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Monroy J, Cortés OD, Domínguez R, Mendoza‐Garrido ME, Gallegos E, Cárdenas M, Aragón A, Ayala ME. The differential sensitivity of the hypothalamic-hypophysial-ovarian axis to 5-hydroxytryptophan alters the secretion of estradiol. Exp Physiol 2024; 109:365-379. [PMID: 38064347 PMCID: PMC10988714 DOI: 10.1113/ep091158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Serotonin [5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)] modulates ovarian function. The precursor of 5-HT, 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), has been used to treat depression. However, the effects of 5-HTP on ovarian and reproductive physiology remain unknown. In this research, we analysed the impact of 5-HTP on the monoaminergic system and its interactions with the reproductive axis and ovarian estradiol secretion when administered by distinct routes. Female rats 30 days of age were injected with 5-HTP i.p. (100 mg/kg), into the ovarian bursa (1.5 µg/40 µL) or into the median raphe nucleus (20 µg/2.5 µL) and were killed 60 or 120 min after injection. As controls, we used rats of the same age injected with vehicle (0.9% NaCl). Monoamine, gonadotrophin and steroid ovarian hormone concentrations were measured. The injection of 5-HTP either i.p. or directly into the ovarian bursa increased the concentrations of 5-HT and the metabolite 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid in the ovary. For both routes of administration, the serum concentration of estradiol increased. After i.p. injection of 5-HTP, the concentrations of luteinizing hormone were decreased and follicle-stimulating hormone increased after 120 min. Micro-injection of 5-HTP into the median raphe nucleus increased the concentrations of 5-HT in the anterior hypothalamus and dopamine in the medial hypothalamus after 120 min. Our results suggest that the administration of 5-HTP either i.p. or directly into the ovarian bursa enhances ovarian estradiol secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juana Monroy
- Laboratorio de Pubertad, Unidad de Investigación en Biología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Estudios Superiores ZaragozaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMexico CityMexico
| | - Omar D. Cortés
- Laboratorio de Pubertad, Unidad de Investigación en Biología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Estudios Superiores ZaragozaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMexico CityMexico
| | - Roberto Domínguez
- Laboratorio de Pubertad, Unidad de Investigación en Biología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Estudios Superiores ZaragozaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMexico CityMexico
| | - María Eugenia Mendoza‐Garrido
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV)Instituto Politécnico NacionalMexico CityMexico
| | - Eloir Gallegos
- Laboratorio de Pubertad, Unidad de Investigación en Biología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Estudios Superiores ZaragozaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMexico CityMexico
| | - Mario Cárdenas
- Departamento de Biología de la ReproducciónInstituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador ZubiránMexico CityMexico
| | - Andrés Aragón
- Laboratorio de Gametos y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Facultad de Estudios Superiores IztacalaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoTlalnepantlaState of MéxicoMexico
| | - María E. Ayala
- Laboratorio de Pubertad, Unidad de Investigación en Biología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Estudios Superiores ZaragozaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMexico CityMexico
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Rivas C, Flores M, Pérez J, Gallegos E, Cárdenas M, Ayala ME, Aragón A. Acute effects of para-chloroamphetamine on testosterone and markers of apoptosis in seminiferous epithelium of prepubertal male rats. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2022; 68:396-406. [PMID: 36129308 DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2022.2116369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that affects the secretion of gonadotropins and testosterone. In prepubertal male rats, serotonin has a stimulating role in testosterone secretion. Here, we used prepubertal male rats to study the effects of para-chloroamphetamine (pCA) on circulating testosterone and gonadotropins and markers of apoptosis in germ cells from day 1 to day 5 post-treatment. The intraperitoneal administration of pCA induced a significant reduction in concentrations of hypothalamic serotonin and circulating testosterone, but gonadotropins were not affected. In the seminiferous epithelium of pCA-treated rats, increased the number of germ cells positive to markers of apoptosis, concomitantly with alterations in morphometry and the presence of multinucleated germ cells. Levels of testosterone were reduced starting from 1 day after pCA was administered. The time window between the administration of the pCA and collection of samples was sufficient to detect changes in testosterone levels, in contrast with a previous work where no changes were found. There was a possible relationship between the reduction of testosterone and an increase in the number of germ cells positive to apoptosis markers. However, the mechanism that links pCA-testosterone-germ cell positive to markers of apoptosis is unknown. Our outcomes support the view that pCA exposure during the prepubertal stage has an acute impact on testosterone levels and affects the structure and physiology of seminiferous epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Rivas
