1
|
Bock-Pereda A, Cruz-Soca M, Gallardo FS, Córdova-Casanova A, Gutierrez-Rojas C, Faundez-Contreras J, Chun J, Casar JC, Brandan E. Involvement of lysophosphatidic acid-LPA 1-YAP signaling in healthy and pathological FAPs migration. Matrix Biol 2024:S0945-053X(24)00107-0. [PMID: 39153517 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2024.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle fibrosis is defined as the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components and is a hallmark of muscular dystrophies. Fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) are the main source of ECM, and thus have been strongly implicated in fibrogenesis. In skeletal muscle fibrotic models, including muscular dystrophies, FAPs undergo dysregulations in terms of proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, however few studies have explored the impact of FAPs migration. Here, we studied fibroblast and FAPs migration and identified lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a signaling lipid central to skeletal muscle fibrogenesis, as a significant migration inductor. We identified LPA receptor 1 (LPA1) mediated signaling as crucial for this effect through a mechanism dependent on the Hippo pathway, another pathway implicated in fibrosis across diverse tissues. This cross-talk favors the activation of the Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP) and Transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), leading to increased expression of fibrosis-associated genes. This study reveals the role of YAP in LPA-mediated fibrotic responses as inhibition of YAP transcriptional coactivator activity hinders LPA-induced migration in fibroblasts and FAPs. Moreover, we found that FAPs derived from the mdx4cv mice, a murine model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, display a heightened migratory phenotype due to enhanced LPA signaling compared to wild-type FAPs. Remarkably, we found that the inhibition of LPA1 or YAP transcriptional coactivator activity in mdx4cv FAPs reverts this phenotype. In summary, the identified LPA-LPA1-YAP pathway emerges as a critical driver of skeletal muscle FAPs migration and provides insights into potential novel targets to mitigate fibrosis in muscular dystrophies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexia Bock-Pereda
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330025, Chile; Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida, Santiago 7750000, Chile.
| | - Meilyn Cruz-Soca
- Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida, Santiago 7750000, Chile.
| | - Felipe S Gallardo
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330025, Chile; Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida, Santiago 7750000, Chile.
| | | | - Cristian Gutierrez-Rojas
- Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida, Santiago 7750000, Chile; Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340025, Chile; Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330025, Chile.
| | - Jennifer Faundez-Contreras
- Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida, Santiago 7750000, Chile; Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago 7510602, Chile.
| | - Jerold Chun
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States.
| | - Juan Carlos Casar
- Departamento de Neurología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile..
| | - Enrique Brandan
- Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida, Santiago 7750000, Chile; Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago 7510602, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lysophosphatidylinositol Induced Morphological Changes and Stress Fiber Formation through the GPR55-RhoA-ROCK Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810932. [PMID: 36142844 PMCID: PMC9504244 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI) functions as an endogenous agonist of GPR55, a novel cannabinoid receptor. However, the physiological roles of LPI-GPR55 have not yet been elucidated in detail. In the present study, we found that LPI induced morphological changes in GPR55-expressing HEK293 cells. LPI induced the cell rounding of GPR55-expressing HEK293 cells but not of empty-vector-transfected cells. LPI also induced the activation of small GTP-binding protein RhoA and increased stress fiber formation in GPR55-expressing HEK293 cells. The inhibition of RhoA and Rho kinase ROCK by the C3 exoenzyme and the ROCK inhibitor reduced LPI-induced cell rounding and stress fiber formation. These results clearly indicated that the LPI-induced morphological changes and the assembly of the cytoskeletons were mediated through the GPR55-RhoA-ROCK pathway.
