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Anderson-Schmidt H, Gade K, Malzahn D, Papiol S, Budde M, Heilbronner U, Reich-Erkelenz D, Adorjan K, Kalman JL, Senner F, Comes AL, Flatau L, Gryaznova A, Hake M, Reitt M, Schmauß M, Juckel G, Reimer J, Zimmermann J, Figge C, Reininghaus E, Anghelescu IG, Konrad C, Thiel A, von Hagen M, Koller M, Stierl S, Scherk H, Spitzer C, Folkerts H, Becker T, Dietrich DE, Andlauer TFM, Degenhardt F, Nöthen MM, Witt SH, Rietschel M, Wiltfang J, Falkai P, Schulze TG. The influence of religious activity and polygenic schizophrenia risk on religious delusions in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2019; 210:255-261. [PMID: 30611655 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2018.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Religious delusions are a common symptom in patients experiencing psychosis, with varying prevalence rates of religious delusions across cultures and societies. To enhance our knowledge of this distinct psychotic feature, we investigated the mutually-adjusted association of genetic and environmental factors with occurrence of religious delusions. METHODS We studied 262 adult German patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Association with lifetime occurrence of religious delusions was tested by multiple logistic regression for the following putative predictors: self-reported degree of religious activity, DSM-IV diagnosis, sex, age, education level, marital status, presence of acute delusion at the time of interview and an individual polygenic schizophrenia-risk score (SZ-PRS, available in 239 subjects). RESULTS Of the 262 patients, 101 (39%) had experienced religious delusions. The risk of experiencing religious delusions was significantly increased in patients with strong religious activity compared to patients without religious affiliation (OR = 3.6, p = 0.010). Low or moderate religious activity had no significant effect. The same analysis including the SZ-PRS confirmed the effect of high religious activity on occurrence of religious delusions (OR = 4.1, p = 0.008). Additionally, the risk of experiencing religious delusions increased with higher SZ-PRS (OR 1.4, p = 0.020, using pT = 0.05 for SZ-PRS calculation). None of the other variables were significantly associated with lifetime occurrence of religious delusions. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that strong religious activity and high SZ-PRS are independent risk factors for the occurrence of religious delusions in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Anderson-Schmidt
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich 80336, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen 37075, Germany.
| | - Katrin Gade
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich 80336, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen 37075, Germany
| | - Dörthe Malzahn
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August-University, Göttingen 37099, Germany
| | - Sergi Papiol
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich 80336, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Monika Budde
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Urs Heilbronner
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Daniela Reich-Erkelenz
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Kristina Adorjan
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich 80336, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Janos L Kalman
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich 80336, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich 80336, Germany; International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germany
| | - Fanny Senner
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich 80336, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Ashley L Comes
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich 80336, Germany; International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germany
| | - Laura Flatau
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Anna Gryaznova
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Maria Hake
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Markus Reitt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen 37075, Germany
| | - Max Schmauß
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Bezirkskrankenhaus Augsburg, Augsburg 86156, Germany
| | - Georg Juckel
- Department of Psychiatry, Ruhr University Bochum, LWL University Hospital, Bochum 44791, Germany
| | - Jens Reimer
- Department of Psychiatry, Klinikum Bremen-Ost, Bremen 28325, Germany
| | - Jörg Zimmermann
- Department of Psychiatry, Klinikum Bremen-Ost, Bremen 28325, Germany; Karl-Jaspers Clinic, European Medical School Oldenburg-Groningen, Oldenburg 26160, Germany
| | - Christian Figge
- Karl-Jaspers Clinic, European Medical School Oldenburg-Groningen, Oldenburg 26160, Germany
| | - Eva Reininghaus
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Research Unit for Bipolar Affective Disorder, Medical University of Graz, Graz 8036, Austria
| | | | - Carsten Konrad
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Agaplesion Diakonieklinikum, Rotenburg 27356, Germany
| | - Andreas Thiel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Agaplesion Diakonieklinikum, Rotenburg 27356, Germany
| | - Martin von Hagen
- Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Center Werra-Meißner, Eschwege 37269, Germany
| | - Manfred Koller
- Asklepios Specialized Hospital, Göttingen 37081, Germany
| | | | - Harald Scherk
- AMEOS Clinical Center Osnabrück, Osnabrück 49088, Germany
| | - Carsten Spitzer
- ASKLEPIOS Specialized Hospital Tiefenbrunn, Rosdorf 37124, Germany
| | - Here Folkerts
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Clinical Center Wilhelmshaven, Wilhelmshaven 26389, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Department of Psychiatry II, Ulm University, Bezirkskrankenhaus Günzburg, Günzburg 89312, Germany
