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Almeida C, Dal'col FL, Massarani L. [Scientific controversies in Brazilian television journalism: the coverage of stem cell research onJornal Nacional]. HISTORIA, CIENCIAS, SAUDE--MANGUINHOS 2013; 20 Suppl 1:1203-1223. [PMID: 24346198 DOI: 10.1590/s0104-59702013000400007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In 1998, stem cell research became a subject of heightened controversy. In Brazil, the polemic came to a head in 2008 when the Federal Supreme Court commenced a judicial review of the new Biosecurity Law because it permitted the use of human embryos in research. This study analyzes the coverage of human embryonic stem cell research on the national daily evening news show, Jornal Nacional . A positive tone is observed, marked by a focus on the potential benefits of the research and omission of its limitations and risks. The limited success rate thus far obtained from embryonic stem cell research and the risks of inducing the formation of tumors were omitted, intimating that the only barrier to new treatments and cures was the legislation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Almeida
- Museu da Vida, Casa de Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Brasil, Rio de JaneiroRJ,
| | | | - Luisa Massarani
- Museu da Vida, Casa de Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Brasil, Rio de JaneiroRJ,
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Gray SW, Armstrong K, Demichele A, Schwartz JS, Hornik RC. Colon cancer patient information seeking and the adoption of targeted therapy for on-label and off-label indications. Cancer 2009; 115:1424-34. [PMID: 19235785 PMCID: PMC2700716 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.24186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the rise in publicly available cancer information, little is known about the association between patient information seeking and the adoption of cancer technologies. The authors of this report investigated the relation between patient information seeking and awareness about and receipt of novel targeted therapy (TT) for colon cancer among patients for whom therapy is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and among patients for whom therapy is not FDA approved. METHODS A retrospective, population-based survey of 633 colon cancer patients were identified through the Pennsylvania Cancer Registry. Outcome measures were self-reported awareness about and receipt of TT (bevacizumab and cetuximab). RESULTS After adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, high levels of treatment information seeking were associated strongly with hearing about TT (odds ratio [OR], 2.83; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.49-5.38) and receiving TT (OR, 3.22; 95% CI, 1.36-7.62). These associations were present for patients with metastatic disease, for whom the use of TT is FDA approved, and for patients with localized disease, for whom the use of TT is not FDA approved (P for interactions = .29). Internet use (OR, 2.88; 95% CI, 1.40-5.94) and newspaper/magazine use (OR, 3.44; 95% CI, 1.34-8.84) were associated with hearing about TT. Seeking information from nontreating physicians was associated with hearing about TT (OR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.03-3.68) and receiving TT (OR, 2.64; 95% CI, 1.16-5.97). CONCLUSIONS Patient information seeking was related to the adoption of TT for colon cancer in both appropriate and inappropriate clinical settings. These findings emphasize the importance of exploring patient influence on physician prescribing patterns and understanding the impact of information seeking on cancer outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy W Gray
- Center for Outcomes and Policy Research, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
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Caulfield T, Fullerton SM, Ali-Khan SE, Arbour L, Burchard EG, Cooper RS, Hardy BJ, Harry S, Hyde-Lay R, Kahn J, Kittles R, Koenig BA, Lee SSJ, Malinowski M, Ravitsky V, Sankar P, Scherer SW, Séguin B, Shickle D, Suarez-Kurtz G, Daar AS. Race and ancestry in biomedical research: exploring the challenges. Genome Med 2009; 1:8. [PMID: 19348695 PMCID: PMC2651580 DOI: 10.1186/gm8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of race in biomedical research has, for decades, been a source of social controversy. However, recent events, such as the adoption of racially targeted pharmaceuticals, have raised the profile of the race issue. In addition, we are entering an era in which genomic research is increasingly focused on the nature and extent of human genetic variation, often examined by population, which leads to heightened potential for misunderstandings or misuse of terms concerning genetic variation and race. Here, we draw together the perspectives of participants in a recent interdisciplinary workshop on ancestry and health in medicine in order to explore the use of race in research issue from the vantage point of a variety of disciplines. We review the nature of the race controversy in the context of biomedical research and highlight several challenges to policy action, including restrictions resulting from commercial or regulatory considerations, the difficulty in presenting precise terminology in the media, and drifting or ambiguous definitions of key terms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Caulfield
- Faculty of Law and School of Public Health Research, Health Law Institute, University of Alberta, 89 Ave and 111 St., T6G 2H5, Canada
| | - Stephanie M Fullerton
- Department of Medical History and Ethics and Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Sarah E Ali-Khan
- Program on Life Sciences Ethics and Policy, McLaughlin-Rotman Centre for Global Health, University Health Network, University of Toronto, MaRS Centre, 101 College St, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Laura Arbour
- Faculty of Medicine, Island Medical Program, University of British Columbia, 3800 Finnerty Rd, Victoria, British Columbia, V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Esteban G Burchard
