1
|
Lyu L, Fang K, Jin H, Yang GP, Liang H, Ding H. Distribution characteristics of low molecular weight organic acids in seawater of the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent East China Sea: Implications for regional environmental conditions. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 161:111741. [PMID: 33217637 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, components, concentrations, distribution characteristics and sources of low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs) in seawater of the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent East China Sea were investigated in March 2015. Lactic, acetic and formic acids were identified with their concentration range of 0-16.7, 0-42.7 and 0-6.7 μmol·L-1, respectively. In the surface seawater, high concentrations of LMWOAs appeared in the sea area close to the estuary and along the coast. LMWOAs were important fractions of dissolved organic carbon and acetic acid was dominant component of LMWOAs. Riverine, terrestrial input, phytoplankton and sediment release were important sources for the LMWOAs, and human activities were considered as dominant sources for them in sampling period. The consistency of regions with high concentrations of LMWOAs, eutrophication, seasonal hypoxia and frequent red tide occurrence suggested LMWOAs as potential indicators for evaluating pollution status in coastal areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, PR China; Qingdao National Laboratory of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266100, PR China
| | - Kejing Fang
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Hong Jin
- Shandong Qingdao Eco-Environmental Monitoring Center, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Gui-Peng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266100, PR China; Qingdao National Laboratory of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266100, PR China
| | - Haorui Liang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266100, PR China
| | - Haibing Ding
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266100, PR China; Qingdao National Laboratory of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266100, PR China; Qingdao Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Duflos M, Goutx M, Van Wambeke F. Determination of Lipid Degradation by Marine Lipase-Producing Bacteria: Critical Evaluation of Lipase Activity Assays. Lipids 2009; 44:1113-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s11745-009-3358-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2009] [Accepted: 09/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
3
|
Abstract
Models of the microbial food web have their origin in the debate over the importance of bacteria as an energetic subsidy for higher trophic levels leading to harvestable fisheries. Conceptualization of the microbial food web preceded numerical models by 10-15 years. Pomeroy's work was central to both efforts. Elements necessary for informative and comprehensive models of microbial loops in plankton communities include coupled carbon and nitrogen flows utilizing a size-based approach to structuring and parameterizing the food web. Realistic formulation of nitrogen flows requires recognition that both nitrogenous and nonnitrogenous organic matter are important substrates for bacteria. Nitrogen regeneration driven by simple mass-specific excretion constants seems to overestimate the role of bacteria in the regeneration process. Quantitative assessment of the link-sink question, in which the original loop models are grounded, requires sophisticated analysis of size-based trophic structures. The effects of recycling complicate calculation of the link between bacteria or dissolved organic matter and mesozooplankton, and indirect effects show that the link might be much stronger than simple analyses have suggested. Examples drawn from a series of oceanic mixed layer plankton models are used to illustrate some of these points. Single-size class models related to traditional P-Z-N approaches are incapable of simulating bacterial biomass cycles in some locations (e.g., Bermuda) but appear to be adequate for more strongly seasonal regimes at higher latitudes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H W Ducklow
- Department of Chemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 02543, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA,
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Microbial Enzymatic Degradation and Utilization of Organic Matter. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4612-2606-2_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
|
5
|
|
6
|
Abstract
The adaptations of phytoplankton to life in suspension in water are considered with particular reference to hydromechanical factors ranging from molecular motion to ocean currents. The smallest phytoplankton, the picoplankton (0.2-2.0 μm), are the best adapted to the physico-chemical environment of the open waters of seas and lakes and, other things being equal, can out-compete the larger forms. The picophytoplankton are an autotrophic component in a microbial community, the ultraplankton, which also includes bacteria and flagellates up to about 20 μm in linear dimensions. This community is a highly dynamic and self-contained equilibrium system operating within a domain dominated by molecular diffusion. Within the photic zone it is limited, not by nutrient supply, but by its internal predator-prey relationships. It appears to be cosmopolitan, both in the sea and in freshwaters, to vary little either in time or space in species composition or in biomass concentration, and to contribute a minimum of organic carbon to higher trophic levels. There appears to be a fundamental divide in form and function between this and the microplankton, composed of organisms larger than about 20 μm. This community can only develop when nutrient levels are in excess of the concentrations required by the picoplankton. It is opportunistic, non-equilibrium in its dynamics, and highly variable in floristic composition and biomass concentration. Its life processes are dominated by turbulence. Nutrient supply is largely determined by turbulent eddy diffusion and movement of the organisms relative to