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Barišić ML, Sarajlija H, Klarić E, Knežević A, Sabol I, Pandurić V. Detection of Leachable Components from Conventional and Dental Bulk-Fill Resin Composites (High and Low Viscosity) Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) Method. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030627. [PMID: 36771928 PMCID: PMC9921113 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate leachable components (monomers) in high and low viscosity dental bulk-fill resin composites and conventional resin composite materials after polymerization. Six bulk-fill and six conventional dental resin composite materials were used in this study. The samples of each material (three sets of triplicates) were cured for 20 s with irradiance of 1200 mW/cm2 with a LED curing unit and immersed in a 75% ethanol solution at 37 °C. The eluates from each triplicate set were analyzed after 24 h, 7 days or 28 days using liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Detectable amounts of 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) were found in both Gradia materials and the amount observed across different time points was statistically different (p ˂ 0.05), with the amount in solution increasing for Gradia and decreasing for Gradia Direct flo. Bisphenol A diglycidildimethacrylate (BIS GMA) was found in Filtek and Tetric materials. Triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) was detected in all materials. On the other hand, there were no statistically significant differences in the amounts of TEGDMA detected across different time points in either of the tested materials. Monomers HEMA, TEGDMA, 4-dimethylaminobenzoic acid ethyl ester (DMA BEE) and BIS GMA in bulk-fill and conventional composites (high and low viscosity) can be eluted after polymerization. The good selection of composite material and proper handling, the following of the manufacturer's instructions for polymerization and the use of finishing and polishing procedures may reduce the elution of the unpolymerized monomers> responsible for the possible allergic and genotoxic potential of dental resin composites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eva Klarić
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Correspondence: (E.K.); (V.P.)
| | - Alena Knežević
- Division of Restorative Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Ivan Sabol
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vlatko Pandurić
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Correspondence: (E.K.); (V.P.)
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Dental Caries and Its Management. Int J Dent 2023; 2023:9365845. [PMID: 36636170 PMCID: PMC9831703 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9365845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives In recent years, the management of dental caries has evolved significantly. Caries prevention, early detection, and a diagnosis based on risk indicators and risk factor assessments are the most current practical approaches. Furthermore, as proposed in minimally invasive dentistry, the new management approaches preserve healthy tissue and maintain pulp vitality. This article overviews the latest minimally invasive dental caries management and treatment options. The information will assist the reader in the early detection, diagnosis, and treatment of dental caries. Materials and Methods The PubMed (MEDLINE) search engine was used to gather the most relevant information on dental caries. The search was restricted to five years (May 30, 2018-May 29, 2022), and only English-language studies were accessed. A Boolean search of the PubMed data set was implemented to combine a range of keywords. The following filters were applied: abstract, free full text, full text, clinical trial, randomised control trial, systematic review, meta-analysis, and review. More studies were also obtained by manual searches from Google Scholar and textbooks on dental caries. Results By using this process, 683 articles and studies were obtained. The most relevant published studies were chosen and used in the current review. The selected articles are included in the references list. However, the search extended to cover the last five years as our understanding and management of dental caries have changed significantly. Conclusions Early detection and diagnosis of caries based on risk indicators and risk factor assessments are effective. Furthermore, minimally invasive restorative techniques are beneficial in managing dental caries and preserving healthy tissue and should be used whenever possible. This new information, knowledge, and materials should encourage professionals to implement this method. Having a strategy and system based on patient-centred care is critical, and our dental responsibilities must prioritise patient-centred care.
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Abdelgawad L, Shalash IA, Zaazou M, El Rouby D, Safaan A. Efficacy of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Photobiomodulation on Pulp Capping of Dogs’ Teeth. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.9715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM: The present study assessed the effect of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and photobiomodulation (PBM) on pulp capping of exposed pulp of dogs’ teeth.
METHODS: Forty-eight teeth in three mongrel dogs were randomly divided into two major study groups; Group I where MTA was used as a pulp capping agent and Group II in which both MTA+PBM were used. The groups were equally subdivided according to the observation period following completion of pulp capping into Subgroup (A) 1 week, Subgroup (B) 2, and Subgroup (C) 16 weeks. The teeth were examined for histological inflammatory response as well as dentine bridge formation.
RESULTS: With regard to inflammatory response at 1 week significantly, less intense inflammation was observed in MTA+PBM (Group II) compared to the MTA (Group I) for the same time period with no significant difference for between Group I and Group II for other time intervals. As for dentin bridge formation, PBM+MTA groups showed statistically significant thicker dentine bridge formation at 16 weeks than MTA alone group for the same time period with no significant difference for between Group I and Group II for other time intervals.
CONCLUSIONS: Under the conditions of this study, PBM appeared to be a beneficial adjunct in dental pulp capping procedures in which MTA was the pulp capping material.
