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Marin JJG, Cives-Losada C, Macias RIR, Romero MR, Marijuan RP, Hortelano-Hernandez N, Delgado-Calvo K, Villar C, Gonzalez-Santiago JM, Monte MJ, Asensio M. Impact of liver diseases and pharmacological interactions on the transportome involved in hepatic drug disposition. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 228:116166. [PMID: 38527556 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The liver plays a pivotal role in drug disposition owing to the expression of transporters accounting for the uptake at the sinusoidal membrane and the efflux across the basolateral and canalicular membranes of hepatocytes of many different compounds. Moreover, intracellular mechanisms of phases I and II biotransformation generate, in general, inactive compounds that are more polar and easier to eliminate into bile or refluxed back toward the blood for their elimination by the kidneys, which becomes crucial when the biliary route is hampered. The set of transporters expressed at a given time, i.e., the so-called transportome, is encoded by genes belonging to two gene superfamilies named Solute Carriers (SLC) and ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC), which account mainly, but not exclusively, for the uptake and efflux of endogenous substances and xenobiotics, which include many different drugs. Besides the existence of genetic variants, which determines a marked interindividual heterogeneity regarding liver drug disposition among patients, prevalent diseases, such as cirrhosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, primary biliary cirrhosis, viral hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, and several cholestatic liver diseases, can alter the transportome and hence affect the pharmacokinetics of drugs used to treat these patients. Moreover, hepatic drug transporters are involved in many drug-drug interactions (DDI) that challenge the safety of using a combination of agents handled by these proteins. Updated information on these questions has been organized in this article by superfamilies and families of members of the transportome involved in hepatic drug disposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose J G Marin
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Candela Cives-Losada
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocio I R Macias
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta R Romero
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca P Marijuan
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Kevin Delgado-Calvo
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Carmen Villar
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Jesus M Gonzalez-Santiago
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Maria J Monte
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maitane Asensio
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
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2
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Chothe PP, Argikar UA, Mitra P, Nakakariya M, Ramsden D, Rotter CJ, Sandoval P, Tohyama K. Drug transporters in drug disposition - highlights from the year 2023. Drug Metab Rev 2024:1-31. [PMID: 39221672 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2024.2399523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Drug transporter field is rapidly evolving with significant progress in in vitro and in vivo tools and, computational models to assess transporter-mediated drug disposition and drug-drug interactions (DDIs) in humans. On behalf of all coauthors, I am pleased to share the fourth annual review highlighting articles published and deemed influential in the field of drug transporters in the year 2023. Each coauthor independently selected peer-reviewed articles published or available online in the year 2023 and summarized them as shown previously (Chothe et al. 2021; Chothe et al. 2022, 2023) with unbiased perspectives. Based on selected articles, this review was categorized into four sections: (1) transporter structure and in vitro evaluation, (2) novel in vitro/ex vivo models, (3) endogenous biomarkers, and (4) PBPK modeling for evaluating transporter DDIs (Table 1). As the scope of this review is not to comprehensively review each article, readers are encouraged to consult original paper for specific details. Finally, I appreciate all the authors for their time and continued support in writing this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paresh P Chothe
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Oncology Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Upendra A Argikar
- Non-clinical Development, Bill and Melinda Gates Medical Research Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Pallabi Mitra
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc, Ridgefield, CT, USA
| | - Masanori Nakakariya
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Takeda irinote Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Diane Ramsden
- Preclinical Development, Korro Bio, Inc. One Kendall Square, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Charles J Rotter
- Global Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc. (TDCA), San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Philip Sandoval
- Global Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc. (TDCA), Lexington, MA, USA
| | - Kimio Tohyama
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Takeda irinote Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
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3
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Chae YJ, Chang JE, Lee MK, Lim J, Shin KH, Lee KR. Regulation of drug transporters by microRNA and implications in disease treatment. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-021-00538-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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4
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Wu TC, Shen YC, Cheng AL. Evolution of systemic treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2021; 37:643-653. [PMID: 34213069 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was considered an inherently refractory tumor in the chemotherapy era (1950-2000). However, systemic therapy has evolved to molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy, and nine treatment regimens have been approved worldwide during the past 20 years. The approved regimens target tumor angiogenesis or tumor immunity, the two cancer hallmarks. Recently, the combination of atezolizumab (antiprogrammed cell death ligand 1) and bevacizumab (anti-vascular endothelial growth factor) has improved the efficacy of systemic therapy in treating advanced HCC without excessive toxicities or deterioration of quality of life. This review summarizes the major advances in systemic therapy and provides future perspectives on the next-generation systemic therapy for advanced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Che Wu