Collapse
|
3
|
Celik S, Kecel-Gunduz S, Akyuz S, Ozel AE. Structural analysis, spectroscopic characterization and molecular docking studies of the cyclic heptapeptide. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2017; 36:2407-2423. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2017.1356240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sefa Celik
- Electrical-Electronics Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Istanbul University, Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serda Kecel-Gunduz
- Physics Department, Science Faculty, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevim Akyuz
- Physics Department, Science and Letters Faculty, Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus, Bakirkoy, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aysen E. Ozel
- Physics Department, Science Faculty, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Increased serum autotaxin levels in hepatocellular carcinoma patients were caused by background liver fibrosis but not by carcinoma. Clin Chim Acta 2014; 433:128-34. [PMID: 24642343 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2014.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Revised: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Controversy exists as to whether autotaxin (ATX) may be importantly associated with pathophysiology of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS We evaluated serum ATX levels and its mRNA expression in consecutive 148 HCC patients treated with radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and 30 patients with hepatic resection. RESULTS Although increased serum ATX levels were observed in almost all the patients treated with RFA, they were not reduced after RFA. Furthermore, serum ATX levels were associated not with tumor burden but with the parameters predicting for liver fibrosis, such as liver stiffness values. Then, in surgically-treated patients, there was no significant correlation between serum ATX levels and ATX mRNA expression levels in HCC tissues. Notably, ATX mRNA expression levels in HCC tissues were not higher than those in peri-tumorous tissues. Finally, serum ATX levels in surgically-treated HCC patients were rather correlated with ATX mRNA expression levels in peri-tumorous tissues as well as with liver fibrosis stage. CONCLUSION The increase in serum ATX levels in HCC patients may not be caused by abundant ATX production in HCC tissues but by fibrosis in the background livers.
Collapse
|
5
|
Ikeda H, Yatomi Y. Autotaxin in liver fibrosis. Clin Chim Acta 2012; 413:1817-21. [PMID: 22820036 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2012.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Revised: 07/03/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Autotaxin (ATX) hydrolyzes lysophosphatidylcholine to produce lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a multi-functional bioactive lipid mediator. ATX is a major determinant of LPA levels in the blood, and the pathophysiological functions of ATX are thought to be largely attributed to its ability to produce LPA. Liver fibrosis is one of the rare disorders exhibiting the increased ATX and LPA levels in the blood. This review summarizes the recent findings on the relation between ATX or LPA and liver fibrosis, the usefulness of serum ATX levels to predict the stages of liver fibrosis, and speculated roles of increased serum ATX and plasma LPA levels in liver fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Ikeda
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan.
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yang HJ, Chen JZ, Zhang WL, Ding YQ. Focal adhesion plaque associated cytoskeletons are involved in the invasion and metastasis of human colorectal carcinoma. Cancer Invest 2010; 28:127-34. [PMID: 19916745 DOI: 10.3109/07357900903147184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The protein and mRNA expression of focal adhesion plaque associated cytoskeletons, including talin, vinculin, paxillin, and tensin, was studied using immunofluorescence in combination with confocal laser scanning microscopy and fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction in 41 matched samples of human normal colorectal mucosae, primary colorectal adenocarcinomas, and 19 separate lymph node metastases. All specimens showed expression. The results showed talin, vinculin, tensin, and paxillin expression were correlated with carcinogenesis, invasion, and metastasis of colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Talin, vinculin, and tensin underwent downregulation while paxillin went up. So these cytoskeletons may play bidirectional regulating roles during the progression of CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Jun Yang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Uchiyama A, Tigyi G, Murakami-Murofushi K. Cdc42/N-WASP and Rac1/WAVE2 Required for LPA-induced Migration of Rat Ascites Hepatoma Cells. CYTOLOGIA 2010. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.75.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Uchiyama
- Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University
| | - Gabor Tigyi