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De Angelis F, Sarteur N, Buonvivere M, Vadini M, Šteffl M, D'Arcangelo C. Meta-analytical analysis on components released from resin-based dental materials. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:6015-6041. [PMID: 35870020 PMCID: PMC9525379 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04625-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Resin-based materials are applied in every branch of dentistry. Due to their tendency to release substances in the oral environment, doubts have been raised about their actual safety. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the last decade literature regarding the concentrations of elutable substances released from dental resin-based materials in different type of solvents. MATERIALS AND METHODS All the literature published on dental journals between January 2010 and April 2022 was searched using international databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science). Due to strict inclusion criteria, only 23 papers out of 877 were considered eligible. The concentration of eluted substances related to surface and volume of the sample was analyzed, considering data at 24 h as a reference. The total cumulative release was examined as well. RESULTS The most eluted substances were HEMA, TEGDMA, and BPA, while the less eluted were Bis-GMA and UDMA. Organic solvents caused significantly higher release of substances than water-based ones. A statistically significant inverse correlation between the release of molecules and their molecular mass was observed. A statistically significant positive correlation between the amount of released molecule and the specimen surface area was detected, as well as a weak positive correlation between the release and the specimen volume. CONCLUSIONS Type of solvent, molecular mass of eluates, and specimen surface and volume affect substances release from materials. CLINICAL RELEVANCE It could be advisable to rely on materials based on monomers with a reduced elution tendency for clinical procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco De Angelis
- Unit of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Dentistry, "G. D'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Nela Sarteur
- Unit of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Dentistry, "G. D'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Matteo Buonvivere
- Unit of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Dentistry, "G. D'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Mirco Vadini
- Unit of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Dentistry, "G. D'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Michal Šteffl
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Camillo D'Arcangelo
- Unit of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Dentistry, "G. D'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
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Longevity of lithium disilicate indirect restorations in posterior teeth prepared by undergraduate students: A retrospective study up to 8.5 years. J Dent 2020; 105:103569. [PMID: 33385535 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyze retrospectively the clinical performance and survival of lithium disilicate inlays, partial crowns and crowns placed by undergraduate students. METHODS 250 lithium disilicate posterior restorations (IPS™Emax Press) were evaluated. Mean service time was 6.6 years (79 months) with a maximum observation time of 8.5 years (102 months). Clinical performance was assessed using FDI Criteria. Descriptive statistics were used to display the distribution of the criteria. Success and survival of the restorations were calculated with the Kaplan Meier method. A Cox regression analysis was performed to detect influencing parameters for the survival or the success of the restorations. RESULTS Survival and success rates of lithium disilicate indirect restorations were calculated at 6.6 years with 96.3 % and 93.8 %, respectively. After 8.5 years the survival rate was calculated with 94 % and the success rate with 83.8 %. 10 out of 250 restorations (4%) failed, while the main reasons for failure were fracture of material, debonding/loss of restoration, endodontic complications as well as recurrence of caries. A Cox regression analysis failed to show a correlation between restoration failure and the experience level of the students, an existing root canal treatment, type of tooth, bruxism or the use of rubber dam. CONCLUSIONS Lithium disilicate indirect posterior restorations demonstrate a high success and survival rate after a mean service of 6.6 years when placed by undergraduate students with different levels of experience. Co-factors influencing the survival or success rate of these restorations could not be identified. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Lithium disilicate restorations show a good clinical performance up to 8.5 years when prepared by undergraduate students.
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Perdigão J. Current perspectives on dental adhesion: (1) Dentin adhesion - not there yet. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2020; 56:190-207. [PMID: 34188727 PMCID: PMC8216299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The essential goal of any adhesive restoration is to achieve a tight and long-lasting adaptation of the restorative material to enamel and dentin. The key challenge for new dental adhesives is to be simultaneously effective on two dental substrates of conflicting nature. Some barriers must be overcome to accomplish this objective. While bonding to enamel by micromechanical interlocking of resin tags within the array of microporosities in acid-etched enamel can be reliably achieved and can effectively seal the restoration margins against leakage, bonding effectively and durably to organic and humid dentin is the most puzzling task in adhesive dentistry. Much of the research and development of dental adhesives has focused on making the clinical procedure more user-friendly by reducing the number of bottles and/or steps. Although clinicians certainly prefer less complicated and more versatile adhesive materials, there is a trade-off between simplification of dental adhesives and clinical outcomes. Likewise, new materials are launched with claims of being novel and having special properties without much supporting evidence. This review article discusses dental adhesion acknowledging pioneer work in the field, highlights the substrate as a major challenge to obtain durable adhesive restorations, as well as analyzes the three adhesion strategies and their shortcomings. It also reviews the potential of chemical/ionic dental adhesion, discusses the issue of extensively published laboratory research that does not translate to clinical relevance, and leaves a few thoughts in regard to recent research that may have implications for future adhesive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Perdigão
