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Deng X, Mu T, Wang Y, Xie Y. The Application of Human Figure Drawing as a Supplementary Tool for Depression Screening. Front Psychol 2022; 13:865206. [PMID: 35719521 PMCID: PMC9204051 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.865206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Depression is one of the most prevalent mental disorder in college students. The traditional screening method for is psychological measurements or scales, but social desirability can cause students to mask their thoughts, and an auxiliary projective test may be needed. This study was designed to measure the validity of applying human figure drawing (HFD) test as an auxiliary tool for depression screening in this population. Methods The HFD test was administered to 113 clinical participants diagnosed with major depressive disorder and 97 healthy college students with self-rating depression scale scores <50. Correlation analysis, chi-square tests, and logistic regression were conducted to identify specific drawing features that associated with depression and could differentiate between the clinical and control subjects. ROC curve was also implemented to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy. Results Eleven drawing features were significantly related to depression based on the chi-square test results and seven drawing features were associated with depression based on correlation analysis. After logistic regression by controlling gender and age, three drawing features were associated with depression: shaded eyes, drawing clothes in detail, and drawing other personal belongings. Further, drawing clothes in detail and drawing other personal belongings were two significant variables in ROC curve analysis. Conclusion Logistic regression showed that shaded eyes, drawing clothes in detail and drawing other personal belongings were significant drawing features. Individuals with depression will have less energy to put extra effort into drawing and are less likely to have detailed drawings. And the shading of eyes may represent that depressive individuals have a low willingness to communicate and tend to isolate themselves. The results indicated that Human Figure Drawing could be used as an auxiliary tool in college students’ depression screening. Further, the ROC curve analysis showed low discrimination of single drawing features, suggesting that the application of Human Figure Drawing should be considered as a whole instead of focusing on the single drawing feature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyang Deng
- Center of Mental Health Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,College of Humanities, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tiantong Mu
- College of Humanities, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Center of Mental Health Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuqi Xie
- College of Humanities, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Doron E. Art Therapy With Jewish Ultra-Orthodox Children: Unique Characteristics, Benefits, and Conflicts. Front Psychol 2020; 11:598917. [PMID: 33192946 PMCID: PMC7652821 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.598917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The paper presents the potential benefits and conflicts of the encounter between Jewish ultra-orthodox (UO) children – belonging to a closed and segregated group – and art therapy – with its cultural, Western, secular, and professional characteristics. The paper describes the complex interface between the therapeutic use of art as a form of free expression and religious commandments and restrictions. The dialogue between art, therapy, and cultural religious boundaries is described through a case study of an 8-year-old UO boy and a secular female art therapist. Issues such as self-expression, gender roles, and identity exploration are discussed, emphasizing the unique characteristics, benefits, and conflicts of such an encounter.
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Bosgraaf L, Spreen M, Pattiselanno K, van Hooren S. Art Therapy for Psychosocial Problems in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Narrative Review on Art Therapeutic Means and Forms of Expression, Therapist Behavior, and Supposed Mechanisms of Change. Front Psychol 2020; 11:584685. [PMID: 33132993 PMCID: PMC7578380 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.584685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Art therapy (AT) is frequently offered to children and adolescents with psychosocial problems. AT is an experiential form of treatment in which the use of art materials, the process of creation in the presence and guidance of an art therapist, and the resulting artwork are assumed to contribute to the reduction of psychosocial problems. Although previous research reports positive effects, there is a lack of knowledge on which (combination of) art therapeutic components contribute to the reduction of psychosocial problems in children and adolescents. Method: A systematic narrative review was conducted to give an overview of AT interventions for children and adolescents with psychosocial problems. Fourteen databases and four electronic journals up to January 2020 were systematically searched. The applied means and forms of expression, therapist behavior, supposed mechanisms of change, and effects were extracted and coded. Results: Thirty-seven studies out of 1,299 studies met the inclusion criteria. This concerned 16 randomized controlled trials, eight controlled trials, and 13 single-group pre-post design studies. AT interventions for children and adolescents are characterized by a variety of materials/techniques, forms of structure such as giving topics or assignments, and the use of language. Three forms of therapist behavior were seen: non-directive, directive, and eclectic. All three forms of therapist behavior, in combination with a variety of means and forms of expression, showed significant effects on psychosocial problems. Conclusions: The results showed that the use of means and forms of expression and therapist behavior is applied flexibly. This suggests the responsiveness of AT, in which means and forms of expression and therapist behavior are applied to respond to the client's needs and circumstances, thereby giving positive results for psychosocial outcomes. For future studies, presenting detailed information on the potential beneficial effects of used therapeutic perspectives, means, art techniques, and therapist behavior is recommended to get a better insight into (un)successful art therapeutic elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liesbeth Bosgraaf