- Department of Physiology, The University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yam JWP, Tse EYT, Ng IOL. Role and significance of focal adhesion proteins in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2009; 24:520-30. [PMID: 19368632 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2009.05813.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Focal adhesions are structural links between the extracellular matrix and actin cytoskeleton. They are important sites where dynamic alterations of proteins in the focal contacts are involved during cell movement. Focal adhesions are composed of diverse molecules, for instance, receptors, structural proteins, adaptors, GTPase, kinases and phosphatases. These molecules play critical roles in normal physiological events such as cellular adhesion, movement, cytoskeletal structure and intracellular signaling pathways. In cancers, aberrant expression and altered functions of focal adhesion proteins contribute to adverse tumor behavior. It is evident that these proteins do not function alone, but rather associate and work together in the process of tumor development and cancer metastasis. Focal adhesion proteins have been shown to play critical roles in hepatocellular carcinoma. Understanding the molecular interactions and mechanisms of the interconnected focal adhesion proteins is of particular importance in understanding mechanisms underlying hepatocellular carcinoma progression and development of potential effective treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judy Wai Ping Yam
- Liver Cancer and Hepatitis Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Naffar-Abu-Amara S, Shay T, Galun M, Cohen N, Isakoff SJ, Kam Z, Geiger B. Identification of novel pro-migratory, cancer-associated genes using quantitative, microscopy-based screening. PLoS One 2008; 3:e1457. [PMID: 18213366 PMCID: PMC2195451 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0001457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2007] [Accepted: 12/18/2007] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cell migration is a highly complex process, regulated by multiple genes, signaling pathways and external stimuli. To discover genes or pharmacological agents that can modulate the migratory activity of cells, screening strategies that enable the monitoring of diverse migratory parameters in a large number of samples are necessary. Methodology In the present study, we describe the development of a quantitative, high-throughput cell migration assay, based on a modified phagokinetic tracks (PKT) procedure, and apply it for identifying novel pro-migratory genes in a cancer-related gene library. In brief, cells are seeded on fibronectin-coated 96-well plates, covered with a monolayer of carboxylated latex beads. Motile cells clear the beads, located along their migratory paths, forming tracks that are visualized using an automated, transmitted-light screening microscope. The tracks are then segmented and characterized by multi-parametric, morphometric analysis, resolving a variety of morphological and kinetic features. Conclusions In this screen we identified 4 novel genes derived from breast carcinoma related cDNA library, whose over-expression induces major alteration in the migration of the stationary MCF7 cells. This approach can serve for high throughput screening for novel ways to modulate cellular migration in pathological states such as tumor metastasis and invasion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suha Naffar-Abu-Amara
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tal Shay
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Meirav Galun
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Naomi Cohen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Steven J. Isakoff
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Zvi Kam
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Benjamin Geiger
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Horita Y, Ohashi K, Mukai M, Inoue M, Mizuno K. Suppression of the invasive capacity of rat ascites hepatoma cells by knockdown of Slingshot or LIM kinase. J Biol Chem 2008; 283:6013-21. [PMID: 18171679 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m706538200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Actin cytoskeletal reorganization is essential for tumor cell migration, adhesion, and invasion. Cofilin and actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF) act as key regulators of actin cytoskeletal dynamics by stimulating depolymerization and severing of actin filaments. Cofilin/ADF are inactivated by phosphorylation of Ser-3 by LIM kinase-1 (LIMK1) and reactivated by dephosphorylation by Slingshot-1 (SSH1) and -2 (SSH2) protein phosphatases. In this study, we examined the roles of cofilin/ADF, LIMK1, and SSH1/SSH2 in tumor cell invasion, using an in vitro transcellular migration assay. In this assay, rat ascites hepatoma (MM1) cells were overlaid on a primary-cultured rat mesothelial cell monolayer and the number of cell foci that transmigrated underneath the monolayer in the presence of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) was counted. The knockdown of cofilin/ADF, LIMK1, or SSH1/SSH2 expression by small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) significantly decreased the LPA-induced transcellular migration of MM1 cells and their motility in two-dimensional culture. Knockdown of LIMK1 also suppressed fibronectin-mediated cell attachment and focal adhesion formation. Our results suggest that both LIMK1-mediated phosphorylation and SSH1/SSH2-mediated dephosphorylation of cofilin/ADF are critical for the migration and invasion of tumor cells and that LIMK1 is involved in the transcellular migration of tumor cells by enhancing both adhesion and motility of the cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Horita
