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Abo Elkheir SM, Zeid AM, Nasr JJM, Walash MI. First derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetric analysis of bisoprolol fumarate and ivabradine in pharmaceutical and biological matrices. Investigation of the method greenness. LUMINESCENCE 2022; 37:1657-1665. [PMID: 35834392 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A novel, facile, rapid, and precise synchronous spectrofluorimetric method was evolved for the simultaneous estimation of bisoprolol fumarate and ivabradine in dosage forms and biological fluids. The estimation is based on measuring the first derivative of the synchronous fluorescence spectra of ivabradine and bisoprolol fumarate in ethanol at Δλ = 80nm. The peak amplitudes are measured at 234.4 nm (zero-crossing point of ivabradine) and 244.0 nm (zero-crossing point of bisoprolol fumarate) to simultaneously analyse bisoprolol fumarate and ivabradine, respectively. The spectrofluorimetric method was optimized by investigating different solvent systems, pH values, and surfactants. The proposed method was linear over concentration ranges of 30.0-200.0 ng/mL and 30.0-180.0 ng/mL for ivabradine and bisoprolol fumarate, respectively with detection limits of 4.88 and 5.28 ng/ml. The developed method was employed for individual assay of the studied compounds in their pharmaceutical dosage forms with high %recoveries. Moreover, the method was applied to analyse ivabradine and bisoprolol fumarate in spiked human urine with %recoveries of 99.98±1.16 and 99.95±1.96 for ivabradine and bisoprolol fumarate, respectively. The method greenness was also investigated by Analytical GREEnness (AGREE), Analytical Eco-Scale, and Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI) metrics, which ensured the eco-friendship of the proposed method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrouk M Abo Elkheir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Abdallah M Zeid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Jenny Jeehan M Nasr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed I Walash
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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2
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Tomić J, Ivković B, Oljačić S, Nikolić K, Maljurić N, Protić A, Agbaba D. Chemometrically assisted RP-HPLC method development for efficient separation of ivabradine and its eleven impurities. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2020. [DOI: 10.1556/1326.2019.00659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a novel reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for efficient separation of ivabradine and its 11 impurities. Similar polarity of impurities in the sample mixture made method optimization challenging and accomplishable only when different chemometric tools, such as principal component analysis (PCA), Box–Behnken design (BBD), and desirability function as a multicriteria approach, were employed. The presence of 3 positional isomers (impurities III, V, and VI), keto–enol tautomerism of impurity VII, and diastereoisomers of impurity X made separation of this complex mixture even more challenging. Chromatographic retention parameters obtained with the mobile phase consisting of 30 mM phosphate buffer and acetonitrile (80:20, v/v) on four different RP-HPLC columns at varying pH values (3.0, 4.0, and 5.0) were subjected to the PCA analysis to select the column with the most appropriate selectivity. Then the column temperature, pH of the aqueous component of mobile phase, phosphate buffer molarity and the organic solvent content in the mobile phase were estimated employing BBD. Valid and reliable mathematical models towards resolution of twelve critical peak pairs were obtained. After determination of the desirability making criteria for all responses, desirability functions were established and used in optimization. The proposed optimal chromatographic conditions included the Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 chromatographic column (100 × 4.6 mm, 3.5 μm), the column temperature of 34 °C, the mobile phase flow rate of 1.6 mL min−1 and the UV detection at 220 nm. The mobile phase consisted of the 28 mM phosphate buffer at pH 6.0 and acetonitrile (85:15, v/v). Separation of one pair of positional isomers was not achieved, so methanol was added to the organic part of mobile phase in small increments with the optimal ratio of methanol to acetonitrile 59:41, v/v. The overall organic component of the mobile phase also increased to 18%, accelerating the chromatographic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovana Tomić
- 1 University of Belgrade Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Vojvode Stepe 450, 11 221 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branka Ivković
- 1 University of Belgrade Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Vojvode Stepe 450, 11 221 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slavica Oljačić
- 1 University of Belgrade Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Vojvode Stepe 450, 11 221 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Katarina Nikolić
- 1 University of Belgrade Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Vojvode Stepe 450, 11 221 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nevena Maljurić
- 2 University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Drug Analysis Vojvode Stepe 450, 11 221 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Protić
- 2 University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Drug Analysis Vojvode Stepe 450, 11 221 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danica Agbaba
- 1 University of Belgrade Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Vojvode Stepe 450, 11 221 Belgrade, Serbia
