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Komínková D, Vacula J, Záhorová V, Rulík P, Škrkal J, Pecharová E, Borecký Z, Šestáková K, Stádníková D, Finkous P, Finkous M, Hofmanová Kautská V, Doskočilová V, Pilátová H. Aggregated transfer factors of fresh Cs and Sr pollution to various vegetables from six common European soils - mesocosm experiment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 345:118900. [PMID: 37696187 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Aggregated transfer factors (Tag) were identified for three common vegetables grown in six common European soils freshly contaminated by 134Cs and 85Sr. The experiment was carried out as a mesocosm experiment in pots with an average soil weight of 15.8 kg per pot. The vegetables were grown one after the other during one vegetation season, in the order lettuce, onion, and radish (the order usually applied in private gardens and small farms). Despite the fact that lettuce was grown in the most contaminated soil, it had the lowest Tag (in m2/kg) of both radionuclides (3.6E-4 for Cs, 2.0E-2 for Sr), while onion had 6.4E-3 for Cs and 3.2E-2 for Sr and radish had 1.9E-3 for Cs and 8.1E-2 for Sr. Potassium supply did not show any statistically significant effect on Cs Tag; there was a significant impact of K on the decrease in Sr Tag. The experiments indicated that Tag is more affected by plant species than by soil type; therefore, selection of plants with a lower capacity to uptake radionuclides may be an important measure to reduce food contamination and thus minimize the committed effective dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Komínková
- Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Jaroslav Vacula
- Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Věra Záhorová
- National Radiation Protection Institute (SÚRO), Bartoškova 28, 140 00 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Rulík
- National Radiation Protection Institute (SÚRO), Bartoškova 28, 140 00 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Škrkal
- National Radiation Protection Institute (SÚRO), Bartoškova 28, 140 00 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
| | - Emilie Pecharová
- Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Zdeněk Borecký
- National Radiation Protection Institute (SÚRO), Bartoškova 28, 140 00 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
| | - Klára Šestáková
- Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Dita Stádníková
- Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Finkous
- Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Miroslav Finkous
- Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Věra Hofmanová Kautská
- Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Věra Doskočilová
- Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Helena Pilátová
- National Radiation Protection Institute (SÚRO), Bartoškova 28, 140 00 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
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Variation of radioactivity and trace metal elements during the growth period of water spinach. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08293-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Jiao C, Hou C, Zhang M, Chao N, Gao Y, Li Y. Potential application of aluminum phosphate binder in the treatment of waste containing strontium: effects of SrO content on structures and leaching stabilities of aluminum phosphate solidified systems. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-07801-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zakaria ES, Ali IM, Khalil M, El-Tantawy A, El-Saied FA. Adsorptive characteristics of some metal ions on chitosan/zirconium phosphate/silica decorated graphene oxide. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-07766-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Jalali M, Karimi Mojahed J. Assessment of the health risks of heavy metals in soils and vegetables from greenhouse production systems in Iran. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2020; 22:834-848. [PMID: 32091244 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1715917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Overuse of chemical and organic fertilizers in greenhouse (GH) crop production may cause the accumulation of heavy metals in soils and risks to human health. The aims of this study were to compare physical and chemical properties of GH with open-field (OF) soils, to clarify the buildup of heavy metals and phosphorus (P) in soils, and to assess the risks of selected heavy metals in soils and cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) from GH vegetables in Hamedan, western Iran. The average total and Olsen P of GH soils were significantly higher than the OF soils for both vegetables. The order of total and available heavy metal content in tomato GH soils has been set as zinc (Zn) > nickel (Ni) > chromium (Cr) > lead (Pb) > copper (Cu) > cadmium (Cd) and Zn > Cr > Cu > Pb > Ni > Cd, respectively. The same order was found for cucumber GH soils, except that the position of Pb and Cu was changed. The results indicated that in both GH cucumber and tomato soils, the mean content of total and available Zn, available Cu, Ni, and Pb, was extra than in OF soils. There were no significant differences between average total Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb in GH and OF soils. Tomato vegetables had higher heavy metal content and transfer factors, particularly for Cr than cucumber vegetables. According to the health risk indices, Cr and Pb represented a high potential risk for health through cucumber and tomato consumption. There were limited Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn inputs from the irrigation waters, while the input of Cr and Ni may be important. However, the amount of manure application and heavy metal content of the manures was significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Jalali
- Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Javad Karimi Mojahed
- Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
