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Cheng X, Ma D, Fei G, Ma Z, Xiao F, Yu Q, Pan X, Zhou F, Zhao L, Zhong C. A single-step method for simultaneous quantification of thiamine and its phosphate esters in whole blood sample by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1095:103-111. [PMID: 30056266 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Thiamine and its phosphate esters play vital physiological roles and thiamine deficiency causes deleterious effects on human body. It is important to quantify accurately the thiamine metabolites in body fluids. However, due to the lack of appropriate internal standards, poor inter-laboratory standardization and time-consuming pretreatment procedure, the existing methods are limited in clinical applications. Hence, we developed a single-step HPLC-MS/MS method for accurate and precise measurement of thiamine and its phosphate esters in human whole blood. Whole blood samples were deproteinized and the supernatants were collected. The levels of thiamine diphosphate (TDP), thiamine monophosphate (TMP), and thiamine were determined by HPLC-MS/MS method after adding isotopic internal standards. The method was linear from 15.625-3.125-1.563 nmol/L to 1000-200-100 nmol/L for TDP-TMP-thiamine. The lower limit of quantification was 15.625-3.125-1.563 nmol/L. The intra-day and inter-day precisions and accuracy for all QCs samples were ≤15.9% and ≤11.1%, respectively. The matrix effect was not significant. Recoveries were 103.7% for TDP, 102.7% for TMP, and 105.3% for thiamine. All QCs were stable for three freeze-thaw cycles, or at room temperature for 3 h, or at -80 °C for 15 days. We compared this new method with an established HPLC method based on derivatization of thiamine metabolites. It is found that this method correlated well with HPLC method for TDP determination (R2 = 0.93). However, the correlation was not ideal for TMP (R2 = 0.40) or thiamine (R2 = 0.72) determination. Subject's diet was shown to have no significant effect on the concentrations of thiamine metabolites in their blood samples. To conclude, we developed a single-step, non-derivatization HPLC-MS/MS method that can detect thiamine and its phosphate esters in human whole blood accurately and quickly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, State Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan university, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Ma
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, State Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan university, Shanghai, China; Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai 200063, China
| | - Guoqiang Fei
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, State Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan university, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengyao Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan university, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Xiao
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiujian Yu
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, State Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan university, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoli Pan
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, State Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan university, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunjiu Zhong
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, State Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan university, Shanghai, China.
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Collie JTB, Greaves RF, Jones OAH, Lam Q, Eastwood GM, Bellomo R. Vitamin B1 in critically ill patients: needs and challenges. Clin Chem Lab Med 2017; 55:1652-1668. [PMID: 28432843 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2017-0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thiamine has a crucial role in energy production, and consequently thiamine deficiency (TD) has been associated with cardiac failure, neurological disorders, oxidative stress (lactic acidosis and sepsis) and refeeding syndrome (RFS). This review aims to explore analytical methodologies of thiamine compound quantification and highlight similarities, variances and limitations of current techniques and how they may be relevant to patients. CONTENT An electronic search of Medline, PubMed and Embase databases for original articles published in peer-reviewed journals was conducted. MethodsNow was used to search for published analytical methods of thiamine compounds. Keywords for all databases included "thiamine and its phosphate esters", "thiamine methodology" and terms related to critical illness. Enquiries were also made to six external quality assurance (EQA) programme organisations for the inclusion of thiamine measurement. SUMMARY A total of 777 published articles were identified; 122 were included in this review. The most common published method is HPLC with florescence detection. Two of the six EQA organisations include a thiamine measurement programme, both measuring only whole-blood thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP). No standard measurement procedure for thiamine compound quantification was identified. OUTLOOK Overall, there is an absence of standardisation in measurement methodologies for thiamine in clinical care. Consequently, multiple variations in method practises are prohibiting the comparison of study results as they are not traceable to any higher order reference. Traceability of certified reference materials and reference measurement procedures is needed to provide an anchor to create the link between studies and help bring consensus on the clinical importance of thiamine.