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chun Shen
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Oncology, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Oncology, School of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ann-Lii Cheng
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Oncology, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Oncology, School of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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5
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Muhamad P, Panrit L, Chaijaroenkul W, Na-Bangchang K. Cytotoxicity, Cell Cycle Arrest, and Apoptosis Induction Activity of Ethyl-p-methoxycinnamate in Cholangiocarcinoma Cell. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:927-934. [PMID: 32334452 PMCID: PMC7445962 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.4.927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate cytotoxic activity of ethyl-p-methoxycinnamate (EPMC) including its effect on p-glycoprotein (multidrug resistance-1: mdr-1 gene) in human cholangiocarcinoma cell. Methods: Cytotoxic activity of EPMC against human cholangiocarcinoma (CL-6), fibroblast (OUMS-36T-1F), and colon cancer (Caco-2) cell lines were assessed using MTT assay. Selectivity index (SI) was determined as the ratio of IC50 (concentration that inhibits cell growth by 50%) of EPMC in OUMS-36T-1F and that in CL-6 cell. Cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in CL-6 cells were investigated by flow cytometry and fluorescent microscopy. Effect of EPMC on mdr-1 gene expression in CL-6 and Caco-2 was determined by real-time PCR. Results: The median (95% CI) IC50 values of EPMC in CL-6, OUMS-36T-1F, and Caco-2 were 245.5 (243.1-266.7), 899.60 (855.8-966.3) and 347.0 (340.3-356.9) µg/ml, respectively. The SI value of the compound for the CL-6 cell was 3.70. EPMC at IC50 inhibited CL-6 cell division and induced apoptosis compared to untreated control. EPMC exposure did not induce mdr-1 gene expression in both CL-6 and Caco-2 cells. Conclusion: The results suggest the potential role of EPMC in cholangiocarcinoma with a low possibility of drug resistance induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phunuch Muhamad
- Drug Discovery and Development Center, Office of Advanced Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Luxsana Panrit
- Drug Discovery and Development Center, Office of Advanced Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Wanna Chaijaroenkul
- Center of Excellence in Pharmacology of Malaria and Cholangiocarcinoma, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani,Thailand.,Graduate Program in Bioclinical Sciences, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Kesara Na-Bangchang
- Drug Discovery and Development Center, Office of Advanced Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Pharmacology of Malaria and Cholangiocarcinoma, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani,Thailand.,Graduate Program in Bioclinical Sciences, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
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6
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Zhao Y, Qi X, Chen J, Wei W, Yu C, Yan H, Pu M, Li Y, Miao L, Li C, Ren J. The miR-491-3p/Sp3/ABCB1 axis attenuates multidrug resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2017; 408:102-111. [PMID: 28844709 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
As one of main obstacles in the treatment and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), multidrug resistance (MDR) is usually associated with the overexpression of the drug efflux pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp/ABCB1) which is responsible for reducing the intracellular concentration of chemotherapeutic agents. In current work, we discovered the novel role of miR-491-3p in ABCB1-mediated multidrug resistance in HCC and revealed the underlying mechanism in which miR-491-3p downregulated the expression of ABCB1 and its transcription factor Sp3 by directly targeting their 3'-UTR. Moreover, overexpressing ABCB1 or Sp3 reversed the sensitivity to chemotherapeutics in Hep3B cells induced by miR-491-3p, confirming miR-491-3p/Sp3/ABCB1 regulatory loop plays an important role in enhancing the drugs sensitivity of HCC. Meanwhile, the discovery of that the expression level of miR-491-3p was inversely correlated with that of ABCB1 and Sp3 in HCC cell lines and clinical samples pointed out the possibility of miR-491-3p in clinical use. In summary, our results reveal a pivotal role of miR-491-3p in the regulation of MDR in HCC, and suggest the potential application of miR-491-3p as a therapeutic strategy for modulating MDR in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinming Qi
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenxin Wei
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Cunzhi Yu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong Yan
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mengfan Pu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu Li
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lingling Miao
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chunzhu Li
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Jin Ren
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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7
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Tashbaeva RE, Hwang DN, Song GS, Choi NH, Lee JH, Lyoo YS, Lee SJ, Jung DI, Kim HY, Sur JH. Cellular Characterization of Multidrug Resistance P-glycoprotein, Alpha Fetoprotein, and Neovascular Endothelium-Associated Antigens in Canine Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Cirrhotic Liver. Vet Pathol 2016; 44:600-6. [PMID: 17846232 DOI: 10.1354/vp.44-5-600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
