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Duitama M, Moreno Y, Santander SP, Casas Z, Sutachan JJ, Torres YP, Albarracín SL. TRP Channels as Molecular Targets to Relieve Cancer Pain. Biomolecules 2021; 12:1. [PMID: 35053150 PMCID: PMC8774023 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are critical receptors in the transduction of nociceptive stimuli. The microenvironment of diverse types of cancer releases substances, including growth factors, neurotransmitters, and inflammatory mediators, which modulate the activity of TRPs through the regulation of intracellular signaling pathways. The modulation of TRP channels is associated with the peripheral sensitization observed in patients with cancer, which results in mild noxious sensory stimuli being perceived as hyperalgesia and allodynia. Secondary metabolites derived from plant extracts can induce the activation, blocking, and desensitization of TRP channels. Thus, these compounds could act as potential therapeutic agents, as their antinociceptive properties could be beneficial in relieving cancer-derived pain. In this review, we will summarize the role of TRPV1 and TRPA1 in pain associated with cancer and discuss molecules that have been reported to modulate these channels, focusing particularly on the mechanisms of channel activation associated with molecules released in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Duitama
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (M.D.); (Z.C.); (J.J.S.)
| | - Yurany Moreno
- Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma, MD Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Sandra Paola Santander
- Phytoimmunomodulation Research Group, Juan N. Corpas University Foundation, Bogotá 111111, Colombia;
| | - Zulma Casas
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (M.D.); (Z.C.); (J.J.S.)
| | - Jhon Jairo Sutachan
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (M.D.); (Z.C.); (J.J.S.)
| | - Yolima P. Torres
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (M.D.); (Z.C.); (J.J.S.)
| | - Sonia L. Albarracín
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (M.D.); (Z.C.); (J.J.S.)
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Uchytilova E, Spicarova D, Palecek J. Hypersensitivity Induced by Intrathecal Bradykinin Administration Is Enhanced by N-oleoyldopamine (OLDA) and Prevented by TRPV1 Antagonist. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3712. [PMID: 33918267 PMCID: PMC8038144 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channels contribute to the development of several chronic pain states and represent a possible therapeutic target in many painful disease treatment. Proinflammatory mediator bradykinin (BK) sensitizes TRPV1, whereas noxious peripheral stimulation increases BK level in the spinal cord. Here, we investigated the involvement of spinal TRPV1 in thermal and mechanical hypersensitivity, evoked by intrathecal (i.t.) administration of BK and an endogenous agonist of TRPV1, N-oleoyldopamine (OLDA), using behavioral tests and i.t. catheter implantation, and administration of BK-induced transient thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia. All these hypersensitive states were enhanced by co-administration of a low dose of OLDA (0.42 µg i.t.), which was ineffective only under the control conditions. Intrathecal pretreatment with TRPV1 selective antagonist SB366791 prevented hypersensitivity induced by i.t. co-administration of BK and OLDA. Our results demonstrate that both thermal and mechanical hypersensitivity evoked by co-administration of BK and OLDA is mediated by the activation of spinal TRPV1 channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Uchytilova
- Laboratory of Pain Research, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic;
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Resuscitation and Critical Care, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Videnska 1958/9, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Diana Spicarova
- Laboratory of Pain Research, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Jiri Palecek
- Laboratory of Pain Research, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic;
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Ethanolic Extract of Salvia hispanica L. Regulates Blood Pressure by Modulating the Expression of Genes Involved in BP-Regulatory Pathways. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25173875. [PMID: 32858788 PMCID: PMC7504362 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension (HT) is considered to be a potential risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and has been directly related to pathologies such as obesity and dyslipidemias. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) blocked the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone cascade diminishing the production of angiotensin II and the level of bradykinin, produced by the kallikrein-kinin system. Although ACEIs are effective therapeutics in regulating HT, they present several side-effects that can be due to their mechanism of action (as hypotension, cough, dizziness, light-headedness or hyperkalemia) to specific drug molecular structure (skin rash, neutropenia and tasting disorders) or due to associated pathologies in the patients (it has been considered a possible nephrotoxic effect when ACEIs are administered in combination with angiotensin receptor blockers, in patients that present comorbidities as diabetes, acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease). Therefore, it is necessary the searching for new products with ACEI activity that do not produce side effects. Interestingly, species of the plant genus Salvia have been found to possess hypotensive effects. In the present study, we analyzed the effects of the ethanolic extract of Salvia hispanica L. seeds (EESH) on the expression of genes involved in pathways regulating HT. Administration of EESH to hypertensive rats inhibited the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity along with a decrease in Ace and elevation of Agtr1a and Nos3 gene expression, as compared to that in healthy rats. Moreover, these results were similar to those observed with captopril, an antihypertensive drug used as a control. No significant change in the expression of Bdkrb2 gene was observed in the different groups of rats. To conclude, our results demonstrate that EESH regulates blood pressure (BP) in hypertensive rats through transcriptionally regulating the expression of genes that participate in different pathways involving ACE.
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Costa R, Bicca MA, Manjavachi MN, Segat GC, Dias FC, Fernandes ES, Calixto JB. Kinin Receptors Sensitize TRPV4 Channel and Induce Mechanical Hyperalgesia: Relevance to Paclitaxel-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:2150-2161. [PMID: 28283888 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0475-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Kinin B1 (B1R) and B2 receptors (B2R) and the transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channel are known to play a critical role in the peripheral neuropathy induced by paclitaxel (PTX) in rodents. However, the downstream pathways activated by kinin receptors as well as the sensitizers of the TRPV4 channel involved in this process remain unknown. Herein, we investigated whether kinins sensitize TRPV4 channels in order to maintain PTX-induced peripheral neuropathy in mice. The mechanical hyperalgesia induced by bradykinin (BK, a B2R agonist) or des-Arg9-BK (DABK, a B1R agonist) was inhibited by the selective TRPV4 antagonist HC-067047. Additionally, BK was able to sensitize TRPV4, thus contributing to mechanical hyperalgesia. This response was dependent on phospholipase C/protein kinase C (PKC) activation. The selective kinin B1R (des-Arg9-[Leu8]-bradykinin) and B2R (HOE 140) antagonists reduced the mechanical hyperalgesia induced by PTX, with efficacies and time response profiles similar to those observed for the TRPV4 antagonist (HC-067047). Additionally, both kinin receptor antagonists inhibited the overt nociception induced by hypotonic solution in PTX-injected animals. The same animals presented lower PKCε levels in skin and dorsal root ganglion samples. The selective PKCε inhibitor (εV1-2) reduced the hypotonicity-induced overt nociception in PTX-treated mice with the same magnitude observed for the kinin receptor antagonists. These findings suggest that B1R or B2R agonists sensitize TRPV4 channels to induce mechanical hyperalgesia in mice. This mechanism of interaction may contribute to PTX-induced peripheral neuropathy through the activation of PKCε. We suggest these targets represent new opportunities for the development of effective analgesics to treat chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robson Costa
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Florianópolis, SC, 88049-900, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maíra A Bicca
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Florianópolis, SC, 88049-900, Brazil
| | - Marianne N Manjavachi
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Florianópolis, SC, 88049-900, Brazil
| | - Gabriela C Segat
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Florianópolis, SC, 88049-900, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Chaves Dias
- Programa de Pós-graduação de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth S Fernandes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, MA, Brazil.,Vascular Biology and Inflammation Section, Cardiovascular Division, King's College London, London, UK
| | - João B Calixto
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Florianópolis, SC, 88049-900, Brazil. .,Centro de Inovação e Ensaios Pré-clínicos (CIEnP), Av. Luiz Bouteux Piazza, 1302, Cachoeira do Bom Jesus, Florianópolis, SC, 88056-000, Brazil.