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Zhang X, Tang X, Gibson B, Daly TM. Simple HPLC Method with Internal Standard for Evaluation of Vitamin B1Status By Use of Whole Blood. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 2:367-379. [DOI: 10.1373/jalm.2017.024349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Zhu Z, Varadi G, Carter SG. Pharmacokinetics of the transdermal delivery of benfotiamine. Acta Diabetol 2016; 53:317-22. [PMID: 26141141 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-015-0776-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Accumulation of advanced glycation endpoints is a trigger to the development of diabetic peripheral neuropathy, which is a common complication of diabetes. Oral administration of benfotiamine (BFT) has shown some preclinical and clinical promise as a treatment for diabetic peripheral neuropathy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the method of transdermal delivery of BFT as a possible, viable route of administration for the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. METHODS A single application of 10 mg of BFT was given to guinea pigs topically. The levels of thiamine (T), thiamine monophosphate, thiamine diphosphate, S-benzoylthiamine and BFT were measured in the blood, skin and muscle at different time points within 24 h. RESULTS At the 24-h time point, following the single BFT dose, the T level was increased 10× in the blood, more than 7× in the skin and almost 4× in the muscle compared to the untreated animals. The total T content (total) was increased 7× in the blood, 17× in the skin and 3× in the muscle compared to the untreated animals. CONCLUSIONS This strong increase in the tissue levels of T and the associated metabolic derivatives levels found in the blood and local tissues following a single dose indicate that topically applied BFT may be a viable and advantageous delivery method for the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhu
- BioChemics Inc., 99 Rosewood Drive, Suite 270, Danvers, MA, 01923-4537, USA.
| | - Gyula Varadi
- BioChemics Inc., 99 Rosewood Drive, Suite 270, Danvers, MA, 01923-4537, USA
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5
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Basiri B, Sutton JM, Hanberry BS, Zastre JA, Bartlett MG. Ion pair liquid chromatography method for the determination of thiamine (vitamin B1) homeostasis. Biomed Chromatogr 2015; 30:35-41. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Babak Basiri
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences; The University of Georgia College of Pharmacy; 250 W. Green Street Athens GA 30602-2352 USA
| | - James Michael Sutton
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences; The University of Georgia College of Pharmacy; 250 W. Green Street Athens GA 30602-2352 USA
| | - Bradley S. Hanberry
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences; The University of Georgia College of Pharmacy; 250 W. Green Street Athens GA 30602-2352 USA
| | - Jason A. Zastre
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences; The University of Georgia College of Pharmacy; 250 W. Green Street Athens GA 30602-2352 USA
| | - Michael G. Bartlett
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences; The University of Georgia College of Pharmacy; 250 W. Green Street Athens GA 30602-2352 USA
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Whitfield KC, Karakochuk CD, Liu Y, McCann A, Talukder A, Kroeun H, Ward M, McNulty H, Lynd LD, Kitts DD, Li-Chan ECY, McLean J, Green TJ. Poor thiamin and riboflavin status is common among women of childbearing age in rural and urban Cambodia. J Nutr 2015; 145:628-33. [PMID: 25733481 DOI: 10.3945/jn.114.203604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thiamin deficiency in infancy is the underlying cause of beriberi, which can be fatal without rapid treatment. Reports of thiamin deficiency are common in Cambodia; however, population representative data are unavailable. Because B-complex vitamin deficiencies commonly occur in combination, riboflavin was also investigated. OBJECTIVE We determined the biomarker status of thiamin and riboflavin in women of childbearing age in rural and urban Cambodia. METHODS We measured thiamin (erythrocyte thiamin diphosphate; TDP) and riboflavin (erythrocyte glutathione reductase activity coefficient; EGRac) status in a representative sample of Cambodian women (aged 20-45 y) in urban Phnom Penh (n = 146) and rural Prey Veng (n = 156), Cambodia, and, for comparison purposes, in a convenience sample of women in urban Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (n = 49). RESULTS Thiamin insufficiency (TDP ≤ 90 nmol/L) was common among both urban (39%) and rural (59%) Cambodian women (P < 0.001), whereas <20% of Vancouver women were thiamin insufficient (P < 0.001). The prevalence of suboptimal and deficient riboflavin status (EGRac ≥ 1.3) was 89%, 92%, and 70% among women in Phnom Penh, Prey Veng, and Vancouver, respectively (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Suboptimal status of both thiamin and riboflavin were common in Cambodian women, with substantially higher rates among women living in rural Prey Veng than in urban Phnom Penh. Strategies may be needed to improve the thiamin and riboflavin status of women in Cambodia. The unexpected finding of high riboflavin inadequacy status in Vancouver women warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Adrian McCann
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland; and
| | | | - Hou Kroeun
- Helen Keller International, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Mary Ward
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland; and
