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Chen C, Zhan C, Huang X, Zhang S, Chen J. Three-dimensional printing of cell-laden bioink for blood vessel tissue engineering: influence of process parameters and components on cell viability. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2023; 34:2411-2437. [PMID: 37725406 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2023.2251781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a potential therapeutic method for tissue engineering owing to its ability to prepare cell-laden tissue constructs. The properties of bioink are crucial to accurately control the printing structure. Meanwhile, the effect of process parameters on the precise structure is not nonsignificant. We investigated the correlation between process parameters of 3D bioprinting and the structural response of κ-carrageenan-based hydrogels to explore the controllable structure, printing resolution, and cell survival rate. Small-diameter (<6 mm) gel filaments with different structures were printed by varying the shear stress of the extrusion bioprinter to simulate the natural blood vessel structure. The cell viability of the scaffold was evaluated. The in vitro culture of human umbilical vein endothelium cells (HUVECs) on the κ-carrageenan (kc) and composite gels (carrageenan/carbon nanotube and carrageenan/sodium alginate) demonstrated that the cell attachment and proliferation on composite gels were better than those on pure kc. Our results revealed that the carrageenan-based composite bioinks offer better printability, sufficient mechanical stiffness, interconnectivity, and biocompatibility. This process can facilitate precise adjustment of the pore size, porosity, and pore distribution of the hydrogel structure by optimising the printing parameters as well as realise the precise preparation of the internal structure of the 3D hydrogel-based tissue engineering scaffold. Moreover, we obtained perfused tubular filament by 3D printing at optimal process parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongshuai Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Congcong Zhan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Xia Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Shanfeng Zhang
- Experimental Center for Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Junying Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
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2
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Allaboun H, Alkhamis KA, Al-Nimry SS. Preparation of Sustained Release Formulation of Verapamil Hydrochloride Using Ion Exchange Resins. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:114. [PMID: 37127745 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02569-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this investigation was to formulate and evaluate the interaction between cation exchange resins and verapamil hydrochloride. The uptake studies were conducted using the rotating bottle apparatus. The Langmuir-like equation was applied to the experimental data and the maximum drug loading was determined from the Langmuir-like parameters. The drug-resin complexes were evaluated using XRD, SEM, and particle size analysis. Release studies were performed using USP dissolution apparatus 2. The resin with the lowest percentage of cross-linking had the highest uptake capacity. The percent increase in particle size due to complexation was found to be associated with drug loading; the highest drug loading had the highest increase in particle size. The X-ray diffraction patterns of the resins and the drug-resin complexes showed that they were both amorphous. The maximum drug release was approximately 40% when conventional dissolution testing was used. Results showed that sink conditions could not be maintained using conventional dissolution methods. Maximum drug release increased dramatically by increasing the volume of samples withdrawn and fresh dissolution medium added. Excellent correlation was obtained between sample volume and drug release rate with an R-value of 0.988. Particle diffusion-controlled model and film diffusion-controlled model were both applied to the experimental data. The results indicated that the rate-limiting step is the diffusion of the exchanging cations through the liquid film. The modified release formulation was prepared successfully and correlated very well with the USP monograph for verapamil hydrochloride extended release capsules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Allaboun
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Khouloud A Alkhamis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
| | - Suhair S Al-Nimry
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Alginates Combined with Natural Polymers as Valuable Drug Delivery Platforms. Mar Drugs 2022; 21:md21010011. [PMID: 36662184 PMCID: PMC9861938 DOI: 10.3390/md21010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Alginates (ALG) have been used in biomedical and pharmaceutical technologies for decades. ALG are natural polymers occurring in brown algae and feature multiple advantages, including biocompatibility, low toxicity and mucoadhesiveness. Moreover, ALG demonstrate biological activities per se, including anti-hyperlipidemic, antimicrobial, anti-reflux, immunomodulatory or anti-inflammatory activities. ALG are characterized by gelling ability, one of the most frequently utilized properties in the drug form design. ALG have numerous applications in pharmaceutical technology that include micro- and nanoparticles, tablets, mucoadhesive dosage forms, wound dressings and films. However, there are some shortcomings, which impede the development of modified-release dosage forms or formulations with adequate mechanical strength based on pure ALG. Other natural polymers combined with ALG create great potential as drug carriers, improving limitations of ALG matrices. Therefore, in this paper, ALG blends with pectins, chitosan, gelatin, and carrageenans were critically reviewed.
