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Synergetic interaction of capsid proteins for virus-like particles assembly of foot-and-mouth disease virus (serotype O) from the inclusion bodies. Protein Expr Purif 2023; 204:106231. [PMID: 36623711 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2023.106231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant virus-like particles (VLP) with single capsid protein have been successfully produced through prokaryotic system, but for those with multiple capsid proteins such as the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), this approach is more challenging. In this study, in vitro assembly of FMDV VLP was investigated with its capsids VP1, VP2 and VP3 separately expressed as inclusion bodies. After extraction and solubilization, three capsids were purified in denatured state through a flow-through model, increasing its purity to 90%. VLP assembly for FMDV was observed after diluting the mixture of denatured capsids in the ration of 1: 1: 1, while no VLP appeared if the separately diluted and refolded capsids were co-incubated. This result suggests certain synergetic interactions exist among the three capsids, which are crucial for FMDV VLP assembly. Sodium chloride and capsid protein concentration both greatly affect the assembling efficiency. After purification through size exclusion chromatography, VLP with similar diameter and morphology as inactivated FMDV were obtained, which elicited high IgG titers and B cell activation when vaccinated in mouse. It could also induce specific humoral and cellular immune responses in splenocytes proliferative experiments. Our study demonstrated the feasibility of in vitro assembling FMDV VLP from inclusion bodies of VP1, VP2 and VP3 for the first time.
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2
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Jiao J, Wu P. A meta-analysis: the efficacy and effectiveness of polypeptide vaccines protect pigs from foot and mouth disease. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21868. [PMID: 36536158 PMCID: PMC9763257 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26462-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The protective effects of peptides on pigs are controversial. In this study, meta-analysis was used to analyze the protective immune response of peptides. The China National Knowledge Infrastructure, PubMed, Wanfang Data, Cochrane Library, Embase, and gray literature sources were searched for FMDV articles published from the inception of the databases to March 2022. Of the 1403 articles obtained, 14 were selected using inclusion criteria. The experimental data on polypeptide vaccines were analyzed using Microsoft Office Home and Student 2019 Software. From the results, polypeptide vaccine doses (PPVDs) ≤ 1 mg offered protection against FMDV in 69.41% pigs lower than World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) standard (75%, 12/16). PPVDs ≥ 2 mg provided protection against FMDV in 97.22% pigs. When the two groups were compared directly, PPVDs ≥ 2 mg (93.75%) was higher than PPVDs ≤ 1 mg (63.16%). PPVDs ≤ 1 mg provided protection 56% pigs and the inactivated vaccine was 93.33% in direct comparison. In conclusion, PPVDs has a dose-dependent protective effect on pigs and PPVDs ≤ 1 mg group was lower than the inactivated vaccines group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Jiao
- grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Peng Wu
- grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
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3
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Hao C, Ren H, Wu X, Shu X, Li Z, Hu Y, Zeng Q, Zhang Y, Zu S, Yuan J, Zhang H, Hu H. Preparation of monoclonal antibody and identification of two novel B cell epitopes to VP1 protein of porcine sapelovirus. Vet Microbiol 2022; 275:109593. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2022.109593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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4
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Kazemi M, Aghamaali MR, Madani R, Emami T, Golchinfar F. Evaluating the Immunogenicity of Recombinant VP1 Protein from the Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Encapsulated in Nanoliposome in Guinea Pig Animal Model. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2022; 253:110497. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2022.110497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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5
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Kenubih A. Foot and Mouth Disease Vaccine Development and Challenges in Inducing Long-Lasting Immunity: Trends and Current Perspectives. VETERINARY MEDICINE-RESEARCH AND REPORTS 2021; 12:205-215. [PMID: 34513635 PMCID: PMC8420785 DOI: 10.2147/vmrr.s319761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is an extremely contagious viral disease of livestock caused by foot and mouse disease virus genus: Aphthovirus, which causes a serious economic impact on both individual farmers and the national economy. Many attempts to advance a vaccine for FMD have failed to induce sterile immunity. The classical methods of vaccine production were due to selective accumulation of mutations around antigenic and binding sites. Reversion of the agent by positive selection and quasi-species swarm, use of this method is inapplicable for use in non-endemic areas. Chemical attenuation using binary ethyleneimine (BEI) protected the capsid integrity and produced a pronounced immunity against the challenge strain. Viral antigens which have been chemically synthesized or expressed in viruses, plasmid, or plants were tried in the vaccination of animals. DNA vaccines expressing either structural or nonstructural protein antigens have been tried to immunize animals. Using interleukins as a genetic adjuvant for DNA vaccines have a promising effect. While the challenges of inducing sterile immunity lies on non-structural (NS) proteins of FMDV which are responsible for apoptosis of dendritic cells and have negative effects on lympho-proliferative responses which lead to transient immunosuppression. Furthermore, destruction of host protein trafficking by nonstructural proteins suppressed CD8+ T-cell proliferation. In this review, it tried to address multiple approaches for vaccine development trials and bottle necks of producing sterile immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambaye Kenubih
- University of Gondar, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Para-Clinical Studies, Gondar, Ethiopia
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6
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Stable Display of Artificially Long Foreign Antigens on Chimeric Bamboo mosaic virus Particles. Viruses 2021; 13:v13040572. [PMID: 33805417 PMCID: PMC8067224 DOI: 10.3390/v13040572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant viruses can be genetically modified to generate chimeric virus particles (CVPs) carrying heterologous peptides fused on the surface of coat protein (CP) subunits as vaccine candidates. However, some factors may be especially significant in determining the properties of chimeras. In this study, peptides from various sources and of various lengths were inserted into the Bamboo mosaic virus-based (BaMV) vector CP N-terminus to examine the chimeras infecting and accumulating in plants. Interestingly, it was found that the two different strains Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) VP1 antigens with flexible linker peptides (77 or 82 amino acids) were directly expressed on the BaMV CP, and the chimeric particles self-assembled and continued to express FMDV antigens. The chimeric CP, when directly fused with a large foreign protein (117 amino acids), can self-fold into incomplete virus particles or disks. The physicochemical properties of heterologus peptides N-terminus, complex strand structures of heterologus peptides C-terminus and different flexible linker peptides, can affect the chimera accumulation. Based on these findings, using plant virus-based chimeras to express foreign proteins can increase their length limitations, and engineered plant-made CVP-based vaccines have increasing potential for further development as novel vaccines.
