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Guo Y, Dai R, Deng Y, Sun L, Meng S, Xin N. Hypolipidemic properties of the extracts of Belamcanda chinensis leaves (BCLE) in KK-A y mice. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902020000118957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Guo
- BIT&GS Technologies Co. Ltd., China
| | | | | | - Lili Sun
- BIT&GS Technologies Co. Ltd., China
| | | | - Nian Xin
- BIT&GS Technologies Co. Ltd., China
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Contreras MDM, Gómez-Cruz I, Feriani A, Alwasel S, Harrath AH, Romero I, Castro E, Tlili N. Hepatopreventive properties of hydroxytyrosol and mannitol-rich extracts obtained from exhausted olive pomace using green extraction methods. Food Funct 2022; 13:11915-11928. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00888b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxytyrosol and mannitol rich extracts from exhausted olive pomace were obtained by green extraction methodologies. Supplementation of these extracts alleviated CCl4-induced hepatic damage and protected DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- María del Mar Contreras
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Earth Sciences, Energy and Environment (CEACTEMA), Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Irene Gómez-Cruz
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Earth Sciences, Energy and Environment (CEACTEMA), Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Anouar Feriani
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Biomonitoring of the Environment and Oasis Ecosystems. Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, 2112 Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - Saleh Alwasel
- King Saud University, Department of Zoology, College of Science, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdel Halim Harrath
- King Saud University, Department of Zoology, College of Science, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Inmaculada Romero
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Earth Sciences, Energy and Environment (CEACTEMA), Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Eulogio Castro
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Earth Sciences, Energy and Environment (CEACTEMA), Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Nizar Tlili
- Institut Supérieur des Sciences et Technologies de l'Environnement, Université de Carthage, Tunisia
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Rahman MM, Rahaman MS, Islam MR, Rahman F, Mithi FM, Alqahtani T, Almikhlafi MA, Alghamdi SQ, Alruwaili AS, Hossain MS, Ahmed M, Das R, Emran TB, Uddin MS. Role of Phenolic Compounds in Human Disease: Current Knowledge and Future Prospects. Molecules 2021; 27:233. [PMID: 35011465 PMCID: PMC8746501 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a natural protective mechanism that occurs when the body's tissue homeostatic mechanisms are disrupted by biotic, physical, or chemical agents. The immune response generates pro-inflammatory mediators, but excessive output, such as chronic inflammation, contributes to many persistent diseases. Some phenolic compounds work in tandem with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to inhibit pro-inflammatory mediators' activity or gene expression, including cyclooxygenase (COX). Various phenolic compounds can also act on transcription factors, such as nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) or nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), to up-or downregulate elements within the antioxidant response pathways. Phenolic compounds can inhibit enzymes associated with the development of human diseases and have been used to treat various common human ailments, including hypertension, metabolic problems, incendiary infections, and neurodegenerative diseases. The inhibition of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) by phenolic compounds has been used to treat hypertension. The inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzyme represents a type 2 diabetes mellitus therapy, and cholinesterase inhibition has been applied to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD). Phenolic compounds have also demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties to treat skin diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Plant extracts and phenolic compounds exert protective effects against oxidative stress and inflammation caused by airborne particulate matter, in addition to a range of anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-aging, antibacterial, and antiviral activities. Dietary polyphenols have been used to prevent and treat allergy-related diseases. The chemical and biological contributions of phenolic compounds to cardiovascular disease have also been described. This review summarizes the recent progress delineating the multifunctional roles of phenolic compounds, including their anti-inflammatory properties and the molecular pathways through which they exert anti-inflammatory effects on metabolic disorders. This study also discusses current issues and potential prospects for the therapeutic application of phenolic compounds to various human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Mominur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.S.R.); (M.R.I.); (F.R.); (F.M.M.); (M.S.H.); (M.A.)
| | - Md. Saidur Rahaman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.S.R.); (M.R.I.); (F.R.); (F.M.M.); (M.S.H.); (M.A.)
| | - Md. Rezaul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.S.R.); (M.R.I.); (F.R.); (F.M.M.); (M.S.H.); (M.A.)
