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Dovrtelova G, Zendulka O, Noskova K, Jurica J, Pes O, Dusek J, Carazo A, Zapletalova I, Hlavacova N, Pavek P. Effect of Endocannabinoid Oleamide on Rat and Human Liver Cytochrome P450 Enzymes in In Vitro and In Vivo Models. Drug Metab Dispos 2018; 46:913-923. [PMID: 29650790 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.117.079582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system is important for many physiologic and pathologic processes, but its role in the regulation of liver cytochromes P450 (P450s) remains unknown. We studied the influence of the endocannabinoid oleamide on rat and human liver P450s. Oleamide was administered intraperitoneally to rats at doses of 0.1, 1, and 10 mg/kg per day for 7 days. The content and activity of key P450s were evaluated in rat liver microsomes. Moreover, interactions with nuclear receptors regulating P450 genes and serum levels of their ligands (prolactin, corticosterone, and free triiodothyronine) were tested in in vitro P450 inhibition assays. Decreased protein levels and metabolic activities of CYP1A2, CYP2B, and CYP2C11, along with a drop in metabolic activity of CYP2D2, were observed in animals treated with oleamide (10 mg/kg per day). The activities of CYP2C6, CYP2A, and CYP3A and the levels of hormones were not altered. In vitro, oleamide exhibited a weak inhibition of rat CYP1A2, CYP2D2, and CYP2C6. The activities of rat CYP2A, CYP2B, CYP2C11, and CYP3A and human CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, and CYP3A4 were not altered. Oleamide did not interact with human pregnane X, constitutive androstane, or aryl hydrocarbon receptors in reporter gene experiments and did not regulate their target P450 genes in primary human hepatocytes. Our results indicate that oleamide caused the downregulation of some rat liver P450s, and hormones are not mediators of this effect. In vitro oleamide inhibits mainly rat CYP2C6 and is neither an agonist nor antagonist of major human nuclear receptors involved in the regulation of xenobiotic metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Dovrtelova
- Departments of Pharmacology (G.D., O.Z., K.N, J.J.) and Biochemistry (O.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Kralove (J.D., A.C., P.P.), and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc (I.Z.), Czech Republic; and Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic (N.H.)
| | - Ondrej Zendulka
- Departments of Pharmacology (G.D., O.Z., K.N, J.J.) and Biochemistry (O.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Kralove (J.D., A.C., P.P.), and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc (I.Z.), Czech Republic; and Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic (N.H.)
| | - Kristyna Noskova
- Departments of Pharmacology (G.D., O.Z., K.N, J.J.) and Biochemistry (O.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Kralove (J.D., A.C., P.P.), and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc (I.Z.), Czech Republic; and Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic (N.H.)
| | - Jan Jurica
- Departments of Pharmacology (G.D., O.Z., K.N, J.J.) and Biochemistry (O.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Kralove (J.D., A.C., P.P.), and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc (I.Z.), Czech Republic; and Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic (N.H.)
| | - Ondrej Pes
- Departments of Pharmacology (G.D., O.Z., K.N, J.J.) and Biochemistry (O.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Kralove (J.D., A.C., P.P.), and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc (I.Z.), Czech Republic; and Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic (N.H.)
| | - Jan Dusek
- Departments of Pharmacology (G.D., O.Z., K.N, J.J.) and Biochemistry (O.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Kralove (J.D., A.C., P.P.), and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc (I.Z.), Czech Republic; and Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic (N.H.)
| | - Alejandro Carazo
- Departments of Pharmacology (G.D., O.Z., K.N, J.J.) and Biochemistry (O.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Kralove (J.D., A.C., P.P.), and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc (I.Z.), Czech Republic; and Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic (N.H.)
| | - Iveta Zapletalova
- Departments of Pharmacology (G.D., O.Z., K.N, J.J.) and Biochemistry (O.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Kralove (J.D., A.C., P.P.), and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc (I.Z.), Czech Republic; and Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic (N.H.)
| | - Natasa Hlavacova
- Departments of Pharmacology (G.D., O.Z., K.N, J.J.) and Biochemistry (O.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Kralove (J.D., A.C., P.P.), and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc (I.Z.), Czech Republic; and Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic (N.H.)
| | - Petr Pavek
- Departments of Pharmacology (G.D., O.Z., K.N, J.J.) and Biochemistry (O.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Kralove (J.D., A.C., P.P.), and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc (I.Z.), Czech Republic; and Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic (N.H.)