- Professor, University of Minnesota, Department of Restorative Sciences, 515 SE Delaware St, 8-450 Moos Tower, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Cândea Ciurea A, Şurlin P, Stratul ŞI, Soancă A, Roman A, Moldovan M, Tudoran B L, Pall E. Evaluation of the biocompatibility of resin composite-based dental materials with gingival mesenchymal stromal cells. Microsc Res Tech 2019; 82:1768-1778. [PMID: 31313433 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Resin composite-based dental materials can leach certain components into the oral environment, causing potentially harmful gingival biological effect. Gingival tissue is a rich source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that is easily accessible, and can be used as a complementary approach for the investigation of dental material biocompatibility. Using gingival MSCs (gMSCs), the present study aimed to investigate the cytotoxicity of two classes of restorative dental materials (ormocers and resin composites) used to restore class II cavities close to the gingival margin, in addition to analyzing the leached compounds from these resin composite-based materials. Functionality assays (Colony-forming unit, migratory potential, and proliferation assays) and a viability assay (MTT) were employed. Cells' aspect was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Leached monomers were also quantitated using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The cytotoxicity of the biomaterials was highlighted by impaired functionality and diminished viability of gMSCs. Despite being variants of the same commercial material, the two ormocers behaved differently one material having a more negative impact on cell functionality than the other. Cells appeared to attach well to all materials. Main monomer molecules were mostly released by the tested materials. For all samples, an increased elution of monomers was recorded in artificial saliva as compared with culture medium. One composite material has released nearly eight times more urethane dimetacrylate in artificial saliva than in culture medium. Significantly lower gMSC viability scores were recorded for all the investigated samples in comparison with the control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Cândea Ciurea
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Petra Şurlin
- Department of Periodontology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania
| | - Ştefan-Ioan Stratul
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Andrada Soancă
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandra Roman
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mărioara Moldovan
- Raluca Ripan Institute for Research in Chemistry, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lucian Tudoran B
- Electron Microscopy Integrated Laboratory (LIME), National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, INCDTIM, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Emoke Pall
- Department of Veterinary Reproduction, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Didilescu AC, Cristache CM, Andrei M, Voicu G, Perlea P. The effect of dental pulp-capping materials on hard-tissue barrier formation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Dent Assoc 2018; 149:903-917.e4. [PMID: 30098704 DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The authors of this systematic review aimed to compare the effects of pulp-capping materials on hard-tissue barrier formation using histologic assessments. TYPE OF STUDIES REVIEWED The authors included randomized controlled trials and controlled clinical trials in humans, with vital therapies performed on healthy permanent teeth undergoing experimental mechanical pulp exposures. They searched electronically in the PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Summon databases and carried out a manual search. Twenty-seven full-text articles were eligible for inclusion in the systematic review. After data extraction, the authors performed 2 sets of meta-analyses with odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) on 22 studies. Ten studies compared mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) with calcium hydroxide (CH), and 12 compared bonding agents with CH. The authors assessed bias by means of Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk, funnel plots, and Harbord test. RESULTS The use of MTA was associated with a higher rate of hard-tissue barrier formation than CH. The OR comparing the 2 groups was 2.45 (95% CI, 1.39 to 4.29; P = .002). Use of bonding agents was associated with a lower rate of hard-tissue barrier formation than CH. The OR comparing the 2 groups was 0.02 (95% CI, 0.01 to 0.05; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS AND PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS The results suggest that MTA and CH have positive effects on hard-tissue barrier formation. On the basis of the evidence, the authors conclude that MTA has better effects than CH regarding dental pulp protection in the capping of mechanical pulp exposures. Conversely, bonding agents are inferior to CH.
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Soancă A, Lupse M, Moldovan M, Pall E, Cenariu M, Roman A, Tudoran O, Surlin P, Șorițău O. Applications of inflammation-derived gingival stem cells for testing the biocompatibility of dental restorative biomaterials. Ann Anat 2018; 218:28-39. [PMID: 29604386 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2018.