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Kumar SA, Bhaskar BL. Computational and spectral studies of 3,3'-(propane-1,3-diyl)bis(7,8-dimethoxy-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-2H-benzo[d]azepin-2-one). Heliyon 2019; 5:e02420. [PMID: 31687545 PMCID: PMC6819847 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Detection and qualification of unknown impurities during commercial drug synthesis have been mandated by the regulatory authorities. 3,3'-(propane-1,3-diyl)bis(7,8-dimethoxy-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-2H-benzo [d]azepin-2-one) in short IVA-9, is one such process-related impurity formed during the synthesis of cardiotonic drug Ivabradine. The structure and properties of this molecule have not been explored yet. A suggestive reaction route for the chance formation of IVA-9 during the commercial synthesis of parent drug molecule has been reported in this article. Further, the optimized geometry and vibrational studies have been computed using Gaussian 09. Experimental FTIR scan has also been performed and values show satisfactory consilience with the computational data. The frontier orbital energies and energy band gaps of the reaction fragments and products were computed. The evaluation of ADME parameters such as absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion are performed using SwissADME tool to assess the drug-likeness and medicinal chemistry friendliness. Six physiochemical parameters namely flexibility, lipophilicity, size, polarity, solubility and saturation and their critical limits are depicted using the bioavailability radar of the programme to provide insights into pharmacokinetic properties such as human gastrointestinal absorption (HIA), blood-brain-barrier (BBB) permeability, total polar surface area (TPSA) and inhibitor action to important cytochromes etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Anil Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Amrita School of Engineering, Bengaluru, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, India
| | - B L Bhaskar
- Department of Chemistry, Amrita School of Engineering, Bengaluru, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, India
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4
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Quantitative Determination of Ivabradine and Its N-Demethylated Metabolite in Volunteer Blood and Urine. Pharm Chem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-019-01992-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Mostafa NM, Fayez YM, Farid JF, Abd El-Alim AEAB. Stability Indicating Spectrophotometric Methods for Determination of Ivabradine Hydrochloride in the Presence of Its Degradation Product. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/22297928.2017.11952555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia M. Mostafa
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr-El-Aini 11562-Cairo-Egypt
| | - Yasmin M. Fayez
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr-El-Aini 11562-Cairo-Egypt
| | - Joliana F. Farid
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr-El-Aini 11562-Cairo-Egypt
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Attia AK, Abo-Talib NF, Tammam MH. Voltammetric Determination of Ivabradine Hydrochloride Using Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Modified Electrode in Presence of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate. Adv Pharm Bull 2017; 7:151-157. [PMID: 28507949 PMCID: PMC5426728 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2017.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: A new sensitive sensor was fabricated for the determination of ivabradine hydrochloride (IH) based on modification with multiwalled carbon nanotubes using sodium dodecyl sulfate as micellar medium to increase the sensitivity.
Methods: The electrochemical behavior of IH was studied in Britton-Robinson buffer (pH: 2.0-11.0) using cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry.
Results: The voltammetric response was linear over the range of 3.984 x 10-6-3.475 x 10-5 mol L-1. The limits of detection and quantification were found to be 5.160 x 10-7 and 1.720 x 10-6 mol L-1, respectively.
Conclusion: This method is suitable for determination of IH in tablets and plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Kamal Attia
- National Organization for Drug Control and Research, P.O. Box 29, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Marwa Hosny Tammam
- National Organization for Drug Control and Research, P.O. Box 29, Cairo, Egypt
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7
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Application and Validation of Simple Isocratic HPLC-UV-DAD Method with Dual Wavelength Detection for Ivabradine Determination and Its Application in the Study of Stress Degradation. J CHEM-NY 2017. [DOI: 10.1155/2017/2069571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ivabradine is a modern drug that selectively lowers the heart rate, improves cardiac energy balance, and reduces heart’s demands for oxygen and energy. Due to the chemical nature of ivabradine, which absorbs light at 207 nm and 286 nm, its detection was performed at two wavelengths. A Knauer C8 column was used to develop the RP-HPLC method for determination of ivabradine. The proposed method was linear from 5 to 100 µg/ml (r>0.999) for both wavelengths and limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantification (LOQ) were 0.33 and 1.09 µg/ml for 207 nm and 1.19 and 3.97 µg/ml for 286 nm, respectively. After validation, the investigated method was applied to a stress degradation study. Numerous degradation products were formed from ivabradine solutions through alkaline and acid hydrolysis, oxidation, and photolysis. The largest numbers of degradation products were found in the sample exposed to 24 h radiation and alkaline hydrolysis (eight and six products, resp.). Finally, the simple method using HPLC-UV-DAD was developed and validated. Its usefulness for the monitoring of possible degradation products was demonstrated.