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Saito T, Makino H, Tanaka S. Geochemical and grain-size distribution of radioactive and stable cesium in Fukushima soils: implications for their long-term behavior. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2014; 138:11-18. [PMID: 25128773 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Availability and mobility of radioactive cesium, (137)Cs, in soils are crucial for recovery from the accident in the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plants. In this study we investigated the geochemical and grain-size distribution of (137)Cs in 11 soil samples collected in the eastern area of Fukushima Prefecture after the accident. Sequential extractions were performed to evaluate the distribution of (137)Cs having different geochemical interactions with soil components. The result was further compared with that of the stable cesium, (133)Cs, which had occurred in the soils before the accident. The distribution of (137)Cs in different grain-size fractions was also determined. Radioactive cesium was predominantly found in the extract obtained by strong-acid dissolution and the extraction residue and was more concentrated in silt and clay grains. X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that micaceous minerals as well as kaolin minerals were predominantly dissolved by the strong-acid treatment. Correlation between the fraction of (137)Cs and the content of micaceous minerals in different grain-size fractions of soil minerals suggests that micaceous minerals are responsible for the fixation of (137)Cs in the soils. The isotopic ratio of (137)Cs and (133)Cs in the extract by strong-acid dissolution was more than three times smaller than those in the extracts by water, ion exchange, and reductive dissolution. This indicates that the distribution of (137)Cs was not in the steady state in 2 y after the accident due to relatively slow fixation by the soil clay minerals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Saito
- Nuclear Professional School, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 2-22 Shirakata Shirane, Tokai-mura, Ibaraki 319-1188, Japan.
| | - Hisashi Makino
- Department of Nuclear Engineering and Management, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Satoru Tanaka
- Department of Nuclear Engineering and Management, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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OSHITA S, YASUNAGA E, TAKATA D, TANOI K, KAWAGOE Y, SHIRAI H, NAKANISHI TM, SASAKI H, MAKINO Y. Radioactivity Measurement of Soil and Vegetables Arisen from Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident^|^mdash;Case Studies of Low Level Contamination in Tokyo and Fukushima^|^mdash;. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.3769/radioisotopes.62.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Rahman MM, Chand MM, Koddus A, Rahman MM, Zaman MA, Voigt G. Transfer of radiocobalt from soil to selected plant species in tropical environments. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2008; 99:658-664. [PMID: 17977636 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2007.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2007] [Revised: 05/04/2007] [Accepted: 09/18/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Soil-to-plant transfer factors (TFs) of radiocobalt (60Co) were determined in pot experiments for leafy vegetation, root crops and rice grown in the tropical environment of Bangladesh. Soil properties were also measured to establish a relationship between these properties and TF values. Measured TF values of 60Co for leafy vegetation (average of 2.2 x 10(-2)) were slightly higher than the values obtained for root vegetation (average of 1.6 x 10(-2)). However, TF values obtained for rice (average of 1.17 x 10(-2)) were about a factor of 2 lower than the values obtained for leafy vegetation. TF values of 60Co for leafy vegetation and root crops were observed to decrease with increasing pH, exchangeable K+ and clay content in the soil, even though poor correlations were estimated statistically. No consistent relationship between the TF value for 60Co and organic matter content could be deduced. The results presented here provide a useful addition to existing databases on soil-plant transfer for 60Co, since this information is still rather sparse for tropical environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Rahman
- Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, GPO Box No. 3787, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
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Keum DK, Lee H, Kang HS, Jun I, Choi YH, Lee CW. Predicting the transfer of 137Cs to rice plants by a dynamic compartment model with a consideration of the soil properties. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2007; 92:1-15. [PMID: 17081663 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2006.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2006] [Revised: 08/28/2006] [Accepted: 08/28/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the predictions of the transfer of 137Cs to rice plants following soil deposition during a non-growth season of rice by a dynamic compartment model considering the soil properties, and their comparison with experimental results. Major processes considered in the model were percolation, soil mixing by plowing, plant uptake, leaching to deep soil, fixation to clay mineral, and time-dependent growth of a plant. To consider the effects of the soil properties (pH, clay mineral, organic matter content, and exchangeable K) on plant uptake and the leaching rates of 137Cs in a root zone soil, the Absalom model was used for the present model. The 137Cs aggregated transfer factors (TFa, m2kg-1 dry plant) of rice plants for two consecutive cultivation years were obtained as a result of simulated 137Cs soil deposition experiments with 17 paddy soils of different properties, all of which were performed before transplanting of the rice. Observed 137Cs TFa values of the rice plants did not show an evident trend for the pH and clay content of the soil properties, while they increased with an increasing organic matter content and a decreasing exchangeable K concentration. Predicted 137Cs TFa values of the rice plants were found to be comparable with those observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Kwon Keum
- Nuclear Environment and Radioecology Research Department, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 150 Deokjin-dong, Yuseong, Daejeon, South Korea 305-353.
