1
|
Associations between Lifestyle Factors and Vitamin E Metabolites in the General Population. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9121280. [PMID: 33333950 PMCID: PMC7765431 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant vitamin E (α-tocopherol, α-TOH) protects lipids from oxidation by reactive oxygen species. We hypothesized that lifestyle factors associate with vitamin E metabolism marked by urinary α-tocopheronolactone hydroquinone (α-TLHQ) and α-carboxymethyl-hydroxychroman (α-CEHC levels), as potential reflection of lipid oxidation. We conducted a cross-sectional study in the Netherlands Epidemiology of Obesity Study. Serum α-TOH, and urinary α-TLHQ and α-CEHC were quantified by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Information on the lifestyle factors (sleep, physical activity (PA), smoking and alcohol) were collected through questionnaires. Multivariable linear regression analyses were performed to assess the associations between the lifestyle factors and α-TOH measures. A total of 530 participants (46% men) were included with mean (SD) age of 56 (6) years. Of the examined lifestyle factors, only poor sleep was associated with a higher serum α-TOH (mean difference: 4% (95% CI: 1, 7%)). Current smoking was associated with higher urinary α-CEHC (32%: (14%, 53%)), with evidence of a dose–response relationship with smoking intensity (low pack years, 24% (2, 52%); high pack years, 55% (25, 93%)). Moderate physical activity was associated with a lower α-TLHQ relative to α-CEHC (−17%: (−26, −6%), compared with low PA). Only specific lifestyle factors associate with vitamin E metabolism. Examining serum α-TOH does not provide complete insight in vitamin E antioxidant capacity.
Collapse
|
2
|
Reddy VD, Padmavathi P, Bulle S, Hebbani AV, Marthadu SB, Venugopalacharyulu NC, Maturu P, Varadacharyulu NC. Association between alcohol-induced oxidative stress and membrane properties in synaptosomes: A protective role of vitamin E. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2017; 63:60-65. [PMID: 28778836 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Chronic and excessive alcohol consumption leads to various neurological diseases. Synaptosomes are ideal organelles to study the functional properties of the brain in alcoholism. This study focuses on the association between oxidative stress and synaptosomal membrane properties in alcohol treated rats. Sixty day old male albino rats were treated with 20% alcohol at 5g/kg body weight/ day for sixty days. Alcohol administration significantly increased the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and protein carbonyls with decreased catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and reduced glutathione (GSH) content in synaptosomes. Further, alcohol administration decreased (cholesterol/phospholipids) C/P ratio in synaptosomal membranes, which was further confirmed using 1,6 diphenyl 1,3 hexatriene (DPH) as fluorescent probe. Moreover, alcohol treatment also increased membrane bound Na+/K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase and Mg2+-ATPase enzyme activities. Correlation (r) analysis revealed that anisotropic (γ) values were strongly associated with lipid peroxidation (r=0.678) and Na+/K+-ATPase activity (r=0.793). The results of the present study clearly indicate that lipid peroxidation was positively correlated (r=0.621) with Na+/K+-ATPase activity and C/P ratio was negatively associated (r=-0.549) in alcohol treated animals. Similar results were found on alcohol treatment (50 and 100mM) of brain synaptosomes in vitro. But with the co-treatment of vitamin E reversed these changes. In conclusion, synaptosomal membranes properties are impaired due to increased oxidative stress, changes in lipid composition, altered fluidity and membrane bound enzyme activities. And treatment with vitamin E renders protection against ethanol-induced membrane alterations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vaddi Damodara Reddy
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur 515 003, AP, India..
| | - Pannuru Padmavathi
- Oil Technological Research Institute, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Anantapur, Anantapuramu 515001, India
| | - Saradamma Bulle
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur 515 003, AP, India
| | - Ananda Vardhan Hebbani
- Department of Biotechnology, New Horizon College of Engineering, Bangalore 560103, India
| | | | | | - Paramahamsa Maturu
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas children's hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - N C Varadacharyulu
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur 515 003, AP, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gard PR, Fidalgo S, Lotter I, Richardson C, Farina N, Rusted J, Tabet N. Changes of renin-angiotensin system-related aminopeptidases in early stage Alzheimer's disease. Exp Gerontol 2017; 89:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
4
|
Influence of chronic ethanol intake on mouse synaptosomal aspartyl aminopeptidase and aminopeptidase A: relationship with oxidative stress indicators. Alcohol 2012; 46:481-7. [PMID: 22440693 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2011.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2011] [Revised: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 10/24/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Aminopeptidase A (APA) and aspartyl aminopeptidase (ASAP) not only act as neuromodulators in the regional brain renin-angiotensin system, but also release N-terminal acidic amino acids (glutamate and aspartate). The hyperexcitability of amino acid neurotransmitters is responsible for several neurodegenerative processes affecting the central nervous system. The purpose of the present work was to study the influence of chronic ethanol intake, a well known neurotoxic compound, on APA and ASAP activity under resting and K(+)-stimulated conditions at the synapse level. APA and ASAP activity were determined against glutamate- and aspartate-β-naphthylamide respectively in mouse frontal cortex synaptosomes and in their incubation supernatant in a Ca(2+)-containing or Ca(2+)-free artificial cerebrospinal fluid. The neurotoxic effects were analyzed by determining free radical generation, peroxidation of membrane lipids and the oxidation of synaptosomal proteins. In addition, the bioenergetic behavior of synaptosomes was analyzed under different experimental protocols. We obtained several modifications in oxidative stress parameters and a preferential inhibitor effect of chronic ethanol intake on APA and ASAP activities. Although previous in vitro studies failed to show signs of neurodegeneration, these in vivo modifications in oxidative stress parameters do not seem to be related to changes in APA and ASAP, invalidating the idea that an excess of free acidic amino acids released by APA and ASAP induces neurodegeneration.
