1
|
Hafeez N, Musunuru HB, Keller A, Beriwal S. Feasibility of breast radiation therapy in a Fanconi Anemia patient diagnosed with breast cancer: A case report and review of literature. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2021; 28:129-132. [PMID: 33981866 PMCID: PMC8085781 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the journey of an FA patient who developed metachronous bilateral breast cancers and was successfully treated with breast conserving therapy with no significant treatment related toxicity.
Fanconi Anemia (FA) is a rare inherited autosomal recessive disease that results in impaired double stranded DNA repair. This leads to both increased susceptibility to various cancers, as well as hypersensitivity to radiotherapy and systemic therapy; thus, increasing the complexity of oncological treatment paradigm. Here, we present an FA patient who initially developed invasive breast cancer for which she received breast conserving treatment with no significant treatment related toxicity. This was followed by a diagnosis of high-grade ductal carcinoma-in-situ in the contralateral breast, which was managed successfully by surgery and meticulously planned adjuvant radiotherapy, with no treatment interruptions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neha Hafeez
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hima Bindu Musunuru
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Andrew Keller
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sushil Beriwal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Corresponding author at: Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zahnreich S, Weber B, Rösch G, Schindler D, Schmidberger H. Compromised repair of radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks in Fanconi anemia fibroblasts in G2. DNA Repair (Amst) 2020; 96:102992. [PMID: 33069004 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2020.102992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare chromosomal instability syndrome with various clinical features and high cancer incidence. Despite being a DNA repair disorder syndrome and a frequently observed clinical hypersensitivity of FA patients towards ionizing radiation, the experimental evidence regarding the efficiency of radiation-induced DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair in FA is very controversial. Here, we performed a thorough analysis of the repair of radiation-induced DSBs in G1 and G2 in FA fibroblasts of complementation groups A, C, D1 (BRCA2), D2, E, F, G and P (SLX4) in comparison to normal human lung and skin fibroblasts. γH2AX, 53BP1, or RPA foci quantification after X-irradiation was combined with cell cycle markers. Cytogenetic analyses were performed on first metaphases after irradiation in G1 and by premature chromosome condensation after exposure in G2. Furthermore, the role of canonical-NHEJ and alternative-NHEJ for the fidelity of the repair of radiation-induced DSBs was examined. In FA fibroblasts, DSB repair was normal in G1 but compromised and more error-prone in the slow repair component of G2 as suggested by higher yields of radiation-induced γH2AX and 53BP1 foci as well as chromatid exchanges. However, RPA foci quantification in G2 indicated proficiency for homology-directed repair of DSBs in FA except for FA D1 (BRCA2). In lung fibroblasts, DSB repair in G1 was conducted with normal kinetics but elevated chromosome exchanges compared to skin fibroblasts. The overall repair of radiation-induced DSBs and the formation of chromosome exchanges in normal and FA fibroblasts in G1 and G2 were governed by canonical-NHEJ with no contribution of alternative-NHEJ. Together, we show impaired repair of radiation-induced DSBs in various FA complementation groups in the slow repair component of G2 that might promote the formation of potentially oncogenic aberrations and clinical radiation hypersensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Zahnreich
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiation Therapy, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg, University Mainz, Germany.
| | - Britta Weber
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiation Therapy, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg, University Mainz, Germany
| | - Gundula Rösch
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiation Therapy, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg, University Mainz, Germany
| | - Detlev Schindler
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius-Maximilians-University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Heinz Schmidberger
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiation Therapy, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg, University Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sirák I, Šinkorová Z, Šenkeříková M, Špaček J, Laco J, Vošmiková H, John S, Petera J. Hypersensitivity to chemoradiation in FANCA carrier with cervical carcinoma-A case report and review of the literature. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2014; 20:309-15. [PMID: 26109920 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2014.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Compared to Fanconi anemia (FA) patients with homozygous defective two-alleles inheritance, there is a scarce or no evidence on one defective allele FANCA carriers, with respect to their cancer incidence, clinical and in vitro radiosensitivity and chemosensitivity. On that account, we report a case of a 30-year old FANCA mutation carrier woman with uterine cervix adenocarcinoma who was treated with chemoradiotherapy, in which unexpected acute toxicity and fatal late morbidity occured. METHODS We also report the results of an in vitro test for radiosensitivity, immunohistochemical examination with FANCA staining and human papillomavirus genotypization, and a review of the literature for FA carrier patients with respect to cancer incidence, clinical and in vitro response to chemo/radiotherapy, options of early heterozygosity detection, and methods of in vitro prediction of hypersensitivity to oncologic treatment. CONCLUSION Although there are no standard guidelines for management of FA carriers with malignancies and reports about chemo- or radiosensitivity in this population are scarce; patients with FA-A heterozygosity may have a high rate of complications from chemo/radiotherapy. Up to now, an optimum method for the prediction of radiosensitivity and the best parameter has not been found. Clinical radioresponsiveness is unpredictable in FA carriers and there is a pressing need of new rapid and predictive in vitro assays of radiation responses. Until then, the treatment of FA carriers with malignancies should be individualized, with respect to potential hypersensitivity to ionizing radiation or cross-linking agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Igor Sirák