P-glycoprotein (P-gp), which is encoded by the multidrug resistance gene (MDR-1); alpha fetoprotein (AFP); and vascular endothelium-associated antigens are well-known markers for human and canine hepatic diseases. We obtained liver tissues from 5 dogs with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and 12 dogs with cirrhosis, and we performed histopathologic and immunohistochemical evaluations using anti-P-gp, anti-AFP, anti-CD31, and anti-CD34 antibodies. P-gp was expressed at higher levels in HCC than in cirrhotic livers ( P < .01), and was most commonly localized in biliary canaliculi and small ductuli. AFP was localized mainly in the cytoplasm in HCC ( P < .01) and in a few cases of cirrhosis. In both HCC and cirrhosis, the AFP-positive cells were morphologically similar to normal hepatocytes and showed an even cytoplasmic distribution of AFP. The endothelial markers CD31 and CD34 were used to investigate vascular distribution. CD31 was expressed strongly in the portal area and parenchyma in HCC, but it was rarely observed in the parenchyma in cirrhosis. CD34 expression could not be detected in both HCC and cirrhosis. This study constitutes the first comprehensive study of P-gp, AFP, and endothelial markers in canine HCC and cirrhosis. The importance of these markers in HCC and cirrhosis in dogs was demonstrated and provides a more accurate basis for a definitive diagnosis of HCC and cirrhosis in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Tashbaeva
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong 1, KwangJin-Ku, Seoul 143-701, Korea
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8
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Fan LX, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Wang ZD, Zhang YM, Chen HL. Clinical Significance of ABC Transporter Expression in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J HARD TISSUE BIOL 2016. [DOI: 10.2485/jhtb.25.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-xin Fan
- Combine Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Station, Dalian Medical University
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Hospital of Dalian
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Pathology, The Sixth Hospital of Dalian
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Hospital of Dalian
| | - Zhi-dong Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Pathology, The Sixth Hospital of Dalian
| | - Yong-mei Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Hospital of Dalian
| | - Hai-long Chen
- Combine Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Station, Dalian Medical University
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9
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Positron emission tomography diagnostic imaging in multidrug-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma: focus on 2-deoxy-2-(18F)Fluoro-D-Glucose. Mol Diagn Ther 2015; 18:495-504. [PMID: 24852041 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-014-0106-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide. Surgical resection and liver transplantation are still the best options for treatment. Nevertheless, as the number of patients who may benefit from these therapies is limited, alternative therapies have been developed, including chemotherapy. However, partly due to the expression of multidrug resistance (MDR) proteins, it has been found that HCC is a highly chemoresistant tumor. The major family of MDR proteins is the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily, which includes P-glycoprotein (Pgp) and MDR-associated protein 1 (MRP1). Positron emission tomography using the radiolabeled analog of glucose, 2-deoxy-2-((18)F)fluoro-D-glucose ([(18)F]FDG), has been used in diagnostic imaging of various types of tumors. Clinical studies are inconsistent but experimental studies have shown that [(18)F]FDG uptake is associated with tumor grade and is inversely proportional to Pgp expression in HCC. These studies unveil that [(18)F]FDG can be a substrate of Pgp, although that relationship remains unclear. This review sums up the relationship between MDR expression in HCC, and [(18)F]FDG uptake by tumor cells, showing that this radiopharmaceutical may provide a useful tool for the study of chemoresistance in HCC, and that the use of this marker may contribute to the therapeutic choice on this highly aggressive tumor.
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10
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Moss DM, Marzolini C, Rajoli RKR, Siccardi M. Applications of physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling for the optimization of anti-infective therapies. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2015; 11:1203-17. [PMID: 25872900 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2015.1037278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The pharmacokinetic properties of anti-infective drugs are a determinant part of treatment success. Pathogen replication is inhibited if adequate drug levels are achieved in target sites, whereas excessive drug concentrations linked to toxicity are to be avoided. Anti-infective distribution can be predicted by integrating in vitro drug properties and mathematical descriptions of human anatomy in physiologically based pharmacokinetic models. This method reduces the need for animal and human studies and is used increasingly in drug development and simulation of clinical scenario such as, for instance, drug-drug interactions, dose optimization, novel formulations and pharmacokinetics in special populations. AREAS COVERED We have assessed the relevance of physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling in the anti-infective research field, giving an overview of mechanisms involved in model design and have suggested strategies for future applications of physiologically based pharmacokinetic models. EXPERT OPINION Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling provides a powerful tool in anti-infective optimization, and there is now no doubt that both industry and regulatory bodies have recognized the importance of this technology. It should be acknowledged, however, that major challenges remain to be addressed and that information detailing disease group physiology and anti-infective pharmacodynamics is required if a personalized medicine approach is to be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Michael Moss
- University of Liverpool, Institute of Translational Medicine, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology , Liverpool , UK +44 0 151 794 8211 ; +44 0 151 794 5656 ;
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11
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Wlcek K, Stieger B. ATP-binding cassette transporters in liver. Biofactors 2014; 40:188-98. [PMID: 24105869 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The human ATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily consists of 48 members with 14 of them identified in normal human liver at the protein level. Most of the ABC members act as ATP dependent efflux transport systems. In the liver, ABC transporters are involved in diverse physiological processes including export of cholesterol, bile salts, and metabolic endproducts. Consequently, impaired ABC transporter function is involved in inherited diseases like sitosterolemia, hyperbilirubinemia, or cholestasis. Furthermore, altered expression of some of the hepatic ABCs have been associated with primary liver tumors. This review gives a short overview about the function of hepatic ABCs. Special focus is addressed on the localization and ontogenesis of ABC transporters in the human liver. In addition, their expression pattern in primary liver tumors is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Wlcek
