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Xu Y, Liu K, Jin R, Jiang D, Fang D. Dynamic Visualization of Free Radicals at Single Oxygen Bubbles using Chemiluminescence. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:4049-4052. [PMID: 34658163 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202101057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The generation of free radicals is a key process in the formation and the collapse of the bubbles in water, however, the direct and dynamic observation of the radicals in this process at single bubbles has never been achieved. Here, the hydroxyl (OH. ) and oxygen (O2 .- ) radicals at single oxygen bubbles are continuously traced using chemiluminescence (CL), in which these radicals at the bubble react with the surrounding luminol in the solution emitting the light. Varied increase trends of luminescence are observed in the generation of a bubble, floating, short parking at the water/air interface and the final explosion, revealing the complexity in the distribution of radicals at the bubble unprecedentedly. Despite more radicals are observed at the bubble generated at a deep position under the water for the stabilization, almost the same amount of radicals are included in the bubbles that is independent on the water pressure during the production of the bubble. This rich information collected from the dynamic study of bubbles illustrates the complicated generation and distribution process of radicals at the bubbles, and will facilitate the understanding of the function about the bubbles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211126, P. R. China
| | - Kang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211126, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Rong Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Dechen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Danjun Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211126, P. R. China
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Gualandi I, Guadagnini L, Zappoli S, Tonelli D. A Polypyrrole Based Sensor for the Electrochemical Detection of OH Radicals. ELECTROANAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201400054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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3
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Gualandi I, Tonelli D. A new electrochemical sensor for OH radicals detection. Talanta 2013; 115:779-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Sobotková A, Mášová-Chrastinová L, Suttnar J, Štikarová J, Májek P, Reicheltová Z, Kotlín R, Weisel JW, Malý M, Dyr JE. Antioxidants change platelet responses to various stimulating events. Free Radic Biol Med 2009; 47:1707-14. [PMID: 19766712 PMCID: PMC2854508 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2009.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2009] [Revised: 09/11/2009] [Accepted: 09/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The role of platelets in hemostasis may be influenced by alteration of the platelet redox state-the presence of antioxidants and the formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. We investigated the effects of two antioxidants, resveratrol and trolox, on platelet activation. Trolox and resveratrol inhibited aggregation of washed platelets and platelet-rich plasma activated by ADP, collagen, and thrombin receptor-activating peptide. Resveratrol was a more effective agent in reducing platelet static and dynamic adhesion in comparison with trolox. The antioxidant capacity of resveratrol was, however, the same as that of trolox. After incubation of platelets with antioxidants, the resveratrol intraplatelet concentration was about five times lower than the intracellular concentration of trolox. Although both antioxidants comparably lowered hydroxyl radical and malondialdehyde production in platelets stimulated with collagen, TxB(2) levels were decreased by resveratrol much more effectively than by trolox. Cyclooxygenase 1 was inhibited by resveratrol and not by trolox. Our data indicate that antioxidants, apart from nonspecific redox or radical-quenching mechanisms, inhibit platelet activation also by specific interaction with target proteins. The results also show the importance of studying platelet activation under conditions of real blood flow in contact with reactive surfaces, e.g., using dynamic adhesion experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alžběta Sobotková
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, U Nemocnice 1, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Leona Mášová-Chrastinová
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, U Nemocnice 1, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
- Corresponding author. Fax: +42 0221977208. (L. Mášová-Chrastinová)
| | - Jiří Suttnar
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, U Nemocnice 1, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Štikarová
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, U Nemocnice 1, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Májek
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, U Nemocnice 1, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Reicheltová
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, U Nemocnice 1, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Kotlín
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, U Nemocnice 1, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - John W. Weisel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6058, USA
| | - Martin Malý
- Department of Cardiology, Motol University Hospital, V úvalu 84, 15006 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Jan E. Dyr
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, U Nemocnice 1, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