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Meotti FC, Figueiredo CP, Manjavachi M, Calixto JB. The transient receptor potential ankyrin-1 mediates mechanical hyperalgesia induced by the activation of B1 receptor in mice. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 125:75-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Potentiation of Paclitaxel-Induced Pain Syndrome in Mice by Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme Inhibition and Involvement of Kinins. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:7824-7837. [PMID: 27844290 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0275-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Paclitaxel is a chemotherapeutic agent used to treat solid tumours. However, it causes an acute and neuropathic pain syndrome that limits its use. Among the mechanisms involved in neuropathic pain caused by paclitaxel is activation of kinin receptors. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors can enhance kinin receptor signalling. The goal of this study was to evaluate the role of kinins on paclitaxel-associated acute pain syndromes (P-APS) and the effect of ACE inhibition on P-APS and paclitaxel-associated chronic peripheral neuropathy (P-CPN) in mice. Herein, we show that paclitaxel caused mechanical allodynia and spontaneous nociceptive behaviour that was reduced by antagonists of kinin receptors B1 (DALBk and SSR240612) and B2 (Hoe140 and FR173657). Moreover, enalapril (an ACE inhibitor) enhanced the mechanical allodynia induced by a low dose of paclitaxel. Likewise, paclitaxel injection inhibited ACE activity and increased the expressions of B1 and B2 receptors and bradykinin-related peptides levels in peripheral tissue. Together, our data support the involvement of kinin receptors in the P-APS and suggest kinin receptor antagonists to treat this syndrome. Because hypertension is the most frequent comorbidity affecting cancer patients, treatment of hypertension with ACE inhibitors in patients undergoing paclitaxel chemotherapy should be reviewed, since this could enhance the P-APS and P-CPN.
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Hua B, Gao Y, Kong X, Yang L, Hou W, Bao Y. New insights of nociceptor sensitization in bone cancer pain. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2014; 19:227-43. [PMID: 25547644 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2014.980815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Numerous studies have shown that an intact CNS is required for the conscious perception of cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) and that changes in the CNS are clearly evident. Accordingly, the blockage of nociceptive stimulus into the CNS can effectively relieve or markedly attenuate CIBP, revealing the clinical implication of the blockage of ongoing peripheral inputs for the control of CIBP. AREAS COVERED In this review, the heterogeneity and excitability of nociceptors in bone are covered. Furthermore, their role in initiating and maintaining CIBP is also described. EXPERT OPINION Developing mechanistic therapies to treat CIBP is a challenge, but they have the potential to fundamentally change our ability to effectively block/relieve CIBP and increase the functional status and quality of life of patients with bone metastasis. Further studies are desperately needed at both the preclinical and clinical levels to determine whether the targets as mentioned in this review are viable and feasible for patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojin Hua
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Department of Oncology , Beixiange 5, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053 , China +86 10 88001221 ; +86 10 88001340 ;
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Silva CR, Oliveira SM, Hoffmeister C, Funck V, Guerra GP, Trevisan G, Tonello R, Rossato MF, Pesquero JB, Bader M, Oliveira MS, McDougall JJ, Ferreira J. The role of kinin B1 receptor and the effect of angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibition on acute gout attacks in rodents. Ann Rheum Dis 2014; 75:260-8. [PMID: 25344431 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-205739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Verify the role of the kinin B1 receptors (B1R) and the effect of ACE inhibitors (ACEi) on acute gout induced by monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in rodents. METHODS Painful (overt pain and allodynia) and inflammatory parameters (joint oedema, leukocyte trafficking, interleukin-1β levels) of acute gout attacks were assessed several hours after an intra-articular injection of MSU (1.25 or 0.5 mg/articulation) into the ankle of rats or mice, respectively. The role of B1R was investigated using pharmacological antagonism or gene deletion. Additionally, B1R immunoreactivity in ankle tissue and sensory neurons, kininase I activity and des-Arg(9)-bradykinin synovial levels were also measured. Similar tools were used to investigate the effects of ACEi on a low dose of MSU (0.0125 mg/articulation)-induced inflammation. RESULTS Kinin B1R antagonism or gene deletion largely reduced all painful and inflammatory signs of gout. Furthermore, MSU increased B1R expression in articular tissues, the content of the B1 agonist des-Arg(9)-bradykinin and the activity of the B1 agonist-forming enzyme kininase I. A low dose of MSU crystals, which did not induce inflammation in control animals, caused signs of acute gout attacks in ACEi-treated animals that were B1R-dependent. CONCLUSIONS Kinin B1R contributes to acute gouty attacks, including the ones facilitated by ACEi. Therefore, B1R is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment and prophylaxis of gout, especially in patients taking ACEi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cássia R Silva
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Sara M Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Carin Hoffmeister
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Funck
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Gustavo P Guerra
- Center for Food Sciences, Federal Technologic University of Paraná, Medianeira, PR, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Trevisan
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Raquel Tonello
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Mateus F Rossato
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - João B Pesquero
- Department of Biophysics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Michael Bader
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) and Charité, University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mauro S Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Jason J McDougall
- Departments of Pharmacology and Anesthesia, Pain Management & Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Juliano Ferreira
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Schuelert N, Just S, Corradini L, Kuelzer R, Bernloehr C, Doods H. The bradykinin B1 receptor antagonist BI113823 reverses inflammatory hyperalgesia by desensitization of peripheral and spinal neurons. Eur J Pain 2014; 19:132-42. [DOI: 10.1002/ejp.573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Schuelert
- Department of CNS Diseases Research; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG; Biberach Germany
| | - S. Just
- Department of CNS Diseases Research; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG; Biberach Germany
| | - L. Corradini
- Department of CNS Diseases Research; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG; Biberach Germany
| | - R. Kuelzer
- Department of Drug Discovery and Support; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG; Biberach Germany
| | - C. Bernloehr
- Department of CNS Diseases Research; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG; Biberach Germany
| | - H. Doods
- Department of CNS Diseases Research; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG; Biberach Germany
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Teixeira JM, de Oliveira-Fusaro MCG, Parada CA, Tambeli CH. Peripheral P2X7 receptor-induced mechanical hyperalgesia is mediated by bradykinin. Neuroscience 2014; 277:163-73. [PMID: 24997266 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
P2X7 receptors play an important role in inflammatory hyperalgesia, but the mechanisms involved in their hyperalgesic role are not completely understood. In this study, we hypothesized that P2X7 receptor activation induces mechanical hyperalgesia via the inflammatory mediators bradykinin, sympathomimetic amines, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and pro-inflammatory cytokines and via neutrophil migration in rats. We found that 2'(3')-O-(4-benzoylbenzoyl)adenosine 5'-triphosphate triethylammonium salt (BzATP), the most potent P2X7 receptor agonist available, induced a dose-dependent mechanical hyperalgesia that was blocked by the P2X7 receptor-selective antagonist A-438079 but unaffected by the P2X1,3,2/3 receptor antagonist TNP-ATP. These findings confirm that, although BzATP also acts at both P2X1 and P2X3 receptors, BzATP-induced hyperalgesia was mediated only by P2X7 receptor activation. Co-administration of selective antagonists of bradykinin B1 (Des-Arg(8)-Leu(9)-BK (DALBK)) or B2 receptors (bradyzide), β1 (atenolol) or β2 adrenoceptors (ICI 118,551), or local pre-treatment with the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin or the nonspecific selectin inhibitor fucoidan each significantly reduced BzATP-induced mechanical hyperalgesia in the rat hind paw. BzATP also induced the release of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1 (CINC-1), an effect that was significantly reduced by A-438079. Co-administration of DALBK or bradyzide with BzATP significantly reduced BzATP-induced IL-1β and CINC-1 release. These results indicate that peripheral P2X7 receptor activation induces mechanical hyperalgesia via inflammatory mediators, especially bradykinin, which may contribute to pro-inflammatory cytokine release. These pro-inflammatory cytokines in turn may mediate the contributions of PGE2, sympathomimetic amines and neutrophil migration to the mechanical hyperalgesia induced by local P2X7 receptor activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Teixeira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Campinas, SP CEP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - M C G de Oliveira-Fusaro
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Rua Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, Limeira, SP CEP 13484-350, Brazil
| | - C A Parada
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Campinas, SP CEP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - C H Tambeli
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Campinas, SP CEP 13083-862, Brazil.
