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Tong YX, Zhu SY, Wang ZY, Zhao YX, Saleem MAU, Malh KK, Li XN, Li JL. Sulforaphane Ameliorate Cadmium-Induced Blood-Thymus Barrier Disruption by Targeting the PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 Axis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:13382-13392. [PMID: 38814005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a transition metal ion that is extremely harmful to human and animal biological systems. Cd is a toxic substance that can accumulate in the food chain and cause various health issues. Sulforaphane (SFN) is a natural bioactive compound with potent antioxidant properties. In our study, 80 1 day-old chicks were fed with Cd (140 mg/kg BW/day) and/or SFN (50 mg/kg BW/day) for 90 days. The blood-thymus barrier (BTB) is a selective barrier separating T-lymphocytes from blood and cortical capillaries in the thymus cortex. Our research revealed that Cd could destroy the BTB by downregulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling and induce immunodeficiency, leading to irreversible injury to the immune system. The study emphasizes the health benefits of SFN in the thymus. SFN could ameliorate Cd-triggered BTB dysfunction and pyroptosis in the thymus tissues. SFN modulated the PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 axis, improving the level of claudin-5 (CLDN5) in the thymus to alleviate BTB breakdown. Our findings indicated the toxic impact of Cd on thymus, and BTB could be the specific target of Cd toxicity. The finding also provides evidence for the role of SFN in maintaining thymic homeostasis for Cd-related health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xuan Tong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Yong Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Zhao-Yi Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Xin Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China
| | | | - Kanwar Kumar Malh
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Nan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Long Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China
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Huo M, Wang T, Li M, Li N, Chen S, Xiu L, Yu X, Liu H, Zhong G. Gansui Banxia decoction modulates immune-inflammatory homeostasis to ameliorate malignant ascites in rats. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 125:155246. [PMID: 38262142 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND "Gansui Banxia decoction" (GBD) is a classical traditional Chinese medicine formula for treating abnormal accumulation of fluid, such as malignant ascites (MA). Although GBD has shown definite water-expelling effects, its exact underlying mechanism has not been elucidated. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the drug effects of GBD on MA rats and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS The main chemical composition was determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography. The drug effects of GBD was evaluated in the established cancer cell-induced MA rat model. The symptoms were analyzed, and biological samples were collected for detecting immune and inflammation-related indicators by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, western blot, and flow cytometry. RESULTS GBD increased urine discharge, decreased ascites production, and alleviated cachexia. After GBD treatment, the expression of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-кB and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were reduced. In addition, GBD increased G1 phase arrest and inhibit excessive proliferation of cells in bone marrow while alleviating G1 phase arrest and increasing proliferation of cells in the thymus. Correspondingly, the development and maturation of T cells also changed. GBD increased the proportion of mature T-cells (CD4+CD8- and CD4-CD8+ single-positive (SP) T-cells), and decrease the proportion of immature cells (CD4+CD8+ double-positive (DP) T-cells and CD4-CD8- double-negative (DN) T-cells) in the blood or tumor microenvironment (TME, the ascites microenvironment). Finally, we further analysis of immune cell subsets, GBD decreased the proportion of immunosuppressive T-cells in the blood (CD4+CD25+Foxp3+T-cells) and TME (CD8+CD25+Foxp3+T-cells), and increased the proportion of anti-tumor immune cells (CD8+CD28+T-cells and NK cells) in the TME. CONCLUSION These findings indicated that the drug effects of GBD were attributed to regulating the immune-inflammatory homeostasis, thereby mitigating the destruction of cancer cells and reducing the generation of ascites, which provided theoretical support for the clinical rational application and extended the scientific connotation of "water-expelling" of GBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Huo
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Liangxiang Campus, No. 11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Liangxiang Higher Education Park, Fangshan District 102488, Chaoyang, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Tieshan Wang
- Beijing Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Muyun Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Liangxiang Campus, No. 11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Liangxiang Higher Education Park, Fangshan District 102488, Chaoyang, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Na Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Liangxiang Campus, No. 11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Liangxiang Higher Education Park, Fangshan District 102488, Chaoyang, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shaohong Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Liangxiang Campus, No. 11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Liangxiang Higher Education Park, Fangshan District 102488, Chaoyang, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Linlin Xiu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Liangxiang Campus, No. 11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Liangxiang Higher Education Park, Fangshan District 102488, Chaoyang, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xue Yu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Liangxiang Campus, No. 11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Liangxiang Higher Education Park, Fangshan District 102488, Chaoyang, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Liangxiang Campus, No. 11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Liangxiang Higher Education Park, Fangshan District 102488, Chaoyang, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Gansheng Zhong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Liangxiang Campus, No. 11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Liangxiang Higher Education Park, Fangshan District 102488, Chaoyang, Beijing 100029, China.
