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Rafiee F, Nejati V, Heidari R, Ashraf H. Protective effect of methanolic extract of Berberis integerrima Bunge. root on carbon tetrachloride-induced testicular injury in Wistar rats. Int J Reprod Biomed 2016. [DOI: 10.29252/ijrm.14.2.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Kameshwara S, Kothai A, Jothimaniv C, Senthilkum R. Evaluation of Hepatoprotective Activity of Tecoma stans Flowers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.5567/pharmacologia.2013.236.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Goel A, Parihar A, Mishra P, Varshney S, Nag P, Beg M, Gaikwad A, Rath SK. Design and synthesis of novel pyranone-based insulin sensitizers exhibiting in vivo hepatoprotective activity. MEDCHEMCOMM 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3md00178d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Sakurai T, Kudo M, Umemura A, He G, Elsharkawy AM, Seki E, Karin M. p38α inhibits liver fibrogenesis and consequent hepatocarcinogenesis by curtailing accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Cancer Res 2012; 73:215-24. [PMID: 23271722 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-1602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Most hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) develop in the context of severe liver fibrosis and cirrhosis caused by chronic liver inflammation, which also results in accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we examined whether the stress-activated protein kinase p38α (Mapk14) controls ROS metabolism and development of fibrosis and cancer in mice given thioacetamide to induce chronic liver injury. Liver-specific p38α ablation was found to enhance ROS accumulation, which appears to be exerted through the reduced expression of antioxidant protein HSP25 (Hspb1), a mouse homolog of HSP27. Its reexpression in p38α-deficient liver prevents ROS accumulation and thioacetamide-induced fibrosis. p38α deficiency increased expression of SOX2, a marker for cancer stem cells and the liver oncoproteins c-Jun (Jun) and Gankyrin (Psmd10) and led to enhanced thioacetamide-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. The upregulation of SOX2 and c-Jun was prevented by administration of the antioxidant butylated hydroxyanisole. Intriguingly, the risk of human HCC recurrence is positively correlated with ROS accumulation in liver. Thus, p38α and its target HSP25/HSP27 appear to play a conserved and critical hepatoprotective function by curtailing ROS accumulation in liver parenchymal cells engaged in oxidative metabolism of exogenous chemicals. Augmented oxidative stress of liver parenchymal cells may explain the close relationship between liver fibrosis and hepatocarcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiharu Sakurai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kinki University, Ohnohigashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan
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Investigation of hepatoprotective activity of induced pluripotent stem cells in the mouse model of liver injury. J Biomed Biotechnol 2011; 2011:219060. [PMID: 21808596 PMCID: PMC3144694 DOI: 10.1155/2011/219060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2011] [Accepted: 05/27/2011] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
To date liver transplantation is the only effective treatment for end-stage liver diseases. Considering the potential of pluripotency and differentiation into tridermal lineages, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) may serve as an alternative of cell-based therapy. Herein, we investigated the effect of iPSC transplantation on thioacetamide- (TAA-) induced acute/fulminant hepatic failure (AHF) in mice. Firstly, we demonstrated that iPSCs had the capacity to differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells (iPSC-Heps) that expressed various hepatic markers, including albumin, α-fetoprotein, and hepatocyte nuclear factor-3β, and exhibited biological functions. Intravenous transplantation of iPSCs effectively reduced the hepatic necrotic area, improved liver functions and motor activity, and rescued TAA-treated mice from lethal AHF. 1,1′-dioctadecyl-3,3,3′,3′-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate cell labeling revealed that iPSCs potentially mobilized to the damaged liver area. Taken together, iPSCs can effectively rescue experimental AHF and represent a potentially favorable cell source of cell-based therapy.