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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12
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Wang SF, Chou YC, Mazumder N, Kao FJ, Nagy LD, Guengerich FP, Huang C, Lee HC, Lai PS, Ueng YF. 7-Ketocholesterol induces P-glycoprotein through PI3K/mTOR signaling in hepatoma cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2013; 86:548-60. [PMID: 23792120 PMCID: PMC4164904 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2013.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
7-Ketocholesterol (7-KC) is found at an elevated level in patients with cancer and chronic liver disease. The up-regulation of an efflux pump, P-glycoprotein (P-gp) leads to drug resistance. To elucidate the effect of 7-KC on P-gp, P-gp function and expression were investigated in hepatoma cell lines Huh-7 and HepG2 and in primary hepatocyte-derived HuS-E/2 cells. At a subtoxic concentration, 48-h exposure to 7-KC reduced the intracellular accumulation and cytotoxicity of P-gp substrate doxorubicin in hepatoma cells, but not in HuS-E/2 cells. In Huh-7 cells, 7-KC elevated efflux function through the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. 7-KC activated the downstream protein synthesis initiation factor 4E-BP1 and induced P-gp expression post-transcriptionally. The stimulation of efflux was reversible and could not be prevented by N-acetyl cysteine. Total cellular ATP content remained the same, whereas the lactate production was increased and fluorescence lifetime of protein-bound NADH was shortened. These changes suggested a metabolic shift to glycolysis, but glycolytic inhibitors did not eliminate 7-KC-mediated P-gp induction. These results demonstrate that 7-KC induces P-gp through PI3K/mTOR signaling and decreased the cell-killing efficacy of doxorubicin in hepatoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Fan Wang
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, No. 155-1, Li-Nong Street, Sec. 2, Taipei 112, Taiwan, ROC
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Li-Nong Street, Sec. 2,Taipei 112, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei 112, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yueh-Ching Chou
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Li-Nong Street, Sec. 2,Taipei 112, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei 112, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Nirmal Mazumder
- Institute of Biophotonics, School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Li-Nong Street, Sec. 2, Taipei 112, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Fu-Jen Kao
- Institute of Biophotonics, School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Li-Nong Street, Sec. 2, Taipei 112, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Leslie D. Nagy
- Department of Biochemistry and Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, USA
| | - F. Peter Guengerich
- Department of Biochemistry and Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, USA
| | - Cheng Huang
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, No. 155-1, Li-Nong Street, Sec. 2, Taipei 112, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsin-Chen Lee
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Li-Nong Street, Sec. 2,Taipei 112, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ping-Shan Lai
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, National Chung Hsin University, 250 Kuo Kuang Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yune-Fang Ueng
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, No. 155-1, Li-Nong Street, Sec. 2, Taipei 112, Taiwan, ROC
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Li-Nong Street, Sec. 2,Taipei 112, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan, ROC
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13
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Marin JJG. Plasma membrane transporters in modern liver pharmacology. SCIENTIFICA 2012; 2012:428139. [PMID: 24278693 PMCID: PMC3820525 DOI: 10.6064/2012/428139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The liver plays a crucial role in the detoxification of drugs used in the treatment of many diseases. The liver itself is the target for drugs aimed to modify its function or to treat infections and tumours affecting this organ. Both detoxification and pharmacological processes occurring in the liver require the uptake of the drug by hepatic cells and, in some cases, the elimination into bile. These steps have been classified as detoxification phase 0 and phase III, respectively. Since most drugs cannot cross the plasma membrane by simple diffusion, the involvement of transporters is mandatory. Several members of the superfamilies of solute carriers (SLC) and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) proteins, with a minor participation of other families of transporters, account for the uptake and efflux, respectively, of endobiotic and xenobiotic compounds across the basolateral and apical membranes of hepatocytes and cholangiocytes. These transporters are also involved in the sensitivity and refractoriness to the pharmacological treatment of liver tumours. An additional interesting aspect of the role of plasma membrane transporters in liver pharmacology regards the promiscuity of many of these carriers, which accounts for a variety of drug-drug, endogenous substances-drug and food components-drug interactions with clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose J. G. Marin
- Laboratory of Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEFARM), IBSAL, University of Salamanca and CIBERehd, Spain
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Campus Miguel de Unamuno E.D. S09, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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14