| | - Firoza Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.S.R.); (M.R.I.); (F.R.); (F.M.M.); (M.S.H.); (M.A.)
| | - Faria Mannan Mithi
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.S.R.); (M.R.I.); (F.R.); (F.M.M.); (M.S.H.); (M.A.)
| | - Taha Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohannad A. Almikhlafi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Taibah University, Madinah 41477, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Samia Qasem Alghamdi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Al-Baha University, Albaha 65527, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdullah S Alruwaili
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Science, Northern Border University, P.O. Box 1321, Arar 9280, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Md. Sohel Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.S.R.); (M.R.I.); (F.R.); (F.M.M.); (M.S.H.); (M.A.)
| | - Muniruddin Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.S.R.); (M.R.I.); (F.R.); (F.M.M.); (M.S.H.); (M.A.)
| | - Rajib Das
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh;
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh
- Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
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Extra Virgin Olive Oil Phenol Extracts Exert Hypocholesterolemic Effects through the Modulation of the LDLR Pathway: In Vitro and Cellular Mechanism of Action Elucidation. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061723. [PMID: 32526887 PMCID: PMC7352813 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed at investigating the hypocholesterolemic effects of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) phenols and the mechanisms behind the effect. Two phenolic extracts were prepared from EVOO of different cultivars and analyzed using the International Olive Council (IOC) official method for total phenols, a recently validated hydrolytic procedure for total hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol, and 1H-NMR analysis in order to assess their secoiridoid profiles. Both of the extracts inhibited in vitro the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl co-enzyme A reductase (HMGCoAR) activity in a dose-dependent manner. After the treatment of human hepatic HepG2 cells (25 µg/mL), they increased the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor protein levels through the activation of the sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBP)-2 transcription factor, leading to a better ability of HepG2 cells to uptake extracellular LDL molecules with a final hypocholesterolemic effect. Moreover, both of the extracts regulated the intracellular HMGCoAR activity through the increase of its phosphorylation by the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-pathways. Unlike pravastatin, they did not produce any unfavorable effect on proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) protein level. Finally, the fact that extracts with different secoiridoid profiles induce practically the same biological effects suggests that the hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol derivatives may have similar roles in hypocholesterolemic activity.
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Potential Benefits of Jujube ( Zizyphus Lotus L.) Bioactive Compounds for Nutrition and Health. J Nutr Metab 2016; 2016:2867470. [PMID: 28053781 PMCID: PMC5174181 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2867470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Zizyphus lotus, belonging to the Rhamnaceae family, is a deciduous shrub which generally grows in arid and semiarid regions of the globe. In traditional medicine, Z. lotus is used as antidiabetes, sedative, bronchitis, and antidiarrhea by local populations. Recently, several scientific reports for health benefit and nutritional potential of bioactive compounds from this jujube have been reported. This plant is rich in polyphenols, cyclopeptide alkaloids, dammarane saponins, vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. These identified compounds were supposed to be responsible for most of Z. lotus biologically relevant activities including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects. The aim of the present review was to give particular emphasis on the most recent findings on biological effects of the major groups of Zizyphus lotus components and their medical interest, notably for human nutrition, health benefit, and therapeutic impacts.
