1
|
Evaluation of Antibacterial Properties of Leaves and Barks of Rhizophora stylosa against Gram-Positive and Gram- Negative Organisms. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.13.2.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
2
|
Rodrigues Neto AA, Gomes Júnior PP, Silva MC, Lima CSA, Yara R, Guimarães EB, Santana ESDE, Silva LADA, Lira EJRVDE, Vieira JRC. Evaluation of embryotoxic and embryostatic effects of the aqueous extract of Rhizophora mangle and tannic acid on eggs and larvae of Aedes aegypti. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2017; 90:2141-2148. [PMID: 29044325 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201720170297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizophora mangle is an abundant plant in mangroves and tannic acid is a polyphenol produced by the secondary metabolism of plants. The aim of the study was to evaluate the embryotoxic and embriostatic effects of the aqueous extract of R. mangle and synthetic tannic acid on eggs and larvae of Aedes aegypti. A. aegypti eggs were exposed in duplicate at concentrations of 250, 500, 750 and 1000 µg/mL of extract and tannic acid for a period of 14 days. Mineral water was used as a negative control. The eggs were observed and counted in a stereomicroscope (1.2x). In all extract concentrations there was stimulation in hatching in relation to the control, but only in concentration of 750 mg/mL it was statistically significant. In tannic acid (250µg/ml) there was significant stimulus in hatching, but in 500, 750 and 1000 µg/mL there was significant inhibition. All concentrations of aqueous extract and tannic acid on larvae showed embryotoxic and embryostatic effects when compared to the control. The aqueous extract of R. mangle showed effect on hatching of A. aegypti eggs and synthetic tannic acid showed embryotoxic and embryostatic effects. On larvae, both the aqueous extract as tannic acid showed embryotoxic and embryostatic effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ageu A Rodrigues Neto
- Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, 50760-420, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Plínio P Gomes Júnior
- Laboratório de Biologia da Unidade de Serra Talhada, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Av. Gregório Ferraz Nogueira, 56909-535, Serra Talhada, PE, Brazil
| | - Mauricio C Silva
- Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, 50760-420, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Cláudia S A Lima
- Departamento de Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, 50760-420 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Yara
- Departamento de Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, 50760-420 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Emília B Guimarães
- Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, 50760-420, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Eduarda S DE Santana
- Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, 50760-420, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Luzia A DA Silva
- Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, 50760-420, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Eduardo J R V DE Lira
- Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, 50760-420, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Jeymesson R C Vieira
- Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, 50760-420, Recife, PE, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Suh SS, Hwang J, Park M, Park HS, Lee TK. Phenol content, antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activity of mangrove plants in Micronesia. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2015; 7:531-5. [PMID: 25063282 DOI: 10.1016/s1995-7645(14)60089-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To find out and compare the in vitro antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of two species of mangrove plants. METHODS Mangrove samples were harvested at the shoreline on the island of Weno, Chuuk State in Micronesia. The phenol content, antioxidant activity (based on DPPH-free radical scavenging) and tyrosinase inhibitory activity in different tissues (leaves, barks and roots) of Rhizophora stylosa (R. stylosa) and Sonneratia alba (S. alba), collected from the island of Weno. RESULTS Total phenol content ranged from 4.87 to 11.96 mg per g of freeze dried samples. The highest antioxidant activity was observed in R. stylosa bark (85.5%). The highest tyrosinase inhibitory activity was found in S. alba bark. Also, total phenol content and antioxidant activity were higher in methanol extracts than in aqueous extracts. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the results of this study proved that mangroves can be excellent sources of antioxidant compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Suk Suh
- South Sea Environment Research Department, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 656-830, Korea
| | - Jinik Hwang
- South Sea Environment Research Department, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 656-830, Korea
| | - Mirye Park
- South Sea Environment Research Department, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 656-830, Korea
| | - Heung-Sik Park
- Korea South Pacific Ocean Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 425-600, 425-600, Korea
| | - Taek-Kyun Lee
- South Sea Environment Research Department, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 656-830, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pandey AK, Gupta PP, Lal VK. Hypoglycemic effect of Rhizophora mucronata in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 11:179-83. [PMID: 24926628 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2012-0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Rhizophora mucronata, plant of Mangroove family, found on the coastal region of India and used in treatment of various diseases. Different parts of plants are used in treatment of diabetes as folkloric medicine. The present study was designed to evaluate the hypoglycemic effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of R. mucronata. Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats were treated with RME (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) and glibenclamide (0.5 mg/kg). Blood glucose levels were evaluated for the acute and sub-acute studies and body weight of rats were also monitored. All the treatments showed the highly significant (p<0.01) hypoglycemic effect in both the acute and the sub-acute studies. RME and glibenclamide treated rats were maintained the body weight during the study period while as the body weight of diabetic rats had gone down. The result of this study scientifically proved the hypoglycemic folkloric use of leaves of R. mucronata in treatment of diabetes.