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Jung HY, Kim SH, Jing J, Gwak JM, Han CJ, Jang JJ, Lee KB. The Histologic Cut-off Point for Adjacent and Remote Non-neoplastic Liver Parenchyma of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients. KOREAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2012; 46:349-58. [PMID: 23110027 PMCID: PMC3479819 DOI: 10.4132/koreanjpathol.2012.46.4.349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2012] [Revised: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background The molecular profile of peritumoral non-neoplastic liver parenchyma (PNLP) has recently been suggested as predictive factor of early and late recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, there is no definite cut-off point for tumor-free PNLP in terms of either histological or molecular changes. Therefore, our aim is to determine the numerical cut-off point for separating adjacent PNLP and remote PNLP in histopathologic perspective. Methods Peritumoral tissues from 20 resected HCC patients were sampled from 0 to 40 mm distance from the tumor border (divided into 5-mm columns). Histopathologic parameters such as necroinflammatory activity, fibrosis, bile ductular reaction, hepatic venulitis, peliosis, and steatosis were compared between each column. Results The morphologic changes just adjacent to the tumor were notably severe and faded with distance. The parenchyma within 10 mm of the tumor showed significantly severe inflammation, fibrosis, peliosis and hepatic venulitis compared with those from farther areas. The histopathologic changes of the parenchyma became stable beyond 20 mm. Conclusions Results of this study revealed that the parenchyma within 10 mm distance from the tumor, or adjacent PNLP, has histopathologic changes that are directly affected by the tumor, and the parenchyma beyond 20 mm as the remote PNLP without tumor effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Yoen Jung
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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15
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Borel F, Han R, Visser A, Petry H, van Deventer SJH, Jansen PLM, Konstantinova P. Adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter genes up-regulation in untreated hepatocellular carcinoma is mediated by cellular microRNAs. Hepatology 2012; 55:821-32. [PMID: 21932399 DOI: 10.1002/hep.24682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2011] [Accepted: 09/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are drug efflux pumps responsible for the multidrug resistance phenotype causing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment failure. Here we studied the expression of 15 ABC transporters relevant for multidrug resistance in 19 paired HCC patient samples (16 untreated, 3 treated by chemotherapeutics). Twelve ABC transporters showed up-regulation in HCC compared with adjacent healthy liver. These include ABCA2, ABCB1, ABCB6, ABCC1, ABCC2, ABCC3, ABCC4, ABCC5, ABCC10, ABCC11, ABCC12, and ABCE1. The expression profile and function of some of these transporters have not been associated with HCC thus far. Because cellular microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in posttranscriptional gene silencing, we hypothesized that regulation of ABC expression in HCC might be mediated by miRNAs. To study this, miRNAs were profiled and dysregulation of 90 miRNAs was shown in HCC compared with healthy liver, including up-regulation of 11 and down-regulation of 79. miRNA target sites in ABC genes were bioinformatically predicted and experimentally verified in vitro using luciferase reporter assays. In total, 13 cellular miRNAs were confirmed that target ABCA1, ABCC1, ABCC5, ABCC10, and ABCE1 genes and mediate changes in gene expression. Correlation analysis between ABC and miRNA expression in individual patients revealed an inverse relationship, providing an indication for miRNA regulation of ABC genes in HCC. CONCLUSION Up-regulation of ABC transporters in HCC occurs prior to chemotherapeutic treatment and is associated with miRNA down-regulation. Up-regulation of five ABC genes appears to be mediated by 13 cellular miRNAs in HCC patient samples. miRNA-based gene therapy may be a novel and promising way to affect the ABC profile and overcome clinical multidrug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florie Borel
- Department of Research & Development, Amsterdam Molecular Therapeutics, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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16
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Van der Heyden S, Chiers K, Vercauteren G, Daminet S, Wegge B, Paepe D, Ducatelle R. Expression of Multidrug Resistance-Associated P-Glycoprotein in Feline Tumours. J Comp Pathol 2011; 144:164-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2010.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2010] [Revised: 06/07/2010] [Accepted: 08/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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17
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Sakurada T, Yoshikawa M, Sunaga M, Kobayashi E, Satoh N, Yokosuka O, Ueda S. Expression of Drug-Resistant Factor Genes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy with Platinum Complex by Arterial Infusion. Pharmaceutics 2010; 2:300-312. [PMID: 27721358 PMCID: PMC3967139 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics2030300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2010] [Accepted: 09/01/2010] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated gene expression of drug resistance factors in biopsy tissue samples from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients undergoing chemotherapy by platinum complex. Liver biopsy was performed to collect tissue from the tumor site (T) and the non-tumor site (NT) prior to the start of treatment. For drug-resistant factors, drug excretion transporters cMOAT and MDR-1, intracellular metal binding protein MT2, DNA repair enzyme ERCC-l and inter-nucleic cell transport protein MVP, were investigated. The comparison of the expression between T and NT indicated a significant decrease of MT2 and MDR-1 in T while a significant increase in ERCC-1 was noted in T. Further, expression was compared between the response cases and non-response cases using the ratios of expression in T to those in NT. The response rate was significantly low in the high expression group when the cutoff value of cMOAT and MT2 was set at 1.5 and 1.0, respectively. Furthermore, when the patients were classified into A group (cMOAT ≧ 1.5 or MT2 ≧ 1.0) and B group (cMOAT < 1.5 and MT2 < 1.0), the response rate of A group was significantly lower than B group when we combined the cutoff values of cMOAT and MT2. It is considered possible to estimate the therapeutic effect of platinum complex at a high probability by combining the expression condition of these two genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Sakurada
- Department of Drug Information and Communication, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan.