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Sokolská 581, Hradec Kralove 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Šinkorová
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Defence in Brno, Sokolská 581, Hradec Kralove 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Mária Šenkeříková
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Sokolská 581, Hradec Kralove 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Špaček
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Sokolská 581, Hradec Kralove 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Laco
- The Fingerland Department of Pathology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Hradec Králové, Sokolská 581, Hradec Kralove 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Vošmiková
- The Fingerland Department of Pathology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Hradec Králové, Sokolská 581, Hradec Kralove 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav John
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Sokolská 581, Hradec Kralove 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Petera
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Sokolská 581, Hradec Kralove 500 05, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Isomura M, Oya N, Tachiiri S, Kaneyasu Y, Nishimura Y, Akimoto T, Hareyama M, Sugita T, Mitsuhashi N, Yamashita T, Aoki M, Sai H, Hirokawa Y, Sakata KI, Karasawa K, Tomida A, Tsuruo T, Miki Y, Noda T, Hiraoka M. IL12RB2 and ABCA1 genes are associated with susceptibility to radiation dermatitis. Clin Cancer Res 2008; 14:6683-9. [PMID: 18927311 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-07-4389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Severe acute radiation dermatitis is observed in approximately 5% to 10% of patients who receive whole-breast radiotherapy. Several factors, including treatment-related and patient-oriented factors, are involved in susceptibility to severe dermatitis. Genetic factors are also thought to be related to a patient's susceptibility to severe dermatitis. To elucidate genetic polymorphisms associated with a susceptibility to radiation-induced dermatitis, a large-scale single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis using DNA samples from 156 patients with breast cancer was conducted. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Patients were selected from more than 3,000 female patients with early breast cancer who received radiotherapy after undergoing breast-conserving surgery. The dermatitis group was defined as patients who developed dermatitis at a National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria grade of > or =2. For the SNP analysis, DNA samples from each patient were subjected to the genotyping of 3,144 SNPs covering 494 genes. RESULTS SNPs that mapped to two genes, ABCA1 and IL12RB2, were associated with radiation-induced dermatitis. In the ABCA1 gene, one of these SNPs was a nonsynonymous coding SNP causing R219K (P = 0.0065). As for the IL12RB2 gene, the strongest association was observed at SNP-K (rs3790568; P = 0.0013). Using polymorphisms of both genes, the probability of severe dermatitis was estimated for each combination of genotypes. These analyses showed that individuals carrying a combination of genotypes accounting for 14.7% of the Japanese population have the highest probability of developing radiation-induced dermatitis. CONCLUSION Our results shed light on the mechanisms responsible for radiation-induced dermatitis. These results may also contribute to the individualization of radiotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Isomura
- Genome Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Madani I, De Ruyck K, Goeminne H, De Neve W, Thierens H, Van Meerbeeck J. Predicting Risk of Radiation-Induced Lung Injury. J Thorac Oncol 2007; 2:864-74. [PMID: 17805067 DOI: 10.1097/jto.0b013e318145b2c6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is the most common, dose-limiting complication of thoracic radio- and radiochemotherapy. Unfortunately, predicting which patients will suffer from this complication is extremely difficult. Ideally, individual phenotype- and genotype-based risk profiles should be able to identify patients who are resistant to RILI and who could benefit from dose escalation in chemoradiotherapy. This could result in better local control and overall survival. We review the risk predictors that are currently in clinical use--dosimetric parameters of radiotherapy such as normal tissue complication probability, mean lung dose, V20 and V30--as well as biomarkers that might individualize risk profiles. These biomarkers comprise a variety of proinflammatory and profibrotic cytokines and molecules including transforming growth factor beta1 that are implicated in development and persistence of RILI. Dosimetric parameters of radiotherapy show a low negative predictive value of 60% to 80%. Depending on the studied molecule, negative predictive value of biomarkers is approximately 50%. The predictive power of biomarkers might be increased if they are coupled with radiogenomics, e.g., genotyping analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms in transforming growth factor beta1, transforming growth factor beta1 pathway genes, and other cytokines. Genetic variability and the complexity of RILI and its underlying molecular mechanisms make identification of biological risk predictors challenging. Further investigations are needed to develop more effective risk predictors of RILI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Indira Madani
- Department of Radiotherapy, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Andreassen CN. Can risk of radiotherapy-induced normal tissue complications be predicted from genetic profiles? Acta Oncol 2006; 44:801-15. [PMID: 16332587 DOI: 10.1080/02841860500374513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, increasing efforts have been taken to establish associations between various genetic germline alterations and risk of normal tissue complications after radiotherapy. Though the studies have been relatively small and methodologically heterogeneous, preliminary indications have been provided that single nucleotide polymorphisms in the genes TGFB1 and ATM may modulate risk of particularly late toxicity. In addition, rare ATM alterations may enhance complication susceptibility. Nevertheless, we are still far from having an exhaustive understanding of the genetics that may underlie differences in clinical normal tissue radiosensitivity. Recent technical advances and emerging insights to the structure of inter-individual genetic variation open up unprecedented opportunities to dissect the molecular and genetic basis of normal tissue radiosensitivity. However, to fully exploit these new possibilities well-planed large-scale clinical studies are mandatory. Currently, international initiatives are taken to establish the bio banks and databases needed for this task.