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Ansari MD, Saifi Z, Pandit J, Khan I, Solanki P, Sultana Y, Aqil M. Spanlastics a Novel Nanovesicular Carrier: Its Potential Application and Emerging Trends in Therapeutic Delivery. AAPS PharmSciTech 2022; 23:112. [PMID: 35411425 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-022-02217-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology-based drug delivery system has played a very crucial role in overpowering the tasks allied with the conventional dosage form. Spanlastics, an elastic nanovesicle with an ability to carry wide range of drug molecules, make it a potential drug delivery carrier. Spanlastics have extended rising curiosity for diverse sort of route of administration. They can squeeze themselves through the skin pore due to elastic and deformable nature which makes them favorable for transdermal delivery. Spanlastics consist of non-ionic surfactant or blend of surfactants. Many researchers proved that spanlastics have been significantly augment therapeutic efficacy, enhanced drug bioavailability, and reduced drug toxicity. This review summarizes various vesicular systems, composition and structure of spanlastics, advantages of spanlastics over other drug delivery systems, and mechanism of drug penetration through skin. It also gives a brief on different types of drug encapsulated in spanlastics vesicles for the treatment of various diseases.
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Comparative Analysis of the Functional Properties of Films Based on Carrageenans, Chitosan, and Their Polyelectrolyte Complexes. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19120704. [PMID: 34940703 PMCID: PMC8704292 DOI: 10.3390/md19120704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The influence of the structural features of carrageenan on the functional properties of the films was studied. The carrageenans and chitosan films, as well as three-layer films containing a polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) of the two, were prepared. The X-ray diffractograms of carrageenan films reflected its amorphous structure, whereas chitosan and three-layer films were characterized by strong reflection in the regions of 20° and 15° angles, respectively. The SEM of the cross-sectional morphology showed dense packing of the chitosan film, as well as the layer-by-layer structure of different densities for the PEC. Among the tested samples, κ/β-carrageenan and chitosan films showed the highest tensile strength and maximum elongation. Films containing the drug substance echinochrome were obtained. Mucoadhesive properties were assessed as the ability of the films to swell on the mucous tissue and their erosion after contact with the mucosa. All studied films exhibited mucoadhesive properties. All studied films exhibited mucoadhesive properties which depended on the carrageenans structure. Multilayer films are stronger than single-layer carrageenan films due to PEC formation. The resulting puncture strength of the obtained films was comparable to that of commercial samples described in the literature.
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Yermak IM, Gorbach VI, Karnakov IA, Davydova VN, Pimenova EA, Chistyulin DА, Isakov VV, Glazunov VP. Carrageenan gel beads for echinochrome inclusion: Influence of structural features of carrageenan. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 272:118479. [PMID: 34420738 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Carrageenan (CRG) and carrageenan/chitosan (CH) gel beads (CRG/CH) were prepared as a release delivery system for echinochrome A (Ech). According to spectral data, the Ech was dispersed in the polymer matrix, interacted with CRG, was not oxidised, and remained stable after encapsulation in CRG beads. Carrageenan beads containing Ech were coated with CH by layering. The influence of the structural features of CRG on the formation of beads and the beads morphology, swelling behaviour, mucoadhesive properties and drug release were evaluated. The polysaccharide matrices with Ech showed different swelling characteristics depending on the pH of the medium and the structure of the CRG used. The slow drug release from polysaccharide matrixes was observed for κ- and κ/β-CRG beads, that contained 3,6-anhydro-α-d-galactopyranose units and had high molecular weight. The obtained results showed the prospects of using polysaccharide beads to include Ech.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina M Yermak
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 100 Let Vladivostoku Prosp. 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russian Federation.