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Lee HS, Park SY, Kim AY, Lee SO, Kim JS, Kim H, Youn HJ, Ko YJ. Recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein carrying a foot-and-mouth disease virus epitope as a vaccine candidate. J Vet Med Sci 2020; 82:1155-1159. [PMID: 32581148 PMCID: PMC7468052 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.19-0559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is one of the most highly contagious animal diseases. In an
effort to overcome the drawbacks of the currently used inactivated foot-and-mouth disease
virus vaccine, a novel recombinant protein carrying foot-and-mouth disease virus VP1 GH
loop epitope linked to vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein was expressed in a
baculovirus system. Its antigenicity was confirmed with ELISA using monoclonal antibody
against foot-and-mouth disease virus. Twice immunizations one month apart in field pigs
resulted in a significant antibody increase compared to the glutathione S-transferase
carrier containing the same epitope and the commercial vaccine. To my knowledge, this is
the first report that the recombinant protein vaccine was superior to the current vaccine.
Although further studies are required to examine their immunogenicity in a large number of
animals, this study sheds light on the development of a novel recombinant protein vaccine
that could be easily produced in a general laboratory as an alternative to the current FMD
vaccine, which requires a biosafety level 3 containment facility for vaccine
production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyang-Sim Lee
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Gyeonsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Young Park
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Gyeonsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah-Young Kim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Gyeonsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Oh Lee
- RespectBio Co., Ltd., Seoul, 04799, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Seok Kim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Gyeonsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Kim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Gyeonsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jeong Youn
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Joon Ko
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Gyeonsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
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Soluble FMDV VP1 proteins fused with calreticulin expressed in Escherichia coli under the assist of trigger factor16 (Tf16) formed into high immunogenic polymers. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 155:1532-1540. [PMID: 31739054 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a highly contagious pathogen propagating among cloven-hoofed animals. As a major immunogenic protein, VP1 plays a pivotal role in the induction of neutralizing antibodies, which therefore is an ideal target for developing subunit vaccines. In current study, four prokaryotic expression clones (rV4C, rC4V, rV5F and rF5V) were constructed by fusing truncated calreticulin (CRT) (120-250 aa or 120-308 aa) at the N/C terminal of vp1 gene, and co-expressed with chaperone trigger factor 16 (Tf16) in E.coli, respectively. The soluble recombinant CRT-fused VP1 proteins could form into homogeneous reactive polymers with average hydrodynamic diameters around 100 nm according to the dynamic light scattering (DLS) data. Immunization of guinea pigs with 10 μg purified CRT-fused VP1 proteins induced high levels of antibodies against naked-VP1 through indirect ELISA. Sandwich ELISA showed that only rC4V could elicit the same level of antibody against FMD virus as commercial inactivated vaccine after booster. The lymphocyte cytokines secretion of immunized rC4V was higher than the other CRT-fused VP1 proteins in guinea pigs. These results showed that the soluble CRT-fused VP1 proteins, especially rC4V, expressed with Tf16 in E. coli might have potential to be used as subunit vaccine candidate against FMDV.