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tatsuta M, Iishi H, Baba M, Uedo N, Ishihara R, Higashino K, Mukai M, Ishiguro S. Induction by lysophosphatidic acid of peritoneal and pleural metastases of intestinal cancers induced by azoxymethane in Wistar rats. Cancer Lett 2005; 219:137-45. [PMID: 15723712 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2004.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2003] [Revised: 06/01/2004] [Accepted: 06/02/2004] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The effects of 1-oleoyl lysophosphatidic acid on the induction of metastasis from intestinal adenocarcinomas induced in rats by azoxymethane and on RhoA activity in the tumors were investigated in male Wistar rats. Rats were given a weekly s.c. injection of azoxymethane (7.4 mg/kg body weight) for 10 weeks and, from week 16, s.c. injection of lysophosphatidic acid (5 or 15 microg/kg body weight) every other day until the end of the experiment in week 45. Lysophosphatidic acid at both dosages significantly increased the incidence of peritoneal metastasis. Its administration at higher dosage also significantly enhanced the development of pleural metastasis. Although lysophosphatidic acid at both dosages had little or no effect on the location, histologic type, depth of involvement or infiltrating growth patterns of the tumors, its administration at both dosages significantly increased the incidence of vessel invasion of adenocarcinomas. Lysophosphatidic acid also increased the activity of RhoA in the tumors, but not the cellular proliferation and vascularity of the colon tumors. Our findings indicate that lysophosphatidic acid significantly increased the incidence of peritoneal and/or pleural metastases from intestinal adenocarcinomas induced in rats by azoxymethane through RhoA activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masaharu Tatsuta
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, 3-3, Nakamichi 1-chome, Higashinari-ku, Osaka 537-8511, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Panetti TS, Hannah DF, Avraamides C, Gaughan JP, Marcinkiewicz C, Huttenlocher A, Mosher DF. Extracellular matrix molecules regulate endothelial cell migration stimulated by lysophosphatidic acid. J Thromb Haemost 2004; 2:1645-56. [PMID: 15333043 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2004.00902.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) are lipids that bind G-protein coupled receptors and differentially promote transmigration of endothelial cells. OBJECTIVE To determine if endothelial cell transmigration stimulated by LPA, not S1P, is dependent on the extracellular matrix. METHODS Bovine pulmonary artery (BPAE) endothelial cell transmigration and locomotion were measured using a modified-Boyden chamber and video microscopy, respectively. Results were related to strength of adhesion and characteristics of cell adhesive contacts. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS BPAEs responded to LPA by transmigration through gelatin- or collagen-coated filters, but not through fibronectin-, vitronectin-, or fibrinogen-coated filters. Fewer cells adhered to collagen or gelatin than to fibronectin in a static cell adhesion assay or after application of a g-force to detach cells. Video microscopy revealed that S1P stimulates large lamellipodia on two-dimensional fibronectin substrate. LPA stimulated lamellipodia on fibronectin, but the trailing edge remained attached, resulting in sting ray-shaped cells in video microscopy. LPA-treated cells on gelatin released the trailing edge. To understand how the extracellular matrix may regulate endothelial cell shape during movement, we surveyed changes in focal adhesion proteins. More Hic-5, a paxillin homolog, was detected in the detergent insoluble fraction of BPAEs attached to gelatin than fibronectin. No such difference was found in paxillin. In BPAEs, Hic-5 was localized to smaller punctate structures on fibronectin and longer, thinner focal adhesions on gelatin. These results indicated that localization of Hic-5 and strength of adhesion correlate with endothelial cell transmigration stimulated by LPA, but not with transmigration stimulated by S1P.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T S Panetti