Collapse
|
5
|
Puertas MC, Martínez-Martos JM, Cobo MP, Carrera MP, Mayas MD, Ramírez-Expósito MJ. Plasma oxidative stress parameters in men and women with early stage Alzheimer type dementia. Exp Gerontol 2012; 47:625-30. [PMID: 22664577 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2012.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Revised: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 05/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that oxidative stress is one of the earliest events in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis, indicating that may play a key role in this disease. In our study, we measured the levels of oxidative stress indicators (TBARS and protein carbonyls content) and the non-enzymatic (glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG)) and enzymatic (glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)) defense systems in the plasma of 46 patients diagnosed of ATD and 46 age-matched controls. We found decreased levels in total GSH in ATD patients, although healthy control women showed lower levels of total GSH than healthy control men. On the contrary, we found increased levels of TBARS and carbonyl groups content in ATD patients in both genders. The activity of the plasma antioxidant enzymes showed no changes for SOD activity in ATD patients, independently of the gender, although western blot analysis showed an increase in SOD-1 protein. CAT activity was also decreased in ATD patients, although this decrease is mainly due to the decrease found in men but not in women. However, western blot analysis did not show differences in CAT protein between controls and ATD patients. Finally, a decrease of GPx activity was found in ATD patients in both genders. However, as with CAT protein, western blot analysis did not show differences in GPx protein between controls and ATD patients. Our results suggest that there is a defect in the antioxidant defense system that is incapable of responding to increased free radical production, which may lead to oxidative damage and the development of the pathological alterations that characterize the neurodegenerative disorder of patients with ATD. Thus, oxidative damage could be one important aspect for the onset of ATD and oxidative stress markers could be useful to diagnose the illness in their earliest stages through both non-invasive, reliable and cost-affordable methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M C Puertas
- Experimental and Clinical Physiopathology Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, School of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mayas MD, Ramírez-Expósito MJ, García MJ, Carrera MP, Cobo M, Camacho B, Martínez Martos JM. Chronic ethanol intake modifies renin-angiotensin system-regulating aminopeptidase activities in mouse cerebellum. Neuropeptides 2005; 39:67-72. [PMID: 15752539 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2004.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2004] [Revised: 10/20/2004] [Accepted: 10/30/2004] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In developing cerebellum, where critical periods of vulnerability have been established for several basic substances, it has been extensively studied the wide array of abnormalities induced by exposure to ethanol (EtOH). However, little is known about the effects of EtOH consumption on cerebellar functions in adult individuals. Several studies show participation in cognitive activities to be concentrated in the lateral cerebellum (hemispheres), whereas basic motor functions such as balance and coordination are represented in the medial parts of the cerebellum (vermis and paravermis). In addition to the circulating renin angiotensin system (RAS), a local system has been postulated in brain. The effector peptides of the RAS are formed via the activity of several aminopeptidases (AP). The present work analyses the effect of chronic EtOH intake on the RAS-regulating AP activities in the soluble and membrane-bound fractions of two cerebellar locations: the hemispheres and the vermis. We hypothesize that cerebellar RAS is involved in basic motor functions rather than in cognitive activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M D Mayas
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias, Experimentales y de la Salud, Campus de Las Lagunillas, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén E-23071, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Larrinaga G, Gil J, Meana JJ, Ruiz F, Callado LF, Irazusta J. Aminopeptidase activity in the postmortem brain of human heroin addicts. Neurochem Int 2005; 46:213-9. [PMID: 15670637 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2004.