MAPK, and both Ser/Thr and Tyr phosphatases. Finally, a cell permeable inhibitor of CK2 (DRB) suppressed PAF-induced cell differentiation in a dose-dependent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mário A C Silva-Neto
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica, ICB, CCS, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, P.O. Box 68041, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-590, RJ, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mannori G, Barletta E, Mugnai G, Ruggieri S. Interaction of tumor cells with vascular endothelia: role of platelet-activating factor. Clin Exp Metastasis 2001; 18:89-96. [PMID: 11206844 DOI: 10.1023/a:1026548700247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We investigated whether tumor cell/endothelia interaction can be influenced by platelet-activating factor (PAF, 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine), a lipid mediator that promotes adhesiveness and extravasation of leukocytes in the inflammatory reaction. We found that the PAF receptor antagonist WEB 2086 prevents adhesion of melanoma Hs294T and colon carcinoma LS180 lines to IL-1-stimulated endothelial cells. Moreover, PAF stimulated the adhesiveness of Hs294T and LS180 cells to VCAM-1 and E- selectin, respectively, in an artificial model consisting of recombinant adhesive proteins bound to protein A-coated substrata. Thus, tumoral and not endothelial cell surface seems to be involved in the PAF-mediated enhancement of tumor cell adhesiveness to IL-1-activated endothelia. This observation is supported by the finding that Hs294T and LS180 cells express high affinity and functionally active receptors for PAF. By using specific inhibitors, we found that PAF-induced enhancement of cell adhesiveness was mediated by G-protein activation and protein tyrosine phosphorylation. In addition, protein tyrosine phosphorylation was observed in Hs294T and LS180 cells stimulated by PAF. In conclusion, we demonstrated that PAF-mediated activation of tumor cells enhances their adhesiveness to IL-1-stimulated vascular endothelia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Mannori
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Italy
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Peri A, Bonaccorsi L, Muratori M, Luconi M, Baldi E, Granchi S, Pesciullesi A, Mini E, Cioppi F, Forti G, Serio M, Miele L, Maggi M. Uteroglobin reverts the transformed phenotype in the endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line HEC-1A by disrupting the metabolic pathways generating platelet-activating factor. Int J Cancer 2000; 88:525-34. [PMID: 11058867 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0215(20001115)88:4<525::aid-ijc3>3.0.co;2-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Uteroglobin, originally named blastokinin, is a protein synthesized and secreted by most epithelia, including the endometrium. Uteroglobin has strong anti-inflammatory properties that appear to be due, at least in part, to its inhibitory effect on the activity of the enzyme phospholipase A(2). In addition, recent experimental evidence indicates that uteroglobin exerts antiproliferative and antimetastatic effects in different cancer cells via a membrane receptor. The human endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line HEC-1A does not express uteroglobin. Thus, we transfected HEC-1A cells with human uteroglobin cDNA. The transfectants showed a markedly reduced proliferative potential as assessed by impaired plating efficiency as well as by reduced growth in soft agar. Cytofluorimetric analysis clearly indicated that in uteroglobin-transfected cells the time for completion of the cell cycle was increased. We previously demonstrated that HEC-1A cells actively synthesize platelet-activating factor, one of the products of phospholipase A(2) activity. In addition, we demonstrated that platelet-activating factor stimulates the proliferation of these cells through an autocrine loop. In uteroglobin transfectants, the activity of phospholipase A(2) and platelet-activating factor acetyl-transferase, which are involved in the synthesis of platelet-activating factor, was significantly reduced compared with wild-type and vector-transfected cells (p < 0.05). Our results indicate that enforced expression of uteroglobin in HEC-1A cells markedly reduced their growth potential and significantly impaired the synthesis of platelet-activating factor, an autocrine growth factor for these cells. These data suggest that one possible mechanism for the recently observed antineoplastic properties of uteroglobin may be the inhibition of the synthesis of platelet-activating factor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Peri