- Faculty of Healthcare and Social Work, NHL Stenden University of Applied Sciences, Leeuwarden, Netherlands.,Alliade, Care Group, Heerenveen, Netherlands.,KenVaK, Research Center for Arts Therapies, Heerlen, Netherlands.,Faculty of Psychology, Open University, Heerlen, Netherlands
| | - Marinus Spreen
- Faculty of Healthcare and Social Work, NHL Stenden University of Applied Sciences, Leeuwarden, Netherlands
| | - Kim Pattiselanno
- Faculty of Healthcare and Social Work, NHL Stenden University of Applied Sciences, Leeuwarden, Netherlands
| | - Susan van Hooren
- KenVaK, Research Center for Arts Therapies, Heerlen, Netherlands.,Faculty of Psychology, Open University, Heerlen, Netherlands.,Faculty of Healthcare, Zuyd University of Applied Sciences, Heerlen, Netherlands
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Cohen-Yatziv L, Regev D. The effectiveness and contribution of art therapy work with children in 2018 -what progress has been made so far? A systematic review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ART THERAPY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/17454832.2019.1574845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dafna Regev
- The School of Creative Arts Therapies, University of Haifa, Israel
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Cobbett S. Reaching the hard to reach: quantitative and qualitative evaluation of school-based arts therapies with young people with social, emotional and behavioural difficulties. EMOTIONAL AND BEHAVIOURAL DIFFICULTIES 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/13632752.2016.1215119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Styles-Turbyfill H, Rogers A, Zink R, Kwiatkowski J. Effectiveness of Arts For Life programming: combating negative effects of hospitalization in children. Arts Health 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/17533015.2016.1223708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Rusted J, Sheppard L, Waller D. A Multi-centre Randomized Control Group Trial on the Use of Art Therapy for Older People with Dementia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0533316406071447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The principal aim of this study is to evaluate the immediate and long-term effects of art therapy for older people with dementia, specifically to test the premise that participation in art therapy groups effects significant positive changes in mood and cognition both immediately within sessions and later outside the sessions to impact behaviour in the day care/residential care setting. The broader aim is to provide an evidence-based evaluation about the use of art therapy for older people with dementia. In order to isolate the impact of art therapy we compared art therapy groups with activity groups that do not have emotional expression as a central purpose.
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Quinlan R, Schweitzer RD, Khawaja N, Griffin J. Evaluation of a school-based creative arts therapy program for adolescents from refugee backgrounds. ARTS IN PSYCHOTHERAPY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aip.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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10
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Feldman MB, Betts DJ, Blausey D. Process and Outcome Evaluation of an Art Therapy Program for People Living With HIV/AIDS. ART THERAPY 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/07421656.2014.935593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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12
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Dere-Meyer C, Bender B, Metzl E, Diaz K. Psychotropic medication and art therapy: Overview of literature and clinical considerations. ARTS IN PSYCHOTHERAPY 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aip.2010.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Richardson P, Jones K, Evans C, Stevens P, Rowe A. Exploratory RCT of art therapy as an adjunctive treatment in schizophrenia. J Ment Health 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/09638230701483111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Gunnarsson AB, Eklund M. The Tree Theme Method as an intervention in psychosocial occupational therapy: Client acceptability and outcomes. Aust Occup Ther J 2009; 56:167-76. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1630.2008.00738.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Eitel K, Szkura L, Pokorny D, von Wietersheim J. Do you see what I see? A study about the interrater reliability in art therapy. Psychother Res 2008; 18:216-24. [PMID: 18815967 DOI: 10.1080/10503300701441995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
There are many clinical reports on art therapy, but there are few data from experimental research. The main goal of this study was to investigate the interrater agreement of 86 raters who evaluated a picture created during an art therapy session. This rating was based on formal (color, lines, shapes) and contextual criteria. The resulting interrater agreement was not satisfying (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.18-0.52). The authors also address the question of whether raters are able to determine which picture was created at the beginning of the art therapy and which was created at the end. On the basis of the examination of five sets of pictures, it became apparent that they were not able to do so.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Eitel
- Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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Caldwell K, Brinko KT, Krenz R, Townsend K. Individuals with intellectual disabilities: Educators in expressive arts therapy. ARTS IN PSYCHOTHERAPY 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aip.2008.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Metzl ES. Systematic analysis of art therapy research published in Art Therapy: Journal of AATA between 1987 and 2004. ARTS IN PSYCHOTHERAPY 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aip.2007.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Harnden B, Rosales AB, Greenfield B. Outpatient art therapy with a suicidal adolescent female. ARTS IN PSYCHOTHERAPY 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aip.2004.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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