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Aleem J, Sattar S, Iqbal J, Majid F. Breast cancer metastasis to thymus. BMJ Case Rep 2023; 16:e254374. [PMID: 36958759 PMCID: PMC10040002 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2022-254374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite advancements in breast cancer management, metastatic disease remains a challenge. Thymic metastasis is an infrequent site of involvement. We intend to report a rare case of a woman in her 40s who presented with bilateral nipple discharge for 2 months. A triple assessment confirmed left breast carcinoma. A staging CT scan and positron emission tomography scan revealed an anterior mediastinal mass of thymic origin, and histology confirmed metastatic breast cancer. The patient made a good recovery following surgical and oncological treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javaria Aleem
- Breast Radiology, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sandeela Sattar
- Breast Radiology, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Javeria Iqbal
- Breast Surgery, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Faisal Majid
- Breast Radiology, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
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Guha I, Bhuniya A, Shukla D, Patidar A, Nandi P, Saha A, Dasgupta S, Ganguly N, Ghosh S, Nair A, Majumdar S, Saha B, Storkus WJ, Baral R, Bose A. Tumor Arrests DN2 to DN3 Pro T Cell Transition and Promotes Its Conversion to Thymic Dendritic Cells by Reciprocally Regulating Notch1 and Ikaros Signaling. Front Immunol 2020; 11:898. [PMID: 32582141 PMCID: PMC7292239 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor progression in the host leads to severe impairment of intrathymic T-cell differentiation/maturation, leading to the paralysis of cellular anti-tumor immunity. Such suppression manifests the erosion of CD4+CD8+ double-positive (DP) immature thymocytes and a gradual increase in CD4-CD8- double negative (DN) early T-cell progenitors. The impact of such changes on the T-cell progenitor pool in the context of cancer remains poorly investigated. Here, we show that tumor progression blocks the transition of Lin-Thy1.2+CD25+CD44+c-KitlowDN2b to Lin-Thy1.2+CD25+CD44-c-Kit-DN3 in T-cell maturation, instead leading to DN2-T-cell differentiation into dendritic cells (DC). We observed that thymic IL-10 expression is upregulated, particularly at cortico-medullary junctions (CMJ), under conditions of progressive disease, resulting in the termination of IL-10Rhigh DN2-T-cell maturation due to dysregulated expression of Notch1 and its target, CCR7 (thus restricting these cells to the CMJ). Intrathymic differentiation of T-cell precursors in IL-10-/- mice and in vitro fetal thymic organ cultures revealed that IL-10 promotes the interaction between thymic stromal cells and Notch1low DN2-T cells, thus facilitating these DN2-T cells to differentiate toward CD45+CD11c+MHC-II+ thymic DCs as a consequence of activating the Ikaros/IRF8 signaling axis. We conclude that a novel function of thymically-expressed IL-10 in the tumor-bearing host diverts T-cell differentiation toward a DC pathway, thus limiting the protective adaptive immune repertoire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ipsita Guha
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), Kolkata, India
| | - Avishek Bhuniya
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), Kolkata, India
| | - Divanshu Shukla
- Department of Pathogenesis and Cell Responses, National Centre for Cell Sciences, Pune, India
| | - Ashok Patidar
- Department of Pathogenesis and Cell Responses, National Centre for Cell Sciences, Pune, India
| | - Partha Nandi
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), Kolkata, India
| | - Akata Saha
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), Kolkata, India
| | - Shayani Dasgupta
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), Kolkata, India
| | - Nilanjan Ganguly
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), Kolkata, India