the water mass. The microphytoplankton falls broadly into two types, one of which, exemplified by the diatoms, depends on turbulence to maintain it in the photic zone and the other, exemplified by the dinoflagellates and colony-forming cyanobacteria, relies on motility or buoyancy control to position it in a relatively stable water column so as to have best access to light and nutrients. The waxing and waning of microplankton populations is largely determined by hydrography and their floristic compositions by the interactions of the daily and seasonal rhythms of the organisms with the periodicities in the environment. In contrast to the ultraplankton microplankton species show distinct differences in biogeographical distribution. Throughout the discussion attention is drawn to the intimate relationships between the activities of phytoplankton and those of viruses, bacteria and zooplankton and the impossibility of getting a proper understanding of the physiology of the phytoplankton if they are considered in isolation. CONTENTS Summary 191 I. Introduction 192 II. Some reminders about the aqueous medium 193 III. The ideal phytoplankton organism 194 IV. Some aspects of the physiological ecology of the picoplankton 195 V. The ultraplanktonic community 197 VI. A divide in the phytoplankton 201 VII. Some aspects of the physiological ecology of the microphytoplankton 203 VIII. Small scale turbulence in the environment of phytoplankton 205 IX. Intermediate scale turbulence in the environment of phytoplankton 207 X. The effects of large scale rotational stirring 220 XI. Phytoplankton as part of a community 221 XII. Conclusions 222 References 223.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G E Fogg
- School of Ocean Sciences (University College of North Wales), Marine Science Laboratories, Menai Bridge, Anglesey, Gwynedd LL59 5EY, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Servais P, Billen G, Ventresque C, Bablon GP. Microbial Activity in GAC Filters at the Choisy-le-Roi Treatment Plant. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1002/j.1551-8833.1991.tb07102.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
8
|
Distribution and biological turnover of dissolved organic compounds in the water column of the Black Sea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0198-0149(10)80022-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
9
|
|
10
|
Billen G, Joiris C, Meyer-Reil L, Linderboom H. Role of bacteria in the North Sea ecosystem. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0077-7579(90)90093-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
11
|
Role of environmental variables, specifically organic compounds and micronutrients, in the growth of the chrysophyte Aureococcus anophagefferens. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1029/ce035p0229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
|
12
|
Jones JG, Simon BM. Nutritional strategy of a benthic filamentous bacterium. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 1986; 12:323-330. [PMID: 24212923 DOI: 10.1007/bf02098573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Filibacter limicola is a filamentous gliding bacterium isolated from the profundal sediment of a eutrophic lake. It is an obligate amino acid utilizer. The kinetic parameters for the metabolism of four amino acids byF. limicola, Vitreoscilla spp. and the bacterial populations of water and sediment samples were compared.F. limicola exhibited low half-saturation constants (K) which were of the same order as those obtained with water samples. The K values for theVitreoscilla spp. and the sediment were an order of magnitude higher. It would appear that the bacterium is a specialist, inhabiting a niche which is sufficiently nutrient rich to support an organism with a limited substrate range. It also possesses a high affinity uptake system for some amino acids which may permit it to compete effectively during periods of nutrient depletion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J G Jones
- Freshwater Biological Association, The Ferry House, LA22 0LP, Ambleside, Cumbria, England
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mobilization of Major and Trace Elements at the Water-Sediment Interface in the Belgian Coastal Area and the Scheldt Estuary. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/s0422-9894(08)71059-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
|
14
|
Somville M. Measurement and Study of Substrate Specificity of Exoglucosidase Activity in Eutrophic Water. Appl Environ Microbiol 1984; 48:1181-5. [PMID: 16346679 PMCID: PMC241706 DOI: 10.1128/aem.48.6.1181-1185.1984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The α- and β-glucosidase activity in natural samples can be readily measured during short incubation times (20 min) by using the artificial substrates 4-methylumbelliferyl-α-
d
-glucoside and 4-methylumbelliferyl-β-
d
-glucoside. The apparent
K
m
of both α- and β-glucosidase for these respective substrates is 0.01 μM. The homologous disaccharides maltose and cellobiose competitively inhibit α- and β-glucosidase, respectively. Absolute substrate specificity of the α- and β-glucosidase is observed with respect to the configuration of carbon atoms 1 and 4. Enrichment cultures on either α- and β-glucoside result in increasing activity of the corresponding glucosidase, both in absolute terms and with respect to the other glucosidase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Somville
- Laboratoire d'Océanographie, University of Brussels, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Goossens H, Minnaar R, Verplanke H. Carbon mineralization in the water of lake grevelingen (The Netherlands), as measured with the oxygen consumption method. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/0077-7579(84)90016-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
16
|
|
17
|
Joiris C, Billen G, Lancelot C, Daro M, Mommaerts J, Bertels A, Bossicart M, Nijs J, Hecq J. A budget of carbon cycling in the Belgian coastal zone: relative roles of zooplankton, bacterioplankton and benthos in the utilization of primary production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/0077-7579(82)90035-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|