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Achour B, Al Feteisi H, Lanucara F, Rostami-Hodjegan A, Barber J. Global Proteomic Analysis of Human Liver Microsomes: Rapid Characterization and Quantification of Hepatic Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes. Drug Metab Dispos 2017; 45:666-675. [PMID: 28373266 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.116.074732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Many genetic and environmental factors lead to interindividual variations in the metabolism and transport of drugs, profoundly affecting efficacy and toxicity. Precision dosing, that is, targeting drug dose to a well characterized subpopulation, is dependent on quantitative models of the profiles of drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) and transporters within that subpopulation, informed by quantitative proteomics. We report the first use of ion mobility-mass spectrometry for this purpose, allowing rapid, robust, label-free quantification of human liver microsomal (HLM) proteins from distinct individuals. Approximately 1000 proteins were identified and quantified in four samples, including an average of 70 DMEs. Technical and biological variabilities were distinguishable, with technical variability accounting for about 10% of total variability. The biological variation between patients was clearly identified, with samples showing a range of expression profiles for cytochrome P450 and uridine 5'-diphosphoglucuronosyltransferase enzymes. Our results showed excellent agreement with previous data from targeted methods. The label-free method, however, allowed a fuller characterization of the in vitro system, showing, for the first time, that HLMs are significantly heterogeneous. Further, the traditional units of measurement of DMEs (pmol mg-1 HLM protein) are shown to introduce error arising from variability in unrelated, highly abundant proteins. Simulations of this variability suggest that up to 1.7-fold variation in apparent CYP3A4 abundance is artifactual, as are background positive correlations of up to 0.2 (Spearman correlation coefficient) between the abundances of DMEs. We suggest that protein concentrations used in pharmacokinetic predictions and scaling to in vivo clinical situations (physiologically based pharmacokinetics and in vitro-in vivo extrapolation) should be referenced instead to tissue mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brahim Achour
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester (B.A., H.A.F., A.R.-H., J.B.), Waters Corporation, Wilmslow, Cheshire East (F.L.), and Simcyp Limited (a Certara Company), Blades Enterprise Centre, Sheffield (A.R.-H.), United Kingdom
| | - Hajar Al Feteisi
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester (B.A., H.A.F., A.R.-H., J.B.), Waters Corporation, Wilmslow, Cheshire East (F.L.), and Simcyp Limited (a Certara Company), Blades Enterprise Centre, Sheffield (A.R.-H.), United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Lanucara
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester (B.A., H.A.F., A.R.-H., J.B.), Waters Corporation, Wilmslow, Cheshire East (F.L.), and Simcyp Limited (a Certara Company), Blades Enterprise Centre, Sheffield (A.R.-H.), United Kingdom
| | - Amin Rostami-Hodjegan
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester (B.A., H.A.F., A.R.-H., J.B.), Waters Corporation, Wilmslow, Cheshire East (F.L.), and Simcyp Limited (a Certara Company), Blades Enterprise Centre, Sheffield (A.R.-H.), United Kingdom
| | - Jill Barber
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester (B.A., H.A.F., A.R.-H., J.B.), Waters Corporation, Wilmslow, Cheshire East (F.L.), and Simcyp Limited (a Certara Company), Blades Enterprise Centre, Sheffield (A.R.-H.), United Kingdom
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Erectile Dysfunction Drugs Changed the Protein Expressions and Activities of Drug-Metabolising Enzymes in the Liver of Male Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:4970906. [PMID: 27800121 PMCID: PMC5075309 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4970906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a major health problem and is mainly associated with the persistent inability of men to maintain sufficient erection for satisfactory sexual performance. Millions of men are using sildenafil, vardenafil, and/or tadalafil for ED treatment. Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) play a central role in the metabolism of a wide range of xenobiotics as well as endogenous compounds. Susceptibility of individuals to the adverse effects of different drugs is mainly dependent on the expression of CYPs proteins. Therefore, changes in activities of phase I drug-metabolising enzymes [arylhydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH), dimethylnitrosamine N-demethylase (DMN-dI), 7-ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase (ECOD), and ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase ((EROD)] and the protein expression of different CYPs isozymes (CYP1A2, CYP2E1, CYP2B1/2, CYP3A4, CYP2C23, and CYP2C6) were determined after treatment of male rats with either low or high doses of sildenafil (Viagra), tadalafil (Cialis), and/or vardenafil (Levitra) for 3 weeks. The present study showed that low doses of tadalafil and vardenafil increased DMN-dI activity by 32 and 23%, respectively. On the other hand, high doses of tadalafil, vardenafil, and sildenafil decreased such activity by 50, 56, and 52%, respectively. In addition, low doses of tadalafil and vardenafil induced the protein expression of CYP2E1. On the other hand, high doses of either tadalafil or sildenafil were more potent inhibitors to CYP2E1 expression than vardenafil. Moreover, low doses of both vardenafil and sildenafil markedly increased AHH activity by 162 and 247%, respectively, whereas high doses of tadalafil, vardenafil, and sildenafil inhibited such activity by 36, 49, and 57% and inhibited the EROD activity by 39, 49, and 33%, respectively. Low and high doses of tadalafil, vardenafil, and sildenafil inhibited the activity of NADPH-cytochrome c reductase as well as its protein expression. In addition, such drugs inhibited the expression of CYP B1/2 along with its corresponding enzyme marker ECOD activity. It is concluded that changes in the expression and activity of phase I drug-metabolising enzymes could change the normal metabolic pathways and might enhance the deleterious effects of exogenous as well as endogenous compounds.
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