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8
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Patel PN, Borkar RM, Kalariya PD, Gangwal RP, Sangamwar AT, Samanthula G, Ragampeta S. Characterization of degradation products of ivabradine by LC-HR-MS/MS: a typical case of exhibition of different degradation behaviour in HCl and H2SO4 acid hydrolysis. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2015; 50:344-353. [PMID: 25800016 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A validated stability-indicating HPLC method was established, and comprehensive stress testing of ivabradine, a cardiotonic drug, was carried out as per ICH guidelines. Ivabradine was subjected to acidic, basic and neutral hydrolysis, oxidation, photolysis and thermal stress conditions, and the resulting degradation products were investigated by LC-PDA and LC-HR-MS/MS. The drug was found to degrade in acid and base hydrolysis. An efficient and selective stability assay method was developed on Phenomenex Luna C18 (250 × 4.6 mm, 5.0 µm) column using ammonium formate (10 mM, pH 3.0) and acetonitrile as mobile phase at 30 °C in gradient elution mode. The flow rate was 0.7 ml/min and detection wavelength was 286 nm. A total of five degradation products (I-1 to I-5) were identified and characterized by LC-HR-MS/MS in combination with accurate mass measurements. The drug exhibited different degradation behaviour in HCl and H2SO4 hydrolysis conditions. It is a unique example where two of the five degradation products in HCl hydrolysis were absent in H2SO4 acid hydrolysis. The present study provides guidance to revise the stress test for the determination of inherent stability of drugs containing lactam moiety under hydrolytic conditions. Most probable mechanisms for the formation of degradation products have been proposed on the basis of a comparison of the fragmentation pattern of the drug and its degradation products. In silico toxicity revealed that the degradation products (I-2 to I-5) were found to be severe irritants in case of ocular irritancy. The analytical assay method was validated with respect to specificity, linearity, range, precision, accuracy and robustness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prinesh N Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500037, Telangana, India
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9
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Abo-Talib NF, Tammam MH, Attia AK. Electrochemical study of ivabradine hydrochloride ion selective electrodes using different ionophores. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra21033j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of novel sensors for the determination of ivabradine hydrochloride using sulphonated calix-8-arene and cyclodextrin derivatives as neutral ionophores.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marwa H. Tammam
- National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR)
- Cairo
- Egypt
| | - Ali K. Attia
- National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR)
- Cairo
- Egypt
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10
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Sun W, Wang Z, Chen H, Zhang XD, Huang CK, Lian QQ, Shang-Guan WN, Zhu GH, Hu GX, Wang ZS. The effect of clopidogrel on pharmacokinetics of ivabradine and its metabolite in rats. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2014; 41:1512-7. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2014.959970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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11
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Rushworth GF, Lambrakis P, Leslie SJ. Ivabradine: a new rate-limiting therapy for coronary artery disease and heart failure. Ther Adv Drug Saf 2014; 2:19-28. [PMID: 25083199 DOI: 10.1177/2042098610393209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ivabradine is a new bradycardic agent acting on the I f channels of sinoatrial nodal cells to decrease the rate of diastolic depolarization and thus heart rate. The benefit of ivabradine over other negatively chronotropic agents is its absence of negative inotropy. Effective management of coronary artery disease, in terms of reducing morbidity and mortality, is reliant on controlling heart rate. Ivabradine has been shown to safely and effectively reduce heart rate without compromising cardiac function in patients with coronary artery disease and more recently in patients with heart failure and raised heart rate. Furthermore, ivabradine has been shown to have a favourable side-effect profile compared with alternative bradycardic agents. This article reviews the evidence for ivabradine in coronary artery disease and heart failure and compares its safety with alternative bradycardic agents for these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon F Rushworth
- Advanced Pharmacist Clinical Research, Highland Clinical Research Facility, Centre for Health Science, Old Perth Road, Inverness, IV2 3JH UK
| | | | - Stephen J Leslie