| | - Sweta Ghosh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Arathi Nair
- Department of Pathogenesis and Cell Responses, National Centre for Cell Sciences, Pune, India
| | - Subrata Majumdar
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Bhaskar Saha
- Department of Pathogenesis and Cell Responses, National Centre for Cell Sciences, Pune, India
| | - Walter J Storkus
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Rathindranath Baral
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), Kolkata, India
| | - Anamika Bose
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), Kolkata, India
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Chilla SNM, Zemek O, Kotek J, Boutry S, Larbanoix L, Sclavons C, Elst LV, Lukes I, Muller RN, Laurent S. Synthesis and characterization of monophosphinic acid DOTA derivative: A smart tool with functionalities for multimodal imaging. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:4297-4303. [PMID: 28655418 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A new facile synthetic strategy was developed to prepare bifunctional monophosphinic acid Ln-DOTA derivatives, Gd-DO2AGAPNBn and Gd- DO2AGAPABn. The relaxivities of the Gd-complexes are enhanced compared to Gd-DOTA. Monophosphinic acid arm of these Gd-complexes affords enhancement of inner sphere water exchange rate due to its steric bulkiness. The different functionalities of DO2AGAPNBn were appended in trans positions and are designed to conjugate identical or different vectors according to the potential applications. The conjugation of Gd-DO2AGAPABn with E3 peptide known to target apoptosis was successfully performed and in vivo MRI allowed cell death detection in a mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satya Narayana Murthy Chilla
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, Avenue Maistriau, 19, Mendeleïev Building, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
| | - Ondrej Zemek
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Universita Karlova, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Kotek
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Universita Karlova, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Sébastien Boutry
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, Avenue Maistriau, 19, Mendeleïev Building, 7000 Mons, Belgium; Centre for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Rue Adrienne Bolland, 8, 6041 Charleroi-Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Lionel Larbanoix
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, Avenue Maistriau, 19, Mendeleïev Building, 7000 Mons, Belgium; Centre for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Rue Adrienne Bolland, 8, 6041 Charleroi-Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Coralie Sclavons
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, Avenue Maistriau, 19, Mendeleïev Building, 7000 Mons, Belgium; Centre for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Rue Adrienne Bolland, 8, 6041 Charleroi-Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Luce Vander Elst
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, Avenue Maistriau, 19, Mendeleïev Building, 7000 Mons, Belgium; Centre for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Rue Adrienne Bolland, 8, 6041 Charleroi-Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Ivan Lukes
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Universita Karlova, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Robert N Muller
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, Avenue Maistriau, 19, Mendeleïev Building, 7000 Mons, Belgium; Centre for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Rue Adrienne Bolland, 8, 6041 Charleroi-Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Sophie Laurent
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, Avenue Maistriau, 19, Mendeleïev Building, 7000 Mons, Belgium; Centre for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Rue Adrienne Bolland, 8, 6041 Charleroi-Gosselies, Belgium.