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Laboratorio de Gametos y Desarrollo Tecnológico, UNAM, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Maribel Flores
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Laboratorio de Pubertad, Unidad de Investigación en Biología de la Reproducción, UNAM, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Julio Pérez
- Sistema de Laboratorios para el Desarrollo e Innovación. Colegio de Ciencias y Humanidades, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Eloir Gallegos
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Laboratorio de Pubertad, Unidad de Investigación en Biología de la Reproducción, UNAM, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Mario Cárdenas
- Laboratorio de Hormonas Proteicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutrición Salvador Subiran, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - María Elena Ayala
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Laboratorio de Pubertad, Unidad de Investigación en Biología de la Reproducción, UNAM, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Andrés Aragón
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Laboratorio de Gametos y Desarrollo Tecnológico, UNAM, Estado de México, Mexico
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Romero-Reyes J, Cárdenas M, Damián-Matsumura P, Domínguez R, Ayala ME. Inhibition of serotonin reuptake in the prepubertal rat ovary by fluoxetine and effects on ovarian functions. Reprod Toxicol 2016; 59:80-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2015.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Ayala ME, Velázquez DE, Mendoza JL, Monroy J, Domínguez R, Cárdenas M, Aragón A. Dorsal and medial raphe nuclei participate differentially in reproductive functions of the male rat. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2015; 13:132. [PMID: 26643556 PMCID: PMC4672486 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-015-0130-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Innervation of the hypothalamus and median eminence arise from the dorsal and medial raphe nuclei (DRN and MRN, respectively). The hypothalamus regulates the secretion of gonadotropins, which in turn regulate the reproductive function of males and females. However, it is not known the role of raphe nuclei in male reproductive function. Our goal was to investigate the role of the DRN and MRN in the regulation of the testicular function and secretion of gonadotropins in prepubertal rats. METHODS Dihydroxytryptamine (5,6-DHT) in ascorbic acid was used to chemically lesion the DRN or MRN. Rats were treated at 30 days-of-age and sacrificed at 45 or 65 days-of-age. Sham-treated controls were injected with ascorbic acid only. Negative controls were untreated rats. The damage induced by the 5,6-DHT was monitored in coronal serial sections of DRN and MRN; only the animals in which lesion of the DRN or MRN was detected were included in this study. As output parameters, we measured the concentrations of noradrenaline (NA), dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) in the anterior (AH) and medial (MH) hypothalamus by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); whereas, circulating concentrations of gonadotropins and sexual steroids were measured by radioimmunoassay. Seminiferous epithelium and sperm quality were also evaluated. RESULTS Lesion of DRN or MRN does not induced changes in concentrations of LH, progesterone, and testosterone. Compared with the control group, the sham or lesion of the DRN or MRN did not modify noradrenaline or dopamine concentrations in the AH and MH at 45 or 65 days of age. Meanwhile, serotonin concentrations decreased significantly in lesioned rats. Lesion of DRN induced significantly lower concentrations of FSH regardless of age; similar lesion in the MRN had no impact on FSH levels. Sperm concentration and motility were significantly decreased in the same animals. The lesion of the MRN does not induced changes in the seminiferous epithelium or gonadotropin levels. Our results suggest that raphe nuclei regulate differentially the male reproductive functions. CONCLUSIONS The DRN but not the MRN regulates the secretion of gonadotropins and testicular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- María E Ayala
- Unidad de Investigación en Biología de la Reproducción, Laboratorio de Pubertad, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, UNAM. AP 9-020, CP 15000, Distrito Federal, México.
| | - Diana E Velázquez
- Unidad de Investigación en Biología de la Reproducción, Laboratorio de Pubertad, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, UNAM. AP 9-020, CP 15000, Distrito Federal, México.
| | - Juan L Mendoza
- Unidad de Investigación en Biología de la Reproducción, Laboratorio de Pubertad, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, UNAM. AP 9-020, CP 15000, Distrito Federal, México.
| | - Juana Monroy
- Unidad de Investigación en Biología de la Reproducción, Laboratorio de Pubertad, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, UNAM. AP 9-020, CP 15000, Distrito Federal, México.
| | - Roberto Domínguez
- Unidad de Investigación en Biología de la Reproducción, Laboratorio de Pubertad, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, UNAM. AP 9-020, CP 15000, Distrito Federal, México.
| | - Mario Cárdenas
- Laboratorio de Hormonas Proteicas, Instituto de Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud Salvador Subirán, Tlalpan, CP 14000, México, D.F., México.
| | - Andrés Aragón
- Ciencia, Tecnología e Informática Aplicadas a la Reproducción S A, Texcoco, CP 56200, Estado de México, México.
- Instituto Tecnológico del Altiplano de Tlaxcala, San Diego Xocoyucan, CP 90122, Tlaxcala, México.