- Consultant Cardiologist, Cardiac Unit, Raigmore Hospital, Inverness IV2 3UJ, UK and University of Stirling, Highland Campus, Old Perth Road, Inverness IV2 3JH, UK
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Pikul P, Nowakowska J, Ciura K. EFFECT OF NON-AQUEOUS AND BUFFERED MOBILE-PHASE COMPOSITION ON THE RETENTION OF IVABRADINE. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2013.825844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Pikul
- a Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Medical University of Gdańsk , Gdańsk , Poland
| | - Joanna Nowakowska
- a Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Medical University of Gdańsk , Gdańsk , Poland
| | - Krzesimir Ciura
- a Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Medical University of Gdańsk , Gdańsk , Poland
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13
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I(f) blocking potency of ivabradine is preserved under elevated endotoxin levels in human atrial myocytes. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 72:64-73. [PMID: 24583250 PMCID: PMC4046244 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Revised: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lower heart rate is associated with better survival in patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), a disease mostly caused by sepsis. The benefits of heart rate reduction by ivabradine during MODS are currently being investigated in the MODIfY clinical trial. Ivabradine is a selective inhibitor of the pacemaker current If and since If is impaired by lipopolysaccharide (LPS, endotoxin), a trigger of sepsis, we aimed to explore If blocking potency of ivabradine under elevated endotoxin levels in human atrial cardiomyocytes. Treatment of myocytes with S-LPS (containing the lipid A moiety, a core oligosaccharide and an O-polysaccharide chain) but not R595 (an O-chain lacking LPS-form) caused If inhibition under acute and chronic septic conditions. The specific interaction of S-LPS but not R595 to pacemaker channels HCN2 and HCN4 proves the necessity of O-chain for S-LPS–HCN interaction. The efficacy of ivabradine to block If was reduced under septic conditions, an observation that correlated with lower intracellular ivabradine concentrations in S-LPS- but not R595-treated cardiomyocytes. Computational analysis using a sinoatrial pacemaker cell model revealed that despite a reduction of If under septic conditions, ivabradine further decelerated pacemaking activity. This novel finding, i.e. If inhibition by ivabradine under elevated endotoxin levels in vitro, may provide a molecular understanding for the efficacy of this drug on heart rate reduction under septic conditions in vivo, e.g. the MODIfY clinical trial. S-LPS impairs If via interaction of its O-chain to HCN channels. Efficacy of ivabradine for If blockage is reduced under elevated endotoxin levels. S-LPS reduces intracellular ivabradine concentrations. Ivabradine is efficient to decelerate sinoatrial pacemaking activity under septic conditions in silico.
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Motisariya MH, Patel KG, Shah PA. Validated stability-indicating high performance thin layer chromatographic method for determination of Ivabradine hydrochloride in bulk and marketed formulation: An application to kinetic study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bfopcu.2013.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Jiang J, Tian L, Huang Y, Li Y. Development and validation of a sensitive LC-MS/MS-ESI method for the determination of ivabradine in human plasma: application to a pharmacokinetic study. Biomed Chromatogr 2013; 27:1603-8. [PMID: 23798342 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.2966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Jiang
- Fuwai Hospital; The Key Laboratory of Clinical Trial Research of Cardiovascular Drugs; Beijing China
| | - Lei Tian
- Fuwai Hospital; The Key Laboratory of Clinical Trial Research of Cardiovascular Drugs; Beijing China
| | - Yiling Huang
- Fuwai Hospital; The Key Laboratory of Clinical Trial Research of Cardiovascular Drugs; Beijing China
| | - Yishi Li
- Fuwai Hospital; The Key Laboratory of Clinical Trial Research of Cardiovascular Drugs; Beijing China
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16
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Chromatographic analysis of ivabradine on polar, nonpolar and chemically modified adsorbents by HPTLC. J Food Drug Anal 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2013.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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17