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Liu LL, Shi JJ, Zhao XY, Hua YJ. Dynamics of transfer and distribution of 95Zr in the broadbean-soil ecosystem. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2005; 80:217-223. [PMID: 15701384 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2004.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2004] [Revised: 09/28/2004] [Accepted: 09/29/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The transfer and distribution of (95)Zr in a simulated broadbean-soil system was studied by using isotope-tracer techniques. The results showed that the (95)Zr was mainly concentrated in the haulm, pod and root, and the activity concentration of (95)Zr in these tissues reached the maximum in the initial stage then decreased continuously. The activity concentration of (95)Zr in edible part-bean was relatively lower, which was just near to the detection limit. The (95)Zr in soil was mainly (97%) deposited in surface layer soil (0-6 cm), indicating that the (95)Zr absorbed by surface soil could not be moved downwards easily because of the strong adsorption. The dynamics of (95)Zr concentrations in broadbean and soil were also confirmed by application of nonlinear regression method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Science of the Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
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Rahman MM, Rahman MM, Koddus A, Ahmad GU, Voigt G. Soil-to-plant transfer of radiocaesium for selected tropical plant species in Bangladesh. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2005; 83:199-211. [PMID: 15923070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2005.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2004] [Revised: 02/08/2005] [Accepted: 03/24/2005] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Soil-to-plant transfer factors (TF) of radiocaesium (137Cs) were determined under field condition for grassy vegetation grown in Bangladesh at contaminated land in the Atomic Energy Research Establishment (AERE) campus. TF values for rice, grass and grassy/root vegetations grown in the same type of soil were also measured under pot condition. TF values of 137Cs for grassy vegetation (2.4 x 10(-2) -4.2 x 10(-2) with an average of 3.1 x 10(-2) +/-0.005) obtained under field condition were slightly lower than the values for grass and grassy/root vegetations (2.9 x 10(-2) -6.6 x 10(-2) with an average of 4.8 x 10(-2) +/-0.01 for grass and grassy vegetations and 2.3 x 10(-2) -5.6 x 10(-2) with an average of 4.0 x 10(-2) +/-0.009 for root vegetations, respectively) obtained under pot condition. However, TF values (9.0 x 10(-3) -2.6 x 10(-2) with an average of 1.9 x 10(-2) +/-0.004) obtained for rice were about a factor of 4 lower than the values obtained for grass and grassy/root vegetations. When the properties of the AERE soils as input parameters were used in the soil-plant transfer model of Absalom, the estimated TF values (4.5 x 10(-2) -6.7 x 10(-2) with an average of 5.3 x 10(-2) +/-0.006) were consistent with the measured values obtained for grass and grassy vegetations under pot condition, however, the model overestimates the TF values for rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Rahman
- International Atomic Energy Agency, Wagramerstrasse 5, P.O. Box No. 200, A-1400 Vienna, Austria.
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