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Yang S, Sun Y, Yang J, Liu Y, Feng H, Zhang G. A gold nanoparticle strip for simultaneously evaluating FMDV immunized antibody level and discriminating FMDV vaccinated animals from infected animals. RSC Adv 2019; 9:30164-30170. [PMID: 35530212 PMCID: PMC9072146 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04810c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A gold nanoparticle strip was developed for rapidly evaluating FMDV type O antibody level and simultaneously discriminating FMDV vaccinated animals from infected animals. The strip was established depending on the colloidal gold nanoparticle labeling technique. Staphylococcal protein A colloidal gold nanoparticles were used as a probe. The epitope antigens of FMDV structural proteins and nonstructural proteins were dispensed on a nitrocellulose membrane as two test lines, respectively, and goat anti-pig antibody IgG was used as a control line. The assay was evaluated with FMDV immunized, infected sera and positive sera for another virus. The results showed the specificities of the T1 and T2 lines were 95.17% and 100% respectively. The sensitivity was in accordance with commercial ELISA kits. The coincidence rate of the new strip with 3ABC Mab-bELISA and LPB-ELISA was 95.5% and 93.13%, respectively. In summary, this experimental strip could provide a simple, inexpensive and rapid approach for onsite detection of FMDV type O antibody level and discrimination of FMDV vaccinated from infected animals without any expensive instrument. A gold nanoparticle strip was developed for rapidly evaluating FMDV type O antibody level and simultaneously discriminating FMDV vaccinated animals from infected animals.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzhen Yang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology
- Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Zhengzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yaning Sun
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology
- Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Zhengzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jifei Yang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology
- Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Zhengzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yunchao Liu
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology
- Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Zhengzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Feng
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology
- Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Zhengzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Gaiping Zhang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology
- Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Zhengzhou
- People's Republic of China
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine
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Lee HB, Piao DC, Lee JY, Choi JY, Bok JD, Cho CS, Kang SK, Choi YJ. Artificially designed recombinant protein composed of multiple epitopes of foot-and-mouth disease virus as a vaccine candidate. Microb Cell Fact 2017; 16:33. [PMID: 28228147 PMCID: PMC5322615 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-017-0648-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concerns regarding the safety of inactivated foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccine have been raised since it is produced from cultured live FMD virus (FMDV). To overcome this issue, recombinant protein has been studied as an alternative vaccine. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION We designed a chimerical multi-epitope recombinant protein (5BT), which is comprised of tandem repeats of five B cell epitopes (residue of VP1 136-162) derived from different FMDV variants and one T-cell epitope (residue of 3A 21-35). To increase solubility and stability of 5BT, it was conjugated with BmpB, the membrane protein B of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae (B5BT). Our results indicated that 5BT was susceptible to degradation by host protease and produced with substantial fraction of inclusion body. The stability and solubility of 5BT was greatly increased by conjugating to BmpB. FMDV specific antibodies were observed in the serum of mice immunized with 5BT and B5BT comparable to inactivated FMD vaccine. Sera from 5BT and B5BT groups also exhibited high epitope-specific antibody titers in peptide specific ELISA, indicating that all five epitopes are exposed to the B cell receptor for the antibody reaction. Thus the multi-epitope recombinant protein designed in this study may be a potential candidate as an alternative vaccine against FMDV epidemic variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Bin Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 115-921, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Chuan Piao
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 115-921, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Yeong Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 115-921, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yun Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 115-921, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Duck Bok
- Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, 1447-1 Pyeongchang-Daero, Daehwa-Myeon, Pyeongchang-Gun, Gangwon-Do, 25354, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong-Su Cho
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 115-921, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Kee Kang
- Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, 1447-1 Pyeongchang-Daero, Daehwa-Myeon, Pyeongchang-Gun, Gangwon-Do, 25354, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yun-Jaie Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 115-921, Republic of Korea. .,Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Yang S, Yang J, Sun Y, Peng F, Zhang S, Liu Y, Teng M, Zhao D, Chai S, Zhang G. A rapid immunochromatographic strip for neutralizing antibodies detection of foot and mouth disease virus serotype O. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra09048j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the BSA-Pep antigen, a test strip was developed to evaluate the neutralizing antibody of serum samples from swine vaccinated with FMDV type O vaccine rapidly. The BSA-Pep used as a detector was labeled with colloidal gold.
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12