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Zoerner AA, Schroeder C, Kayacelebi AA, Suchy MT, Gutzki FM, Stichtenoth DO, Tank J, Jordan J, Tsikas D. A validated, rapid UPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous ivabradine, reboxetine, and metoprolol analysis in human plasma and its application to clinical trial samples. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 927:105-11. [PMID: 23434314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2012] [Revised: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A recent clinical trial assessing human autonomic cardiovascular regulation applied pacemaker channel inhibition with ivabradine, norepinephrine transporter blockade with reboxetine, and beta-adrenoreceptor blockade with metoprolol. To verify patient adherence, we developed and validated a fast UPLC-MS/MS assay measuring all three compounds simultaneously. Deuterium-labeled drugs, d3-ivabradine, d5-reboxetine and d7-metoprolol, served as internal standards. Sample preparation of 200μL human plasma consisted of a single liquid-liquid extraction step by means of ethyl acetate. Chromatographic separation was performed on a 50-mm long BEH C18 column with gradient elution using a mixture of water and methanol each containing 2mM ammonium acetate over 4.5min. The mass spectrometer was operated in the positive electrospray ionization (ESI+) mode. Characteristic product ions resulting from collision-induced dissociation of unlabeled and deuterium-labeled drugs with argon were used for quantification in the selected-reaction monitoring mode. We validated the method according to the European Medicines Agency (EMA) guideline on bioanalytical method validation over the range from 1ng/mL to 500ng/mL for all three analytes. Linear responses with correlation coefficients>0.99 over that range were acquired. The LOQ value was 1ng/mL for each drug. Regulatory criteria for accuracy (80-120%) and precision (RSD<15%) were met for all drugs. The internal standard-normalized matrix factor was close to 1 for low and high analyte concentrations. We successfully measured ivabradine, reboxetine, and metoprolol concentrations in 107 human plasma samples from a clinical trial. Quality control samples processed in parallel confirmed the method's reliability in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A Zoerner
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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Simultaneous determination of ivabradine and N-desmethylivabradine in human plasma and urine using a LC-MS/MS method: application to a pharmacokinetic study. Acta Pharm Sin B 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2012.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Seerapu S, Srinivasan BP. Development and Validation of RP-HPLC Method for the Estimation of Ivabradine Hydrochloride in Tablets. Indian J Pharm Sci 2011; 72:667-71. [PMID: 21695008 PMCID: PMC3116321 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.78545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2010] [Revised: 07/02/2010] [Accepted: 10/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple, sensitive, precise and robust reverse–phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method for analysis of ivabradine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical formulations was developed and validated as per ICH guidelines. The separation was performed on SS Wakosil C18AR, 250×4.6 mm, 5 μm column with methanol:25 mM phosphate buffer (60:40 v/v), adjusted to pH 6.5 with orthophosphoric acid, added drop wise, as mobile phase. A well defined chromatographic peak of Ivabradine hydrochloride was exhibited with a retention time of 6.55±0.05 min and tailing factor of 1.14 at the flow rate of 0.8 ml/min and at ambient temperature, when monitored at 285 nm. The linear regression analysis data for calibration plots showed good linear relationship with R=0.9998 in the concentration range of 30-210 μg/ml. The method was validated for precision, recovery and robustness. Intra and Inter-day precision (% relative standard deviation) were always less than 2%. The method showed the mean % recovery of 99.00 and 98.55 % for Ivabrad and Inapure tablets, respectively. The proposed method has been successfully applied to the commercial tablets without any interference of excipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunitha Seerapu
- Department of Quality Assurance, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (DIPSAR), Goverment of N. C. T. of Delhi, M. B. Road, Pushp Vihar, Sector-3, New Delhi-110 017, India
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Riesen SC, Ni W, Carnes CA, Lindsey KJ, Phelps MA, Schober KE. Pharmacokinetics of oral ivabradine in healthy cats. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2010; 34:469-75. [PMID: 21118419 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2010.01253.