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Nanosilver resonance scattering spectral method for determination of hydroxyl radical and its application. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-008-0005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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6
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Liu B, Wang HX. Determination of atmospheric hydroxyl radical by HPLC coupled with electrochemical detection. J Environ Sci (China) 2008; 20:28-32. [PMID: 18572518 DOI: 10.1016/s1001-0742(08)60003-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The hydroxyl radical (*OH) plays a central role in the oxidation and removal of many atmospheric compounds. Measurement of atmospheric *OH is very difficult because of its high reactivity and low atmospheric abundance. In this article, a simple and highly sensitive method, high performance liquid chromatography coupled with coulometric detection (HPLC-CD), was developed to determine *OH indirectly by determining its reaction products with salicylic acid (SAL), 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,3-DHBA), and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,5-DHBA). Under the optimum conditions for its determination, 2,3-DHBA and 2,5-DHBA could be well separated and the detection limits for 2,3-DHBA were 3 x 10(-10) mol/L and for 2,5-DHBA were 1.5 x 10(-10) mol/L, which were lower than most previous reports. This method was also applied to measure atmospheric hydroxyl radical levels and demonstrated the feasibility in clean and polluted air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- College of Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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Lee ESY, Chen H, King J, Charlton C. The Role of 3-O-Methyldopa in the Side Effects of l-dopa. Neurochem Res 2007; 33:401-11. [PMID: 17713853 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-007-9442-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2007] [Accepted: 07/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Long-term treatment of L-dopa for Parkinson's disease (PD) patients induces adverse effects, including dyskinesia, on-off and wearing-off symptoms. However, the cause of these side effects has not been established to date. In the present study, therefore, 3-O-methyldopa (3-OMD), which is a major metabolite of L-dopa, was tested to determine whether it plays a role in the aforementioned adverse effects. The effects of 3-OMD on the dopaminergic nervous system in the brain were investigated, by examining behavioral, biochemical, and cellular changes in male Sprague-Dawley rats and catecholamine-producing PC12 neuronal cells. The results revealed that the intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of 1 micromol of 3-OMD impaired locomotor activities by decreasing movement time (MT), total distance (TD), and the number of movement (NM) by 70, 74 and 61%, respectively. The biochemical analysis results showed that a single administration of 1 micromole of 3-OMD decreased the dopamine turnover rate (DOPAC/DA) by 40.0% in the rat striatum. 3-OMD inhibited dopamine transporter and uptake in rat brain striatal membranes and PC12 cells. The subacute administration of 3-OMD (5 days, icv) also significantly impaired the locomotor activities and catecholamine levels. 3-OMD induced cytotoxic effects via oxidative stress and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential in PC12 cells, indicating that 3-OMD can damage neuronal cells. Furthermore, 3-OMD potentiated L-dopa toxicity and these toxic effects induced by both 3-OMD and L-dopa were blocked by vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) in PC12 cells, indicating that 3-OMD may increase the toxic effects of L-dopa to some extent by oxidative stress. Therefore, the present study reveals that 3-OMD accumulation from long-term L-dopa treatment may be involved in the adverse effects of L-dopa therapy. Moreover, L-dopa treatment might accelerate the progression of PD, at least in part, by 3-OMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Sook Y Lee
- Department of Neurobiology and Neurotoxicology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA.
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Yang Z, Zhang X, Guo H, Gan Y. Simultaneous Determination of Monoamines, Their Precursor Amino Acids, and Related Metabolites in Mice Brain by High‐Performance Liquid Chromatography with a Coulometric Electrode Array System. ANAL LETT 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710600721480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Migliore L, Fontana I, Colognato R, Coppede F, Siciliano G, Murri L. Searching for the role and the most suitable biomarkers of oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease and in other neurodegenerative diseases. Neurobiol Aging 2005; 26:587-95. [PMID: 15708433 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2004.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2004] [Accepted: 10/29/2004] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The contribution of oxidative stress to neurodegeneration is not peculiar of a specific neurodegenerative disease, oxidative stress has been found implicated in a number of neurodegenerative disorders among which Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Even increasing are studies dealing with the search for peripheral biomarkers of oxidative stress in biological fluids or even in peripheral tissues themselves such as fibroblasts or blood cells. The application of the modified version of the comet assay for the detection of oxidised purines and pyrimidines in peripheral blood leukocytes results particularly useful if the study requires repeated blood drawn from the same individual, for instance if a clinical trial is performed with a preventive therapy. Likely damage occurs to every category of biological macromolecules and we consider, in the context of neurodegenerative diseases, particularly critical the proteic level. The identification of subjects at risk to develop AD or with pre-pathogenic conditions, the possibility to use "a battery of assays" for the detection of oxidative damage at peripheral level, together with recent advances in brain imaging, will allow to better address studies aimed not only to therapeutic purposes but also mainly to primary prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Migliore
- Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, University of Pisa, Via S. Giuseppe 22, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
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Study on production of free hydroxyl radical and its reaction with salicylic acid at lead dioxide electrode. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2005.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Cheng FC, Jen JF, Tsai TH. Hydroxyl radical in living systems and its separation methods. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2002; 781:481-96. [PMID: 12450675 DOI: 10.1016/s1570-0232(02)00620-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
It has recently been shown that hydroxyl radicals are generated under physiological and pathological conditions and that they seem to be closely linked to various models of pathology putatively implying oxidative stress. It is now recognized that the hydroxyl radical is well-regulated to help maintain homeostasis on the cellular level in normal, healthy tissues. Conversely, it is also known that virtually every disease state involves free radicals, particularly the most reactive hydroxyl radical. However, when hydroxyl radicals are generated in excess or the cellular antioxidant defense is deficient, they can stimulate free radical chain reactions by interacting with proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids causing cellular damage and even diseases. Therefore, a confident analytical approach is needed to ascertain the importance of hydroxyl radicals in biological systems. In this paper, we provide information on hydroxyl radical trapping and detection methods, including liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection and mass spectrometry, gas chromatography with mass spectrometry, capillary electrophoresis, electron spin resonance and chemiluminescence. In addition, the relationships between diseases and the hydroxyl radical in living systems, as well as novel separation methods for the hydroxyl radical are discussed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Chou Cheng
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan
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Migliore L, Petrozzi L, Lucetti C, Gambaccini G, Bernardini S, Scarpato R, Trippi F, Barale R, Frenzilli G, Rodilla V, Bonuccelli U. Oxidative damage and cytogenetic analysis in leukocytes of Parkinson's disease patients. Neurology 2002; 58:1809-15. [PMID: 12084881 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.58.12.1809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postmortem studies suggest excessive free radical toxicity in the substantia nigra of patients with PD. Increased lipid peroxidation and oxidative DNA damage have been reported in the CNS. Markers of oxidative stress have been identified in the blood of patients with PD. OBJECTIVE To assess the presence of spontaneous chromosome and primary or oxidative DNA damage in peripheral blood leukocytes of patients with untreated PD. METHODS Patients with de novo PD (20) and control subjects (16), matched for age, sex, and smoking habits, underwent cytogenetic analysis using the human lymphocyte micronucleus assay coupled with the fluorescence in situ hybridization technique and the Comet assay. RESULTS Compared with controls, patients with PD showed an increase in the incidence of spontaneous micronuclei (p < 0.001); single strand breaks (p < 0.001); and oxidized purine bases (p < 0.05). Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis showed micronuclei harboring acentric fragments. CONCLUSIONS There is chromosomal, primary DNA damage and oxidative DNA damage demonstrable in lymphocytes of patients with untreated PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Migliore
- Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, University of Pisa, Italy
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Diez L, Livertoux MH, Stark AA, Wellman-Rousseau M, Leroy P. High-performance liquid chromatographic assay of hydroxyl free radical using salicylic acid hydroxylation during in vitro experiments involving thiols. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 2001; 763:185-93. [PMID: 11710577 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(01)00396-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A HPLC method was developed to monitor the production of hydroxyl free radical (*OH) produced during in vitro experiments: (i) a chemical reaction involving EDTA chelated ferric ion and various exogenous and endogenous thiols [glutathione (GSH) and its metabolites], and (ii) an enzymatic reaction corresponding to the breakdown of GSH catalyzed by gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). The method relies upon the use of a selective trapping reagent of *OH: salicylic acid (SA). The three resulting dihydroxylated products, i.e., 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB), 2,5-DHB and catechol, were measured in an ion-pairing reversed-phase HPLC system coupled with amperometric detection; the sum of the three concentrations was used to quantify the production of *OH during in vitro experiments. Resulting data demonstrate that *OH is produced during Fenton-like reactions involving thiols and GSH catabolism via GGT.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Diez
- Thiols and Cellular Functions, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Henri Poincaré Nancy 1, France
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