- Department of Clinical Physiopathology, Endocrinology Unit, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Maruoka S, Hashimoto S, Gon Y, Takeshita I, Horie T. PAF-induced RANTES production by human airway smooth muscle cells requires both p38 MAP kinase and Erk. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 161:922-9. [PMID: 10712344 DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm.161.3.9906059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells, which have been regarded as having contractile properties in response to contractile inflammatory mediators, may also participate in airway inflammatory response by expressing various cytokines, including RANTES. However, the intracellular signal that regulates cytokine expression in ASM cells has not been determined. In the present study, we examined the role of p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) in RANTES production by ASM cells stimulated by platelet-activating factor (PAF) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. The results showed that PAF induced the threonine and tyrosine phosphorylation of p38 MAP kinase and Erk, and p38 MAP kinase and Erk activity. SB 203580 and PD 98059 almost completely inhibited p38 MAP kinase and Erk activity, respectively. SB 203580 and PD 98059 partially inhibited and acted additively to inhibit PAF-induced RANTES production. PAF also induced c-Jun-NH(2)-terminal kinase ( JNK) phosphorylation. TNF-alpha induced p38 MAP kinase and Erk phosphorylation, but neither SB 203580 nor PD 98059 inhibited RANTES production. These results indicate that both p38 MAP kinase and Erk involve RANTES production by ASM cells stimulated with PAF, but not TNF-alpha, and that the role of p38 MAP kinase and Erk in RANTES production by ASM cells appears to be stimulus-dependent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Maruoka
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ishii S, Shimizu T. Platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor and genetically engineered PAF receptor mutant mice. Prog Lipid Res 2000; 39:41-82. [PMID: 10729607 DOI: 10.1016/s0163-7827(99)00016-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-activating factor (PAF, 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) is a biologically active phospholipid mediator. Although PAF was initially recognized for its potential to induce platelet aggregation and secretion, intense investigations have elucidated potent biological actions of PAF in a broad range of cell types and tissues, many of which also produce the molecule. PAF acts by binding to a unique G-protein-coupled seven transmembrane receptor. PAF receptor is linked to intracellular signal transduction pathways, including turnover of phosphatidylinositol, elevation in intracellular calcium concentration, and activation of kinases, resulting in versatile bioactions. On the basis of numerous pharmacological reports, PAF is thought to have many pathophysiological and physiological functions. Recently advanced molecular technics enable us not only to clone PAF receptor cDNAs and genes, but also generate PAF receptor mutant animals, i.e., PAF receptor-overexpressing mouse and PAF receptor-deficient mouse. These mutant mice gave us a novel and specific approach for identifying the pathophysiological and physiological functions of PAF. This review also describes the phenotypes of these mutant mice and discusses them by referring to previously reported pharmacological and genetical data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Ishii
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mukherjee PK, DeCoster MA, Campbell FZ, Davis RJ, Bazan NG. Glutamate receptor signaling interplay modulates stress-sensitive mitogen-activated protein kinases and neuronal cell death. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:6493-8. [PMID: 10037742 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.10.6493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutamate receptors modulate multiple signaling pathways, several of which involve mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, with subsequent physiological or pathological consequences. Here we report that stimulation of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, using platelet-activating factor (PAF) as a messenger, activates MAP kinases, including c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, p38, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase, in primary cultures of hippocampal neurons. Activation of the metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) blocks this NMDA-signaling through PAF and MAP kinases, and the resultant cell death. Recombinant PAF-acetylhydrolase degrades PAF generated by NMDA-receptor activation; the hetrazepine BN50730 (an intracellular PAF receptor antagonist) also inhibits both NMDA-stimulated MAP kinases and neuronal cell death. The finding that the NMDA receptor-PAF-MAP kinase signaling pathway is attenuated by mGluR activation highlights the exquisite interplay between glutamate receptors in the decision making process between neuronal survival and death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P K Mukherjee
- LSU Neuroscience Center, Louisiana State University Medical Center School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|