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Normal or inflamed gingival tissues are regarded as a source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) abundant and easily accessible through minimally invasive dental procedures. Due to the proximity of dental resin composites to gingival tissues and to the possible local cytotoxic effect of the eluted components, gingiva-derived MSCs could be used to investigate the biocompatibility of dental biomaterials. PURPOSE The present research aimed to isolate (MSCs) from inflamed and normal gingiva, to fully characterize them and to observe their behavior in relation with some commercial resin composite materials and one experimental material. MATERIAL AND METHODS Following their isolation, putative MSCs from both gingival sources were grown under the same culture conditions and characterized by immunophenotyping of cell surface antigens by flow-cytometry and transcription factors by immunocytochemical staining. Moreover, stemness gene expression was evaluated by RT-PCR analysis. Multipotent mesenchymal differentiation potential was investigated. Osteogenic and neurogenic differentiated cells were highlighted by immunocytochemical staining, chondrogenic cells by cytochemical staining, and adipocytes by cytochemical staining and spectrophotometry, respectively. Resin composite cytotoxicity was evaluated by cell membrane fluorescent labeling with PKH 26 and MTT assay. The results of PKH labeling were statistically analysed using two-way RM ANOVA with Bonferroni post-tests. For MTT assay, two-way RM ANOVA with Bonferroni post-tests and unpaired t test with Welch's correction were used. RESULTS A similar expression pattern of surface markers was observed. The cells were positive for CD105, CD73, CD90, CD49e, CD29, CD44 and CD166 and negative for CD45, CD34, CD14, CD79, HLA-DR and CD117 indicating a mesenchymal stem cell phenotype. The qRT-PCR analysis revealed a low gene expression for NOG, BMP4 and Oct3/4 and an increased expression for Nanog in both cells lines. Immunocytochemical analysis highlighted a more intense protein expression for Nanog, Oct3/4 and Sox-2 in MSCs derived from normal gingiva than from inflamed gingiva. Multipotent differentiation capacity of MSCs isolated from both sources was highlighted. The tested materials had no hazardous effect on MSCs as the two cell lines developed well onto resin composite substrates. Cell counting revealed some significant differences in the number of PKH-labeled MSCs at some experimental moments. Also, some differences in cell viability were recorded indicating better developmental conditions offered by some of the tested biomaterials. CONCLUSIONS The experimental resin composite behaved like the most biocompatible commercial material. Inflamed gingiva-derived MSCs retain their stem cell properties and could be used as a valuable cell line for testing dental biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Soancă
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 15 V. Babeş St., 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - M Lupse
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Iuliu Moldovan St., 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - M Moldovan
- Raluca Ripan Institute for Research in Chemistry, Babes-Bolyai University, 30 Fântânele St., 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - E Pall
- Department of Veterinary Reproduction, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Mănăştur St., 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - M Cenariu
- Department of Veterinary Reproduction, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Mănăştur St., 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - A Roman
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 15 V. Babeş St., 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - O Tudoran
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuţă Oncology Institute, 34-36 Republicii St., 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - P Surlin
- Department of Periodontology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Petru Rareş St., 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - O Șorițău
- Laboratory of Radiotherapy, Tumor and Radiobiology, Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuţă Oncology Institute, 34-36 Republicii St., 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Cvikl B, Hess SC, Miron RJ, Agis H, Bosshardt D, Attin T, Schmidlin PR, Lussi A. Response of human dental pulp cells to a silver-containing PLGA/TCP-nanofabric as a potential antibacterial regenerative pulp-capping material. BMC Oral Health 2017; 17:57. [PMID: 28241819 PMCID: PMC5327548 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-017-0348-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Damage or exposure of the dental pulp requires immediate therapeutic intervention. Methods This study assessed the biocompatibility of a silver-containing PLGA/TCP-nanofabric scaffold (PLGA/Ag-TCP) in two in vitro models, i.e. the material adapted on pre-cultured cells and cells directly cultured on the material, respectively. Collagen saffolds with and without hyaluronan acid (Coll-HA; Coll) using both cell culturing methods and cells growing on culture plates served as reference. Cell viability and proliferation were assessed after 24, 48, and 72 h based on formazan formation and BrdU incorporation. Scaffolds were harvested. Gene expression of interleukin(IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and alkaline phosphatase (AP) was assessed 24 h after stimulation. Results In both models formazan formation and BrdU incorporation was reduced by PLGA/Ag-TCP on dental pulp cells, while no significant reduction was found in cells with Coll and Coll-HA. Cells with PLGA/Ag-TCP for 72 h showed similar relative BrdU incorporation than cells stimulated with Coll and Coll-HA. A prominent increase in the pro-inflammatory genes IL-6 and TNF-α was observed when cells were cultured with PLGA/Ag-TCP compared to the other groups. This increase was parallel with a slight increase in AP expression. Overall, no differences between the two culture methods were observed. Conclusions PLGA/Ag-TCP decreased viability and proliferation rate of human dental pulp cells and increased the pro-inflammatory capacity and alkaline phosphatase expression. Whether these cellular responses observed in vitro translate into pulp regeneration in vivo will be assessed in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Cvikl
- Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Conservative Dentistry & Periodontology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Samuel C Hess
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Richard J Miron
- Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Periodontology, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA
| | - Hermann Agis
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Periodontology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dieter Bosshardt
- Robert K. Schenk Laboratory of Oral Histology, Department of Periodontology, Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Attin
- Clinic of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, Zurich, CH-8032, Switzerland
| | - Patrick R Schmidlin
- Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. .,Clinic of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, Zurich, CH-8032, Switzerland.