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2004] [Accepted: 10/07/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have reported that the chronic administration of opioids induces changes in the biosynthesis of endogenous opioid peptides or their precursors in specific brain regions of the adult central nervous system. However, little is known about the catabolic regulation of opioid peptides and its contribution to neuroadaptative changes underlying drug addiction. In the present study, we have analyzed the activity of two enkephalin-degrading enzymes (puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase or PSA and aminopeptidase N or APN) and two functionally different, soluble aminopeptidases (aminopeptidase B and aspartyl-aminopeptidase) in postmortem samples of prefrontal cortex and caudate nucleus of eight human heroin addict brains and eight matched-controls. Enzyme activities were fluorimetrically measured using beta-naphthylamide derivatives. An increase in the activity of soluble PSA in the prefrontal cortex of heroin abusers was observed (heroin addict group: 51,452+/-3892 UAP/mg protein versus control group: 42,003+/-2597 UAP/mg protein; P<0.05), while the activity of the other peptidases in both brain regions remained unaltered. This result agrees with previous findings in morphine-tolerant rats, and indicates that soluble PSA may be involved in neurobiological processes which underlie heroin addiction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Larrinaga
- Department of Nursing I, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, P.O. Box 699, E-48940 Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mayas MD, Ramírez-Expósito MJ, García MJ, Carrera P, Martínez-Martos JM. Ethanol modulates neuropeptide-degrading aminopeptidases at synapse level in calcium-dependent conditions. Alcohol Alcohol 2004; 39:393-405. [PMID: 15289202 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agh052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the role of aminopeptidases in the pathways to peptides neurotransmission/neuromodulation ending in the actions of ethanol (EtOH) on the brain. METHODS The effects of EtOH on alanyl-, arginyl-, cystyl-, leucyl- and tyrosyl-aminopeptidase activities were studied under basal/resting and K+-stimulated conditions at the synapse level, using mouse frontal cortex synaptosomes and their incubation supernatant in a Ca2+-containing or Ca2+-free medium. RESULTS Under basal conditions, synaptosome aminopeptidase activities showed an inhibitory or biphasic response depending on the concentration of EtOH used and the aminopeptidase assayed, whereas supernatant activities showed a more complex response. Under K+-stimulated conditions, EtOH inhibited all synaptosome aminopeptidases assayed in presence of Ca2+. However, in absence of Ca2+, different responses were obtained depending on the concentration of EtOH used. In the supernatant, the highest concentration of EtOH inhibited the K+-stimulated increase on aminopeptidase activities, although the lowest concentration enhanced the release in presence of Ca2+. In absence of it, EtOH blocked the K+-stimulated decrease or increased the activity depending on the concentration of EtOH used. CONCLUSIONS The changes on aminopeptidase activities induced by EtOH may reflect the functional status of their corresponding endogenous substrates. EtOH may influence opioid peptides, oxytocin, vasopressin and the brain renin-angiotensin system through their degrading enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Dolores Mayas
- Unit of Physiology, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Experimental and Health Sciences, University of Jaén, E-23071, Jaén, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hueso-Ureña F, Illán-Cabeza NA, Moreno-Carretero MN, Martínez-Martos JM, Ramírez-Expósito MJ. Synthesis and spectroscopic studies on the new Schiff base derived from the 1:2 condensation of 2,6-diformyl-4-methylphenol with 5-aminouracil (BDF5AU) and its transition metal complexes. Influence on biologically active peptides-regulating aminopeptidases. J Inorg Biochem 2003; 94:326-34. [PMID: 12667703 DOI: 10.1016/s0162-0134(03)00025-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, spectroscopic (IR, 1H and 13C NMR, UV-Vis-NIR, EPR), magnetic measurements and biological studies of a number of complexes of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), Au(III) and Hg(II) of the Schiff base derived from the 1:2 condensation of 2,6-diformyl-4-methylphenol and 5-aminouracil, ((5-[[(3-[[(2,4-dioxopyrimidin-5(1H,3H)-yl)imino]methyl]-2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)methylene]amino]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione, hereafter denoted as BDF5AU) are reported. In all cases, the complexes appear to be monomeric. The deprotonated ligand in the phenolic oxygen atom shows a tridentate coordination mode through the two azomethine nitrogen atoms and the phenolic oxygen atom. The coordination of the neutral ligand takes place through the phenolic oxygen atom and one azomethine nitrogen atom and the carbonylic oxygen atom in fourth position of one uracil ring. The biological properties of some perchlorate complexes on the activity of some neutral, acid, basic and omega aminopeptidases (AP) are assayed, demonstrating a general inhibitory effect. Neutral and basic AP are mainly inhibited by Cu(II), Ni(II) and Cd(II) complexes, although tyrosyl-AP is activated by Zn(II) complex. Glutamyl-AP but not aspartyl-AP is inhibited by all the complexes assayed excepting Zn(II) complex. Finally, omega AP is inhibited by Ni(II) and Cd(II) complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Hueso-Ureña
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Campus Las Lagunillas B3, Universidad de Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|