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Muthamilselvan T, Lee CW, Cho YH, Wu FC, Hu CC, Liang YC, Lin NS, Hsu YH. A transgenic plant cell-suspension system for expression of epitopes on chimeric Bamboo mosaic virus particles. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2016; 14:231-9. [PMID: 25879277 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We describe a novel strategy to produce vaccine antigens using a plant cell-suspension culture system in lieu of the conventional bacterial or animal cell-culture systems. We generated transgenic cell-suspension cultures from Nicotiana benthamiana leaves carrying wild-type or chimeric Bamboo mosaic virus (BaMV) expression constructs encoding the viral protein 1 (VP1) epitope of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). Antigens accumulated to high levels in BdT38 and BdT19 transgenic cell lines co-expressing silencing suppressor protein P38 or P19. BaMV chimeric virus particles (CVPs) were subsequently purified from the respective cell lines (1.5 and 2.1 mg CVPs/20 g fresh weight of suspended biomass, respectively), and the resulting CVPs displayed VP1 epitope on the surfaces. Guinea pigs vaccinated with purified CVPs produced humoral antibodies. This study represents an important advance in the large-scale production of immunopeptide vaccines in a cost-effective manner using a plant cell-suspension culture system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chin-Wei Lee
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsin Cho
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Chao Wu
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chi Hu
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chuan Liang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Na-Sheng Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yau-Heiu Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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13
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Ho MY, Hung SW, Liang CM, Liang SM. Recombinant viral capsid protein VP1 suppresses lung cancer metastasis by inhibiting COX-2/PGE2 and MIG-7. Oncotarget 2015; 5:3931-43. [PMID: 25004182 PMCID: PMC4116532 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Recombinant capsid protein VP1 (rVP1) of foot-and-mouth disease virus binds to integrins to modulate Akt/GSK3-β signaling and suppress migration/invasion and metastasis of cancer cells, but the underlying molecular mechanism is unclear. Here, we showed that the rVP1-mediated inhibition of Akt/GSK3-β signaling and cell migration/invasion was accompanied by downregulation in phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-triphosphate (PIP3), integrin-linked kinase (ILK) and IKK/NF-κB signaling as well as suppression of COX-2/PGE2 and MIG-7. Addition of PIP3 or overexpression of ILK reversed the rVP1-induced inhibition of IKK/NF-κB signaling, COX-2 and MIG-7. The rVP1-mediated downregulation of COX-2/PGE2 and MIG-7 led to not only attenuation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, MMP2 activity and invasion of lung cancer cells in vitro but also decreased tumor growth and metastasis of lung cancer in xenograft mice. Moreover, downregulation of COX-2/PGE2 and MIG-7 significantly prolonged the overall and disease-free survival of lung cancer-bearing mice. These results suggest that rVP1 inhibits cancer invasion/metastasis, partly if not mainly, via downregulating integrin/PI3K/Akt, ILK and IKK/NF-κB signaling to suppress expression of COX-2/PGE2 and MIG-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yi Ho
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | | | - Shu-Mei Liang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC;Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Biswal JK, Bisht P, Mohapatra JK, Ranjan R, Sanyal A, Pattnaik B. Application of a recombinant capsid polyprotein (P1) expressed in a prokaryotic system to detect antibodies against foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype O. J Virol Methods 2015; 215-216:45-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2015.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Parida S. Vaccination against foot-and-mouth disease virus: strategies and effectiveness. Expert Rev Vaccines 2014; 8:347-65. [DOI: 10.1586/14760584.8.3.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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16
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Hung SW, Chiu CF, Chen TA, Chu CL, Huang CC, Shyur LF, Liang CM, Liang SM. Recombinant viral protein VP1 suppresses HER-2 expression and migration/metastasis of breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2012; 136:89-105. [PMID: 22983836 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-012-2238-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women worldwide and metastasis is the major cause of breast cancer death. Development of new therapeutic agents for inhibiting breast cancer metastasis is therefore an urgent need. We previously demonstrated that recombinant DNA-derived viral capsid protein VP1 (rVP1) of foot-and-mouth disease virus-induced apoptosis of MCF-7 breast cancer cells in vitro. Here, we investigated whether rVP1 exhibits any inhibitory effects on migration/metastasis and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), a well-known biomarker for poor prognosis of breast cancer. The effects of rVP1 on cancer cell migration/invasion and metastasis were evaluated using Transwell migration assay and animal cancer models of metastasis. Western blotting, RT-PCR, flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence staining techniques were used to investigate the effects of rVP1 on HER-2 and signal transduction mediators. Non-cytotoxic concentrations of rVP1-induced mesenchymal-epithelial transition and significantly suppressed AP-2α and HER-2 expression as well as the migration and invasion of a variety of breast cancer cell lines in a β1-integrin-dependent manner in vitro. Gross and histopathologic examinations showed that rVP1 also suppressed metastasis of several breast cancer cell lines, including HER-2-overexpressing SK-BR-3 and BT-474 cells to lung, liver, or peripheral lymph node in orthotopic allograft/xenograft murine models. In addition, rVP1 significantly prolonged survival in breast cancer-bearing mice. Notably, no apparent side effects of rVP1 were detected, as shown by normal complete blood count levels and serum biochemistry profiles, including AST, ALT, BUN, and creatine. This study demonstrates that rVP1 suppresses the migration, invasion, and metastasis of breast cancer cells via binding to β1 integrin receptor and down-regulation of AP-2α and HER-2 expression. The effectiveness of rVP1 on inhibiting migration/metastasis of breast cancer and HER-2 expression suggests that it may be suitable for serving as potential therapeutics for metastatic breast cancer particularly HER-2-overexpressing cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Wen Hung
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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17