| | - Masaharu Yoshikawa
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
| | - Masahiko Sunaga
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chiba Central Medical Center, 1835-1 Kasoricho, Wakaba-ku, Chiba, 264-0017, Japan
| | - Eriko Kobayashi
- Department of Drug Information and Communication, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
| | - Nobunori Satoh
- Department of Clinical Education and Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
| | - Osamu Yokosuka
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
| | - Shiro Ueda
- Department of Drug Information and Communication, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
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18
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Mamori S, Tajiri H. Ets-1 is increased in anticancer drug-containing media and hypoxic cultures, similar to TACE. Scand J Gastroenterol 2009; 44:507-8. [PMID: 19107674 DOI: 10.1080/00365520802647442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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19
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Down-regulation of the HGF/MET autocrine loop induced by celecoxib and mediated by P-gp in MDR-positive human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line. Biochem Pharmacol 2009; 78:21-32. [PMID: 19447220 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2009.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2009] [Revised: 03/10/2009] [Accepted: 03/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Many tumors are resistant to drug-induced cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. We have reported that apoptosis can be restored in human multidrug-resistant (MDR) hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines by celecoxib. Here we show that P-glycoprotein (P-gp) mediates cell-cycle arrest and autophagy induced by celecoxib in human MDR overexpressing hepatocellular carcinoma cell line by down-regulation of the HGF/MET autocrine loop and Bcl-2 expression. Exposure of cells to a low concentration of celecoxib down-regulated the expression of mTOR and caused G1 arrest and autophagy, while higher concentration triggered apoptosis. Cell growth inhibition and autophagy were associated with up-regulation of the expression of TGFbeta1, p16(INK4b), p21(Cip1) and p27(Kip1) and down-regulation of cyclin D1, cyclin E, pRb and E2F. The role of P-glycoprotein expression in resistance of MDR cell clone to cell-cycle arrest, autophagy and apoptosis was shown in cells transfected with MDR1 small interfering RNA. These findings demonstrate that the constitutive expression of P-gp is involved in the HGF/MET autocrine loop that leads to increased expression of Bcl-2 and mTor, inhibition of eIF2alpha expression, resistance to autophagy/apoptosis and progression in the cell-cycle. Since mTor inhibitors have been proposed in treatment of "drug resistant" cancer, these data may help explain the reversing effect of mTor inhibitors.
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20
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Hu C, Li H, Li J, Zhu Z, Yin S, Hao X, Yao M, Zheng S, Gu J. Analysis of ABCG2 expression and side population identifies intrinsic drug efflux in the HCC cell line MHCC-97L and its modulation by Akt signaling. Carcinogenesis 2008; 29:2289-97. [PMID: 18820285 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgn223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Active drug efflux by the adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette (ABC) transporter ABCG2 is one of the common mechanisms causing multiple drug resistance in various human cancers. In the intrinsic drug resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the role of ABCG2 is closely associated with 'side population (SP)', a minor subset of cancer stem-like cells with unique capacity to extrude lipophilic dye Hoechst 33342 and many chemotherapeutic agents. In this study, we showed that ABCG2 was intrinsically expressed in a subgroup of HCC tissues and its expression pattern significantly influenced the levels of drug efflux from HCC cell lines. In MHCC-97L HCC cell line with intrinsic ABCG2 expression, we confirmed the importance of SP cells to the drug efflux-related chemotherapy resistance and found that the SP analysis provided an efficient method to evaluate the functional activity of ABCG2 transporter. In this cell line, we discovered that the SP proportion was modulated by the treatments of Akt signaling inhibitors and serum supplement, which led to the finding that Akt signaling was able to regulate the SP cells' efflux activity via altering the subcellular localization of ABCG2 transporter. We further demonstrated that the Akt signaling inhibition attenuated the doxorubicin efflux from MHCC-97L cells and increased the drug efficacy. Our results indicate the protective role of intrinsic ABCG2 expression in HCC cells and suggest that suppressing Akt signaling could help overcome the drug efflux by ABCG2 transporter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Hu
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
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21
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Takeba Y, Sekine S, Kumai T, Matsumoto N, Nakaya S, Tsuzuki Y, Yanagida Y, Nakano H, Asakura T, Ohtsubo T, Kobayashi S. Irinotecan-induced apoptosis is inhibited by increased P-glycoprotein expression and decreased p53 in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2007; 30:1400-6. [PMID: 17666793 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.30.1400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Irinotecan, a DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor, is widely used in cancer chemotherapy. However, little is known of the mechanisms of its antitumor effects and the development of drug resistance in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we investigated the effects of short-term culture with SN-38, the active metabolite of irinotecan, on apoptosis in Huh7 cells. The cells were cultured with SN-38 for 24, 72, and 120 h, and apoptosis was determined using the terminal dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay. The expressions of p53, apoptosis-related proteins, and P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a protein conferring the multidrug-resistant phenotype, were analyzed using Western blotting. Induced expression of P-gp was detected using fluorescence microscopy. SN-38 significantly induced apoptosis in Huh7 cells at 24 h. SN-38 also increased the expression of p53, Bax, and caspase-9 and decreased Bcl-xL expression in Huh7 cells. SN-38 decreased p53 expression and increased P-gp expression after 120 h, resulting in inhibition of apoptosis. This inhibition was reversed by the addition of verapamil to the culture medium during 120 h incubation. SN-38-induced P-gp expression was additionally enhanced by p53 decoy oligodeoxynucleotide. The changes in P-gp expression were directly moderated by p53 gene downregulation, suggesting that it plays a role in the mechanism of drug resistance. These results suggest that the accumulation of irinotecan in HCC leads to the development of drug resistance.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/biosynthesis
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/physiology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Blotting, Western
- Camptothecin/analogs & derivatives
- Camptothecin/pharmacology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Humans
- In Situ Nick-End Labeling
- Irinotecan
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Microscopy, Fluorescence
- Oligonucleotides/pharmacology
- RNA, Neoplasm/biosynthesis
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/biosynthesis
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Takeba
- Department of Pharmacology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 216-8511, Japan.