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ishihara R, Tatsuta M, Iishi H, Baba M, Uedo N, Higashino K, Mukai M, Ishiguro S, Kobayashi S, Murakami-Murofushi K. Attenuation by cyclic phosphatidic acid of peritoneal metastasis of azoxymethane-induced intestinal cancers in Wistar rats. Int J Cancer 2004; 110:188-93. [PMID: 15069680 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.20069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The effect of cyclic phosphatidic acid, a unique analogue of lysophosphatidic acid, on the induction of bombesin-enhanced peritoneal metastases from intestinal adenocarcinomas induced by azoxymethane was investigated in male Wistar rats. Rats were given 10 weekly injections of azoxymethane (7.4 mg/kg body weight, s.c.) and of bombesin (40 microg/kg body weight, s.c.) every other day from the start of the experiment, and from week 16, they received injections of cyclic phosphatidic acid (3 or 6 mg/kg body weight, s.c.) every other day until the end of the experiment in week 45. Cyclic phosphatidic acid at both dosages significantly decreased the incidence of bombesin-enhanced cancer metastases to the peritoneum but had little or no effect on the location, histologic type, depth of involvement or infiltrating growth patterns of the tumors. Cyclic phosphatidic acid at either dose decreased significantly the incidence of lymphatic vessel invasion of adenocarcinomas and the activity of RhoA protein in the tumors, both of which were enhanced by bombesin. Our findings indicate that cyclic phosphatidic acid inhibits cancer metastasis through inhibition of RhoA protein activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryu Ishihara
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Huang SS, Leal SM, Chen CL, Liu IH, Huang JS. Cellular growth inhibition by TGF-β1involves IRS proteins. FEBS Lett 2004; 565:117-21. [PMID: 15135063 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2004.03.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2004] [Revised: 03/24/2004] [Accepted: 03/24/2004] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In Mv1Lu cells, insulin partially reverses transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) growth inhibition in the presence of alpha5beta1 integrin antagonists. TGF-beta1 appears to induce phosphorylation of IRS-2 in these cells; this is inhibited by a TGF-beta antagonist known to reverse TGF-beta growth inhibition. Stable transfection of 32D myeloid cells (which lack endogenous IRS proteins and are insensitive to growth inhibition by TGF-beta1) with IRS-1 or IRS-2 cDNA confers sensitivity to growth inhibition by TGF-beta1; this IRS-mediated growth inhibition can be partially reversed by insulin in 32D cells stably expressing IRS-2 and the insulin receptor (IR). These results suggest that growth inhibition by TGF-beta1 involves IRS proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuan Shian Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yoshinaga K, Inoue H, Tanaka F, Mimori K, Utsunomiya T, Mori M. Platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor mediates Rho-associated coiled-coil domain kinase messenger RNA expression and promotes cell motility. Ann Surg Oncol 2003; 10:582-7. [PMID: 12794027 DOI: 10.1245/aso.2003.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD-ECGF), whose expression is increased in several cancers, is an endothelial cell mitogen and has chemotactic activity in vitro and angiogenic activity in vivo. Tumors with high PD-ECGF expression tend to have frequent lymph node metastasis and are associated with poor outcome. METHODS We screened genes transduced by PD-ECGF transfection to the colon cancer cell line DLD-1 by using a complementary DNA microarray. Cell motility was evaluated by in vitro migration assay. Actin fiber polymerization was visualized by immunofluorescent detection of phalloidin. RESULTS Rho-associated coiled-coil domain kinase (ROCK1) was found to be significantly overexpressed in PD-ECGF transfectants compared with mock cells. PD-ECGF transfectants showed higher cell motility than mock cells. The parental cell, DLD-1, with recombinant PD-ECGF showed higher cell motility than that without recombinant PD-ECGF, in which motility was blocked by the neutralizing antibody of PD-ECGF or Y-27632, a specific inhibitor of ROCK1. Moreover, the actin fiber polymerization, which is a marker of activation of ROCK1, was higher in PD-ECGF transfectants than in mock cells. CONCLUSIONS PD-ECGF expression may be associated with cancer cell migration via activation of ROCK1. This may explain one mechanism by which tumors with high expression of PD-ECGF show aggressive behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Yoshinaga