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Chiu CF, Peng JM, Hung SW, Liang CM, Liang SM. Recombinant viral capsid protein VP1 suppresses migration and invasion of human cervical cancer by modulating phosphorylated prohibitin in lipid rafts. Cancer Lett 2012; 320:205-14. [PMID: 22388104 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2012.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2011] [Revised: 01/21/2012] [Accepted: 02/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant capsid protein VP1 (rVP1) of foot-and-mouth disease virus inhibits invasion/metastasis of cancer cells. Here we studied its mechanism of action on human cervical cancer cells. The inhibition of cell invasion by rVP1 was accompanied with reduction in phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-triphosphate (PIP3), phospho-Akt S473, phosphorylated prohibitin (phospho-PHB) T258 in lipid rafts, dissociation of phospho-PHB T258 with Raf-1 and the inactivation of Raf-1/ERK. Addition of PIP3 or overexpression of constitutively active Akt and raft-anchored PHB T258 but not PHB T258I mutant protein reversed the inhibitory effects of rVP1. rVP1 inhibited cervical tumor growth and metastasis, and prolonged survival in xenograft mouse models. These results suggest that rVP1 inhibits cancer metastasis via de-phosphorylation of Akt and PHB T258 in lipid rafts to downregulate Raf/ERK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Feng Chiu
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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18
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Chen TA, Wang JL, Hung SW, Chu CL, Cheng YC, Liang SM. Recombinant VP1, an Akt inhibitor, suppresses progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by inducing apoptosis and modulation of CCL2 production. PLoS One 2011; 6:e23317. [PMID: 21826248 PMCID: PMC3149645 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2011] [Accepted: 07/14/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The application of viral elements in tumor therapy is one facet of cancer research. Recombinant capsid protein VP1 (rVP1) of foot-and-mouth disease virus has previously been demonstrated to induce apoptosis in cancer cell lines. Here, we aim to further investigate its apoptotic mechanism and possible anti-metastatic effect in murine models of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the most common human cancers worldwide. Methodology/Principal Findings Treatment with rVP1 inhibited cell proliferation in two murine HCC cell lines, BNL and Hepa1-6, with IC50 values in the range of 0.1–0.2 µM. rVP1 also induced apoptosis in these cells, which was mediated by Akt deactivation and dissociation of Ku70-Bax, and resulted in conformational changes and mitochondrial translocation of Bax, leading to the activation of caspases-9, -3 and -7. Treatment with 0.025 µM rVP1, which did not affect the viability of normal hepatocytes, suppressed cell migration and invasion via attenuating CCL2 production. The production of CCL2 was modulated by Akt-dependent NF-κB activation that was decreased after rVP1 treatment. The in vivo antitumor effects of rVP1 were assessed in both subcutaneous and orthotopic mouse models of HCC in immune-competent BALB/c mice. Intratumoral delivery of rVP1 inhibited subcutaneous tumor growth as a result of increased apoptosis. Intravenous administration of rVP1 in an orthotopic HCC model suppressed tumor growth, inhibited intra-hepatic metastasis, and prolonged survival. Furthermore, a decrease in the serum level of CCL2 was observed in rVP1-treated mice. Conclusions/Significance The data presented herein suggest that, via inhibiting Akt phosphorylation, rVP1 suppresses the growth, migration, and invasion of murine HCC cells by inducing apoptosis and attenuating CCL2 production both in vitro and in vivo. Recombinant protein VP1 thus has the potential to be developed as a new therapeutic agent for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-An Chen
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Ling Wang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Wen Hung
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Li Chu
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chih Cheng
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Mei Liang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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19
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Development and evaluation of a VP1-ELISA for detection of antibodies to duck hepatitis type 1 virus. J Virol Methods 2010; 169:66-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2010.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2010] [Revised: 06/23/2010] [Accepted: 06/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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20
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Serological evidence of human klassevirus infection. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2010; 17:1584-8. [PMID: 20739504 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00152-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Klassevirus is a proposed new genus of picornavirus that has been associated with pediatric diarrhea. In this study, we used recombinant klassevirus 3C protease as the capture antigen for an indirect serological enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Four of six klassevirus reverse transcription (RT)-PCR-positive individuals demonstrated seroconversion against the 3C protease, suggesting that klassevirus infection and replication occur in humans. Additional screening of 353 samples from an age-banded serological cohort from two St. Louis hospitals indicated a seroprevalence of 6.8%.
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21
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Cultivation and serological characterization of a human Theiler's-like cardiovirus associated with diarrheal disease. J Virol 2010; 84:4407-14. [PMID: 20164225 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02536-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardioviruses (e.g., Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus [TMEV]) are members of the Picornaviridae family that cause myocarditis and encephalitis in rodents. Recently, several studies have identified human cardioviruses, including Saffold virus (SAFV) and a related virus named human TMEV-like cardiovirus (HTCV). At least eight cardiovirus genotypes are now recognized, with SAFV and most strains of HTCV belonging to genotypes 1 and 2, respectively; genotype 2 strains are the most common in the population. Although a genotype 3 cardiovirus has recently been cultured (SAFV-3), the genotype 1 and 2 cardioviruses have been difficult to propagate in vitro, hindering efforts to understand their seroprevalence and pathogenicity. Here we present the isolation and characterization of a genotype 2 human cardiovirus (HTCV-UC6). Notably, successful cultivation of HTCV-UC6 from stool required the addition of cytokine-blocking antibodies to interrupt downstream antiviral pathways. Unlike SAFV-3, HTCV-UC6 exhibited slow replication kinetics and demonstrated only a moderate cytopathic effect. Serologic assays revealed that 91% of U.S. adults carry antibodies to the genotype 2 cardioviruses, of which 80% generate neutralizing antibodies, in agreement with previous data showing that cardiovirus infection is widespread in humans. We also demonstrate an acute cardiovirus seroconversion event in a child with diarrhea and vomiting, thus reporting for the first time evidence linking cardiovirus infection to diarrheal disease in humans.