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The kinin B1 receptor mediates alloknesis in a murine model of inflammation. Neurosci Lett 2013; 560:31-5. [PMID: 24355361 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2013.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Noxious stimuli and non-noxious mechanical stimuli elicit itch (alloknesis) instead of pain on skin lesions of patients with atopic dermatitis. We previously found that bradykinin evokes an itch-related scratching response through activation of kinin B1 receptor in skin inflamed using complete Freund's adjuvant. In this study we investigated whether alloknesis is evoked in CFA-inflamed skin and the involvement of kinin receptors. In our results, alloknesis was elicited four days after CFA-inflammation. Furthermore, pretreatment with a B1 receptor antagonist or μ-opioid receptor antagonist significantly reduced alloknesis. In contrast, treatment with a B2 receptor antagonist significantly increased alloknesis. These results suggest that the alloknesis response is mediated by the activation of kinin B1 receptor but antagonized by the B2 receptor in CFA-inflamed mice.
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Laycock H, Valente J, Bantel C, Nagy I. Peripheral mechanisms of burn injury-associated pain. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 716:169-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.01.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Revised: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Petho G, Reeh PW. Sensory and signaling mechanisms of bradykinin, eicosanoids, platelet-activating factor, and nitric oxide in peripheral nociceptors. Physiol Rev 2013; 92:1699-775. [PMID: 23073630 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00048.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral mediators can contribute to the development and maintenance of inflammatory and neuropathic pain and its concomitants (hyperalgesia and allodynia) via two mechanisms. Activation or excitation by these substances of nociceptive nerve endings or fibers implicates generation of action potentials which then travel to the central nervous system and may induce pain sensation. Sensitization of nociceptors refers to their increased responsiveness to either thermal, mechanical, or chemical stimuli that may be translated to corresponding hyperalgesias. This review aims to give an account of the excitatory and sensitizing actions of inflammatory mediators including bradykinin, prostaglandins, thromboxanes, leukotrienes, platelet-activating factor, and nitric oxide on nociceptive primary afferent neurons. Manifestations, receptor molecules, and intracellular signaling mechanisms of the effects of these mediators are discussed in detail. With regard to signaling, most data reported have been obtained from transfected nonneuronal cells and somata of cultured sensory neurons as these structures are more accessible to direct study of sensory and signal transduction. The peripheral processes of sensory neurons, where painful stimuli actually affect the nociceptors in vivo, show marked differences with respect to biophysics, ultrastructure, and equipment with receptors and ion channels compared with cellular models. Therefore, an effort was made to highlight signaling mechanisms for which supporting data from molecular, cellular, and behavioral models are consistent with findings that reflect properties of peripheral nociceptive nerve endings. Identified molecular elements of these signaling pathways may serve as validated targets for development of novel types of analgesic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Petho
- Pharmacodynamics Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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Quinolinyl- and phenantridinyl-acetamides as bradykinin B1 receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:3095-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2012] [Revised: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Emerging role of microglial kinin B1 receptor in diabetic pain neuropathy. Exp Neurol 2012; 234:373-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2011] [Revised: 11/01/2011] [Accepted: 11/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Costa R, Motta EM, Dutra RC, Manjavachi MN, Bento AF, Malinsky FR, Pesquero JB, Calixto JB. Anti-nociceptive effect of kinin B₁ and B₂ receptor antagonists on peripheral neuropathy induced by paclitaxel in mice. Br J Pharmacol 2012; 164:681-93. [PMID: 21470206 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01408.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In the current study, we investigated the role of both kinin B₁ and B₂ receptors in peripheral neuropathy induced by the chronic treatment of mice with paclitaxel a widely used chemotherapeutic agent. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Chemotherapy-evoked hyperalgesia was induced by i.p. injections of paclitaxel (2 mg·kg⁻¹) over 5 consecutive days. Mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia were evaluated between 7 and 21 days after the first paclitaxel treatment. KEY RESULTS Treatment with paclitaxel increased both mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia in mice (C57BL/6 and CD1 strains). Kinin receptor deficient mice (B₁, or B₂ receptor knock-out and B₁B₂ receptor, double knock-out) presented a significant reduction in paclitaxel-induced hypernociceptive responses in comparison to wild-type animals. Treatment of CD1 mice with kinin receptor antagonists (DALBK for B₁ or Hoe 140 for B₂ receptors) significantly inhibited both mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia when tested at 7 and 14 days after the first paclitaxel injection. DALBK and Hoe 140 were also effective against paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy when given intrathecally or i.c.v. A marked increase in B₁ receptor mRNA was observed in the mouse thalamus, parietal and pre-frontal cortex from 7 days after the first paclitaxel treatment. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Kinins acting on both B₁ and B₂ receptors, expressed in spinal and supra-spinal sites, played a crucial role in controlling the hypernociceptive state caused by chronic treatment with paclitaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robson Costa
- Department of Pharmacology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Barth M, Bondoux M, Luccarini JM, Peyrou V, Dodey P, Pruneau D, Massardier C, Paquet JL. From bradykinin B2 receptor antagonists to orally active and selective bradykinin B1 receptor antagonists. J Med Chem 2012; 55:2574-84. [PMID: 22369198 DOI: 10.1021/jm2016057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The bradykinin (BK) B1 receptor is an attractive target for the treatment of chronic pain and inflammation. Starting from a dual B1 and B2 antagonist, novel antagonists were designed that display low-nanomolar affinity for human B1 receptor and selectivity over B2. Initially, potent imidazoline derivatives were studied, but these compounds suffered from low bioavailability. This issue could be overcome by the use of less basic amino derivatives leading to orally active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Barth
- Department of Chemical Design and Synthesis, Clinical Candidate Selection, Laboratoires Fournier, 50 Rue de Dijon, 21121 Daix, France.
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Bishop T, Ballard A, Holmes H, Young AR, McMahon SB. Ultraviolet-B induced inflammation of human skin: Characterisation and comparison with traditional models of hyperlagesia. Eur J Pain 2012; 13:524-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpain.2008.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2008] [Revised: 05/27/2008] [Accepted: 06/07/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Huang H, Player MR. Bradykinin B1 receptor antagonists as potential therapeutic agents for pain. J Med Chem 2010; 53:5383-99. [PMID: 20369879 DOI: 10.1021/jm1000776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Huang
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477-0776, USA
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20
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Bradykinin and nerve growth factor play pivotal roles in muscular mechanical hyperalgesia after exercise (delayed-onset muscle soreness). J Neurosci 2010; 30:3752-61. [PMID: 20220009 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3803-09.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Unaccustomed strenuous exercise that includes lengthening contraction (LC) often causes delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS), a kind of muscular mechanical hyperalgesia. The substances that induce this phenomenon are largely unknown. Peculiarly, DOMS is not perceived during and shortly after exercise, but rather is first perceived after approximately 1 d. Using B(2) bradykinin receptor antagonist HOE 140, we show here that bradykinin released during exercise plays a pivotal role in triggering the process that leads to muscular mechanical hyperalgesia. HOE 140 completely suppressed the development of muscular mechanical hyperalgesia when injected before LC, but when injected 2 d after LC failed to reverse mechanical hyperalgesia that had already developed. B(1) antagonist was ineffective, regardless of the timing of its injection. Upregulation of nerve growth factor (NGF) mRNA and protein occurred in exercised muscle over a comparable time course (12 h to 2 d after LC) for muscle mechanical hyperalgesia. Antibodies to NGF injected intramuscularly 2 d after exercise reversed muscle mechanical hyperalgesia. HOE 140 inhibited the upregulation of NGF. In contrast, shortening contraction or stretching induced neither mechanical hyperalgesia nor NGF upregulation. Bradykinin together with shortening contraction, but not bradykinin alone, reproduced lasting mechanical hyperalgesia. We also showed that rat NGF sensitized thin-fiber afferents to mechanical stimulation in the periphery after 10-20 min. Thus, NGF upregulation through activation of B(2) bradykinin receptors is essential (though not satisfactory) to mechanical hyperalgesia after exercise. The present observations explain why DOMS occurs with a delay, and why lengthening contraction but not shortening contraction induces DOMS.