| | - Vladimir I Gorbach
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 100 Let Vladivostoku Prosp. 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Ivan A Karnakov
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 100 Let Vladivostoku Prosp. 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Viktoria N Davydova
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 100 Let Vladivostoku Prosp. 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Evgeniya A Pimenova
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Palchevskogo ul. 17, 690041, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry А Chistyulin
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 100 Let Vladivostoku Prosp. 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir V Isakov
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 100 Let Vladivostoku Prosp. 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Valery P Glazunov
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 100 Let Vladivostoku Prosp. 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russian Federation
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Tabernero A, Cardea S. Microbial Exopolysaccharides as Drug Carriers. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2142. [PMID: 32961830 PMCID: PMC7570138 DOI: 10.3390/polym12092142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial exopolysaccharides are peculiar polymers that are produced by living organisms and protect them against environmental factors. These polymers are industrially recovered from the medium culture after performing a fermentative process. These materials are biocompatible and biodegradable, possessing specific and beneficial properties for biomedical drug delivery systems. They can have antitumor activity, they can produce hydrogels with different characteristics due to their molecular structure and functional groups, and they can even produce nanoparticles via a self-assembly phenomenon. This review studies the potential use of exopolysaccharides as carriers for drug delivery systems, covering their versatility and their vast possibilities to produce particles, fibers, scaffolds, hydrogels, and aerogels with different strategies and methodologies. Moreover, the main properties of exopolysaccharides are explained, providing information to achieve an adequate carrier selection depending on the final application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Tabernero
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Salamanca, Plaza los Caídos s/n, 37008 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Stefano Cardea
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
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Namazi Z, Jafarzadeh Kashi TS, Erfan M, Najafi F, Bakhtiari L, Ghodsi SR, Farhadnejad H. Facile Synthesis and Characterization of Ibuprofen-mesoporous Hydroxyapatite Nanohybrid as a Sustained Drug Delivery System. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2020; 18:1196-1211. [PMID: 32641932 PMCID: PMC6934965 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2019.1100769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study deals with the fabrication of ibuprofen-mesoporous hydroxyapatite (IBU-MHA) particles via the incorporation of ibuprofen (IBU)—as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug—into mesoporous hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (MHANPs) using an impregnation process, as a novel drug delivery device. MHANPs were synthesized by a self-assembly process using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a cationic surfactant and 1-dodecanethiol as a pore expander under basic condition. The focus of the present study was to optimize the incorporation of IBU molecules into MHANPs under different loading conditions. The synthesized MHANPs and IBU-MHA particles were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), brunauer–emmett–teller (BET), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and thermal analysis (TGA). Drug loading (DL) efficiency of IBU-MHA particles was determined by ultraviolet–visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, and indicated that the optimized IBU-MHA particles with high DL (34.5%) can be obtained at an IBU/ MHANPs ratio of 35/50 (mg/mg), impregnation period of 24 h, and temperature of 40 °C using ethanol as solvent. In-vitro drug release test was carried out to prove the efficiency of IBU-MHA particles as a sustained drug delivery system. A more sustained and controlled drug release was observed for this particles, indicating that it may be have good potential as drug reservoirs for local drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Namazi
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahereh Sadat Jafarzadeh Kashi
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Iranian Tissue Bank and Research Center, Imam Khomeini Medical Complex Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Erfan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhood Najafi
- Department of Resin and Additives, Institute for Color Sciences and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Bakhtiari
- SHEZAN Research and Innovation Center, Pardis Technology Park, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Rohola Ghodsi
- DanaWell Medical Equipment Company, Dental Equipment and Bio-material Technology Incubation Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Farhadnejad