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Medicine, Divisions of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmacogenetics, Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, and Clinical Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-2911, USA
| | - Richard S Cooper
- Department of Epidemiology & Preventive Medicine, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University, 2160 South First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Billie-Jo Hardy
- Program on Life Sciences Ethics and Policy, McLaughlin-Rotman Centre for Global Health, University Health Network, University of Toronto, MaRS Centre, 101 College St, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Simrat Harry
- Faculty of Law and School of Public Health Research, Health Law Institute, University of Alberta, 89 Ave and 111 St., T6G 2H5, Canada
| | - Robyn Hyde-Lay
- Genome Alberta, 3553-31 St NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2L 2K7, Canada
| | - Jonathan Kahn
- Hamline University School of Law, 1536 Hewitt Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55104, USA
| | - Rick Kittles
- Department of Medicine, Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Barbara A Koenig
- Program in Professionalism & Bioethics, Mayo College of Medicine, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Sandra SJ Lee
- Stanford Center for Biomedical Ethics, Stanford University Medical School, 701 Welch Rd, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Michael Malinowski
- Paul M Hebert Law Center, Louisiana State University, 1 East Campus Drive, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Vardit Ravitsky
- Department of Medical Ethics and Center for Bioethics, University of Pennsylvania, 3401 Market St, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Pamela Sankar
- Department of Medical Ethics and Center for Bioethics, University of Pennsylvania, 3401 Market St, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Stephen W Scherer
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Béatrice Séguin
- Program on Life Sciences Ethics and Policy, McLaughlin-Rotman Centre for Global Health, University Health Network, University of Toronto, MaRS Centre, 101 College St, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Leslie Dan School of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College St, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Darren Shickle
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, 101 Clarendon Rd, Leeds, LS2 9LJ, UK
| | - Guilherme Suarez-Kurtz
- Pharmacology Division, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rua André Cavalcanti 37, Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, Brazil
| | - Abdallah S Daar
- Program on Life Sciences Ethics and Policy, McLaughlin-Rotman Centre for Global Health, University Health Network, University of Toronto, MaRS Centre, 101 College St, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Department of Public Health Sciences and of Surgery, University of Toronto, 155 College St, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 3M7, Canada
- McLaughlin Centre for Molecular Medicine, University of Toronto, MaRS Centre, 101 College St, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto and University Health Network, 190 Elizabeth St, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2C4, Canada
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Catz DS, Green NS, Tobin JN, Lloyd-Puryear MA, Kyler P, Umemoto A, Cernoch J, Brown R, Wolman F. Attitudes about genetics in underserved, culturally diverse populations. Public Health Genomics 2006; 8:161-72. [PMID: 16113533 DOI: 10.1159/000086759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE New medical discoveries regarding genetic susceptibility to common chronic diseases, and the decoding of the human genome have increased public attention to genetics. What information is understood and what attitudes exist towards genetics and genetic research have not been well examined in underserved, culturally diverse communities. METHODS To better understand attitudes and beliefs towards genetics and genetic testing in these groups, we conducted eight focus groups with 55 patients and health care workers in New York City and Westchester, N.Y., in English, Spanish, and Chinese. RESULTS Focus group participants had limited understanding about genetics or genetic testing. Newborn screening was the least-known genetic issue, even among health care workers. Regardless of their cultural group, most participants expressed a desire for more information about genetics and genetic tests. Latinos and Chinese participants generally expressed positive attitudes towards genetic studies and genetic testing, with the possibility of preventing diseases cited as the main advantage. Black Americans and Non-Hispanic Whites reported mixed feelings about genetic research and genetic testing. Concerns expressed included: anxiety before receiving test results or waiting for a disease to develop, fear of genetic discrimination by health and life insurance companies and employers, not having the financial means to deal with genetic diseases in themselves or a sick child, concern that children and adults are having too many tests. Black Americans expressed the most concern for possibly harmful use of genetic information. CONCLUSIONS Minority populations of diverse cultures have limited knowledge about genetics and genetic testing, would like to have more information, and are not well reached by the current educational approaches. Participants knew the least about newborn screening, a test that is mandatory in the New York State. While genetic knowledge by minority populations was perhaps not different from the level of knowledge of consumers in general, minority populations are at particular risk of being left behind because of historically poor access to information and services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana S Catz
- Clinical Directors Network, Inc., New York, NY 10605, USA
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