| | - Helene McNulty
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland; and
| | - Larry D Lynd
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Vitamin B1 and B6 method harmonization: Comparison of performance between laboratories enrolled in the RCPA Quality Assurance Program. Clin Biochem 2013; 46:772-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2013.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2012] [Revised: 01/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Coats D, Shelton-Dodge K, Ou K, Khun V, Seab S, Sok K, Prou C, Tortorelli S, Moyer TP, Cooper LE, Begley TP, Enders F, Fischer PR, Topazian M. Thiamine deficiency in Cambodian infants with and without beriberi. J Pediatr 2012; 161:843-7. [PMID: 22703952 PMCID: PMC6040653 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2012.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2011] [Revised: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To test the hypothesis that heavy metal toxicity and consumption of thiaminase-containing foods predispose to symptomatic thiamine deficiency. STUDY DESIGN In a case-control study, thiamine diphosphate (TDP) blood concentrations were measured in 27 infants diagnosed with beriberi at a rural clinic, as well as their mothers and healthy Cambodian and American controls. Blood and urine levels of lead, arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and thallium were measured. Local food samples were analyzed for thiaminase activity. RESULTS Mean TDP level among cases and Cambodian controls was 48 and 56 nmol/L, respectively (P = .08) and was 132 nmol/L in American controls (P < .0001 compared with both Cambodian groups). Mean TDP level of mothers of cases and Cambodian controls was 57 and 57 nmol/L (P = .92), and was 126 nmol/L in American mothers (P < .0001 compared with both Cambodian groups). Cases (but not controls) had lower blood TDP levels than their mothers (P = .02). Infant TDP level decreased with infant age and was positively associated with maternal TDP level. Specific diagnostic criteria for beriberi did not correlate with TDP level. There was no correlation between heavy metal levels and either TDP level or case/control status. No thiaminase activity was observed in food samples. CONCLUSIONS Thiamine deficiency is endemic among infants and nursing mothers in rural southeastern Cambodia and is often clinically inapparent. Neither heavy metal toxicity nor consumption of thiaminase-containing foods account for thiamine deficiency in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debra Coats
- Eastern Mennonite Mission, Prey Veng, Cambodia
| | | | - Kevanna Ou
- National Maternal and Child Health Center, National Nutrition Program
| | - Vannara Khun
- University of Health Science, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Sommon Seab
- Svai Chrum Clinic, Mesang District, Prey Veng, Cambodia
| | - Kimsan Sok
- Life University, Sihanoukville, Cambodia
| | - Chiva Prou
- Life University, Sihanoukville, Cambodia
| | - Silvia Tortorelli
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Thomas P. Moyer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Lisa E. Cooper
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Tadhg P. Begley
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Felicity Enders
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Philip R. Fischer
- Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Mark Topazian
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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Zeeb M, Ganjali MR, Norouzi P. Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction followed by spectrofluorimetry as a simple and accurate technique for determination of thiamine (vitamin B1). Mikrochim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-009-0282-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Determination of thiamin diphosphate in whole blood samples by high-performance liquid chromatography—A method suitable for pediatric diagnostics. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2009; 877:1882-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2009.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2009] [Revised: 05/08/2009] [Accepted: 05/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Thiamine (vitamin B(1)) deficiency is associated with severe diseases such as beriberi and Wernicke encephalopathy. Although most Americans have sufficient dietary intake, thiamine deficiency is observed in the alcohol-dependent and elderly populations. Measurement of thiamine concentration in whole blood provides an assessment of vitamin B(1) status in at-risk individuals. METHOD We used TCA to precipitate proteins in whole blood. Thiamine and its phosphate esters were derivatized using potassium ferricyanide to thiochromes, which were separated by gradient elution on a reversed-phase HPLC column and detected by fluorescence. The method was validated for linearity, limit of quantification, imprecision, accuracy, and interference. Results obtained with this method were compared with those produced by the method currently used in our clinical laboratory. Reference values of thiamine and its phosphate esters were determined in samples obtained from self-reported healthy adults who were not taking vitamin supplements. To shorten analysis time, our method used whole blood rather than washed erythrocytes, did not require lengthy enzymatic dephosphorylation, and had a simple mobile phase. RESULTS The method was linear to 4000 nmol/L. The lower limit of quantification was 3 nmol/L. The within-run CV was <3.5% and total CV was <9.4%. This method correlated with our current method (r = 0.97). Approximately 90% of the total thiamine content in whole blood was present as thiamine diphosphate (TDP). The means (ranges) for an apparently healthy population were 114 (70-179) nmol/L for TDP and 125 (75-194) nmol/L for total thiamine. Results for separation and measurement of free thiamine and thiamine phosphate esters in whole blood were obtained within 5.5 min. CONCLUSION We developed an HPLC method that allows separation and measurement of free thiamine and thiamine phosphate esters in whole blood and provides more rapid results than other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lu
- ARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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12
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A Cloud Point Extraction-Spectrofluorimetric Method for Determination of Thiamine in Urine. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2006. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2006.27.10.1604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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13
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Israel-Ballard K, Chantry C, Dewey K, Lönnerdal B, Sheppard H, Donovan R, Carlson J, Sage A, Abrams B. Viral, Nutritional, and Bacterial Safety of Flash-Heated and Pretoria-Pasteurized Breast Milk to Prevent Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV in Resource-Poor Countries. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2005; 40:175-81. [PMID: 16186735 DOI: 10.1097/01.qai.0000178929.15904.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heat-treated breast milk of HIV-positive mothers has potential to reduce vertical transmission. This study compared the impact of flash-heating (FH) and Pretoria pasteurization (PP) on HIV, nutrients, and antimicrobial properties in human milk. METHODS Milk samples were spiked with 1 x 10 (8) copies/mL of clade C HIV-1 and treated with FH and PP. We measured HIV reverse transcriptase (RT) activity before and after heating (n = 5). Heat impact on vitamins A, B6, B12, and C; folate, riboflavin, thiamin, and antimicrobial proteins (lactoferrin and lysozyme) was assessed. Storage safety was evaluated by spiking with Escherichia coli or Staphylococcus aureus. RESULTS Both methods inactivated > or = 3 logs of HIV-1. FH resulted in undetectable RT activity. Neither method caused significant decrease in any vitamin, although reductions in vitamins C and E were noted. Heat decreased immunoreactive lactoferrin (P < 0.05) but not the proportions of lactoferrin and lysozyme surviving digestion. FH seems to retain more antibacterial activity. Both treatments eliminated spiked bacteria. CONCLUSIONS FH may be superior to PP in eliminating all viral activity; both methods retained nutrients and destroyed bacterial contamination. Heat-treated breast milk merits further study as a safe and practical infant feeding option for HIV-positive mothers in developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiersten Israel-Ballard
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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van Landeghem BAJ, Puts J, Claessens HA. The analysis of thiamin and its derivatives in whole blood samples under high pH conditions of the mobile phase. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2005; 822:316-21. [PMID: 15985389 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2005.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2004] [Revised: 05/13/2005] [Accepted: 05/21/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study a protocol for the analysis of thiamin and thiamin coenzymes in whole blood was developed. Thiamin and its coenzymes are analyzed by reversed phase liquid chromatography (RPLC), precolumn derivatisation with alkaline potassium ferricyanide and fluorescence detection, all at pH 10. Under these relatively high pH conditions the detectability of the analytes and the robustness of the method were substantially improved. The use of a high pH resistant RPLC column was a crucial step in developing this analysis method. Reproducibility, linearity, recovery, detection limit and column robustness were investigated. The within-batch CV was <2.5%, the between-batch CV <4.5%. The method was linear far above the physiological relevant concentration level. Recovery was almost 100% on an average. The limit of quantification was 1 nmol/l. The robustness of the RPLC column proved to be very high. Up to 1500 injections hardly any substantial changes in retention times and efficiency were observed. In summary: Using a high pH resistant RPLC column resulted in a robust, sensitive and precise method for the analysis of total Vitamin B1 and especially of TDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart A J van Landeghem
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, St. Elisabeth Hospital, P.O. Box 90151, 5000 LC Tilburg, The Netherlands
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15
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Mancinelli R, Ceccanti M, Guiducci MS, Sasso GF, Sebastiani G, Attilia ML, Allen JP. Simultaneous liquid chromatographic assessment of thiamine, thiamine monophosphate and thiamine diphosphate in human erythrocytes: a study on alcoholics. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2003; 789:355-63. [PMID: 12742126 DOI: 10.1016/s1570-0232(03)00139-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