- Student Research Committee, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Abbas AK, Alhamdany AT. Floating Microspheres of Enalapril Maleate as a Developed Controlled Release Dosage Form: Investigation of the Effect of an Ionotropic Gelation Technique. Turk J Pharm Sci 2020; 17:159-171. [PMID: 32454775 PMCID: PMC7227913 DOI: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2018.15046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to provide a control drug delivery system through a newly approved work to enhance the absorption and bioavailability of enalapril maleate loaded floating microspheres by ionotropic gelation technique using a hydrophilic carrier. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eleven developed formulations of floating microspheres were prepared by ionotropic gelation using different concentrations of sodium alginate, iota-carrageenan, sodium bicarbonate, calcium chloride, and the drug. These microspheres were characterized using a diversity of parameters like micrometric properties, percentage yield, entrapment efficiency, in vitro buoyancy, in vitro drug release, and kinetics of drug release. The optimum formula was evaluated and identified for drug-excipients compatibility using fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), surface morphology, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). RESULTS From the results, F4 was selected as the optimum formula since it provides a faster and premium release of drug from the matrix (91.4%). Kinetics of drug release was found to depend on both diffusion and erosion mechanisms, as the correlation coefficient (R2) was best fitted with Korsmeyer's model and the release exponent (n) was shown to be between 0.43 and 0.84. Scanning electron microscopy images demonstrated spherical, discrete, and freely flowing microspheres with a particle size of 199.4±0.04 μm. Optimum buoyancy properties, percentage yield, and drug entrapment efficiency were achieved. FT-IR showed no interaction between enalapril and the polymers. DSC and XRD showed the miscibility of the drug with the polymers while maintaining the stable crystalline properties of enalapril loaded in the prepared microspheres. CONCLUSION The developed floating microspheres of enalapril maleate can be considered a promising controlled drug delivery system, thereby improving patient compliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Khidher Abbas
- Mustansiriyah University, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Anas Tarik Alhamdany
- Mustansiriyah University, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Baghdad, Iraq
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Elsayed MMA. Controlled release alginate-chitosan microspheres of tolmetin sodium prepared by internal gelation technique and characterized by response surface modeling. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902020000118414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Palladium Based-Polysaccharide Hydrogels as Catalysts in the Suzuki Cross-Coupling Reaction. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-019-01221-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Obaidat RM, Alnaief M, Mashaqbeh H. Investigation of Carrageenan Aerogel Microparticles as a Potential Drug Carrier. AAPS PharmSciTech 2018; 19:2226-2236. [PMID: 29736886 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-018-1021-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Carrageenan is an anionic polysaccharide offering many advantages to be used in drug delivery applications. These include availability, thermo-stability, low toxicity, and encapsulating properties. Combination of these properties with aerogel properties like large surface area and porosity make them an ideal candidate for drug adsorption and delivery applications. Emulsion-gelation technique was used to prepare carrageenan gel microparticles with supercritical CO2 for drying and loading purposes. Ibuprofen has been selected as a model drug for drug loading inside. The prepared microparticles were characterized using particle size analysis, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, density measurements, surface area, and porosity measurements. Finally, dissolution was applied to the loaded preparations to test in vitro drug release. Ibuprofen was successfully loaded in the amorphous form inside the prepared microparticles with a significant enhancement in the drug release profile. In conclusion, prepared carrageenan aerogel microparticles showed an excellent potential for use as a drug carrier.
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Mohamadnia Z, Zohuriaan-Mehr M, Kabiri K, Jamshidi A, Mobedi H. pH-Sensitive IPN Hydrogel Beads of Carrageenan-Alginate for Controlled Drug Delivery. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911507078519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogel beads of carrageenan-sodium alginate (Caralgi) were prepared under mild conditions. Betamethasone acetate, as a water-soluble drug model, was simultaneously loaded while the hydrogel network was being formed. The effect of pH and temperature of the preparative media on the drug loading efficiency was investigated. Maximum loading efficiency (71%) was achieved at pH 4.8 and 55°C. The chemical structure and morphology of the Caralgi IPN hydrogels with and without drug were studied using FTIR and SEM analyses. The system exhibited a loading efficiency that depended on the pH and temperature. The in vitro release behavior by Caralgi IPN samples, prepared under various conditions, was evaluated and compared with that of the non-IPN alginate-Ca2+ and carrageenan-K + hydrogels at pH 1.2 and 7.4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Mohamadnia