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22
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Yang S, Yang J, Zhang G, Wang X, Qiao S, Zhao D, Zhi Y, Li X, Xing G, Luo J, Fan J, Bao D. Development of an immunochromatographic strip for the detection of antibodies against foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype O. J Virol Methods 2010; 165:139-44. [PMID: 20100515 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2010.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2009] [Revised: 12/24/2009] [Accepted: 01/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An immunochromatographic strip was developed for the serological detection of type O foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in swine. In the strip, the expressed protein of VP1, the main protective antigen of FMDV, labeled with colloidal gold was used as the detector, the staphylococcal protein A (SPA) and swine anti-foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) antibody were blotted on the nitrocellulose membrane for the test and control lines, respectively. 296 swine serum samples were collected to evaluate the characteristics of the strip in comparison with existing commercial liquid-phage blocking ELISA (LPB ELISA) kit and peptide ELISA kit. The strip was shown to be of high specificity and sensitivity. Furthermore, the dipstick assay based on the strip is rapid (5 min) and easy to perform with no requirement of professional skills, reagents nor equipment. This suggests that the immunochromatographic strip is an acceptable alternative for use in clinical laboratories lacking specialized equipment and for field diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzhen Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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23
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Bae JY, Moon SH, Choi JA, Park JS, Hahn BS, Kim KY, Kim B, Song JY, Kwon DH, Lee SC, Kim JB, Yang JS. Recombinant DNA and Protein Vaccines for Foot-and-mouth Disease Induce Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses in Mice. Immune Netw 2009; 9:265-73. [PMID: 20157614 PMCID: PMC2816960 DOI: 10.4110/in.2009.9.6.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2009] [Revised: 11/23/2009] [Accepted: 12/18/2009] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a small single-stranded RNA virus which belongs to the family Picornaviridae, genus Apthovirus. It is a principal cause of FMD which is highly contagious in livestock. In a wild type virus infection, infected animals usually elicit antibodies against structural and non-structural protein of FMDV. A structural protein, VP1, is involved in neutralization of virus particle, and has both B and T cell epitopes. A RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, 3D, is highly conserved among other serotypes and strongly immunogenic, therefore, we selected VP1 and 3D as vaccine targets. Methods VP1 and 3D genes were codon-optimized to enhance protein expression level and cloned into mammalian expression vector. To produce recombinant protein, VP1 and 3D genes were also cloned into pET vector. The VP1 and 3D DNA or proteins were co-immunized into 5 weeks old BALB/C mice. Results Antigen-specific serum antibody (Ab) responses were detected by Ab ELISA. Cellular immune response against VP1 and 3D was confirmed by ELISpot assay. Conclusion The results showed that all DNA- and protein-immunized groups induced cellular immune responses, suggesting that both DNA and recombinant protein vaccine administration efficiently induced Ag-specific humoral and cellular immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Young Bae
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
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24
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Preparation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against VP1 protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus O/China99. Virol Sin 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s12250-009-3061-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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25
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Lee CD, Yan YP, Liang SM, Wang TF. Production of FMDV virus-like particles by a SUMO fusion protein approach in Escherichia coli. J Biomed Sci 2009; 16:69. [PMID: 19671144 PMCID: PMC2736159 DOI: 10.1186/1423-0127-16-69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2009] [Accepted: 08/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Virus-like particles (VLPs) are formed by the self-assembly of envelope and/or capsid proteins from many viruses. Some VLPs have been proven successful as vaccines, and others have recently found applications as carriers for foreign antigens or as scaffolds in nanoparticle biotechnology. However, production of VLP was usually impeded due to low water-solubility of recombinant virus capsid proteins. Previous studies revealed that virus capsid and envelope proteins were often posttranslationally modified by SUMO in vivo, leading into a hypothesis that SUMO modification might be a common mechanism for virus proteins to retain water-solubility or prevent improper self-aggregation before virus assembly. We then propose a simple approach to produce VLPs of viruses, e.g., foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). An improved SUMO fusion protein system we developed recently was applied to the simultaneous expression of three capsid proteins of FMDV in E. coli. The three SUMO fusion proteins formed a stable heterotrimeric complex. Proteolytic removal of SUMO moieties from the ternary complexes resulted in VLPs with size and shape resembling the authentic FMDV. The method described here can also apply to produce capsid/envelope protein complexes or VLPs of other disease-causing viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Der Lee
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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26
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A novel bi-functional DNA vaccine expressing VP1 protein and producing antisense RNA targeted to 5′UTR of foot-and-mouth disease virus can induce both rapid inhibitory effect and specific immune response in mice. Vaccine 2008; 26:5477-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2008] [Revised: 07/17/2008] [Accepted: 07/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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27
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De Clercq K, Goris N, Barnett PV, MacKay DK. FMD Vaccines: Reflections on Quality Aspects for Applicability in European Disease Control Policy. Transbound Emerg Dis 2008; 55:46-56. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1865-1682.2007.01012.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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28