- Department of Molecular and Surgical Oncology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Beppu, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Iwasaki T, Nakata A, Mukai M, Shinkai K, Yano H, Sabe H, Schaefer E, Tatsuta M, Tsujimura T, Terada N, Kakishita E, Akedo H. Involvement of phosphorylation of Tyr-31 and Tyr-118 of paxillin in MM1 cancer cell migration. Int J Cancer 2002; 97:330-5. [PMID: 11774284 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.1609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrated previously that rat ascites hepatoma MM1 cells require both lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and fibronectin (FN) for phagokinetic motility and transcellular migration and that these events are regulated through the RhoA-ROCK pathway. It remains to be elucidated, however, how the signals from both LPA and FN are integrated into cell migration. To examine this, total cellular lysates after stimulation with LPA or FN were subjected to time-course immunoblot analysis with anti-phosphotyrosine antibodies (Abs). Consequently, tyrosine-phosphorylation of paxillin was obviously persistent after stimulation with FN + LPA as compared to after stimulation with either alone. Tyrosine-phosphorylated paxillin comprised 2 components; slowly and fast migrating ones. Immunoblotting of anti-paxillin immunoprecipitates with phosphorylation site-specific Abs revealed the following: tyrosine-phosphorylation was enhanced preferentially on a slowly migrating component after stimulation with FN + LPA; this component contained phosphorylation at both tyrosine residue (Y) 31 and Y118; and phosphorylation of paxillin at Y181 was constitutive and not augmented by stimulation with either FN or LPA. Amiloride, an inhibitor of the Na+/H+ antiporter downstream of ROCK, suppressed cell motility and correspondingly paxillin tyrosine-phosphorylation at both Y31 and Y118. Paxillin phosphorylation weakly induced by FN alone, insufficient for cell migration, was not inhibited by amiloride. These results demonstrate that LPA collaborates with FN for persistent tyrosine phosphorylation of paxillin at both Y31 and Y118, regulated by the Na+/H+ antiporter downstream of ROCK and that this phosphorylated paxillin is essential for MM1 cancer cell migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teruo Iwasaki
- First Department of Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mukai M, Nakamura H, Tatsuta M, Iwasaki T, Togawa A, Imamura F, Akedo H. Hepatoma cell migration through a mesothelial cell monolayer is inhibited by cyclic AMP-elevating agents via a Rho-dependent pathway. FEBS Lett 2000; 484:69-73. [PMID: 11068034 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(00)02129-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
1-Oleoyl lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) induces transmonolayer migration (in vitro invasion) of rat ascites hepatoma MM1 cells and their morphological changes leading to the migration. We have previously shown that an LPA analog, palmitoyl cyclic phosphatidic acid (Pal-cPA), suppresses transmonolayer migration of MM1 cells by rapidly increasing the intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) concentration. We report here that various cAMP-elevating agents, including dibutyryl cAMP, forskolin, cholera toxin and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, consistently inhibited LPA-induced transmonolayer migration of MM1 cells. Moreover, pull-down assays for GTP-bound, active RhoA demonstrated that the blockage by cAMP-elevating agents of morphological changes leading to the migration was probably mediated through inhibiting RhoA activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Mukai
- Department of Tumor Biochemistry, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Imamura F, Mukai M, Ayaki M, Akedo H. Y-27632, an inhibitor of rho-associated protein kinase, suppresses tumor cell invasion via regulation of focal adhesion and focal adhesion kinase. Jpn J Cancer Res 2000; 91:811-6. [PMID: 10965022 PMCID: PMC5926426 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2000.tb01018.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Migration of rat ascites hepatoma (MM1) cells, invasion and phagokinetic movement were induced by the combination of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and fibronectin (FN). Induction of migratory activity was tightly correlated with morphological change of MM1 cells from spherical or polygonal-shaped cells to fusiform-shaped ones with pseudopodia. MM1 cells were mobile in a fusiform shape, whereas those of a spherical or polygonal shape were not. A small GTPase Rho and one of its downstream effectors ROCK (Rho-associated coiled-coil forming protein kinase), play essential roles in these processes, as evidenced by suppression of migration and morphological change of MM1 cells by Clostridium botulinum C3 exoenzyme, an inhibitor of Rho, or by Y-27632, an inhibitor of ROCK. Y-27632 also suppressed the formation of fusiform-shaped pseudopodia-carrying MM1 cells that was induced by stimulation with the combination of LPA and FN. LPA and FN also evoked the formation of focal adhesions and actin bundles, and tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and paxillin. The inhibitory effect of Y-27632 on LPA-induced migration and morphological change of MM1 cells was considered to be mediated, at least in part, by impaired formation of focal adhesions and actin bundles. Y-27632 suppressed LPA-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of FAK and paxillin, suggesting that ROCK regulates these molecules and Y-27632 inhibits cellular migration and morphological change, at least in part, through this regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Imamura
- Department of Pulmonary Oncology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Higashinari-ku, Osaka 537-8511, Japan.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|