- Department of Novel Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Polymer Science, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), P.O. Box 14965-115, Tehran, Iran, Department of Color, Resins and Surface Coatings, Faculty of Polymer Processing, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), P.O. Box 14965-115, Tehran, Iran
| | - M.J. Zohuriaan-Mehr
- Department of Color, Resins and Surface Coatings, Faculty of Polymer Processing, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), P.O. Box 14965-115, Tehran, Iran, ,
| | - K. Kabiri
- Department of Color, Resins and Surface Coatings, Faculty of Polymer Processing, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), P.O. Box 14965-115, Tehran, Iran
| | - A. Jamshidi
- Department of Novel Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Polymer Science, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), P.O. Box 14965-115, Tehran, Iran
| | - H. Mobedi
- Department of Novel Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Polymer Science, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), P.O. Box 14965-115, Tehran, Iran
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Popa EG, Reis RL, Gomes ME. Seaweed polysaccharide-based hydrogels used for the regeneration of articular cartilage. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2016; 35:410-24. [PMID: 24646368 DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2014.889079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript provides an overview of the in vitro and in vivo studies reported in the literature focusing on seaweed polysaccharides based hydrogels that have been proposed for applications in regenerative medicine, particularly, in the field of cartilage tissue engineering. For a better understanding of the main requisites for these specific applications, the main aspects of the native cartilage structure, as well as recognized diseases that affect this tissue are briefly described. Current available treatments are also presented to emphasize the need for alternative techniques. The following part of this review is centered on the description of the general characteristics of algae polysaccharides, as well as relevant properties required for designing hydrogels for cartilage tissue engineering purposes. An in-depth overview of the most well known seaweed polysaccharide, namely agarose, alginate, carrageenan and ulvan biopolymeric gels, that have been proposed for engineering cartilage is also provided. Finally, this review describes and summarizes the translational aspect for the clinical application of alternative systems emphasizing the importance of cryopreservation and the commercial products currently available for cartilage treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Geta Popa
- a 3B's Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine , AvePark , Guimarães , Portugal and
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Aminabhavi TM, Deshmukh AS. Polysaccharide-Based Hydrogels as Biomaterials. POLYMERIC HYDROGELS AS SMART BIOMATERIALS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-25322-0_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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16
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El-Aassar M, El Fawal G, Kamoun EA, Fouda MM. Controlled drug release from cross-linked κ-carrageenan/hyaluronic acid membranes. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 77:322-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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17
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Li L, Ni R, Shao Y, Mao S. Carrageenan and its applications in drug delivery. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 103:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 354] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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18
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Effect of binders on the release rates of direct molded verapamil tablets using twin-screw extruder in melt granulation. Int J Pharm 2014; 463:89-97. [PMID: 24406670 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Conventional manufacturing of pharmaceutical tablets often involves single processes such as blending, granulation, milling and direct compression. A process that minimizes and incorporates all these in a single continuous step is desirable. The concept of omitting milling step followed by direct-molding of tablets utilizing a twin-screw extruder in a melt granulation process using thermoplastic binders was explored. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of combining hydrophilic binder (HPMC K4M, PEO 1M), and hydrophobic binder (Compritol® ATO 888, Precirol® ATO 5) on the release profiles of direct-molded tablets and direct-compressed tablets from milled extrudates using a quality-by-design approach. It was identified that hydrophilic binder type and process significantly affects (p=0.005) the release profiles of verapamil. Moreover, two-way interaction analysis demonstrated that the combination of process with type of hydrophilic polymer (p=0.028) and the type of hydrophilic polymer with polymer ratio (p=0.033) significantly affected the release profiles. The formulation release kinetics correlated to Higuchi release model and the mechanism correlated to a non-Fickian release mechanism. The results of the present study indicated that direct-molded tablets with different release profiles can be manufactured without milling process and through a continuous melt granulation using twin-screw extruder with appropriate thermoplastic binder ratio.