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Kadir FA, Othman F, Abdulla MA, Hussan F, Hassandarvish P. Effect of Tinospora crispa on thioacetamide-induced liver cirrhosis in rats. Indian J Pharmacol 2011; 43:64-8. [PMID: 21455425 PMCID: PMC3062125 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.75673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2010] [Revised: 09/24/2010] [Accepted: 10/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to determine the effect of ethanolic extract of the dried stems of Tinospora crispa in a male rat model of hepatic fibrosis caused by the hepatotoxin, thioacetamide. MATERIALS AND METHODS The extract was gavaged daily to the rats, at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg along with thioacetamide at a dose of 200 mg/kg twice weekly. To assess the effectivity of extract, against thioacetamide, the activity of aminotransferases (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase), alkaline phosphatase (AP); and bilirubin were measured, together with morphological and histopathological indices in the liver of healthy and thioacetamide-treated rats. RESULTS A significant increase in the activity of liver enzymes, bilirubin and G-glutamyl transferase and gross and histopathological changes were determined. Although previous in vitro study established that this extract had strong antioxidant activity, this in vivo study establishes that this extract contains hepatotoxins whose identity may be quite different from those compounds with antioxidant properties. CONCLUSION The study confirms that complete reliance on data obtained using in vitro methodologies may lead to erroneous conclusions pertaining to the safety of phytopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farkaad A Kadir
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Kim NH, Hyun SH, Jin CH, Lee SK, Lee DW, Jeon TW, Lee JS, Chun YJ, Lee ES, Jeong TC. Pretreatment with 1,8-cineole potentiates thioacetamide-induced hepatotoxicity and immunosuppression. Arch Pharm Res 2005; 27:781-9. [PMID: 15357008 DOI: 10.1007/bf02980149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The effect of 1,8-cineole on cytochrome P450 (CYP) expression was investigated in male Sprague Dawley rats and female BALB/c mice. When rats were treated orally with 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg of 1,8-cineole for 3 consecutive days, the liver microsomal activities of benzyloxyresorufin- and pentoxyresorufin-omicron-dealkylases and erythromycin N-demethylase were dose-dependently induced. The Western immunoblotting analyses clearly indicated the induction of CYP 2B1/2 and CYP 3A1/2 proteins by 1,8-cineole. At the doses employed, 1,8-cineole did not cause toxicity, including hepatotoxicity. Subsequently, 1,8-cineole was applied to study the role of metabolic activation in thioacetamide-induced hepatotoxicity and/or immunotoxicity in animal models. To investigate a possible role of metabolic activation by CYP enzymes in thioacetamide-induced hepatotoxicity, rats were pre-treated with 800 mg/kg of 1 ,8-cineole for 3 days, followed by a single intraperitoneal treatment with 50 and 100 mg/kg of thioacetamide in saline. 24 h later, thioacetamide-induced hepatotoxicity was significantly potentiated by the pretreatment with 1,8-cineole. When female BALB/c mice were pretreated with 800 mg/kg of 1,8-cineole for 3 days, followed by a single intraperitoneal treatment with 100 mg/kg of thioacetamide, the antibody response to sheep red blood cells was significantly potentiated. In addition, the liver microsomal activities of CYP 2B enzymes were significantly induced by 1,8-cineole as in rats. Taken together, our results indicated that 1,8-cineole might be a useful CYP modulator in investigating the possible role of metabolic activation in chemical-induced hepatotoxicity and immunotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Hee Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Kyungsan 712-749, Korea
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Robottom-Ferreira AB, Aquino SR, Queiroga R, Albano RM, Ribeiro Pinto LF. Expression of CYP2A3 mRNA and its regulation by 3-methylcholanthrene, pyrazole, and beta-ionone in rat tissues. Braz J Med Biol Res 2003; 36:839-44. [PMID: 12845369 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2003000700003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2A enzymes are involved in the metabolism of numerous drugs and hormones and activate different carcinogens. Human CYP2A6, mouse CYP2A5 and rat CYP2A3 are orthologous enzymes that present high similarity in their amino acid sequence and share substrate specificities. However, different from the human and mouse enzyme, CYP2A3 is not expressed in the rat liver. There are limited data about expression of CYP2A3 in extrahepatic tissues and its regulation by typical CYP inducers. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to analyze CYP2A3 mRNA expression in different rat tissues by RT-PCR, and to study the influence of 3-methylcholanthrene, pyrazole and -ionone treatment on its expression. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups of 5 rats each, and were treated ip for 4 days with 3-methylcholanthrene (25 mg/kg body weight), pyrazole (150 mg/kg body weight), -ionone (1 g/kg body weight), or vehicle. Total RNA was extracted from tissues and CYP2A3 mRNA levels were analyzed by semiquantitative RT-PCR. CYP2A3 mRNA was constitutively expressed in the esophagus, lung and nasal epithelium, but not along the intestine, liver, or kidney. CYP2A3 mRNA levels were increased in the esophagus by treatment with 3-methylcholanthrene and pyrazole (17- and 7-fold, respectively), in lung by pyrazole and -ionone (3- and 4-fold, respectively, although not statistically significant), in the distal part of the intestine and kidney by 3-methylcholanthrene and pyrazole, and in the proximal part of the intestine by pyrazole. CYP2A3 mRNA was not induced in nasal epithelium, liver or in the middle part of the intestine. These data show that, in the rat, CYP2A3 is constitutively expressed in several extrahepatic tissues and its regulation occurs through a complex mechanism that is essentially tissue specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Robottom-Ferreira
- Laboratório de Toxicologia e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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Jeong HG, Chun YJ, Yun CH, Moon CK, Lee HS, Han SS, Lee ES, Jeong TC. Induction of cytochrome P450 1A and 2B by alpha- and beta-ionone in Sprague Dawley rats. Arch Pharm Res 2002; 25:197-201. [PMID: 12009035 DOI: 10.1007/bf02976563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Beta-lonone has been reported to induce the cytochrome P450 (P450) 281 in rats. In this study, the effects of beta-ionone and an isomer, alpha-ionone, on liver P450 1A and 2B expression in Sprague Dawley rats were investigated. Subcutaneous administration of alpha- and beta-ionone 72 and 48 hr prior to sacrificing the animals induced the liver microsomal P450 1A and 2B proteins. P450 2B1 induction was associated with the accumulation of its corresponding mRNA. Induction by beta-ionone was much higher than that by a-ionone in both the mRNA and protein levels. When the route of administration was compared, P450 2B was induced more strongly after oral administration compared to that after subcutaneous injection. A single oral dose of 100, 300 and 600 mg/kg of alpha- and beta-ionone for 24 h induced P450 2B1-selective pentoxyresorufin O-depentylase activity comparably in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, alpha- and beta-ionone induced the P450 1A and 2B proteins. These results suggest that alpha- and beta-ionone might be potent P450 281 inducers in rats, and that both ionones may be useful for examining the role of metabolic activation in chemical-induced toxicity where metabolic activation is required.
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Kim KH, Bae JH, Cha SW, Han SS, Park KH, Jeong TC. Role of metabolic activation by cytochrome P450 in thioacetamide-induced suppression of antibody response in male BALB/c mice. Toxicol Lett 2000; 114:225-35. [PMID: 10713488 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4274(00)00168-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Effects of thioacetamide on antibody response to sheep red blood cells were investigated in male BALB/c mice. When mice were treated intraperitoneally with thioacetamide once, the antibody response was significantly suppressed at 200 mg/kg with hepatotoxicity. When mice were treated intraperitoneally with thioacetamide for 7 consecutive days, the antibody response was suppressed at 50 mg/kg without hepatotoxicity. To determine the possible role of metabolic activation by cytochrome P450 in thioacetamide-induced suppression of antibody response, mice were pretreated with phenobarbital intraperitoneally for 3 days, followed by intraperitoneal administration of 100 mg/kg of thioacetamide for 3 days. The elevated activities of serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase by thioacetamide were potentiated by phenobarbital pretreatment. The suppression of antibody response by thioacetamide was potentiated by phenobarbital. In liver microsomes, the activities of P450 2B-specific enzymes were induced by phenobarbital. Our present results suggest that thioacetamide may require metabolic activation by P450 to its immunosuppressive form(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Kim
- Toxicology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 107, Yusung, Taejon, South Korea
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