| | - Adrian Lussi
- Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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11
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Roman A, Páll E, Moldovan M, Rusu D, Şoriţău O, Feştilă D, Lupşe M. Cytotoxicity of Experimental Resin Composites on Mesenchymal Stem Cells Isolated from Two Oral Sources. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2016; 22:1018-1033. [PMID: 27608930 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927616011624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Resin composite materials that are used to restore tooth cervical lesions associated with gingival recessions can hamper healing after root coverage surgeries. This study evaluates the in vitro cytotoxic effect of five resin composites (two commercial and three experimental) on oral mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and the persistence of stemness properties in high passage MSCs. Sorption and solubility tests were made for all materials. MSCs were isolated from re-entry palatal and periodontal granulation tissues and were characterized and cultured on composite discs. Cytotoxicity of the materials was evaluated by the Alamar Blue viability test, by Paul Karl Horan (PKH) labeling, and by immunocytochemical staining for actin. Water and saliva sorption and solubility data revealed that two of the experimental materials behaved comparable with the marketed resin composites. The Alamar Blue viability test shows that both cell lines grew well on composite discs that seemed to induce no apparent toxic effects. No signs of disruption of cytoskeleton organization was seen. Experimental resin composites can be recommended for further investigation for obtaining approval for use. The standard minimal criteria were fulfilled for high passage MSCs. Palatal tissue regains its regenerative properties in terms of MSC presence in the re-entry area after 6 months of healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Roman
- 1Department of Periodontology,Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy,15 V. Babeş St.,400012 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Emöke Páll
- 2Department of Veterinary Reproduction, Obstetrics and Gynecology,University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine,3-5 Mănăştur St.,400372 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Mărioara Moldovan
- 3Raluca Ripan Institute for Research in Chemistry,Babes-Bolyai University,30 Fântânele St.,400294 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Darian Rusu
- 4Periodontology Department,Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy,Bv. Revolutiei nr.9,300014 Timisoara,Romania
| | - Olga Şoriţău
- 5Laboratory of Tumor Biology and Radiobiology,Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuţă Oncology Institute,34-36 Republicii,400015 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Dana Feştilă
- 6Department of Orthodontics,Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy,33 Motilor St.,400001 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Mihaela Lupşe
- 7Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine,Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy,23 Iuliu Moldovan St.,400349 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
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12
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Dentinogenic Specificity in the Preclinical Evaluation of Vital Pulp Treatment Strategies: A Critical Review. Dent J (Basel) 2015; 3:133-156. [PMID: 29567934 PMCID: PMC5851195 DOI: 10.3390/dj3040133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Reviews on the clinical performance of vital pulp treatment strategies and capping materials repeatedly showed an insufficient grade of evidence concerning their therapeutic validity. The biological mechanisms underlying the regenerative potential of pulp-dentin complex have attracted much attention during the last two decades, since new pulp treatment modalities have been designed and tested at the preclinical level. It has been recognized that evaluation should be based on the specific ability of therapeutic interventions to signal recruitment and differentiation of odontoblast-like cells forming a matrix in a predentin-like pattern, rather than uncontrolled hard tissue deposition in a scar-like form. The aim of the present article was to critically review data from histological experimental studies on pulp capping, published during the last 7 decades. A comprehensive literature search covering the period from 1949 to 2015 was done using the Medline/Pubmed database. Inclusion of a study was dependent on having sufficient data regarding the type of capping material used and the unit of observation (human permanent tooth in vivo or animal permanent dentition; primary teeth were excluded). The post-operatively deposited matrix was categorized into three types: unspecified, osteotypic, or dentin-like matrix. One hundred fifty-two studies were included in the final evaluation. Data from the present systematic review have shown that only 30.2% of the 152 experimental histological pulp capping studies described the heterogenic nature of the hard tissue bridge formation, including osteotypic and tubular mineralized tissue. Structural characteristics of the new matrix and the associated formative cells were not provided by the remaining 106 studies. Analysis showed that more careful preclinical evaluation with emphasis on the evidence regarding the dentinogenic specificity of pulp therapies is required. It seems that selection of appropriate vital pulp treatment strategies and pulp capping materials would be further facilitated in terms of their therapeutic validity if international consensus could be reached on a select number of mandatory criteria for tissue-specific dentinogenic events.
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Cankar K, Nemeth L, Bajd F, Vidmar J, Serša I. Discrimination between intact and decayed pulp regions in carious teeth by ADC mapping. Caries Res 2014; 48:467-74. [PMID: 24852609 DOI: 10.1159/000358068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate an advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping, in the functional assessment of carious teeth. 38 extracted human teeth with scores of 0, 3 and 6 according to International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) criteria were screened and subsequently analyzed by MRI at 2.35 T. Histology sectioning of teeth was used for the gold standard by analyzing two extreme cases (intact and severely decayed). ADC maps of the same teeth were calculated from corresponding diffusion-weighted images and used to obtain ADC distributions along dental pulp as functions of the relative pulp length measured from the occlusal pulp side. The measured distributions were analyzed for the best fit by a four-parameter three-segment linear regression model for ADC distribution along the pulp. MRI results were in good agreement with findings in histological sections of identical teeth. The best fit model parameters, relative decayed region depth, relative transition region width and ADC values of intact and decayed pulp tissue, showed statistically significant differences between the ADC values of intact and decayed pulp tissue (1.0 × 10(-9) m(2)/s vs. 0.74-0.89 × 10(-9) m(2)/s) and the relative decayed region depth progressing with ICDAS score (3 vs. 46% with ICDAS 3 vs. ICDAS 6). The results of this feasibility study confirmed relevance of ADC mapping for the discrimination and localization of intact and decayed regions in dental pulps of carious teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenija Cankar
- Institute of Physiology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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14