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Pan H, Gazarian A, Mollet I, Mathias V, Dubois V, Sobh M, Buff S, Dubernard JM, Michallet M, Michallet MC. Lymphodepletive effects of rabbit anti-pig thymocyte globulin in neonatal swines. Transpl Immunol 2016; 39:74-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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The discovery of the blood–thymus barrier. Immunol Lett 2015; 168:325-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2015.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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8
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Bell CR, Rocchi MS, Dagleish MP, Melzi E, Ballingall KT, Connelly M, Kerr MG, Scholes SFE, Willoughby K. Reproduction of bovine neonatal pancytopenia (BNP) by feeding pooled colostrum reveals variable alloantibody damage to different haematopoietic lineages. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2012; 151:303-14. [PMID: 23273932 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2012.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2012] [Revised: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Bovine neonatal pancytopenia (BNP) is a recently described haemorrhagic disease of calves characterised by thrombocytopenia, leucopenia and bone marrow depletion. Feeding colostrum from cows that have previously produced a BNP affected calf has been shown to induce the disease in some calves, leading to the hypothesis that alloantibodies in colostrum from dams of affected calves mediate destruction of blood and bone marrow cells in the recipient calves. The aims of the current experimental study were first to confirm the role of colostrum-derived antibody in mediating the disease and second to investigate the haematopoietic cell lineages and maturation stages depleted by the causative antibodies. Clinical, haematological and pathological changes were examined in 5 calves given a standardised pool of colostrum from known BNP dams, and 5 control calves given an equivalent pool of colostrum from non-BNP dams. All calves fed challenge colostrum showed progressive depletion of bone marrow haematopoietic cells and haematological changes consistent with the development of BNP. Administration of a standardised dose of the same colostrum pool to each calf resulted in a consistent response within the groups, allowing detailed interpretation of the cellular changes not previously described. Analyses of blood and serial bone marrow changes revealed evidence of differential effects on different blood cell lineages. Peripheral blood cell depletion was confined to leucocytes and platelets, while bone marrow damage occurred to the primitive precursors and lineage committed cells of the thrombocyte, lymphocyte and monocyte lineages, but only to the more primitive precursors in the neutrophil, erythrocyte and eosinophil lineages. Such differences between lineages may reflect cell type-dependent differences in levels of expression or conformational nature of the target antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte R Bell
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, Scotland, UK.
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Bai Y, Wu B, Terada N, Saitoh Y, Ohno N, Saitoh S, Ohno S. Immunohistochemical analysis of various serum proteins in living mouse thymus with "in vivo cryotechnique". Med Mol Morphol 2012; 45:129-39. [PMID: 23001295 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-011-0549-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2011] [Accepted: 05/09/2011] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
It has been difficult to clarify the precise localizations of soluble serum proteins in thymic tissues of living animals with conventional immersion- or perfusion-fixation followed by alcohol dehydration owing to ischemia and anoxia. In this study, "in vivo cryotechnique" (IVCT) followed by freeze-substitution fixation was performed to examine the thymic structures of living mice and immunolocalizations of intrinsic or extrinsic serum proteins, which were albumin, immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1), IgA, and IgM, as well as intravenously injected bovine serum albumin (BSA). Mouse albumin was more clearly immunolocalized in blood vessels and interstitial matrices of the thymic cortex than in tissues prepared by the conventional methods. The immunoreactivities of albumin and IgG1 were stronger than those of IgA and IgM in the interstitium of subcapsular cortex. The injected BSA was time-dependently immunolocalized in blood vessels and the interstitium of corticomedullary areas at 3.5 h after its injection, and then gradually diffused into the interstitium of the whole cortex at 6 h and 12 h. Thus, IVCT revealed definite immunolocalizations of serum albumin and IgG1 in the interstitium of thymus of living mice, indicating different accessibility of serum proteins from the corticomedullary areas, not from the subcapsular cortex of living animals, depending on various molecular sizes and concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Bai
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Histology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