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Quiróz U, Morales-Ledesma L, Morán C, Trujillo A, Domínguez R. Lack of sensorial innervation in the newborn female rats affects the activity of hypothalamic monoaminergic system and steroid hormone secretion during puberty. Endocrine 2014; 46:309-17. [PMID: 24122121 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-013-0055-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
There is evidence that sensory innervation plays a role regulating ovarian functions, including fertility.Since sensory denervation by means of capsaicin in newborn female rats results in a lower response togonadotropins, the present study analyzed the effects that sensory denervation by means of capsaicin in neonatal rats has on the concentration of monoamines in the anterior(AH) and medium (MH) hypothalamus, and on steroid hormone levels in serum. Groups of newborn female rats were injected subcutaneously with capsaicin and killed at 10, 20, and 30 days of age and on the first vaginal estrous.The concentrations of noradrenaline, dopamine, serotonin(5-HT), and their metabolites in the AH and MH were measured using HPLC, and the levels of estradiol (E),progesterone (P), testosterone (T), FSH, and luteinizing hormone using radioimmunoanalysis. The results show thatat 20 days of age, capsaicin-treated rats have lowernoradrenergic and serotonergic activities in the AH, and that the dopaminergic activity was lower in the MH. These results suggest that the sensorial system connections within the monoaminergic systems of the AH and MH are different.Capsaicin-treated animals had lower T, E, and P levels than in the control group, suggesting that the lower activity in the AH monoaminergic system and lower hormonesecretion could be explained by the blockade of information mediated by the sensory innervation (probably substance P), mainly between the ovary and the AH.
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Moran MJ, Ayala ME, Gallegos E, Romero J, Chavira R, Damián-Matsumura P, Domínguez R. Effects of systemic administration or intrabursal injection of serotonin on puberty, first ovulation and follicular development in rats. Reprod Fertil Dev 2013; 25:1105-14. [PMID: 23174218 DOI: 10.1071/rd12253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 10/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To elucidate the role of serotonin in the onset of puberty, the effects of both systemic and in-ovarian bursa administration of serotonin on the neuroendocrine mechanism that modulates the onset of puberty, follicular development and first ovulation were evaluated. Two experiments were carried out. For the first, 25 or 37.5 mg kg–1 of bodyweight of serotonin creatinine sulfate was administered by a subcutaneous route to 30-day-old female rats. In the second experiment, serotonin creatinine sulfate was administered directly into the ovarian bursa of 34-day-old female rats. Systemic administration of 25 or 37.5 mg kg–1 of serotonin creatinine sulfate induced a delay in the ages of vaginal opening and first vaginal oestrus, a decrease in the number of ovulating animals, and serum concentrations of FSH, LH, oestradiol and progesterone. An increase in the number of Class 3 (>500 μm) and atretic follicles was observed in the ovaries of these animals. The administration of serotonin creatinine sulfate in the ovarian bursa did not modify the onset of puberty and ovulation, but a reduced serum concentration of oestradiol was observed. Our results suggest that serotonin acts on the components of the hypothalamus–hypophysis–ovary axis by modulating follicular development, ovarian functions and the onset of puberty.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Moran
- Unidad de Investigación en Biología de la Reproducción, Laboratorio de Pubertad. Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, UNAM. AP 9-020, CP 15000, México D.F., México
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Cruz-Morales SE, García-Saldívar NL, González-López MR, Castillo-Roberto G, Monroy J, Domínguez R. Acute restriction impairs memory in the elevated T-maze (ETM) and modifies serotonergic activity in the dorsolateral striatum. Behav Brain Res 2008; 195:187-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2008.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2008] [Accepted: 02/14/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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de Jong TR, Snaphaan LJAE, Pattij T, Veening JG, Waldinger MD, Cools AR, Olivier B. Effects of chronic treatment with fluvoxamine and paroxetine during adolescence on serotonin-related behavior in adult male rats. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2006; 16:39-48. [PMID: 16107310 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2005.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2005] [Revised: 06/05/2005] [Accepted: 06/14/2005] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) are designed to treat adults, but are increasingly prescribed for adolescents. SSRIs might cause permanent changes in serotonin-related behavior in adolescents, since their serotonergic system is still developing. Male Wistar rats were treated with paroxetine (15 mg/kg p.o.) or fluvoxamine (30 mg/kg p.o.) throughout adolescence. After a washout period their behavior in the elevated plus-maze, prepulse inhibition test, Forced swimming test and elevated T-maze were studied. In addition, the effects of the 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT on sexual behavior and lower lip retraction were measured. Paroxetine mildly inhibited weight gain during treatment. Both SSRIs caused a reduction in ejaculation frequency and in time spent on the open arm of the elevated plus-maze in adult rats. Fluvoxamine slightly increased avoidance latency in the elevated T-maze compared to paroxetine. No differences between the groups were found in the other tests. Apparently, chronic treatment with SSRIs during adolescence may cause mild changes in adult behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trynke R de Jong
- Department of Anatomy, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, (Intern Mail Nr. 230) Postbus 9101 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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