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Simvastatin loaded composite polyspheres of gellan gum and carrageenan: In vitro and in vivo evaluation. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 57:238-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Revised: 02/03/2013] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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20
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Hezaveh H, Muhamad II. Controlled drug release via minimization of burst release in pH-response kappa-carrageenan/polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels. Chem Eng Res Des 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2012.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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21
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Hezaveh H, Muhamad II. Modification and swelling kinetic study of kappa-carrageenan-based hydrogel for controlled release study. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2012.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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22
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Popa EG, Caridade SG, Mano JF, Reis RL, Gomes ME. Chondrogenic potential of injectable κ-carrageenan hydrogel with encapsulated adipose stem cells for cartilage tissue-engineering applications. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2013; 9:550-63. [PMID: 23303734 DOI: 10.1002/term.1683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Due to the limited self-repair capacity of cartilage, regenerative medicine therapies for the treatment of cartilage defects must use a significant amount of cells, preferably applied using a hydrogel system that can promise their delivery and functionality at the specific site. This paper discusses the potential use of κ-carrageenan hydrogels for the delivery of stem cells obtained from adipose tissue in the treatment of cartilage tissue defects. The developed hydrogels were produced by an ionotropic gelation method and human adipose stem cells (hASCs) were encapsulated in 1.5% w/v κ-carrageenan solution at a cell density of 5 × 10(6) cells/ml. The results from the analysis of the cell-encapsulating hydrogels, cultured for up to 21 days, indicated that κ-carrageenan hydrogels support the viability, proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation of hASCs. Additionally, the mechanical analysis demonstrated an increase in stiffness and viscoelastic properties of κ-carrageenan gels with their encapsulated cells with increasing time in culture with chondrogenic medium. These results allowed the conclusion that κ-carrageenan exhibits properties that enable the in vitro functionality of encapsulated hASCs and thus may provide the basis for new successful approaches for the treatment of cartilage defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena G Popa
- 3Bs Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3Bs - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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Modified Chitosan-Clay Nanocomposite as a Drug Delivery System Intercalation andIn VitroRelease of Ibuprofen. J CHEM-NY 2013. [DOI: 10.1155/2013/576370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present paper focused on the intercalation of ibuprofen into sodium montmorillonite, chitosan, and chitosan montmorillonite nanocomposites as a sustained release drug carrier. The compounds were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The basal spacing of montmorillonite increased from 9.6 Å to 19.6 Å indicating the intercalation of modified chitosan and ibuprofen between lamellar layers. UV spectroscopy was employed to monitor thein vitrodrug release processes in both pH 5.4 and 7.8 solutions. The results revealed that ibuprofen was released from MMT, CS, and Mod-CS/MMT steadily and was pH dependent.
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24
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Effect of natural cross-linker on swelling and structural stability of kappa-carrageenan/hydroxyethyl cellulose pH-sensitive hydrogels. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-012-0056-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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25
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Hezaveh H, Muhamad II. The effect of nanoparticles on gastrointestinal release from modified κ-carrageenan nanocomposite hydrogels. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 89:138-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.02.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Revised: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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26
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Hezaveh H, Muhamad II, Noshadi I, Shu Fen L, Ngadi N. Swelling behaviour and controlled drug release from cross-linked κ-carrageenan/NaCMC hydrogel by diffusion mechanism. J Microencapsul 2012; 29:368-79. [DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2011.651501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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27
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Kulkarni RV, Boppana R, Krishna Mohan G, Mutalik S, Kalyane NV. pH-responsive interpenetrating network hydrogel beads of poly(acrylamide)-g-carrageenan and sodium alginate for intestinal targeted drug delivery: synthesis, in vitro and in vivo evaluation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2011; 367:509-17. [PMID: 22047923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2011] [Revised: 10/07/2011] [Accepted: 10/08/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, we synthesized pH-responsive interpenetrating network (IPN) hydrogel beads of polyacrylamide grafted κ-carrageenan (PAAm-g-CG) and sodium alginate (SA) for targeting ketoprofen to the intestine. The PAAm-g-CG was synthesized by free radical polymerization followed by alkaline hydrolysis under nitrogen gas. The PAAm-g-CG was characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The drug-loaded IPN hydrogel beads were prepared by simple ionotropic gelation/covalent crosslinking method. The amorphous nature of drug in the beads was confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction studies. The spherical shape of the beads was confirmed by scanning electron microscopic analysis. The beads exhibited ample pH-responsive behavior in the pulsatile swelling study. The ketoprofen release was significantly increased when pH of the medium was changed from acidic to alkaline. The beads showed maximum of 10% drug release in acidic medium of pH 1.2, and about 90% drug release was recorded in alkaline medium of pH 7.4. Stomach histopathology of albino rats indicated that the prepared beads were able to retard the drug release in stomach leading to the reduced ulceration, hemorrhage and erosion of gastric mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghavendra V Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, BLDEA's College of Pharmacy, BLDE University Campus, Bijapur 586 103, Karnataka, India.