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Bianchi L, Ribeiro APD, Carrilho MRDO, Pashley DH, de Souza Costa CA, Hebling J. Cytotoxicity of adhesive systems of different hydrophilicities on cultured odontoblast-like cells. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2013; 101:1498-507. [PMID: 23744725 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.32971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Revised: 02/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the cytotoxicity of experimental adhesive systems (EASs) on odontoblast-like cells. Paper discs (n = 132) were impregnated with 10 µL of each EAS-R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 (in an ascending order of hydrophilicity), followed by photoactivation. R1 and R2 are nonsolvated hydrophobic blends, R3 represents a simplified etch-and-rinse adhesive system, and R4 and R5 represent simplified self-etch adhesive systems. Discs were immersed in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium for 24 h to obtain eluates applied on MDPC-23 cell cultures. No material was applied on discs used as control (R0). Cell viability [3-(4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay], total protein (TP) production, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, type of cell death, and degree of monomer conversion Fourier transform infrared (%DC-FTIR) were evaluated. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (α = 0.05). Considering R0 (control) as having 100% of cell viability, R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 reduced the metabolic activity of cells by 36.4, 3.1, 0.2, 21.5, and 65.7%, respectively, but only R1 and R5 differed from R0. Comparing with R0, lower TP production was observed for R1, R4, and R5, while ALP activity decreased for R1 and R5. Necrotic cell death was predominant for all EASs, but only R1, R4, and R5 differed from R0. Only R5 presented a different apoptotic cell death ratio from R0. R1 presented the lowest %DC (ca. 37%), whereas R4 and R5 presented the highest (ca. 56%). In conclusion, R2 and R3 were not toxic to the MDPC-23 cells, suggesting that the degree of hydrophilicity or %DC of the EASs alone were not responsible for their cytopathic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Bianchi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Araraquara School of Dentistry, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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15
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Krifka S, Spagnuolo G, Schmalz G, Schweikl H. A review of adaptive mechanisms in cell responses towards oxidative stress caused by dental resin monomers. Biomaterials 2013; 34:4555-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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16
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Simon S, Smith AJ, Lumley PJ, Cooper PR, Berdal A. The pulp healing process: from generation to regeneration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/etp.12019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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17
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Vidmar J, Cankar K, Nemeth L, Serša I. Assessment of the dentin-pulp complex response to caries by ADC mapping. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2012; 25:1056-1062. [PMID: 22246979 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.2770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2011] [Revised: 11/22/2011] [Accepted: 11/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The prognostic potential of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping was studied as complemented by high-resolution 3D T(1)-weighted MRI in the assessment of dentin-pulp complex response to caries. Twenty-six extracted human teeth, with or without caries lesions of different grades in accord with the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS), were analyzed by high-resolution MRI at 2.35 T. A signal rise in demineralized hard dental tissues in high-resolution T(1)-weighted MR images enabled assessment of the demineralization depth over the whole range of ICDAS scores. ADC maps of the teeth were calculated from corresponding diffusion-weighted images of four different b values: 0, 132, 317, 635 s/mm(2). These maps enabled reliable differentiation between intact (ADC > 1.0·10(-9) m(2)/s) and affected (ADC < 1.0·10(-9) m(2)/s) regions of dental pulp. Linear regression analyses of demineralization depth in relation to ICDAS score and then also to average ADC of dental pulp showed that a demineralization depth increase of one millimeter corresponds to an ICDAS score increase of 1.2 and an average ADC decrease of 0.07·10(-9) m(2)/s. Results of the study indicate that the average ADC value of dental pulp could be used as a potential marker to assess tissue response to caries comparable to that of ICDAS scoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jernej Vidmar
- Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
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18
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Cavalcanti BN, Rode SDM, França CM, Marques MM. Pulp capping materials exert an effect on the secretion of IL-1β and IL-8 by migrating human neutrophils. Braz Oral Res 2011; 25:13-8. [PMID: 21359446 DOI: 10.1590/s1806-83242011000100003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2010] [Accepted: 10/21/2010] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulp repair is a complex process whose mechanisms are not yet fully understood. The first immune cells to reach the damaged pulp are neutrophils that play an important role in releasing cytokines and in phagocytosis. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of different pulp-capping materials on the secretion of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) by migrating human neutrophils. Neutrophils were obtained from the blood of three healthy donors. The experimental groups were calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)(2)], an adhesive system (Single Bond), and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Untreated cells were used as control. Transwell chambers were used in performing the assays to mimic an in vivo situation of neutrophil chemotaxis. The pulp-capping materials were placed in the lower chamber and the human neutrophils, in the upper chamber. The cells were counted and the culture medium was assayed using ELISA kits for detecting and quantifying IL-1β and IL8. The data were compared by ANOVA followed by Tukey's test (p < 0.05). The secretion of IL-8 was significantly higher in all groups in comparison to the control group (p < 0.05). The adhesive system group showed higher IL-8 than the MTA group (p < 0.05). The secretion of IL-1β was significantly greater only in the MTA group (p < 0.001). It was concluded that only MTA is able to improve the secretion of IL-1β, and all materials tested increased IL-8 secretion. These results combined with all the other biological advantages of MTA indicate that it could be considered the material of choice for dental pulp capping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Neves Cavalcanti
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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19
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Howard C, Murray PE, Namerow KN. Dental Pulp Stem Cell Migration. J Endod 2010; 36:1963-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2010.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2010] [Revised: 08/24/2010] [Accepted: 08/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Pulp response to resin-modified glass ionomer and calcium hydroxide cements in deep cavities: A quantitative systematic review. Dent Mater 2010; 26:761-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2010.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2009] [Revised: 12/01/2009] [Accepted: 03/16/2010] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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21
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Lutfi AN, Kannan TP, Fazliah MN, Jamaruddin MA, Saidi J. Proliferative activity of cells from remaining dental pulp in response to treatment with dental materials. Aust Dent J 2010; 55:79-85. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2009.01185.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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22
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Perdigão J. Dentin bonding—Variables related to the clinical situation and the substrate treatment. Dent Mater 2010; 26:e24-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2009.11.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2009] [Accepted: 11/19/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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23
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Hilton TJ. Keys to clinical success with pulp capping: a review of the literature. Oper Dent 2009; 34:615-25. [PMID: 19830978 DOI: 10.2341/09-132-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Hilton
- Oregon Health & Science University, School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Portland, OR, USA.