An isocratic HPLC procedure for the assessment of thiamine (T), thiamine monophosphate (TMP) and thiamine diphosphate (TDP) in human erythrocytes is described. Several aspects of the procedure make it suitable for both clinical and research purposes: limits of detection and quantification of 1 and 2.5 nmol/l, respectively, recovery of 102% on average (range 93-112%), intra- and inter-day precisions within 5 and 9%, respectively, total elution time 15 min. This analytical methodology was applied to a case-control study on erythrocyte samples from 103 healthy subjects and 36 alcohol-dependent patients at risk of thiamine deficiency. Mean control values obtained were: T=89.6+/-22.7 nmol/l, TMP=4.4+/-6.6 nmol/l and TDP=222.23+/-56.3 nmol/l. T and TDP mean values of alcoholics were significantly lower than those of control cases: T=69.4+/-35.9 nmol/l (P<0.001) and TDP=127.4+/-62.5 nmol/l (P<10(-5)). The diagnostic role of TDP was evaluated and a significant role for thiamine was established in the study of alcohol related problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Mancinelli
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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16
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Viñas P, López-Erroz C, Balsalobre N, Hernández-Córdoba M. Comparison of ion-pair and amide-based column reversed-phase liquid chromatography for the separation of thiamine-related compounds. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 2001; 757:301-8. [PMID: 11417875 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(01)00163-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Two reversed-phase chromatographic methods for the separation of thiamine and related compounds are compared. The first procedure is based on the ion-pair technique using an octadecylsilica column, while the second uses a new amide-based stationary phase, which avoids the need to form ion-pairs, leading to narrower peaks and a simpler mobile phase. Analyses were performed by gradient elution and a photo-diode array was used for detection. Specificity was demonstrated by the retention characteristics, UV spectra and by comparing the peak purity index with commercial standards. The procedures were applied to the determination of thiamine-related compounds in pharmaceutical preparations and urine. No preliminary sample treatment was required.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Viñas
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Spain
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Abstract
High-performance liquid chromatographic methods for the determination of thiamine (vitamin B1) in foodstuffs or biological tissues and fluids are outlined and discussed. The methods are often similar and interchangeable, sample extraction and clean up procedures being the major difference. Most of the methods use either ultraviolet or fluorescence detection. Fluorescence detection requires either precolumn or postcolumn oxidation of thiamine to thiochrome. A number of methods are recommended and problems with standardization are emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- P L Lynch
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Altnagelvin Area Hospital, Londonderry, Northern Ireland, UK
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18
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Talwar D, Davidson H, Cooney J, St. JO’Reilly D. Vitamin B1 Status Assessed by Direct Measurement of Thiamin Pyrophosphate in Erythrocytes or Whole Blood by HPLC: Comparison with Erythrocyte Transketolase Activation Assay. Clin Chem 2000. [DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/46.5.704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The concentration of thiamin diphosphate (TDP) in erythrocytes is a useful index of thiamin status. We describe an HPLC method for TDP and its results in patients at risk of thiamin deficiency.
Methods: We used reversed-phase HPLC with postcolumn derivatization with alkaline potassium ferricyanide and fluorescence detection. Samples were deproteinized and injected directly onto a C18 column. TDP concentrations in erythrocytes were compared with those in whole blood. Reference intervals for erythrocyte TDP (n = 147; 79 males and 68 females; mean age, 54 years) and whole blood TDP (n = 124; 68 males and 56 females; mean age, 54 years) were determined in an apparently healthy population. We compared erythrocyte TDP with results of the erythrocyte transketolase activation test in 63 patients who were considered at risk of thiamin deficiency.
Results: The method was linear to at least 200 μg/L. The between-run CV was <8%. The lower limit of quantification for both whole blood and packed erythrocytes was 300 pg on column with a detection limit of 130 pg on column. Recovery of TDP from blood samples was >90%. TDP in erythrocytes correlated strongly with that in whole blood (r = 0.97). Reference intervals for erythrocyte and whole blood TDP were 280–590 ng/g hemoglobin and 275–675 ng/g hemoglobin, respectively. Of the 63 patients suspected of thiamin deficiency, 46 were normal by both TDP and activation tests, 13 were deficient by both tests, 1 was deficient by the activation test but had normal erythrocyte TDP concentrations, and 4 were normal by the activation test but had low TDP.
Conclusions: The HPLC method is precise and yields results similar to the erythrocyte activation assay.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Denis St. JO’Reilly
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Macewen Building, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow G4 0SF, United Kingdom
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Roth M, Uebelhart D. Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection in the Analysis of Biological Fluids. ANAL LETT 2000. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710008543195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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