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Baba T, Badr MES, Tomaru U, Ishizu A, Mukaida N. Novel process of intrathymic tumor-immune tolerance through CCR2-mediated recruitment of Sirpα+ dendritic cells: a murine model. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41154. [PMID: 22815949 PMCID: PMC3397991 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune surveillance system can detect more efficiently secretory tumor-specific antigens, which are superior as a target for cancer immunotherapy. On the contrary, immune tolerance can be induced in the thymus when a tumor antigen is massively secreted into circulation. Thus, the secretion of tumor-specific antigen may have contradictory roles in tumor immunity in a context-dependent manner. However, it remains elusive on the precise cellular mechanism of intrathymic immune tolerance against tumor antigens. We previously demonstrated that a minor thymic conventional dendritic cell (cDC) subset, CD8α−Sirpα+ cDCs, but not the major subset, CD8α+Sirpα− cDCs can selectively capture blood-borne antigens and crucially contribute to the self-tolerance. In the present study, we further demonstrated that Sirpα+ cDCs can capture a blood-borne antigen leaking inside the interlobular vascular-rich regions (IVRs). Blood-borne antigen selectively captured by Sirpα+ cDCs can induce antigen-specific Treg generation or negative selection, depending on the immunogenicity of the presented antigen. Furthermore, CCR2 expression by thymic Sirpα+ cDCs and abundant expression of its ligands, particularly, CCL2 by tumor-bearing mice prompted us to examine the function of thymic Sirpα+ cDCs in tumor-bearing mice. Interestingly, tumor-bearing mice deposited CCL2 inside IVRs in the thymus. Moreover, tumor formation induced the accumulation of Sirpα+ cDCs in IVRs under the control of CCR2-CCL2 axis and enhanced their capacity to take up antigens, resulting in the shift from Treg differentiation to negative selection. Finally, intrathymic negative selection similarly ensued in CCR2-competent mice once the tumor-specific antigen was secreted into bloodstream. Thus, we demonstrated that thymic Sirpα+ cDCs crucially contribute to this novel process of intrathymic tumor immune tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohisa Baba
- Division of Molecular Bioregulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
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Gameiro J, Nagib P, Verinaud L. The thymus microenvironment in regulating thymocyte differentiation. Cell Adh Migr 2010; 4:382-90. [PMID: 20418658 DOI: 10.4161/cam.4.3.11789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The thymus plays a crucial role in the development of T lymphocytes by providing an inductive microenvironment in which committed progenitors undergo proliferation, T-cell receptor gene rearrangements and thymocyte differentiate into mature T cells. The thymus microenvironment forms a complex network of interaction that comprises non lymphoid cells (e.g., thymic epithelial cells, TEC), cytokines, chemokines, extracellular matrix elements (ECM), matrix metalloproteinases and other soluble proteins. The thymic epithelial meshwork is the major component of the thymic microenvironment, both morphologically and phenotypically limiting heterogeneous regions in thymic lobules and fulfilling an important role during specific stages of T-cell maturation. The process starts when bone marrow-derived lymphocyte precursors arrive at the outer cortical region of the thymic gland and begin to mature into functional T lymphocytes that will finally exit the thymus and populate the peripheral lymphoid organs. During their journey inside the thymus, thymocytes must interact with stromal cells (and their soluble products) and extracellular matrix proteins to receive appropriate signals for survival, proliferation and differentiation. The crucial components of the thymus microenvironment, and their complex interactions during the T-cell maturation process are summarized here with the objective of contributing to a better understanding of the function of the thymus, as well as assisting in the search for new therapeutic approaches to improve the immune response in various pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacy Gameiro
- Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Baba T, Nakamoto Y, Mukaida N. Crucial contribution of thymic Sirp alpha+ conventional dendritic cells to central tolerance against blood-borne antigens in a CCR2-dependent manner. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2009; 183:3053-63. [PMID: 19675159 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0900438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Thymic dendritic cells (DCs) as well as thymic epithelial cells are presumed to be major sentinels in central tolerance by inducing the apoptosis of autoreactive T progenitor cells. The thymic DC population is composed of heterogeneous subsets including CD11c(+)B220(+) plasmacytoid DCs, CD11c(+)B220(-)CD8alpha(+) signal regulatory protein alpha (Sirpalpha)(-) and CD11c(+)B220(-)CD8alpha(-)Sirpalpha(+) conventional DCs (cDCs). However, the distinctive role of each DC subset remains undefined. We show herein that Sirpalpha(+) cDCs, a minor subpopulation, was disseminated in the thymic cortical area with some of them uniquely localized inside perivascular regions and nearby small vessels in the thymus. The Sirpalpha(+) but not Sirpalpha(-) cDC subset can selectively capture blood-circulating Ags. Moreover, in CCR2-deficient mice, the thymic Sirpalpha(+) cDC subset, but not other thymic cell components, was moderately decreased especially in the perivascular regions. Concomitantly, these mice exhibited a modest impairment in intrathymic negative selection against blood-borne Ags, with the reduced capacity to uptake blood-borne Ags. Given their intrathymic cortical localization, CD11c(+)B220(-)CD8alpha(-)Sirpalpha(+) cDCs can have a unique role in the development of central tolerance against circulating peripheral Ags, at least partially in a CCR2-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohisa Baba
- Division of Molecular Bioregulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
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