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24
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Vavpotic M, Turk T, Martincic DS, Balazic J. Characteristics of the number of odontoblasts in human dental pulp post-mortem. Forensic Sci Int 2009; 193:122-6. [PMID: 19892501 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2008] [Revised: 09/15/2009] [Accepted: 09/30/2009] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Estimation of the time since death is important in forensic medicine, and so far not much is known in employing dental pulp for such purposes. The tooth organ is the hardest organ in the human body, with a loose connective tissue of dental pulp situated within a rigid encasement of mineralized surrounding tissues. Human material was obtained from 31 corpses of people who died in car and train accidents and had healthy oral statuses. Samples were divided into two groups at different environmental temperatures. During the autopsy, the jaws were resected to keep teeth in situ, and every day one tooth was extracted. After decalcification, serial thin sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin were cut. Odontoblasts in the dental pulp were counted and data analysed. Statistical analysis showed that the number of odontoblasts drops during the time after death, and no odontoblasts remain in the pulp after 5 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Vavpotic
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Korytkova 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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25
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Elgalaid TO, Creanor SL, Creanor S, Hall AF. The repeatability of human dentine permeability measurement in vitro. J Dent 2007; 36:42-8. [PMID: 18069113 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2007.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2007] [Revised: 09/26/2007] [Accepted: 10/09/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the repeatability of apparatus designed to assess dentine permeability at two different pressures. METHOD Forty-five human coronal tooth portions were prepared and permeability was measured at two separate time points, 5h apart, at 14 cm H2O pressure and then at 100 cm H2O pressure. Repeatability was determined using the limits of agreement (LOA) method. RESULTS The results showed equal mean permeability of 0.6 microl at both time 1 and time 2 at 14 cm H2O pressure, and 2.7 and 2.5 microl at time 1 and time 2, respectively, at 100 cm H2O pressure. At 14 cm H2O pressure, the LOA were (-0.4, 0.4)microl and at 100 cm H2O pressure the LOA were (-0.2, 0.6)microl. CONCLUSION Although repeatability measurement at 14 cm H2O pressure appeared to be acceptable, the higher permeability values at 100 cm H2O pressure may make the latter the pressure of choice despite the small bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taher O Elgalaid
- Glasgow Dental Hospital and School, 378 Sauchiehall Street, Glasgow G2 3JZ, UK.
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26
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27
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Elgalaid TO, Creanor SL, Creanor S, Hall AF. The permeability of natural dentine caries before and after restoration: An in vitro study. J Dent 2007; 35:656-63. [PMID: 17604897 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2007.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2007] [Revised: 05/02/2007] [Accepted: 05/03/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objectives of this experiment were to determine in vitro the permeability of teeth exhibiting a range of natural dentine caries and the effects of caries excavation and subsequent restoration on the dentine permeability of extracted teeth. METHODS Forty-five human permanent molars with obvious occlusal caries were selected and coronal dentine permeability was measured before (baseline) and after caries excavation, as well as after acid etching the prepared cavity and finally, after restoration. RESULTS The small permeability values for all teeth made statistical testing between the different stages of specimen preparation both meaningless and inappropriate. An alternative means of examining the data was to calculate the percentage of teeth which had exhibited permeability values greater than zero at each of the four specimen preparation stages. The percentage of teeth with permeability greater than zero remained unchanged before and after cavity preparation (23%). Removal of the smear layer, however, increased substantially the percentage of teeth demonstrating permeability greater than zero, to 72%. None of the restored teeth demonstrated measurable permeability. CONCLUSION The teeth chosen exhibited a range of dentine caries and, surprisingly, demonstrated either low or no measurable permeability. This experiment highlighted the need for more investigation into the quality of carious-affected dentine and the properties of the smear layer produced from such dentine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taher O Elgalaid
- Glasgow Dental Hospital and School, 378 Sauchiehall Street, Glasgow G2 3JZ, Scotland, UK.