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21
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Costa R, Manjavachi MN, Motta EM, Marotta DM, Juliano L, Torres HA, Pesquero JB, Calixto JB. The role of kinin B1 and B2 receptors in the scratching behaviour induced by proteinase-activated receptor-2 agonists in mice. Br J Pharmacol 2010; 159:888-97. [PMID: 20067469 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00571.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Activation of the proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) induces scratching behaviour in mice. Here, we have investigated the role of kinin B(1) and B(2) receptors in the pruritogenic response elicited by activators of PAR-2. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Scratching was induced by an intradermal (i.d.) injection of trypsin or the selective PAR-2 activating peptide SLIGRL-NH(2) at the back of the mouse neck. The animals were observed for 40 min and their scratching response was quantified. KEY RESULTS I.d. injection of trypsin or SLIGRL-NH(2) evoked a scratching behaviour, dependent on PAR-2 activation. Mice genetically deficient in kinin B(1) or B(2) receptors exhibited reduced scratching behaviour after i.d. injection of trypsin or SLIGRL-NH(2). Treatment (i.p.) with the non-peptide B(1) or B(2)receptor antagonists SSR240612 and FR173657, respectively, prevented the scratching behaviour caused by trypsin or SLIGRL-NH(2). Nonetheless, only treatment i.p. with the peptide B(2)receptor antagonist, Hoe 140, but not the B(1)receptor antagonist (DALBK), inhibited the pruritogenic response to trypsin. Hoe 140 was also effective against SLIGRL-NH(2)-induced scratching behaviour when injected by i.d. or intrathecal (i.t.) routes. Also, the response to SLIGRL-NH(2) was inhibited by i.t. (but not by i.d.) treatment with DALBK. Conversely, neither Hoe 140 nor DALBK were able to inhibit SLIGRL-NH(2)-induced scratching behaviour when given intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The present results demonstrated that kinins acting on both B(1) and B(2) receptors played a crucial role in controlling the pruriceptive signalling triggered by PAR-2 activation in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robson Costa
- Department of Pharmacology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Fujita M, Andoh T, Ohashi K, Akira A, Saiki I, Kuraishi Y. Roles of kinin B1 and B2 receptors in skin cancer pain produced by orthotopic melanoma inoculation in mice. Eur J Pain 2009; 14:588-94. [PMID: 19932979 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpain.2009.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2009] [Revised: 10/12/2009] [Accepted: 10/18/2009] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although bradykinin is a potent algogenic peptide, the roles of this peptide and kinin receptors in cancer pain are unclear. AIMS The present study was conducted to clarify whether kinin B(1) and B(2) receptors would be involved in pain using a mouse model of skin cancer pain. METHODS B16-BL6 melanoma cells were inoculated into the hind paw of C57BL/6 mice. Licking, an index of spontaneous pain, allodynia and hyperalgesia were observed. Expression of kinin receptor mRNAs was analyzed with reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction. The contents of kininogen and bradykinin-related peptides were assayed with Western blotting and enzyme immunoassay, respectively. RESULTS Melanoma inoculation induced spontaneous licking of the melanoma-bearing paw from day 18 post-inoculation, which was inhibited by local injections of B(1) and B(2) receptor antagonists. Allodynia was briefly attenuated by B(2), but not B(1) antagonist and hyperalgesia was not inhibited by either B(1) or B(2) antagonist. Local injections of B(1) and B(2) receptor agonists increased licking behavior in melanoma-bearing, but not healthy, paw. The expression of kinin B(1), but not B(2), receptor mRNA was markedly increased in the L4/5 dorsal root ganglia on the melanoma-bearing side. Melanoma cells expressed B(1) and B(2) receptors and kininogen. The content of bradykinin and related peptides was increased in the melanoma mass as compared with healthy skin. CONCLUSIONS Bradykinin and related peptides released from melanoma cells may cause spontaneous pain and allodynia in the melanoma-bearing paw, in which B(1) and B(2) receptors on primary afferent and melanoma cells may have different roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahide Fujita
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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Pethő G, Reeh PW. Effects of Bradykinin on Nociceptors. NEUROGENIC INFLAMMATION IN HEALTH AND DISEASE 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-7443(08)10407-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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Luo MC, Chen Q, Ossipov MH, Rankin DR, Porreca F, Lai J. Spinal dynorphin and bradykinin receptors maintain inflammatory hyperalgesia. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2008; 9:1096-105. [PMID: 18976961 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2008.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2007] [Revised: 05/24/2008] [Accepted: 06/06/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED An upregulation of the endogenous opioid, dynorphin A, in the spinal cord is seen in multiple experimental models of chronic pain. Recent findings implicate a direct excitatory action of dynorphin A at bradykinin receptors to promote hyperalgesia in nerve injured rats, and its upregulation may promote, rather than counteract, enhanced nociceptive input due to injury. Here we examined a model of inflammatory pain by unilateral injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) into the rat hind paw. Rats exhibited tactile hypersensitivity and thermal hyperalgesia in the inflamed paw by 6 hours after CFA injection, whereas a significant elevation of prodynorphin transcripts in the lumbar spinal cord was seen at day 3 but not at 6 hours. Thermal hyperalgesia at day 3, but not at 6 hours, after CFA injection was blocked by intrathecal administration of anti-dynorphin antiserum or by bradykinin receptor antagonists. The antihyperalgesic effect of the latter was not due to de novo production of bradykinin or upregulation of spinal bradykinin receptors. These data suggest that elevated spinal dynorphin on peripheral inflammation mediates chronic inflammatory hyperalgesia. The antihyperalgesic effect of bradykinin receptor antagonists requires the presence of upregulated spinal dynorphin but not of de novo production of bradykinin, supporting our hypothesis that pathological levels of dynorphin may activate spinal bradykinin receptors to mediate inflammatory hyperalgesia. PERSPECTIVE This study shows that chronic peripheral inflammation induces a significant upregulation of the endogenous opioid peptide dynorphin. Elevated levels of spinal dynorphin and activation of spinal bradykinin receptors are essential to maintain inflammatory hyperalgesia. The results suggest that blockade of spinal bradykinin receptors may have therapeutic potential in chronic inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaw-Chyi Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
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25
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Dray A. New Horizons in Pharmacologic Treatment for Rheumatic Disease Pain. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2008; 34:481-505. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rdc.2008.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Read SJ, Dray A. Osteoarthritic pain: a review of current, theoretical and emerging therapeutics. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2008; 17:619-40. [DOI: 10.1517/13543784.17.5.619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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27
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Wang S, Dai Y, Fukuoka T, Yamanaka H, Kobayashi K, Obata K, Cui X, Tominaga M, Noguchi K. Phospholipase C and protein kinase A mediate bradykinin sensitization of TRPA1: a molecular mechanism of inflammatory pain. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 131:1241-51. [PMID: 18356188 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awn060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Bradykinin is an inflammatory mediator that plays a pivotal role in pain and hyperalgesia in inflamed tissues by exciting and/or sensitizing nociceptors. TRPA1 is an important component of the transduction machinery through which environmental irritants and endogenous proalgesic agents depolarize nociceptors to elicit inflammatory pain. Here, using electrophysiological, immunocytochemical and behavioural analyses, we showed a functional interaction of these two inflammation-related molecules in both heterologous expressing systems and primary sensory neurons. We found that bradykinin increased the TRPA1 currents evoked by allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) or cinnamaldehyde in HEK293 cells expressing TRPA1 and bradykinin receptor 2 (B2R). This potentiation was inhibited by phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor or protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor, and mimicked by PLC or PKA activator. The functional interaction between B2R and TRPA1, as well as the modulation mechanism, was also observed in rat dorsal root ganglia neurons. In an occlusion experiment, the PLC activator could enhance AITC-induced TRPA1 current further even in saturated PKA-mediated potentiation, indicating the additive potentiating effects of the PLC and PKA pathways. These data for the first time indicate that a cAMP-PKA signalling is involved in the downstream from B2R in dorsal root ganglia neurons in addition to PLC. Finally, subcutaneous pre-injection of a sub-inflammatory dose of bradykinin into rat hind paw enhanced AITC-induced pain behaviours, which was consistent with the observations in vitro. Collectively, these results represent a novel mechanism through which bradykinin released in response to tissue inflammation might trigger the sensation of pain by TRPA1 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglan Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
