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Mekheimer RA, Hayallah AM, Moustafa MS, Al-Mousawi SM, Abd-Elmonem M, Mostafa SM, Abo Elsoud FA, Sadek KU. Microwave-assisted reactions: Efficient and versatile one-step synthesis of 8-substituted xanthines and substituted pyrimidopteridine-2,4,6,8-tetraones under controlled microwave heating. GREEN PROCESSING AND SYNTHESIS 2021; 10:201-207. [DOI: 10.1515/gps-2021-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
We report herein a simple and efficient one-step synthesis of 8-substituted xanthines and substituted pyrimidopteridine-2,4,6,8-tetraones via reaction of 1,3-dimethyl-5,6-diaminouracil 1 with activated double bond systems 2 assisted by controlled microwave irradiation. The obtained heterocycles are privileged biologically relevant scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alaa M. Hayallah
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University , Minia , Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University , Assiut 71526 , Egypt
| | - Moustafa Sherief Moustafa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University , P. O. Box 12613 , Safat 13060 , Kuwait
| | - Saleh Mohammed Al-Mousawi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University , P. O. Box 12613 , Safat 13060 , Kuwait
| | - Mohamed Abd-Elmonem
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University , Minia 61519 , Egypt
| | - Sara M. Mostafa
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University , Minia 61519 , Egypt
| | - Fatma A. Abo Elsoud
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University , Minia , Egypt
| | - Kamal Usef Sadek
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University , Minia 61519 , Egypt
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2
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Mahendran R, Bs S, Thandeeswaran M, kG K, Vijayasarathy M, Angayarkanni J, Muthusamy G. Microbial (Enzymatic) Degradation of Cyanide to Produce Pterins as Cofactors. Curr Microbiol 2019; 77:578-587. [PMID: 31111225 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-019-01694-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cyanide is one of the most poisonous substances in the environment, which may have originated from natural and anthropogenic sources. There are many enzymes produced by microorganisms which can degrade and utilize cyanide. The major byproducts of cyanide degradation are alanine, glutamic acid, alpha-amino-butyric acid, beta-cyanoalanine, pterin etc. These products have many pharmaceutical and medicinal applications. For the degradation of cyanide, microbes produce necessary cofactors which catalyze the degradation pathways. Pterin is one of the cofactors for cyanide degradation. There are many pathways involved for the degradation of cyanide, cyanate, and thiocyanate. Some of the microorganisms possess resistance to cyanide, since they have developed adaptive alternative pathways for the production of ATP by utilization of cyanide as carbon and nitrogen sources. In this review, we summarized different enzymes, their mechanisms, and corresponding pathways for the degradation of cyanide and production of pterins during cyanide degradation. We aim to enlighten different types of pterin, its classification, and biological significance through this literature review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramasamy Mahendran
- Cancer Therapeutics Lab, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Sabna Bs
- Cancer Therapeutics Lab, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Murugesan Thandeeswaran
- Cancer Therapeutics Lab, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Kiran kG
- Cancer Therapeutics Lab, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Muthu Vijayasarathy
- Clinical Biotechnology Lab, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Jayaraman Angayarkanni
- Cancer Therapeutics Lab, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India.
| | - Gayathri Muthusamy
- Cancer Therapeutics Lab, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
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Geng PF, Wang CC, Li ZH, Hu XN, Zhao TQ, Fu DJ, Zhao B, Yu B, Liu HM. Design, synthesis and preliminary biological evaluation of 5,8-dihydropteridine-6,7-diones that induce apoptosis and suppress cell migration. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 143:1959-1967. [PMID: 29133051 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Pteridines are an important class of fused heterocycles found in natural products and drug molecules, and have shown diverse biological activities. A focused library of 5,8-dihydropteridine-6,7-dione derivatives were designed and evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against MGC-803, SGC-7901, A549 and PC-3 cancer cell lines. The SARs studies highlighted the importance of the piperazine substituted 5,8-dihydropteridine-6,7-dione frameworks for the activity and revealed essential structural elements. Among these compounds, compound 5n displayed the most potent and broad-spectrum antiproliferative inhibition against the tested cell lines and was sensitive to MGC-803 cell line, slightly more potent than 5-FU. Preliminary mechanistic studies showed that compound 5n could inhibit the colony formation and migration of MGC-803 cells. Besides, flow cytometry analysis showed that compound 5n concentration-dependently induced apoptosis of MGC-803 cells. Our studies suggest that the piperazine substituted 5,8-dihydropteridine-6,7-dione frameworks may be regarded as new chemotypes for designing effective antitumor agents targeting gastric cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Geng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, PR China
| | - Cong-Cong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, PR China
| | - Zhong-Hua Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ning Hu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, PR China
| | - Tao-Qian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, PR China
| | - Dong-Jun Fu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, PR China
| | - Bing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, PR China
| | - Bin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, PR China.
| | - Hong-Min Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, PR China.
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Abbas ZAA, Abu-Mejdad NMJ, Atwan ZW, Al-Masoudi NA. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of New Dipyridylpteridines, Lumazines, and Related Analogues. J Heterocycl Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zina A. A. Abbas
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science; University of Basrah; Basrah Iraq
- Central Laboratories, Rumaila; Southern Oil Company; Basrah Iraq
| | | | - Zeenah W. Atwan
- Department of Biology, College of Science; University of Basrah; Basrah Iraq
| | - Najim A. Al-Masoudi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science; University of Basrah; Basrah Iraq
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