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Viejo J, Bastida S, Sanchez-Muniz FJ, Garcia-Linares MC, Garcia-Arias MT. Effect of Olive Oil-Fried Sardine Consumption on Liver Lipid Composition and Fatty Acid Cholesterol Esterification in Hypercholesterolemic Rats. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1082013203038860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PUFA n-3 diets have hypolipemic and cardiovascular protection properties, however their effects on liver lipids are not well established. This work aimed to find out the acceptability and effects of diets containing olive oil-fried sardines on serum cholesterol, liver lipid and fatty acids profile in hypercholesterolemic growing Wistar rats. Hypercholesterolemia was induced for three weeks by a casein plus DL-methionine, olive oil and cholesterol plus bovine bileas cholesterol-raising agent. Rats were later transferred for three weeks to semisynthetic diets containing casein plus DL-methionine and olive oil (CO), casein plus DLmethionine, olive oil and the cholesterol-raising agent (COC), sardines fried in olive oil (S), and sardines friedin olive oil and the cholesterol-raising agent (SC). SC or S diets were well accepted by the rats. The SC-diet markedly blocked and reversed the hypercholesterolemic induction of the cholesterol-raising agent. The cholesterol withdrawal decreased serum cholesterol in CO and S dietsby decreasing the serum non-HDL-cholesterol content but the S-diet totally normalised the serum cholesterol. Fried sardines did not change the triacylglycerol, free, esterified and total cholesterol contents of liver. Although long PUFA n-6 and PUFA n-3 were decreased by the dietary cholesterol, olive oil-fried sardine consumption maintained the docosahexaenoic acid and thedocosahexaenoic acid/linolenic acid ratio in liver and cholesterol ester fraction at a high level. Olive oil fried sardines blocked the hypercholesterolemic effect of the diet containing cholesterol and help normalising lipoprotein profile in a rather short period. The oleic acid esterification of cholesterol was kept high in all experimental diets as a mechanism to maintain the liver cholesterol ester/free cholesterol ratio as high as possible. The fat in the oliveoil-fried sardines was used similarly to the oleic acid by the liver of hypercholesterolemic rats but increased its PUFA n-3 content in the total liver and its cholesterol ester fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Francisco J. Sanchez-Muniz
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología I (Nutrición), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Avocado oil supplementation modifies cardiovascular risk profile markers in a rat model of sucrose-induced metabolic changes. DISEASE MARKERS 2014; 2014:386425. [PMID: 24719499 PMCID: PMC3955619 DOI: 10.1155/2014/386425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of avocado oil administration on biochemical markers of cardiovascular risk profile in rats with metabolic changes induced by sucrose ingestion. Twenty-five rats were divided into five groups: a control group (CG; basic diet), a sick group (MC; basic diet plus 30% sucrose solution), and three other groups (MCao, MCac, and MCas; basic diet plus 30% sucrose solution plus olive oil and avocado oil extracted by centrifugation or using solvent, resp.). Glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, low- and high-density lipoproteins (LDL, HDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), lactic dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, and high sensitivity C-reactive protein concentration were analyzed. Avocado oil reduces TG, VLDL, and LDL levels, in the LDL case significantly so, without affecting HDL levels. An effect was exhibited by avocado oil similar to olive oil, with no significant difference between avocado oil extracted either by centrifugation or solvent in myocardial injury biochemical indicators. Avocado oil decreased hs-CRP levels, indicating that inflammatory processes were partially reversed. These findings suggested that avocado oil supplementation has a positive health outcome because it reduces inflammatory events and produces positive changes in the biochemical indicators studied, related to the development of metabolic syndrome.
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Abdoul-Azize S, Bendahmane M, Hichami A, Dramane G, Simonin AM, Benammar C, Sadou H, Akpona S, El Boustani ES, Khan NA. Effects of Zizyphus lotus L. (Desf.) polyphenols on Jurkat cell signaling and proliferation. Int Immunopharmacol 2012; 15:364-71. [PMID: 23219580 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2012.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 11/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We assessed the effects of Zizyphus lotus L. (Desf.) polyphenols (ZLP) on T-cell signaling and proliferation. Our results showed that ZLP exerted no effect on the increases in intracellular free calcium concentrations, [Ca(2+)]i, in human Jurkat T-cells. However, ZLP modulated the thapsigargin-induced increases in [Ca(2+)]i in these cells. ZLP treatment was found to decrease the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2). In addition, ZLP induced a rapid (t1/2=33s) and dose-dependent decrease in intracellular pH (pHi) in human Jurkat T-cells. Furthermore, ZLP significantly curtailed T-cell proliferation by diminishing their progression from S to G2/M phase of cell cycle, and the expression of interleukin-2 (IL-2) mRNA. Taken together, the results of the present study demonstrate that ZLP modulate cell signaling and exert immunosuppressive effects in human T-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souleymane Abdoul-Azize