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Interleukin-1β enhances the action of bradykinin in rat myenteric neurons through up-regulation of glial B1 receptor expression. Neuroscience 2008; 151:222-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2007] [Revised: 09/18/2007] [Accepted: 09/28/2007] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Ferreira J, Trichês KM, Medeiros R, Cabrini DA, Mori MAS, Pesquero JB, Bader M, Calixto JB. The role of kinin B1 receptors in the nociception produced by peripheral protein kinase C activation in mice. Neuropharmacology 2007; 54:597-604. [PMID: 18164734 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2007.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2007] [Revised: 11/08/2007] [Accepted: 11/09/2007] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The peripheral injection of phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) into the mouse paw induces nociception mediated through activation of protein kinase C (PKC). In the present study, we examine the contribution of kinin B1 receptor to PMA-induced nociception. Nociception was assessed after intraplantar injection of PMA or the B1 receptor agonist des-Arg9-bradykinin in mice. Mechanisms of nociception were studied using the combination of knockout mice, selective drugs, and measurement of B1 receptor mRNA and protein levels. Peripheral injection of PMA (50 pmol/paw) induced a nociceptive behaviour that was abolished by selective B1 receptor antagonist des-Arg9-Leu8-bradykinin or by the B1 receptor gene deletion. Moreover, PMA treatment did not alter B1 receptor mRNA levels, but greatly increased B1 receptor protein levels in the mouse paw. The injection of des-Arg9-bradykinin did not cause nociception in naive mice, but produced marked nociception in animals previously treated with a low dose of PMA (0.5 nmol/paw). The co-treatment of PMA with selective PKC or protein synthesis inhibitors, but not with p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) or transcription inhibitors significantly reduced des-Arg9-bradykinin-induced nociception. On the other hand, the co-administration of selective PKC or p38 MAPK inhibitors, but not of protein synthesis or transcription inhibitors, reduced des-Arg9-bradykinin-induced nociception when evaluated in PMA pre-injected animals. These results suggest that the B1 receptor exerts a critical role in the nociception caused by PKC activation in peripheral tissues. Since the PKC pathway is downstream of several pro-inflammatory mediators, B1 receptor stimulation appears to contribute to the acute inflammatory pain process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliano Ferreira
- Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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Petcu M, Dias JP, Ongali B, Thibault G, Neugebauer W, Couture R. Role of kinin B1 and B2 receptors in a rat model of neuropathic pain. Int Immunopharmacol 2007; 8:188-96. [PMID: 18182225 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2007.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2007] [Revised: 08/31/2007] [Accepted: 09/06/2007] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Kinin B1 and B2 receptor (R) gene expression (mRNA) is increased in the sensory system after peripheral nerve injury. This study measured the densities of B1R and B2R binding sites in the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) by quantitative autoradiography, and evaluated the effects of two selective non-peptide antagonists at B1R (LF22-0542) and B2R (LF16-0687) on pain behavior after partial ligation of the left sciatic nerve. Increases of B1R binding sites were seen in superficial laminae of the ipsi- and contralateral spinal cord at 2 and 14 days while B2R binding sites were increased on the ipsilateral side at 2 days and on both sides at 14 days. In DRG, B1R and B2R binding sites were significantly increased at 2 days (ipsilateral) and 14 days on both sides. Whereas tactile allodynia started to develop progressively from 2 to 25 days post-ligation, the occurrence of cold allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia became significant from day 8 and day 14 post-ligation, respectively. At day 21 after sciatic nerve ligation, thermal hyperalgesia was blocked by LF22-0542 (10 mg/kg, s.c.) and LF16-0687 (3 mg/kg, s.c.), yet both antagonists had no effect on tactile and cold allodynia. Data highlight the implication of both kinin receptors in thermal hyperalgesia but not in tactile and cold allodynia associated with peripheral nerve injury. Hence LF22-0542 and LF16-0687 present therapeutic potential for the treatment of some aspects of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Petcu
- Département de Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7
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Cai M, Chen T, Quirion R, Hong Y. The involvement of spinal bovine adrenal medulla 22-like peptide, the proenkephalin derivative, in modulation of nociceptive processing. Eur J Neurosci 2007; 26:1128-38. [PMID: 17767492 DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2007.05755.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bovine adrenal medulla 22 (BAM22), one of the cleavage products of proenkephalin A, possesses high affinity for opioid receptors and sensory neuron-specific receptor (SNSR). The present study was designed to examine the expression of BAM22 in the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) of naive rats as well as in a model of inflammation. BAM22-like immunoreactivity (BAM22-IR) was expressed in fibers in the spinal cord, with high density seen in lamina I in naïve rats. The expression of BAM22-IR in the superficial laminae was greatly reduced following dorsal rhizotomy. BAM22-IR was also located in 19% of DRG cells, mainly in the small- and medium-sized subpopulations. Following injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) in the hindpaw, the expression of BAM22-IR in the superficial laminae of the spinal cord and small-sized DRG neurons on the ipsilateral side was markedly increased. Double labeling showed that the Fos-positive nucleus was surrounded by BAM22-IR cytoplasm in the spinal dorsal horn neurons or closely associated with BAM22-IR fibers in the superficial laminae. Furthermore, CFA-induced mechanical allodynia in the inflamed paw was potentiated by intrathecal administration of anti-BAM22 antibody. Together, these results demonstrate for the first time that BAM22-like peptide is mainly located in the superficial laminae of the spinal cord and mostly originates from nociceptive DRG neurons. BAM22 could thus act as a ligand for presynaptic opioid receptors and SNSR. Our study also provides evidence suggesting that BAM22 plays a role in the modulation of nociceptive processing at the spinal level under normal and inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meifang Cai
- Key Provincial Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Neuroscience, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China, 350108
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Dias JP, Ismael MA, Pilon M, de Champlain J, Ferrari B, Carayon P, Couture R. The kinin B1 receptor antagonist SSR240612 reverses tactile and cold allodynia in an experimental rat model of insulin resistance. Br J Pharmacol 2007; 152:280-7. [PMID: 17618300 PMCID: PMC1978253 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0707388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Diabetes causes sensory polyneuropathy with associated pain in the form of tactile allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia which are often intractable and resistant to current therapy. This study tested the beneficial effects of the non-peptide and orally active kinin B(1) receptor antagonist SSR240612 against tactile and cold allodynia in a rat model of insulin resistance. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Rats were fed with 10% D-glucose for 12 weeks and effects of orally administered SSR240612 (0.3-30 mg kg(-1)) were determined on the development of tactile and cold allodynia. Possible interference of SSR240612 with vascular oxidative stress and pancreatic function was also addressed. KEY RESULTS Glucose-fed rats exhibited tactile and cold allodynia, increases in systolic blood pressure and higher plasma levels of insulin and glucose, at 12 weeks. SSR240612 blocked tactile and cold allodynia at 3 h (ID(50)=5.5 and 7.1 mg kg(-1), respectively) in glucose-fed rats but had no effect in control rats. The antagonist (10 mg kg(-1)) had no effect on plasma glucose and insulin, insulin resistance (HOMA index) and aortic superoxide anion production in glucose-fed rats. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS We provide the first evidence that the B(1) receptors are involved in allodynia in an experimental rat model of insulin resistance. Allodynia was alleviated by SSR240612 most likely through a direct inhibition of B(1) receptors affecting spinal cord and/or sensory nerve excitation. Thus, orally active non-peptide B(1) receptor antagonists should have clinical therapeutic potential in the treatment of sensory polyneuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Dias
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - M A Ismael
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - M Pilon
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - J de Champlain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - B Ferrari
- Sanofi-Aventis R&D Montpellier, France
| | - P Carayon
- Sanofi-Aventis R&D Montpellier, France
| | - R Couture
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Author for correspondence:
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Kuduk SD, DiPardo RM, Chang RK, Di Marco CN, Murphy KL, Ransom RW, Reiss DR, Tang C, Prueksaritanont T, Pettibone DJ, Bock MG. Bradykinin B1 antagonists: Biphenyl SAR studies in the cyclopropanecarboxamide series. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:3608-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2007] [Revised: 04/16/2007] [Accepted: 04/17/2007] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Werner MFP, Kassuya CAL, Ferreira J, Zampronio AR, Calixto JB, Rae GA. Peripheral kinin B1 and B2 receptor-operated mechanisms are implicated in neuropathic nociception induced by spinal nerve ligation in rats. Neuropharmacology 2007; 53:48-57. [PMID: 17555775 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2007.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2007] [Revised: 03/30/2007] [Accepted: 04/12/2007] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The kinin system can contribute distinctly to the sensory changes associated with different models of nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain. This study examines the roles of kinin B(1) and B(2) receptor-operated mechanisms in alterations in nociceptive responses of rats submitted to unilateral L5/L6 spinal nerve ligation (SNL) injury. Behavioural responses to ipsilateral hind paw stimulation with acetone (evaporation-evoked cooling), radiant heat (Hargreaves method) or von Frey hairs revealed that SNL rats developed long-lasting cold allodynia (from Days 3 to 40 post-surgery, peak on Day 6), heat hyperalgesia (stable peak from Days 9 to 36) and tactile allodynia (stable peak from Days 3 to 51). SNL rats manifested nocifensive responses to intraplantar injections on Day 12 of the selective B(1) receptor agonist des-Arg(9)-bradykinin (DABK) and augmented responses to the selective B(2) receptor agonist bradykinin (BK; each at 0.01-1nmol/paw). Systemic treatment of SNL rats with des-Arg(9)-Leu(8)-BK or HOE 140 (peptidic B(1) and B(2) receptor antagonists, respectively; 0.1-1mumol/kg, i.p.) selectively blocked responses triggered by DABK and BK (1nmol/paw) and alleviated partially and transiently established cold allodynia, heat hyperalgesia and (to a lesser extent) tactile allodynia. Western blot analysis revealed enhanced expression of kinin B(1) and B(2) receptor protein in ipsilateral L4-L6 spinal nerve and hind paw skin samples collected on Day 12 after SNL surgery. These results indicate that peripheral pronociceptive kinin B(1) and B(2) receptor-operated mechanisms contribute significantly to the maintenance of hind paw cold and mechanical allodynia and heat hyperalgesia induced by L5/L6 SNL in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F P Werner
- Department of Pharmacology, Biological Sciences Center, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88048-900 SC, Brazil
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35
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Kumar VL, Sehgal R. Calotropis procera latex-induced inflammatory hyperalgesia ? effect of bradyzide and morphine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 27:143-9. [PMID: 17584444 DOI: 10.1111/j.1474-8673.2007.00405.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
1 The milky white latex of the plant Calotropis procera induces inflammatory response upon accidental exposure and on local administration that could be effectively ameliorated by antihistaminic and standard anti-inflammatory drugs. 2 The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anti-oedematogenic and analgesic effect of the bradykinin antagonist, bradyzide (BDZ) and the opioidergic analgesic, morphine (Mor) against inflammatory hyperalgesia induced by the dried latex (DL) of C. procera in the rat paw oedema model. 3 An aqueous solution of DL (0.1 ml of 1% solution) was injected into the sub-plantar surface of the rat paw and the paw volume was measured at different time intervals. The inhibitory effect of bradyzide and morphine on oedema formation and hyperalgesic response was compared with that of cyproheptadine (CPH), a potent inhibitor of DL-induced oedema formation. 4 The hyperalgesic response was evaluated by the dorsal flexion pain test, compression test and by observing motility, stair-climbing ability, and the grooming behaviour of the rats. 5 The effect of these drugs was also evaluated against DL-induced writhings in the mouse model. 6 Both bradyzide and morphine inhibited DL-induced oedema formation by 30-40% and CPH was more effective in this regard (81% inhibition). The antihyperalgesic effect of both the drugs was more pronounced than that of CPH. Both bradyzide and morphine markedly inhibited the grooming behaviour and the effect of morphine could be reversed by pretreatment with naloxone. 7 Thus, our study shows that DL-induced oedema formation is effectively inhibited by antihistaminic/antiserotonergic drug and associated hyperalgesia by analgesic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay L Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi - 110029, India
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36
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Hawkinson JE, Szoke BG, Garofalo AW, Hom DS, Zhang H, Dreyer M, Fukuda JY, Chen L, Samant B, Simmonds S, Zeitz KP, Wadsworth A, Liao A, Chavez RA, Zmolek W, Ruslim L, Bova MP, Holcomb R, Butelman ER, Ko MC, Malmberg AB. Pharmacological, Pharmacokinetic, and Primate Analgesic Efficacy Profile of the Novel Bradykinin B1 Receptor Antagonist ELN441958. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2007; 322:619-30. [PMID: 17470643 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.107.120352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The bradykinin B(1) receptor plays a critical role in chronic pain and inflammation, although efforts to demonstrate efficacy of receptor antagonists have been hampered by species-dependent potency differences, metabolic instability, and low oral exposure of current agents. The pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and analgesic efficacy of the novel benzamide B(1) receptor antagonist 7-chloro-2-[3-(9-pyridin-4-yl-3,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecanecarbonyl)phenyl]-2,3-dihydro-isoindol-1-one (ELN441958) is described. ELN441958 competitively inhibited the binding of the B(1) agonist ligand [(3)H]desArg(10)-kallidin ([(3)H]DAKD) to IMR-90 human fibroblast membranes with high affinity (K(i) = 0.26 +/- 0.02 nM). ELN441958 potently antagonized DAKD (but not bradykinin)-induced calcium mobilization in IMR-90 cells, indicating that it is highly selective for B(1) over B(2) receptors. Antagonism of agonist-induced calcium responses at B(1) receptors from different species indicated that ELN441958 is selective for primate over rodent B(1) receptors with a rank order potency (K(B), nanomolar) of human (0.12 +/- 0.02) approximately rhesus monkey (0.24 +/- 0.01) > rat (1.5 +/- 0.4) > mouse (14 +/- 4). ELN441958 had good permeability and metabolic stability in vitro consistent with high oral exposure and moderate plasma half-lives in rats and rhesus monkeys. Because ELN441958 is up to 120-fold more potent at primate than at rodent B(1) receptors, it was evaluated in a primate pain model. ELN441958 dose-dependently reduced carrageenan-induced thermal hyperalgesia in a rhesus monkey tail-withdrawal model, with an ED(50) approximately 3 mg/kg s.c. Naltrexone had no effect on the antihyperalgesia produced by ELN441958, indicating a lack of involvement of opioid receptors. ELN441958 is a novel small molecule bradykinin B(1) receptor antagonist exhibiting high oral bioavailability and potent systemic efficacy in rhesus monkey inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon E Hawkinson
- Lead Discovery and Optimization, Elan Pharmaceuticals, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
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37
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Abstract
Clinical presentation of osteoarthritis (OA) is dominated by pain during joint use and at rest. OA pain is caused by aberrant functioning of a pathologically altered nervous system with key mechanistic drivers from peripheral nerves and central pain pathways. This review focuses on symptomatic pain therapy exemplified by molecular targets that alter sensitization and hyperexcitability of the nervous system, for example, opioids and cannabinoids. We highlight opportunities for targeting inflammatory mediators and their key receptors (for example, prostanoids, kinins, cytokines and chemokines), ion channels (for example, NaV1.8, NaV1.7 and CaV2.2) and neurotrophins (for example, nerve growth factor), noting evidence that relates to their participation in OA etiology and treatment. Future neurological treatments of pain appear optimistic but will require the systematic evaluation of emerging opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Dray
- AstraZeneca R&D Montreal, Frederick Banting St, Montreal H4S 1Z9, Canada
| | - Simon J Read
- AstraZeneca R&D, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, UK
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38
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Campos MM, Leal PC, Yunes RA, Calixto JB. Non-peptide antagonists for kinin B1 receptors: new insights into their therapeutic potential for the management of inflammation and pain. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2006; 27:646-51. [PMID: 17056130 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2006.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2006] [Revised: 09/04/2006] [Accepted: 10/09/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Kinin B1 and B2 receptors are central to the aetiology of pain and inflammation. Constitutive B2 receptors are commonly associated with the acute phase of inflammation and nociception, whereas the inducible B1 receptors are mostly linked to the chronic or persistent phase (or both). Therefore, selective, orally active kinin B1 receptor antagonists could be potentially therapeutic. B1 receptor antagonists have long been exclusively peptides, but recently a few non-peptide representatives have been identified. The clinical potential of these non-peptide molecules has not yet been evaluated, but they might have a role in treating persistent inflammation and pain, especially when no satisfactory therapy is available. This review summarizes recent advances in the identification and the potential therapeutic properties of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M Campos
- Department of Pharmacology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88049-900, Brazil
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Lai J, Luo MC, Chen Q, Ma S, Gardell LR, Ossipov MH, Porreca F. Dynorphin A activates bradykinin receptors to maintain neuropathic pain. Nat Neurosci 2006; 9:1534-40. [PMID: 17115041 DOI: 10.1038/nn1804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2006] [Accepted: 10/25/2006] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Dynorphin A is an endogenous opioid peptide that produces non-opioid receptor-mediated neural excitation. Here we demonstrate that dynorphin induces calcium influx via voltage-sensitive calcium channels in sensory neurons by activating bradykinin receptors. This action of dynorphin at bradykinin receptors is distinct from the primary signaling pathway activated by bradykinin and underlies the hyperalgesia produced by pharmacological administration of dynorphin by the spinal route in rats and mice. Blockade of spinal B1 or B2 receptor also reverses persistent neuropathic pain but only when there is sustained elevation of endogenous spinal dynorphin, which is required for maintenance of neuropathic pain. These data reveal a mechanism for endogenous dynorphin to promote pain through its agonist action at bradykinin receptors and suggest new avenues for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, 1501 N. Campbell Ave., Tucson, Arizona 85724, USA.