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22
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Mok TSK, Choi E, Yau D, Johri A, Yeo W, Chan ATC, Wong C. Effects of patupilone (epothilone B; EPO906), a novel chemotherapeutic agent, in hepatocellular carcinoma: an in vitro study. Oncology 2007; 71:292-6. [PMID: 17657173 DOI: 10.1159/000106450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2006] [Accepted: 04/28/2007] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study, the cytotoxic effects of patupilone (epothilone B; EPO906) were assessed in a panel of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines, and were compared with doxorubicin and the microtubule-stabilizing taxanes. METHODS The following HCC cell lines were used: PLC/PRF/5, HepG2, Hep3B, SNU-387, SNU-398, SNU-423, SNU-449, and SNU-475. Cells were treated with various concentrations of patupilone, paclitaxel, docetaxel, or doxorubicin for 72 h; 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)) were determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide assay. P-glycoprotein expression was assessed using standard Western blotting techniques. RESULTS Patupilone was found to be the most potent drug in all 8 HCC cell lines. All cell lines except SNU-449 were 4- to19-fold more sensitive to patupilone than to paclitaxel and docetaxel, and 59- to 208-fold more sensitive than to doxorubicin. SNU-449, the most resistant cell line and the only one overexpressing P-glycoprotein, was 3- to 39-fold more resistant to paclitaxel, docetaxel, and doxorubicin than were other cell lines. The IC(50) of patupilone in SNU-449 was 1.14 nmol, which was 108- to 529-fold lower than those of the other agents. CONCLUSION Patupilone was more potent than taxanes and doxorubicin in HCC cell lines and may result in reduced clinical resistance by overcoming P-glycoprotein overexpression. A clinical study in HCC is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony S K Mok
- Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory in Oncology in South China and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
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23
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D'Alessandro N, Poma P, Montalto G. Multifactorial nature of hepatocellular carcinoma drug resistance: could plant polyphenols be helpful? World J Gastroenterol 2007; 13:2037-43. [PMID: 17465444 PMCID: PMC4319121 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v13.i14.2037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2006] [Revised: 12/01/2006] [Accepted: 12/08/2006] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a quite frequent tumor which results in high mortality and most often exhibits a poor response to present drug therapies. Clearly, a thorough understanding of the biological bases of this malignancy might suggest new strategies for its treatment. Here we examine the evidences that both "pharmacological" mechanisms (e.g. drug transporter or detoxification enzyme over-expression) and alterations in other critical factors, including the IAPs (Inhibitory of Apoptosis Proteins), involved in enhancement of cell survival and proliferation may determine the therapeutic resistance of HCC; we also underline the possible role in the process of the activation of transcription factors, like NF-kappaB, capable of contemporaneously up-regulating the mechanisms discussed. On this basis, we finally comment on the possible use of natural multi-targeted antitumoral agents like plant polyphenols to achieve sensitization to treatments in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natale D'Alessandro
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, Palermo 90127, Italy.
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24
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Establishment of hepatocellular carcinoma multidrug resistant monoclone cell line HepG2/mdr1. Chin Med J (Engl) 2007. [DOI: 10.1097/00029330-200704020-00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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25
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Karp SJ, Ku Y, Johnson S, Khwaja K, Curry M, Hanto D. Surgical and non-surgical approaches to hepatocellular cancer. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2006. [DOI: 10.1097/01.mot.0000227837.06582.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Lasagna N, Fantappiè O, Solazzo M, Morbidelli L, Marchetti S, Cipriani G, Ziche M, Mazzanti R. Hepatocyte growth factor and inducible nitric oxide synthase are involved in multidrug resistance-induced angiogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. Cancer Res 2006; 66:2673-82. [PMID: 16510587 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-05-2290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Based on literature, it is possible to hypothesize that multidrug resistance (MDR) and angiogenic phenotypes are linked to each other in human liver cancer cells. Our goal is to assess whether MDR cells trigger angiogenesis and to study the possible molecular mechanisms involved. Conditioned medium from parental drug-sensitive P5 cells (P5-CM) and MDR-positive P1(0.5) cells [P1(0.5)-CM] stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) survival, proliferation, migration, and microtubular structure formation, but P1(0.5)-CM had a significantly greater effect than P5-CM. Cell implants were done in the rabbit avascular cornea to measure angiogenesis in vivo: P1(0.5) cells induced an important neovascular response in rabbit cornea after 1 week, whereas P5 cells had no effect. P1(0.5) and P5 cells produced vascular endothelial growth factor, but only P1(0.5) secreted hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) into the medium, and small interfering RNA specific for MDR1 clearly reduced HGF production in P1(0.5) cells. The transcription factor Ets-1 and the HGF receptor c-Met were up-regulated in P1(0.5) cells and in HUVEC cultured in P1(0.5)-CM. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) seemed to play a major role in the proangiogenic effect of P1(0.5), and its inhibition by 1400W blunted the capacity of P1(0.5) cells to stimulate HUVEC proliferation, migration, and Ets-1 expression. In conclusion, these data show that development of MDR and angiogenic phenotypes are linked to each other in MDR cells. HGF production, Ets-1 and c-Met up-regulation, and iNOS expression can be part of the molecular mechanisms that enhance the angiogenic activity of the MDR-positive hepatocellular carcinoma cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Lasagna
- Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate School in Oncology, DENOthe, University of Florence, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
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27
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Vander Borght S, Libbrecht L, Blokzijl H, Faber KN, Moshage H, Aerts R, Van Steenbergen W, Jansen PL, Desmet VJ, Roskams TA. Diagnostic and pathogenetic implications of the expression of hepatic transporters in focal lesions occurring in normal liver. J Pathol 2005; 207:471-82. [PMID: 16161006 DOI: 10.1002/path.1852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular adenoma and focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) are benign liver tumours. The differential diagnosis of these lesions and of well- to moderately differentiated hepatocellular carcinomas is often difficult but is very important in view of their different treatment. Although neither type of lesion is connected to the biliary tree, FNHs are cholestatic, whereas this is rarely the case for hepatocellular adenomas. This suggests that hepatocellular uptake and secretion of bile constituents is different in FNHs compared to adenomas. We therefore evaluated the expression and localization of hepatic transporters in hepatocellular adenomas, different types of FNH and well- to moderately differentiated hepatocellular carcinomas in non-cirrhotic liver and compared them with normal liver, using real-time RT-PCR and (semi-)quantitative immunohistochemistry. The parenchymal expression of the uptake transporter OATP2/8 (OATP1B1/3) was minimal or absent in adenoma, while there was strong and diffuse expression in FNH. We observed diffuse parenchymal expression of the basolateral export pump MRP3 in adenomas, while only reactive bile ductules and adjacent cholestatic hepatocytes were MRP3-positive in FNH. The MRP3/OATP2/8 expression pattern of atypical FNHs resembled that of adenomas, suggesting that both types of lesion are related. Most hepatocellular carcinomas showed decreased expression of one or more of the canalicular transporters (MDR1, MDR3, BSEP). The differences in transporter expression profile between FNHs and adenomas are most likely pathogenetically important and may explain why only FNHs are cholestatic. The finding that each type of focal lesion in non-cirrhotic liver has a specific transporter expression pattern may be useful in the establishment of a correct diagnosis by imaging or on needle biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Vander Borght
- Laboratory of Morphology and Molecular Pathology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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28
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Ding L, Chen XP, Zhang ZW, Guan J, Zhang WG, Wang HP, Wang ZH, Li CL. Synergistic effect of bromocriptine and tumor necrosis factor-α on reversing hepatocellular carcinoma multidrug resistance in nude mouse MDR1 model of liver neoplasm. World J Gastroenterol 2005; 11:5621-6. [PMID: 16237754 PMCID: PMC4481477 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v11.i36.5621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effect of bromocriptine (BCT) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α ) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) multidrug resistance (MDR) in nude mouse MDR model of liver neoplasm.
METHODS: Human hepatocarcinoma cell line HepG2, drug resistant hepatocarcinoma cell line HepG2/adriamycin (ADM) and hepatocarcinoma cell line transfected with TNF-α gene HepG2/ADM/TNF were injected into the liver of nude mice via orthotopic implantation and MDR model of liver neoplasm in vivo was established (HepG2, ADM, TNF, BCT groups). Among these groups, BCT group and TNF group were treated with BCT through gastric canal. Each group was divided into control group and chemotherapy group. Size and weight of the tumor were measured. Furthermore, tumor histological character and growth of the nude mice were observed and their chemosensitivity was tested. MDR-associated genes and proteins (MRP, LRP) of implanted tumors were detected by immunohistochemistry, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, and apoptosis rate of hepatocarcinoma cells was detected by TUNEL assay.
RESULTS: The nude mouse model of each cell line was inoculated successfully. The tumor growth rate and weight were significantly different among groups. After chemotherapy, abdominal cavity tumor growth inhibition rate was higher in BCT group (67%) compared to ADM and TNF groups, and similar to HepG2 group (54%). MDR1 and LRPmRNA could be detected in all groups, but TNF-αwas detected only in TNF and BCT groups. Furthermore, MDR1 and LRP protein expression of tumors in TNF and BCT groups was low similar to HepG2 group. The apoptosis rate of hepatocarcinoma cells was much higher in BCT group than in other groups with TUNEL assay.
CONCLUSION: BCT and TNF-α can reverse HCC MDR in nude mouse MDR1 model of liver neoplasm.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/metabolism
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Apoptosis
- Bromocriptine/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Drug Synergism
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Genes, MDR/genetics
- Genes, MDR/physiology
- Humans
- Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms/physiopathology
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ding
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
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