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Chen HL, Huang JY, Chu TW, Tsai TC, Hung CM, Lin CC, Liu FC, Wang LC, Chen YJ, Lin MF, Chen CM. Expression of VP1 protein in the milk of transgenic mice: a potential oral vaccine protects against enterovirus 71 infection. Vaccine 2008; 26:2882-9. [PMID: 18450335 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2007] [Revised: 02/17/2008] [Accepted: 03/20/2008] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is the most common etiological agent detected in cases of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) resulting in incidences of neurological complications and fatality in recent years. The clinical data have already shown the significant increase in recent EV71 epidemic activity throughout the Asia-Pacific region. Due to the lack of an effective antiviral agent, primary prevention of the disease, including the development of an effective vaccine, has been the top priority in terms of control strategies. In this study, we first generated a transgenic animal system to produce the EV71 VP1 capsid protein under the control of alpha-lactalbumin promoter and alpha-casein leader sequences. A high level of recombinant VP1 protein (2.51 mg/ml) was expressed and secreted into the milk of transgenic mice. Mouse pups that received VP1-transgenic milk orally demonstrated relatively better health conditions after challenge with the respective virus as compared with the non-transgenic milk fed group; moreover, the mice fed with the VP1-milk had body weights similar to those of the PBS placebo control groups. According to the serum-neutralization assay and serum antibody detection, the littermates suckling VP1-milk generated antibodies specific to EV71. Our data suggest that EV71 VP1-containing milk is suitable for development as a potential oral vaccine.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Aging/immunology
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral/analysis
- Antibodies, Viral/biosynthesis
- Capsid Proteins/genetics
- Capsid Proteins/immunology
- Child, Preschool
- DNA, Complementary/biosynthesis
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- Enterovirus A, Human/immunology
- Enterovirus Infections/immunology
- Enterovirus Infections/prevention & control
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Female
- Genotype
- Humans
- Immunoblotting
- Lactalbumin/genetics
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred ICR
- Mice, Transgenic
- Milk/chemistry
- Neutralization Tests
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
- Viral Fusion Proteins/genetics
- Viral Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Viral Vaccines/genetics
- Viral Vaccines/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Ling Chen
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Da-Yeh University, Changhwa 51501, Taiwan
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29
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Yang CD, Liao JT, Lai CY, Jong MH, Liang CM, Lin YL, Lin NS, Hsu YH, Liang SM. Induction of protective immunity in swine by recombinant bamboo mosaic virus expressing foot-and-mouth disease virus epitopes. BMC Biotechnol 2007; 7:62. [PMID: 17900346 PMCID: PMC2117009 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6750-7-62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2007] [Accepted: 09/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Plant viruses can be employed as versatile vectors for the production of vaccines by expressing immunogenic epitopes on the surface of chimeric viral particles. Although several viruses, including tobacco mosaic virus, potato virus X and cowpea mosaic virus, have been developed as vectors, we aimed to develop a new viral vaccine delivery system, a bamboo mosaic virus (BaMV), that would carry larger transgene loads, and generate better immunity in the target animals with fewer adverse environmental effects. Methods We engineered the BaMV as a vaccine vector expressing the antigenic epitope(s) of the capsid protein VP1 of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). The recombinant BaMV plasmid (pBVP1) was constructed by replacing DNA encoding the 35 N-terminal amino acid residues of the BaMV coat protein with that encoding 37 amino acid residues (T128-N164) of FMDV VP1. Results The pBVP1 was able to infect host plants and to generate a chimeric virion BVP1 expressing VP1 epitopes in its coat protein. Inoculation of swine with BVP1 virions resulted in the production of anti-FMDV neutralizing antibodies. Real-time PCR analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from the BVP1-immunized swine revealed that they produced VP1-specific IFN-γ. Furthermore, all BVP1-immunized swine were protected against FMDV challenge. Conclusion Chimeric BaMV virions that express partial sequence of FMDV VP1 can effectively induce not only humoral and cell-mediated immune responses but also full protection against FMDV in target animals. This BaMV-based vector technology may be applied to other vaccines that require correct expression of antigens on chimeric viral particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Da Yang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Teh Liao
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yen Lai
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hwa Jong
- National Institute for Animal Health, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Na-Sheng Lin
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yau-Heiu Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Mei Liang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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30
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Cheng IC, Liang SM, Tu WJ, Chen CM, Lai SY, Cheng YC, Lee F, Huang TS, Jong MH. Study on the porcinophilic foot-and-mouth disease virus I. production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against VP1. J Vet Med Sci 2006; 68:859-64. [PMID: 16953088 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.68.859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) reported here were produced against the porcinophilic foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) that caused the devastating swine disease on 1997 in Taiwan. A panel (25) of MAbs were found to react with VP1 of O/Taiwan/97 (O/97) by ELISA with various potencies. The biological identities of these VP1 reacting MAbs, such as neutralization activity, isotype and capability to distinguish between two serotype O FMDVs, O/97 and O/Taiwan/KM1/99 (O/99), were further analyzed. Eleven out of the total eighteen O/97 neutralizing MAbs were able to neutralize heterologous O/99. Eight O/97 neutralizing and five non-neutralizing MAbs could differentiate two serotype O FMDVs by immunofluorescence assay (IFA) implied that these thirteen MAbs recognized O/97 specific epitope(s). Furthermore, reactivities of the VP1 reacting MAbs with a 29 amino acids synthetic peptide (P29) representing the betaG-betaH loop of VP1 were analyzed by ELISA and fourteen were found positive. MAb clone Q10E-3 reacting strongest with VP1 and P29, neutralizing both but not differentiating two serotype O viruses suggested that the antibody binding site might involve the RGD motif and its C terminal conserved region on betaG-betaH loop. MAbs with diverse characters presented in this study were the first raised against porcinophilic FMDV. The complete set of MAbs may be used for further studies of vaccine, diagnostic methods, prophylaxis, etiological and immunological researches on FMDV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan-Chen Cheng