- INSERM U866, Physiologie de la Nutrition & Toxicologie (NuTox), Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
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Chen G, Luo YC, Ji BP, Li B, Su W, Xiao ZL, Zhang GZ. Hypocholesterolemic effects of Auricularia auricula ethanol extract in ICR mice fed a cholesterol-enriched diet. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2010; 48:692-8. [PMID: 23572806 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-010-0196-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/16/2010] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The cholesterol-lowering properties of Auricularia auricula are commonly attributed to the presence of polysaccharides based on previous research. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of ethanol extract of A. auricula (AAE) on hypercholesterolemia in ICR mice. AAE contained more than 16% (g/g) polyphenolic compounds, excluding other interfering factors such as polysaccharides, water-soluble fibre and protein. Thirty-six mice were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 12). The experimental group was fed cholesterol-enriched diet (CED) with oral administration of AAE (150 mg/kg/d b.w.) for 8-week, normal control group and CED control group received either a regular diet (RD) or CED along with oral administration of equal volume distilled water. Serum lipid profiles and antioxidant status were measured in addition to fecal neutral cholesterol and bile acids. AAE showed a remarkable hypocholesterolemic effect, improving antioxidant status, decreasing the level of total cholesterol and atherosclerosis index, increasing the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and fecal excretion of bile acids. No apparent effects on serum triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fecal excretion of neutral cholesterol and feeding efficiency were observed among all groups. These results indicated that A. auricula functional components, which prevented hypercholesterolemia contained polyphenolic compounds, in addition to polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031 China
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Pérez-Jiménez F, Ruano J, Perez-Martinez P, Lopez-Segura F, Lopez-Miranda J. The influence of olive oil on human health: not a question of fat alone. Mol Nutr Food Res 2008; 51:1199-208. [PMID: 17879991 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200600273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Olive oil is the most representative food in the traditional Mediterranean diet and its most important source of MUFA. The healthy benefits of MUFA-rich diets on plasma cholesterol levels, were the first to generate interest in this dietary model. In addition to the benefits conferred by its lipids, olive oil has other biological effects, some of them also related to MUFA. However, most recent studies have shown that there are a number of properties that depend on, or are potentiated by, the consumption of olive oil, such as virgin olive oil, that is rich in microcomponents. This foodstuff, thanks to its double set of benefits, thus tends to produce a better lipid profile and a less prothrombotic environment, promoting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, with a greater endothelial protective capacity. In view of these effects, it would appear that when olive oil is the basic source of dietary alimentary fat it has a major antiatherogenic capacity, which is not shared to the same extent by other oils that are rich in oleic acid but lack its characteristic micronutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Pérez-Jiménez
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Córdoba, Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CB06/03), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
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Tripoli E, Giammanco M, Tabacchi G, Di Majo D, Giammanco S, La Guardia M. The phenolic compounds of olive oil: structure, biological activity and beneficial effects on human health. Nutr Res Rev 2007; 18:98-112. [DOI: 10.1079/nrr200495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 428] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe Mediterranean diet is rich in vegetables, cereals, fruit, fish, milk, wine and olive oil and has salutary biological functions. Epidemiological studies have shown a lower incidence of atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases and certain kinds of cancer in the Mediterranean area. Olive oil is the main source of fat, and the Mediterranean diet's healthy effects can in particular be attributed not only to the high relationship between unsaturated and saturated fatty acids in olive oil but also to the antioxidant property of its phenolic compounds. The main phenolic compounds, hydroxytyrosol and oleuropein, which give extra-virgin olive oil its bitter, pungent taste, have powerful antioxidant activity bothin vivoandin vitro. The present review focuses on recent works analysing the relationship between the structure of olive oil polyphenolic compounds and their antioxidant activity. These compounds' possible beneficial effects are due to their antioxidant activity, which is related to the development of atherosclerosis and cancer, and to anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity.
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Pérez Martínez P, López-Miranda J, Delgado-Lista J, López-Segura F, Pérez Jiménez F. Aceite de oliva y prevención cardiovascular: más que una grasa. CLÍNICA E INVESTIGACIÓN EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0214-9168(06)73688-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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