Collapse
|
7
|
De Ruyck K, Wilding CS, Van Eijkeren M, Morthier R, Tawn EJ, Thierens H. Microsatellite polymorphisms in DNA repair genes XRCC1, XRCC3 and XRCC5 in patients with gynecological tumors: association with late clinical radiosensitivity and cancer incidence. Radiat Res 2005; 164:237-44. [PMID: 16137195 DOI: 10.1667/rr3417.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates the association of microsatellite polymorphisms in XRCC1, XRCC3 and XRCC5 with the development of late radiation-induced radiotherapy reactions and examines the correlation between these microsatellites and cancer incidence. Sixty-two women with cervical or endometrial cancer treated with radiotherapy were included in the study. According to the CTCAEv3.0 scale, 22 patients showed late adverse radiotherapy reactions (grade 2 or more). PCR on lymphocyte DNA followed by automated fragment analysis was performed to examine the number of tandem repeat units at each locus. No significant association was found between the repeat length at any of the microsatellites in XRCC1, XRCC3 or XRCC5 and the incidence of late radiotherapy complications. Since higher odds ratios (ORs) were found for the rare XRCC1 [AC]11 and [AC]21 repeats (OR = 2.65, P = 0.325 and OR = 8.67, P = 0.093, respectively), the possible involvement of these small and large repeats in clinical radiosensitivity cannot be completely ruled out. When specific numbers of repeats were examined, no significant correlation was found between the microsatellite repeat length in XRCC1 and XRCC5 and cancer incidence. A weak correlation between XRCC3 [AC]16 homozygotes and cancer incidence was found (OR = 2.56, P = 0.055). A large-scale multicenter study of cancer patients with a high number of radiosensitive individuals is needed to clarify the value of rare polymorphic microsatellite repeats in XRCC1 and XRCC3 as a biomarker of clinical radiosensitivity or increased cancer risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K De Ruyck
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology, Histology and Medical Physics, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Andreassen CN, Alsner J, Overgaard M, Overgaard J. Prediction of normal tissue radiosensitivity from polymorphisms in candidate genes. Radiother Oncol 2003; 69:127-35. [PMID: 14643949 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2003.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes related to the biological response to radiation injury may affect clinical normal tissue radiosensitivity. This study investigates whether seven selected SNPs in five candidate genes influence risk of subcutaneous fibrosis and telangiectasia after radiotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS The 41 patients included in this study were given post-mastectomy radiotherapy in 1978-1982 and subsequently evaluated in detail with regard to several different normal tissue reactions. SNPs in TGFB1 (codons 10, 25 and position -509), SOD2 (codon 16), XRCC3 (codon 241), XRCC1 (codon 399) and APEX (codon 148) were analyzed by PCR and single nucleotide primer extension. Dose-response curves were established for subcutaneous fibrosis and telangiectasia in patients with different genotypes. Differences in radiosensitivity were quantified in terms of ED(50) values and enhancement ratios. RESULTS For TGFB1, the Pro/Pro genotype in codon 10 and the T/T genotype in position -509 correlated positively with risk of subcutaneous fibrosis. The SOD 2 codon 16 Val/Ala genotype was associated with increased risk of subcutaneous fibrosis when compared to the Val/Val genotype. The Thr/Thr genotype in XRCC3 codon 241 correlated with increased risk of subcutaneous fibrosis as well as telangiectasia. The Arg/Arg genotype in XRCC1 codon 399 was associated with increased risk of radiation-induced subcutaneous fibrosis. For these polymorphisms, enhancement ratios between 1.09 and 1.25 were found. Combined analysis of multiple SNPs demonstrated that the risk of subcutaneous fibrosis correlated with the number of risk alleles in such a manner that patients with few risk alleles exhibited a remarkable degree of radioresistance. CONCLUSION The present study established significant correlations between five SNPs and risk of radiation-induced normal tissue reactions. These findings support the assumption that clinical normal tissue radiosensitivity should be regarded as a phenomenon dependent on the combined effect of variation in several genes and indicate that models based on multiple genetic markers may have the potential to predict normal tissue responses after radiotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Nicolaj Andreassen
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Noerrebrogade 44, Aarhus C DK 8000, Denmark
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Baumann M, Hölscher T, Begg AC. Towards genetic prediction of radiation responses: ESTRO's GENEPI project. Radiother Oncol 2003; 69:121-5. [PMID: 14643948 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2003.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
10
|
Plowman P, Tsang D. Normal cellular radiosensitivity in an adult Fanconi anaemia patient with marked clinical radiosensitivity (2). Radiother Oncol 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(01)00461-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|