- Division of Animal Medicine, Animal Technology Institute, Chunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
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31
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Kim SA, Liang CM, Cheng IC, Cheng YC, Chiao MT, Tseng CJ, Lee F, Jong MH, Tao MH, Yang NS, Liang SM. DNA vaccination against foot-and-mouth disease via electroporation: study of molecular approaches for enhancing VP1 antigenicity. J Gene Med 2006; 8:1182-91. [PMID: 16927362 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) affects susceptible livestock animals and causes disastrous economic impact. Immunization with plasmid expressing VP1 that contains the major antigenic epitope(s) of FMDV as cytoplasmic protein (cVP1) failed to elicit full protection against FMDV challenge. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, mice were immunized via electroporation with four cDNA expression vectors that were constructed to express VP1 of FMDV, as cytoplasmic (cVP1), secreted (sVP1), membrane-anchored (mVP1) or capsid precursor protein (P1), respectively, to evaluate whether expression of VP1 in specific subcellular compartment(s) would result in better immune responses. RESULTS Electroporation enhanced immune responses to vectors expressing cVP1 or P1 and expedited the immune responses to vectors expressing sVP1 or mVP1. Immunization of mice via electroporation with mVP1 cDNA was better than sVP1 or cVP1 cDNA in eliciting neutralizing antibodies and viral clearance protection. Vaccination with P1 cDNA, nonetheless, yielded the best immune responses and protection among all four cDNAs that we tested. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the antigenicity of a VP1 DNA vaccine can be significantly enhanced by altering the cellular localization of the VP1 antigen. Electroporation is a useful tool for enhancing the immune responses of vectors expressing VP1 or P1. By mimicking FMDV more closely than that of transgenic VP1 and eliciting immune responses favorably toward Th2, transgenic P1 may induce more neutralizing antibodies and better protection against FMDV challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk-Am Kim
- Institute of BioAgricultural Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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32
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Yang NS, Wang JH, Lin KF, Wang CY, Kim SA, Yang YL, Jong MH, Kuo TY, Lai SS, Cheng RH, Chan MT, Liang SM. Comparative studies of the capsid precursor polypeptide P1 and the capsid protein VP1 cDNA vectors for DNA vaccination against foot-and-mouth disease virus. J Gene Med 2005; 7:708-17. [PMID: 15693054 PMCID: PMC7166641 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Foot‐and‐mouth disease virus (FMDV) causes a severe livestock disease, and the virus is an interesting target for virology and vaccine studies. Materials and methods Here we evaluated comparatively three different viral antigen‐encoding DNA sequences, delivered via two physical means (i.e., gene gun delivery into skin and electroporation delivery into muscle), for naked DNA‐mediated vaccination in a mouse system. Results Both methods gave similar results, demonstrating commonality of the observed DNA vaccine effects. Immunization with a cDNA vector expressing the major viral antigen (VP1) alone routinely failed to induce the production of anti‐VP1 or neutralizing antibodies in test mice. As a second approach, the plasmid L‐VP1 that produces a transgenic membrane‐anchored VP1 protein elicited a strong antibody response, but all test mice failed in the FMDV challenge experiment. In contrast, for mice immunized with the viral capsid precursor protein (P1) cDNA expression vector, both neutralizing antibodies and 80–100% protection in test mice were detected. Conclusions This strategy of using the whole capsid precursor protein P1 cDNA for vaccination, intentionally without the use of virus‐specific protease or other encoding genes for safety reasons, may thus be employed as a relevant experimental system for induction or upgrading of effective neutralizing antibody response, and as a convenient surrogate test system for DNA vaccination studies of FMDV and presumably other viral diseases. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Sun Yang
- Institute of BioAgricultural Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan, ROC.
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33
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Peng JM, Liang SM, Liang CM. VP1 of foot-and-mouth disease virus induces apoptosis via the Akt signaling pathway. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:52168-74. [PMID: 15466859 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m403686200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) binds to cellular integrins through an RGD motif in its capsid protein, VP1. It is unclear, however, what kind of cellular event(s) are triggered after the binding of VP1 to the cells. In this study, we show that aqueous soluble recombinant DNA-derived VP1 (rVP1) of FMDV induced apoptosis of BHK-21 cells after binding to integrins. In addition, treatment of BHK-21 cells with rVP1 resulted in deactivation of Akt and enhancement of several proapoptotic responses such as dephosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta and cleavage of procaspase-3, -7, and -9. Additional studies revealed that the rVP1 treatment caused apoptosis of cancer cells, including MCF-7 (a breast carcinoma cell line with a functional deletion of the caspase-3 gene) and PC-3 (a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor subtype 3-deficient androgen-independent prostate cancer cell line). These results suggest that rVP1 of FMDV may be used selectively as a potent apoptotic agent for human cancer by modulating the Akt signaling pathway and that its effect is not primarily dependent on either activation of procaspase-3 or deactivation of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor subtype 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jei-Ming Peng
- Institutes of Biological Chemistry and Bioagricultural Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
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