| | - Detlef E Dietrich
- AMEOS Clinical Center Hildesheim, Hildesheim 31135, Germany; Center for Systems Neuroscience (ZSN), Hannover 30559, Germany
| | - Till F M Andlauer
- Department of Translational Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germany
| | - Franziska Degenhardt
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany; Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany; Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Stephanie H Witt
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim 68159, Germany
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim 68159, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen 37075, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen 37075, Germany; iBiMED, Medical Sciences Department, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Peter Falkai
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Thomas G Schulze
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich 80336, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen 37075, Germany
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Jacobsen M, Jensen A, Storvestre GB, Bergstrøm TM, Rashi DNM, Nielssen B, Wiktor P, Hymer KE. Experiences with 99mTc-HMPAO in a Diagnostic Pathway for Violent Patients with Schizophrenic Spectrum Disorders. Curr Radiopharm 2017; 10:115-122. [PMID: 28637403 PMCID: PMC5688410 DOI: 10.2174/1874471010666170621122221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE In a security ward we assessed the diagnostic contribution of single photon scintigraphy [SPECT] in our diagnostic pathway for patients with serious mental disease and a history of violence. METHODS Twenty patients were examined between 2012 and 2015 and the findings compared to those in nine patients with the same diagnosis, but no history of violence. RESULTS All violent patients had areas with reduced accumulation of 99mTc-HMPAO frontally and in the temporal lobe, in the non-violent group only two patients demonstrated these findings. CONCLUSION Traditionally, low accumulation of the tracer in SPECT is related to reduced perfusion of brain tissue. We discuss our findings in the light of other possible pathophysiological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Jacobsen
- Sykehuset Ostfold, Department of Psychiatry, Postbox 300, 1714 Grålum, Norway
- University of Oslo, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Clinical Medicine, Oslo, Norway
| | - Arvid Jensen
- Sykehuset Ostfold, Department of Psychiatry, Postbox 300, 1714 Grålum, Norway
| | | | | | | | - Bjørn Nielssen
- Sykehuset Ostfold, Department of Psychiatry, Postbox 300, 1714 Grålum, Norway
| | - Pål Wiktor
- Sykehuset Ostfold, Department of Psychiatry, Postbox 300, 1714 Grålum, Norway
| | - Knut-Erik Hymer
- Sykehuset Ostfold, Department of Psychiatry, Postbox 300, 1714 Grålum, Norway
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Pelletier-Baldelli A, Dean DJ, Lunsford-Avery JR, Smith Watts AK, Orr JM, Gupta T, Millman ZB, Mittal VA. Orbitofrontal cortex volume and intrinsic religiosity in non-clinical psychosis. Psychiatry Res 2014; 222:124-30. [PMID: 24746701 PMCID: PMC4073495 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2014.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Revised: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Research indicates that religiosity plays a complex role in mental illness. Despite this link, little work has been done to clarify the role of religiosity in persons exhibiting non-clinical psychosis (NCP, individuals experiencing fleeting psychotic-like symptoms in the absence of a formal psychotic disorder). Further, there are no NCP investigations into whether abnormalities exist in brain structures that are associated with religiosity. Understanding these relationships in NCP is important to clarify the role of religiosity and brain structural anomalies in psychosis. Twenty individuals experiencing NCP and twenty controls were assessed for intrinsic religiosity (IR; motivation/commitment to religious beliefs and/or practices) using a well-validated self-report scale. Structural magnetic resonance imaging was used to determine volumes of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), a critical region that has been associated with increased religiosity. Results indicate that IR is elevated in the NCP group, and that these individuals exhibit bilateral volume reduction in both the lateral and medial OFC. Sample-wide correlations are non-significant, but show notable relationships between smaller OFC regions and increased IR. Significant negative relationships were found between OFC volume and depressive and negative symptoms. Overall, results suggest that brain abnormalities associated with NCP may also confer a heightened susceptibility for religiosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pelletier-Baldelli
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA,Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA,Corresponding Author: Andrea Pelletier-Baldelli, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, 345 UCB, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0345, Phone: 252.670.2571
| | - Derek J. Dean
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | - Ashley K. Smith Watts
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA,Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Joseph M. Orr
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA,Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Tina Gupta
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Zachary B. Millman
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Vijay A. Mittal
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA,Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
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