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Abstract
Cancer pain significantly affects the diagnosis, quality of life and survival of patients with cancer. During the past decade, preclinical and clinical data has begun to provide insight into the mechanisms that drive and mask cancer pain and the mechanisms by which anti-neoplastic agents induce peripheral neuropathy. Developing a mechanism-based understanding and mechanism-based therapies to treat cancer-associated pain and sensory neuropathy, and incorporating these into mainstream cancer research and therapy, will be crucial to improving the quality of life and survival of patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick W Mantyh
- Neurosystems Center, 18-208 Moos Tower, University of Minnesota, 515 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
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Halvorson KG, Sevcik MA, Ghilardi JR, Rosol TJ, Mantyh PW. Similarities and Differences in Tumor Growth, Skeletal Remodeling and Pain in an Osteolytic and Osteoblastic Model of Bone Cancer. Clin J Pain 2006; 22:587-600. [PMID: 16926574 DOI: 10.1097/01.ajp.0000210902.67849.e6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
More than 1.3 million cases of cancer will be diagnosed in 2006 in the United States alone, and 90% of patients with advanced cancer will experience significant, life-altering cancer-induced pain. Bone cancer pain is the most common pain in patients with advanced cancer as most common tumors including breast, prostate, and lung have a remarkable affinity to metastasize to bone. Once tumors metastasize to bone they are a major cause of morbidity and mortality as the tumor induces significant skeletal remodeling, pain and anemia, which reduce the survival and quality of life of the patient. Currently, the factors that drive cancer pain are poorly understood; however, several recently introduced models of cancer pain are not only providing insight into the mechanisms that drive bone cancer pain but are guiding the development of novel mechanism-based therapies to treat the pain and skeletal remodeling that accompanies metatstatic bone cancer. As analgesics can also influence disease progression, findings from these studies may lead to therapies that have the potential to improve the quality of life and survival of patients with skeletal malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle G Halvorson
- Neurosystems Center and Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, 55455, USA
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42
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Staton PC, Wilson AW, Bountra C, Chessell IP, Day NC. Changes in dorsal root ganglion CGRP expression in a chronic inflammatory model of the rat knee joint: differential modulation by rofecoxib and paracetamol. Eur J Pain 2006; 11:283-9. [PMID: 16690336 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpain.2006.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2005] [Revised: 03/09/2006] [Accepted: 03/27/2006] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Neuropeptide-expressing small diameter sensory neurones are thought to be vital in generating inflammatory hyperalgesic responses. Within the dorsal root ganglion (DRG), both the levels of the neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and the numbers of CGRP-immunoreactive (CGRP-IR) DRG neurones have been shown to increase in a number of acute adjuvant-induced inflammatory pain models. The aim of this study was to look specifically at changes in numbers of CGRP-IR DRG neurones in a chronic model of inflammatory joint pain following complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) injection into the rat knee. In this model, there were significant increases in the number of ipsilateral CGRP-IR small DRG neurones at days 1, 16 and 35 following intra-articular CFA, compared to saline-injected sham animals. This correlated with the behavioural readouts of hypersensitivity and knee joint inflammation at the same time points. There was also a significant increase in the number of ipsilateral CGRP-IR medium DRG neurones and contralateral CGRP-IR small DRG neurones at day 1. Following dosing of CFA-injected rats with rofecoxib (Vioxx) or paracetamol, there was a significant decrease in the number of ipsilateral CGRP-IR small and medium DRG neurones in rofecoxib- but not paracetamol-treated rats. These data also correlated with behavioural readouts where hypersensitivity and knee joint inflammation were significantly reduced by rofecoxib but not paracetamol treatment. In conclusion, these data show that changes in ipsilateral CGRP expression within small DRG neurones are consistent with behavioural readouts in both time course, rofecoxib and paracetamol studies in this model of chronic inflammatory pain.
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MESH Headings
- Acetaminophen/pharmacology
- Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/pharmacology
- Animals
- Arthritis, Experimental/drug therapy
- Arthritis, Experimental/metabolism
- Arthritis, Experimental/physiopathology
- Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide/metabolism
- Cell Size
- Chronic Disease
- Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Freund's Adjuvant
- Ganglia, Spinal/drug effects
- Ganglia, Spinal/metabolism
- Hyperalgesia/drug therapy
- Hyperalgesia/metabolism
- Hyperalgesia/physiopathology
- Immunohistochemistry
- Lactones/pharmacology
- Male
- Neurons, Afferent/drug effects
- Neurons, Afferent/metabolism
- Osteoarthritis, Knee/drug therapy
- Osteoarthritis, Knee/metabolism
- Osteoarthritis, Knee/physiopathology
- Rats
- Sulfones/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Penny C Staton
- Pain Research Department, Neurology and GI Centre of Excellence for Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development Ltd., New Frontiers Science Park, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, United Kingdom.
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43
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Abstract
Pain hypersensitivity after tissue injury and inflammation is contributed to by a reduction in the threshold and an increase in the responsiveness of the peripheral terminals of high-threshold nociceptor neurons, the phenomenon of peripheral sensitization. Bradykinin, acting via G-protein-coupled receptors expressed by the sensory neurons, links to multiple intracellular signaling pathways that in turn interact with voltage-gated and ligand-gated ion channels, changing their properties in such a way as to enhance the response to peripheral stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibin Wang
- Neural Plasticity Research Group, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
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44
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Mattos WM, Ferreira J, Richetti GP, Niero R, Yunes RA, Calixto JB. Antinociceptive properties produced by the pregnane compound velutinol A isolated from Mandevilla velutina. Neuropeptides 2006; 40:125-32. [PMID: 16494941 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2005.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2005] [Revised: 12/22/2005] [Accepted: 12/28/2005] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Velutinol A is a pregnane compound isolated from the rhizomes of the Brazilian plant Mandevilla velutina that interferes with kinin actions and possesses anti-inflammatory action. Here, we investigate the effect produced by velutinol A in different models of inflammatory nociception. The nociceptive effect caused by the intraplantar injection of phorbol myristate acetate (PMA, 50 pmol/paw) in mice was practically abolished by coadministration of velutinol A (1-10 nmol/paw). In contrast, the coadministration of velutinol A (10 nmol/paw) failed to affect the nociceptive response elicited by either bradykinin (BK, 10 nmol/paw) or prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2), 10 nmol/paw). Of note, velutinol A (10 nmol/paw) partially inhibited the nociceptive response caused by capsaicin (1 nmol/paw). However, velutinol A (10 microM) did not significantly interfere with the specific binding sites of [(3)H]resiniferatoxin or [(3)H]BK in vitro. Our data also suggest that these effects are related with its ability to interact with kinin B(1) receptor-mediated mechanisms, as the cotreatment of mice with velutinol A (10 nmol/paw) consistently blocked the nociceptive response induced by the selective B(1) receptor agonist des-Arg(9)-BK. Finally, the persistent hyperalgesia produced by intraplantar injection of carrageenan (300 microg/paw) was completely reversed by the coadministration of velutinol A (10 nmol/paw). Collectively, the present results show that the pregnane compound velutinol A produces peripheral antinociceptive action in some models of acute and persistent inflammatory pain by interacting with kinin B(1)-receptor mediated effects. Thus, velutinol A or its derivatives could constitute an attractive molecule of interest for the development of new analgesic drugs. Additional studies are now in progress in order to further explore its precise mechanism of action on B(1) receptor pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilian M Mattos
- Department of Pharmacology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitario-Trindade, Bloco D-CCB - Cx., Postal: 476, CEP: 88049-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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45
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Ferreira J, Beirith A, Mori MAS, Araújo RC, Bader M, Pesquero JB, Calixto JB. Reduced nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain in kinin B1 receptor knock-out mice. J Neurosci 2006; 25:2405-12. [PMID: 15745967 PMCID: PMC6726078 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2466-04.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Injury to peripheral nerves often results in a persistent neuropathic pain condition that is characterized by spontaneous pain, allodynia, and hyperalgesia. Nerve injury is accompanied by a local inflammatory reaction in which nerve-associated and immune cells release several pronociceptive mediators. Kinin B1 receptors are rarely expressed in nontraumatized tissues, but they can be expressed after tissue injury. Because B1 receptors mediate chronic inflammatory painful processes, we studied their participation in neuropathic pain using receptor gene-deleted mice. In the absence of neuropathy, we found no difference in the paw-withdrawal responses to thermal or mechanical stimulation between B1 receptor knock-out mice and 129/J wild-type mice. Partial ligation of the sciatic nerve in the wild-type mouse produced a profound and long-lasting decrease in thermal and mechanical thresholds in the paw ipsilateral to nerve lesion. Threshold changed neither in the sham-operated animals nor in the paw contralateral to lesion. Ablation of the gene for the B1 receptor resulted in a significant reduction in early stages of mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. Furthermore, systemic treatment with the B1 selective receptor antagonist des-Arg9-[Leu8]-bradykinin reduced the established mechanical allodynia observed 7-28 d after nerve lesion in wild-type mice. Partial sciatic nerve ligation induced an upregulation in B1 receptor mRNA in ipsilateral paw, sciatic nerve, and spinal cord of wild-type mice. Together, kinin B1 receptor activation seems to be essential to neuropathic pain development, suggesting that an oral-selective B1 receptor antagonist might have therapeutic potential in the management of chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliano Ferreira
- Department of Pharmacology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88015-420 Florianópolis, Brazil.