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S C Riesen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Portolés A, Calvo A, Terleira A, Laredo L, Resplandy G, Gorostiaga C, Moreno A. Lack of pharmacokinetic interaction between omeprazole or lansoprazole and ivabradine in healthy volunteers: an open-label, randomized, crossover, pharmacokinetic interaction clinical trial. J Clin Pharmacol 2007; 46:1195-203. [PMID: 16988209 DOI: 10.1177/0091270006291624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The effects of omeprazole and lansoprazole (CYP3A4 inhibitors) on the pharmacokinetics of a single dose of ivabradine (metabolized via CYP3A4) and its active metabolite (S18982) were assessed. Pharmacodynamics and safety were secondary objectives. An open-label, randomized, crossover, phase I, pharmacokinetic interaction design was used. Volunteers received a single oral dose of ivabradine (10 mg), were randomized to receive either omeprazole (40 mg) or lansoprazole (60 mg) for 5 days, and were administered an ivabradine dose on the sixth day. Crossover was performed after washout. Pharmacokinetic parameters for ivabradine did not vary significantly after omeprazole (C(max): 45.0 +/- 36.6 vs 42.7 +/- 27.6 ng/mL, P = .98; AUC: 128 +/- 87 vs 126 +/- 63 ng/mL, P = .82) or lansoprazole administration (C(max): 45.0 +/- 36.6 vs 41.3 +/- 29.4 ng/mL, P = .70; AUC: 128 +/- 87 vs 123 +/- 50, P = .73). Analyses of S18982 pharmacokinetic parameters showed similar results. Coadministration of either omeprazole or lansoprazole did not significantly affect the pharmacokinetics of a single dose of ivabradine. No pharmacodynamic interaction or safety concerns were evidenced.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Portolés
- Clinical Pharmacology Studies Unit, Clinical Pharmacology Service, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
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Du XJ, Feng X, Gao XM, Tan TP, Kiriazis H, Dart AM. I(f) channel inhibitor ivabradine lowers heart rate in mice with enhanced sympathoadrenergic activities. Br J Pharmacol 2004; 142:107-12. [PMID: 15066901 PMCID: PMC1574917 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0705696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
1. Ivabradine selectively reduces heart rate (HR) by inhibiting the cardiac pacemaker I(f) current, thus prolonging the duration of spontaneous depolarization in the sinus node. The activity of ivabradine under conditions of enhanced sympathoadrenergic activity has been addressed by investigating the effects of repeated oral administration in mice with sympathoadrenergic activation due to either stress, cardiac-restricted overexpression of beta(2)-adrenergic receptors (beta(2)AR), or beta-agonist administration. HR and left ventricular fractional shortening (FS) were determined by echocardiography. 2. Initial experiments showed that the conscious restrained state was associated with stress-mediated sympathetic activation, while sympathetic withdrawal occurred under anaesthetized conditions. In wild-type mice, ivabradine reduced HR under both conscious and anaesthetized states, with a similar degree in absolute reduction under both states. FS was unchanged by the treatment. 3. Ivabradine was similarly effective in reducing HR in the beta(2)AR transgenic mice. Further, ivabradine at 10 mg kg(-1) day(-1) reduced the maximal HR increase in response to the beta-agonist isoproterenol, without modifying the response of contractile parameters. 4. These data indicate that oral administration of ivabradine in mice reduces HR while ventricular performance is maintained. This specific HR-reducing action of ivabradine is well preserved under conditions that are associated with significant activation of the sympathoadrenergic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jun Du
- Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Baker Heart Research Institute, Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.
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François-Bouchard M, Simonin G, Boursier-Neyret C. Simultaneous determination of ivabradine and its metabolites in human plasma by liquid chromatography--tandem mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 2000; 745:261-9. [PMID: 11043745 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)00275-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A rapid, selective, sensitive and reproducible liquid chromatographic method with tandem mass spectrometric detection has been developed and validated for the analysis of a new specific bradycardic agent, ivabradine (S 16257) and six potentially active metabolites in human plasma. Isolation of these compounds and of the internal standard was performed by an automated solid-phase extraction system using Oasis cartridges. Separation and detection of ivabradine and its metabolites were achieved using a C18 column and a MS-MS detector with a positive electrospray ionization source. Ivabradine and its metabolites gave a linear response ranging from 0.1 or 0.2 to 20 ng/ml and the limits of quantitation ranged from 0.1 to 0.2 ng/ml using a 0.5 ml plasma sample size. A complete validation demonstrated the method to be accurate, precise and specific for the simultaneous quantification of ivabradine and its metabolites in human plasma. The method was subsequently applied to the quantitative determination of ivabradine and its metabolites in human plasma samples from healthy volunteers participating in a clinical study to provide pharmacokinetic data.
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