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28
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Al-Hiyasat AS, Barrieshi-Nusair KM, Al-Omari MA. The radiographic outcomes of direct pulp-capping procedures performed by dental students: a retrospective study. J Am Dent Assoc 2007; 137:1699-705. [PMID: 17138715 DOI: 10.14219/jada.archive.2006.0116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The decision between pulp capping and root canal therapy after pulp exposure is a clinical issue. The aim of the authors' study was to evaluate the outcome of direct pulp-capping procedures performed by dental students. METHODS The authors followed the treatment outcomes of 193 patients with 204 pulp exposures with direct pulp capping. They determined the outcome of pulp capping radiographically using periapical radiographs taken at least three years after pulp exposure. The outcome was considered as successful if the tooth was present and not associated with periapical radiolucency or root canal treatment; otherwise, the outcome was considered as being a failure. RESULTS Overall, the success rate of pulp capping was 59.3 percent. The success was associated more with mechanical exposure than with carious exposure (92.2 versus 33.3 percent) (P < .001), more with permanent restoration than with temporary restoration (80.8 versus 47.3 percent) (P < .001) and more with class I occlusal restoration (83.8 percent) than with proximal multiple surface restorations (Class II, 56.1 percent; Class III, 58.8 percent; mesial-occlusal-distal, 28.6 percent) (P = .009). Patients' age, sex, and tooth location and position had no significant effect on the outcome (P > .05). CONCLUSION The success rate of direct pulp capping was 92.2 percent with mechanical exposure and 33.3 percent with carious exposure. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Direct pulp capping is recommended after mechanical exposure with immediate placement of permanent restoration, while root canal therapy would be the choice of treatment if the exposure was due to caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad S Al-Hiyasat
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
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29
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Duque C, Hebling J, Smith AJ, Giro EMA, Oliveira MF, de Souza Costa CA. Reactionary dentinogenesis after applying restorative materials and bioactive dentin matrix molecules as liners in deep cavities prepared in nonhuman primate teeth. J Oral Rehabil 2007; 33:452-61. [PMID: 16671993 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2005.01585.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the response of the pulp-dentin complex following application of resin-modified glass-ionomer cement, calcium hydroxide hard-setting cement and EDTA-soluble preparation of dentine matrix proteins (ESDP) in deep cavities prepared in non-human primate teeth. METHODS Eighteen deep Class V buccal cavities were prepared in premolars of four capuccin monkeys. In Groups 1 and 2, the cavity floor was lined with ESDP or a resin-modified glass-ionomer cement (Vitrebond - 3M ESPE), respectively. In Group 3 (control), the cavity was lined with a hard setting calcium hydroxide cement (Dycal - Dentsply). The cavities were subsequently filled with amalgam. After 6 months, the animals were sacrificed and the teeth were prepared for microscopic assessment. Six-micron thick serial sections were stained with H/E, Masson's trichrome and Brown & Brenn techniques. RESULTS No inflammatory pulpal response was observed for all experimental and control Groups. However, the amount of reactionary dentin deposition differed between groups in the rank order ESDP (Group 1) > calcium hydroxide (Group 3) > resin-modified glass-ionomer (Group 2). These differences were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS All materials were biocompatible when applied in deep cavities. ESDP stimulated higher deposition of reactionary dentin matrix than Vitrebond and Dycal.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Duque
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, University of Sao Paulo State, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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30
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Oliveira EF, Carminatti G, Fontanella V, Maltz M. The monitoring of deep caries lesions after incomplete dentine caries removal: results after 14–18 months. Clin Oral Investig 2006; 10:134-9. [PMID: 16550396 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-006-0033-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2004] [Accepted: 12/29/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This paper aims to assess radiographic changes after incomplete carious dentine removal and tooth sealing. Thirty-two teeth with deep caries lesions were studied. The treatment consisted of incomplete excavation, application of a Ca(OH)2 layer, sealing temporarily for a 6- to 7-month period and then restoration. Standardised bitewing radiographs were taken immediately after the temporary sealing and at 6- to 7- and 14- to 18-month intervals. The digitised images were analysed blind by image subtraction. The quantitative analyses subtractions were performed in the radiolucent zone (RZ) beneath the restoration and in two adjacent control areas (CA). Two cases were lost during the 6- to 7-month period (one pulp necrosis and one pulp exposure during removal of the provisional sealing). No difference (p > 0.05) was observed in the radiographic density of the CA and the RZ in the two experimental periods. The mean and standard deviation (grey tonalities scale) were 129.42+/-5.83 and 127.65+/-4.67 (control areas) and 132.96+/-7.41 and 132.90+/-5.99 (RZ) for the first and second experimental periods, respectively. The radiographic density of the CA differed from the RZ (Tukey test, p < 0.001). Interference in environmental conditions by partial dentine caries removal and tooth sealing arrests lesion progression, suggesting that complete dentine caries removal is not essential to control caries progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- E F Oliveira
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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31
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Sabir A, Tabbu CR, Agustiono P, Sosroseno W. Histological analysis of rat dental pulp tissue capped with propolis. J Oral Sci 2005; 47:135-8. [PMID: 16313091 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.47.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to assess the response of rat dental pulp to direct pulp capping with propolis. Flavonoid and non-flavonoid materials were purified from an ethanol extract of propolis obtained from South Sulawesi, Indonesia. A Class I cavity was prepared on the occlusal surface of the right maxillary first molar in Sprague Dawley rats. The dental pulp was exposed and then capped with a zinc oxide-based filler as a control (group I), or with propolis flavonoids (group II) or non-flavonoids (group III). The animals were sacrificed at week 1, 2 or 4, biopsy samples were obtained, and these were stained and viewed by light microscopy. The results showed that pulp inflammation occurred in groups I and III as early as week 1. No dentin bridge formation was seen in these groups. In contrast, there was no evident inflammatory response in group II at week 1. Mild and moderate pulp inflammation in this group occurred at 2 and 4 weeks after treatment, respectively. Partial dentinal bridge formation was seen in group II at week 4. Therefore, the present results suggest that direct pulp capping with propolis flavonoids in rats may delay dental pulp inflammation and stimulate reparative dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardo Sabir
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
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