Collapse
|
5
|
de-Faria FM, Almeida ACA, Luiz-Ferreira A, Takayama C, Dunder RJ, da Silva MA, Salvador MJ, Abdelnur PV, Eberlin MN, Vilegas W, Toma W, Souza-Brito ARM. Antioxidant action of mangrove polyphenols against gastric damage induced by absolute ethanol and ischemia-reperfusion in the rat. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:327071. [PMID: 22654592 PMCID: PMC3361174 DOI: 10.1100/2012/327071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhizophora mangle, the red mangrove, has long been known as a traditional medicine. Its bark has been used as astringent, antiseptic, hemostatic, with antifungic and antiulcerogenic properties. In this paper, we aimed to evaluate the antioxidant properties of a buthanolic fraction of the R. mangle bark extract (RM) against experimental gastric ulcer in rats. Unib-Wh rats received pretreatment of R. mangle after the induction of gastric injury with absolute ethanol and ischemia-reperfusion. Gastric tissues from both methods were prepared to the enzymatic assays, the levels of sulfhydril compounds (GSH), lipid peroxides (LPO), and the activities of glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were measured. The RM protected the gastric mucosa in both methods used, ethanol-induced gastric ulcer and ischemia-reperfusion, probably, by modulating the activities of the enzymes SOD, GPx, and GR and increasing or maintaining the levels of GSH; in adittion, LPO levels were reduced. The results suggest that the RM antioxidant activity leads to tissue protection; thus one of the antiulcer mechanisms present on the pharmacological effects of R. mangle is the antioxidant property.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Meira de-Faria
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, UNICAMP, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sánchez JC, García RF, Cors MTM. 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical and superoxide anion scavenging activity of Rhizophora mangle (L.) bark. Pharmacognosy Res 2011; 2:279-84. [PMID: 21589751 PMCID: PMC3093042 DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.72323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2010] [Revised: 05/09/2010] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Rhizophora mangle (L.) produce a variety of substances that possesses pharmacological actions. Although it shown antioxidant properties in some assays, there is no available information about its effect on some free radical species. So the objective of the present research is to evaluate the DPPH radical and superoxide anion scavenging properties of R. mangle extract and its polyphenol fraction. Methods: Rhizophora mangle (L.) bark aqueous extract and its major constituent, polyphenols fraction, were investigated for their antioxidant activities employing 2 in vitro assay systems: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and superoxide anion radicals scavenging. Results: IC50 for DPPH radical-scavenging activity was 6.7 µg tannins/mL for extract and 7.6 µg tannins/mL for polyphenolic fraction. The extract showed better activity than its fraction (P < 0.05) in the DPPH radicals reducing power. Polyphenolic fraction exhibited better superoxide anion scavenging ability (IC50 = 21.6 µg tannins/mL) than the extract (IC50 = 31.9 µg tannins/mL). Antioxidant activities of both samples increased with the rise of tannins concentration. The comparison of regression lines showed significant differences (P < 0.05) between extract and its polyphenolic fraction in both assays, indicating that extract was more effective in DPPH radical scavenging than its fraction at tannin concentrations below the crossing point of both lines, while that fraction was more effective than extract inhibiting the superoxide anions generation. Conclusions: R. mangle aqueous extract showed a potent antioxidant activity, achieved by the scavenging ability observed against DPPH radicals and superoxide anions. Regarding its polyphenolic composition, the antioxidant effects observed in this study are due, most probably, to the presence of polyphenolic compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janet Calero Sánchez
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Group, National Center of Animal and Plant Health (CENSA), Carretera de Tapaste y Autopista Nacional, Aptdo. #10, San José de Las Lajas, La Habana, Cuba
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li DL, Li XM, Peng ZY, Wang BG. Flavanol derivatives from Rhizophora stylosa and their DPPH radical scavenging activity. Molecules 2007; 12:1163-9. [PMID: 17873850 PMCID: PMC6149341 DOI: 10.3390/12051163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2007] [Revised: 05/15/2007] [Accepted: 05/16/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A new acetylated flavanol, 3,7-O-diacetyl (-)-epicatechin (3), and seven known flavanol derivatives, (-)-epicatechin (1), 3-O-acetyl (-)-epicatechin (2), 3,3',4',5,7-O-pentaacetyl (-)-epicatechin (4), (+)-afzelechin (5), (+)-catechin (6), cinchonain Ib (7), and proanthocyanidin B2 (8), were isolated from the stems and twigs of the mangrove plant Rhizophora stylosa and identified. The crude extract, the different fractions and all of the purified compounds were evaluated for DPPH radical scavenging activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanhai Road 7, Qingdao, 266071, P.R. China; E-mail:
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanhai Road 7, Qingdao, 266071, P.R. China; E-mail:
| | - Ze-Yu Peng
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanhai Road 7, Qingdao, 266071, P.R. China; E-mail:
| | - Bin-Gui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanhai Road 7, Qingdao, 266071, P.R. China; E-mail:
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; Tel.: +86-532-82898553. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Free radical scavenging activity of the marine mangrove Rhizophora apiculata bark extract with reference to naphthalene induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Chem Biol Interact 2006; 163:170-5. [PMID: 16860784 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2006.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2006] [Revised: 06/08/2006] [Accepted: 06/16/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Rhizophora apiculata bark extract was tested for its free radical scavenging activity and protective role against mitochondrial dysfunction in naphthalene stressed rats. Lipid peroxidation activity was increased and activity of mitochondrial enzymes (cytochrome-c-oxidase, NADH-dehydrogenase, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and succinate dehydrogenase) and glutathione was decreased in the liver and kidney of rats intoxicated with naphthalene when compared to control rats. Intraperitoneal administration of plant extract significantly reduced the lipid peroxidation, increased the activity of mitochondrial enzymes and increased glutathione to near control levels. These results suggest that the sulfated polysaccharides in R. apiculata play a protective role through their free radical scavenging properties.
Collapse
|
9
|
Marrero E, Sánchez J, de Armas E, Escobar A, Melchor G, Abad MJ, Bermejo P, Villar AM, Megías J, Alcaraz MJ. COX-2 and sPLA2 inhibitory activity of aqueous extract and polyphenols of Rhizophora mangle (red mangrove). Fitoterapia 2006; 77:313-5. [PMID: 16698195 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2006.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2005] [Accepted: 03/25/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The aqueous extract of Rhizophora mangle bark and its polyphenolic fractions showed remarkable in vitro antiinflammatory activity in a preliminary study. The low molecular weight fraction exhibited cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitory activity while the total aqueous extract and the low molecular weight fraction showed secretory phospholipase A(2) inhibitory activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evangelina Marrero
- National Center for Animal and Plant Health, CENSA, Apdo 10, San José de las Lajas, La Habana, Cuba.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
New Guinean mangroves — traditional usage and chemistry of natural products. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03043698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
11
|
Sánchez J, Melchor G, Martínez G, Escobar A, Faure R. Antioxidant activity of Rhizophora mangle bark. Fitoterapia 2006; 77:141-3. [PMID: 16436316 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2005.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2004] [Accepted: 11/17/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The antioxidant activity of Rhizophora mangle bark aqueous extract and its majoritary component and high molecular weight polyphenols' fraction were studied using deoxyribose assay. The total extract and its fraction showed scavenging activity of hydroxyl radicals and hability to chelate iron ions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janet Sánchez
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Group, National Center of Animal and Plant Health (CENSA), Carretera de Tapaste y Autopista Nacional, San José de las Lajas, La Habana, Cuba.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Berenguer B, Sánchez LM, Quílez A, López-Barreiro M, de Haro O, Gálvez J, Martín MJ. Protective and antioxidant effects of Rhizophora mangle L. against NSAID-induced gastric ulcers. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2006; 103:194-200. [PMID: 16182483 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2005.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2004] [Revised: 06/21/2005] [Accepted: 08/04/2005] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The bark of Rhizophora mangle, the red mangrove, has been used traditionally in folk medicine of Caribbean countries due to its antiseptic, astringent, haemostatic and antifungal properties. Aqueous extracts are rich in tannins and have been proven experimentally to possess antibacterial, wound healing and antiulcerogenic effects. This work was designed to determine the gastroprotective effect of Rhizophora mangle in a model of diclofenac-induced ulcers in rats and to study the mechanisms involved, using the proton pump inhibitor omeprazole as a comparison. The lyophilized extract was given by oral gavage (125 and 62.5mg/kg) three times at 12h intervals before administering diclofenac 100mg/kg. Pretreatment with the extract resulted in a significant decrease of the ulcerated area (P<0.01). Rhizophora mangle induced a recovery of PGE(2) levels, which had been depleted by diclofenac. No anti-inflammatory effect was observed ex vivo or in vitro. The highest dose of the extract provoked a marked increase in glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity, which was comparable to omeprazole. Furthermore, lipid peroxidation levels were inhibited in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that the gastroprotective effect of Rhizophora mangle in this experimental model appears through an antioxidant and prostaglandin-dependent way.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Berenguer
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Profesor García González Street No. 2, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|