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46
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Abstract
The specific pathway of "pure," histaminergic itch is traced from the mechano-insensitive nerve fibers in the skin to their central cortical projections. Neuropathic itch created at different levels of this anatomical pathway is reviewed. In this review the present author discusses damage to pruritoceptors in the skin, entrapment syndromes, damage to spinal ganglia, nerve root impingement, injury of the spinal cord, and cerebral damage in the distribution of the middle cerebral artery, capsula interna, or thalamus. Itch in inflamed skin resulting from interactions between nerve transmitters and other mediators of inflammation is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Wallengren
- Department of Dermatology, Clinical Sciences, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
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47
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Ambalavanar R, Moutanni A, Dessem D. Inflammation of craniofacial muscle induces widespread mechanical allodynia. Neurosci Lett 2006; 399:249-54. [PMID: 16510243 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2006.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2005] [Revised: 01/31/2006] [Accepted: 02/02/2006] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The modulation of behavioral responses evoked by local and distant nociceptive stimuli following a discrete somatic injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) was examined in rats. Inflammation of one craniofacial muscle evoked mechanical allodynia not only in the region of inflammation but also secondary mechanical allodynia in the contralateral head, ipsilateral hindpaw, and contralateral hindpaw. In contrast to this, CFA-induced inflammation of either the hindpaw or gastrocnemius muscle evoked mechanical allodynia restricted to the hindlimb region. The widespread modulation of nocifensive behavior evoked by inflammation of deep craniofacial tissue found in this study resembles the widespread deep tissue pain reported in fibromyalgia, whiplash injury and some temporomandibular disorders and thus may provide insight into the mechanisms of these musculoskeletal pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjinidevi Ambalavanar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland, Rm 4E-02, 666 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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48
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Hess JF, Chen RZ, Hey P, Breese R, Chang RSL, Chen TB, Bock MG, Vogt T, Pettibone DJ. Generation and characterization of a humanized bradykinin B1 receptor mouse. Biol Chem 2006; 387:195-201. [PMID: 16497152 DOI: 10.1515/bc.2006.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Antagonists of the B1 bradykinin receptor (B1R), encoded by the BDKRB1 gene, offer the promise of novel therapeutic agents for inflammatory and neuropathic pain. However, the in vivo characterization of the pharmacodynamics of B1R antagonists is hindered by the low level of B1R expression in healthy tissue and the profound species selectivity exhibited by many compounds for the B1R. To circumvent these issues we generated two genetically engineered rodent models. The first is a transgenic rat over-expressing the human B1R under the control of the neuronal-specific enolase promoter; we previously reported the utility of this model in assessing human B1R receptor occupancy in the central nervous system of the rat. The second model, reported here, utilized gene-targeting by homologous recombination to replace the genomic coding sequence for the endogenous mouse B1R with that of the human B1R. The mRNA expression profile of the humanized Bdkrb1 (hBkdrb1) allele is similar to that of the mouse Bdkrb1 (mBkdrb1) in the wild-type animal. Furthermore, in vitro assays indicate that tissues isolated from the humanized mouse possess pharmacological properties characteristic of the human B1R. Therefore, we have generated a humanized B1R mouse model that is suitable for testing the efficacy of human B1R-selective compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Fred Hess
- Department of Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 4, West Point, PA 19486, USA.
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49
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Conley RK, Wheeldon A, Webb JK, DiPardo RM, Homnick CF, Bock MG, Chen TB, Chang RSL, Pettibone DJ, Boyce S. Inhibition of acute nociceptive responses in rat spinal cord by a bradykinin B1 receptor antagonist. Eur J Pharmacol 2005; 527:44-51. [PMID: 16310181 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2005] [Revised: 04/28/2005] [Accepted: 06/28/2005] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study used behavioural and in vivo electrophysiological paradigms to examine the effects of systemic and spinal administration of a bradykinin B1 receptor antagonist, compound X, on acute nociceptive responses in the rat. In behavioural experiments, compound X significantly increased the latency to withdraw the hindpaw from a radiant heat source after both intravenous and intrathecal administration, without affecting motor performance on the rotarod. In electrophysiological experiments, both intravenous and direct spinal administration of compound X attenuated the responses of single dorsal horn neurones to noxious thermal stimulation of the hindpaw. These data show that the antinociceptive effects of a bradykinin B1 receptor antagonist are mediated, at least in part, at the level of the spinal cord and suggest a role for spinal bradykinin B1 receptors in acute nociception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel K Conley
- Merck Sharp and Dohme, In Vivo Neuroscience Department, Neuroscience Research Centre, Terlings Park, Eastwick Road, Harlow, Essex, CM20 2QR, UK.
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50
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Sevcik MA, Ghilardi JR, Halvorson KG, Lindsay TH, Kubota K, Mantyh PW. Analgesic Efficacy of Bradykinin B1 Antagonists in a Murine Bone Cancer Pain Model. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2005; 6:771-5. [PMID: 16275602 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2005.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2005] [Revised: 05/26/2005] [Accepted: 06/21/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Cancer pain is a significant clinical problem because it is the first symptom of disease in 20% to 50% of all cancer patients, and 75% to 90% of patients with advanced or terminal cancer must cope with chronic pain syndromes related to failed treatment and/or tumor progression. One of the most difficult to treat cancer pains is metastatic invasion of the skeleton that can generate ongoing and bone breakthrough pain, which represents one of the most debilitating cancer-related events. Because bradykinin has been shown to be released in response to tissue injury and plays a significant role in driving acute and chronic inflammatory pain, we focused on bradykinin antagonists in a model of bone cancer pain. In our model of bone cancer, which involves the injection and confinement of 2472 sarcoma cells to the mouse femur, pharmacologic blockade of the bradykinin B1 receptor is effective in reducing pain-related behaviors at both early and advanced stages of bone cancer. PERSPECTIVE Bone cancer pain can be severe and difficult to control fully. With a mouse model of bone cancer pain we demonstrate that pharmacologic blockade of the bradykinin B1 receptor is effective in reducing bone cancer pain-related behaviors, suggesting that B1 antagonists might be useful in attenuating bone cancer pain in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly A Sevcik
- Neurosystems Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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