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28
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Popa EG, Gomes ME, Reis RL. Cell Delivery Systems Using Alginate–Carrageenan Hydrogel Beads and Fibers for Regenerative Medicine Applications. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:3952-61. [DOI: 10.1021/bm200965x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena G. Popa
- 3B’s Research Group—Biomaterials,
Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of
the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative
Medicine, AvePark, 4806-909 Taipas, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães,
Portugal
| | - Manuela E. Gomes
- 3B’s Research Group—Biomaterials,
Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of
the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative
Medicine, AvePark, 4806-909 Taipas, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães,
Portugal
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B’s Research Group—Biomaterials,
Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of
the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative
Medicine, AvePark, 4806-909 Taipas, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães,
Portugal
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29
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Lectin-functionalized carboxymethylated kappa-carrageenan microparticles for oral insulin delivery. Carbohydr Polym 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.04.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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30
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Robitzer M, Tourrette A, Horga R, Valentin R, Boissière M, Devoisselle J, Di Renzo F, Quignard F. Nitrogen sorption as a tool for the characterisation of polysaccharide aerogels. Carbohydr Polym 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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31
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Mills T, Spyropoulos F, Norton IT, Bakalis S. Development of an in-vitro mouth model to quantify salt release from gels. Food Hydrocoll 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2010.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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32
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From Natural Polysaccharides to Materials for Catalysis, Adsorption, and Remediation. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2010; 294:165-97. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2010_56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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33
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Briones AV, Sato T. Encapsulation of glucose oxidase (GOD) in polyelectrolyte complexes of chitosan–carrageenan. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2009.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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34
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Tripathy J, Mishra DK, Yadav M, Sand A, Behari K. Modification of κ-carrageenan by graft copolymerization of methacrylic acid: Synthesis and applications. J Appl Polym Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/app.30703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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35
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Keppeler S, Ellis A, Jacquier J. Cross-linked carrageenan beads for controlled release delivery systems. Carbohydr Polym 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2009.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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36
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Arica B, Caliş S, Atilla P, Durlu NT, Cakar N, Kaş HS, Hincal AA. In vitroandin vivostudies of ibuprofen-loaded biodegradable alginate beads. J Microencapsul 2008; 22:153-65. [PMID: 16019901 DOI: 10.1080/02652040400026319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The irritation effects of ibuprofen, a widely used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), were evaluated on mouse gastric and duodenal mucosa when suspended in 0.5% (w/v) sodiumcarboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) solution and loaded in alginate beads. The ionotropic gelation method was used to prepare controlled release alginate beads of ibuprofen. The influence of various formulation factors on the encapsulation efficiency, as in vitro drug release and micromeritic properties, was investigated. Other variables included the alginate concentration, percentage drug loading and stirring speed during the microencapsulation process. Scanning electron micrographs of alginate beads loaded with ibuprofen showed rough surface morphology and particle sizes in the range of 1.15 +/- 0.4 - 3.15 +/- 0.6 mm. The yield of microspheres, as collected after drying, was generally 80-90%. Formulation code H showing t50% value of 3.5 h was chosen for in vivo trials because of the appropriate drug release properties. For in vivo trials, free ibuprofen (100 mg kg(-1)), blank and ibuprofen (100 mg kg(-1)) loaded alginate beads (formulation code H) were suspended in 0.5% (w/v) NaCMC solution and each group was given to six mice orally by gavage. NaCMC solution was used as a control in experimental studies. In vivo data showed that the administration of ibuprofen in alginate beads prevented the gastric lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Arica
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Hacettepe, Ankara, Turkey
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37
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Mohamadnia Z, Zohuriaan-Mehr MJ, Kabiri K, Jamshidi A, Mobedi H. Ionically cross-linked carrageenan-alginate hydrogel beads. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2008; 19:47-59. [PMID: 18177553 DOI: 10.1163/156856208783227640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogel beads based on the carbohydrate biopolymers kappa-carrageenan and sodium alginate were newly prepared. Both classical and experimental design (Taguchi) methods were used to obtain the optimum conditions for the full-polysaccharide hydrogel preparation. The carrageenan-alginate (Caralgi) beads exhibited a surface morphology smoother than that of the one-polysaccharide network beads. Infrared spectroscopy and DSC/TGA thermal methods were used to study the chemical structure and thermal properties of the beads. The carrageenan parts appreciably enhanced thermostability of the networks. The fully carbohydrate-based hydrogel beads are expected to be biologically compatible and degradable. They are being considered as new carriers for drug loading and controlled delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Mohamadnia
- Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), P.O. Box 14965-115, Tehran, Iran
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38
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39
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Encapsulation of β-carotene from sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides L.) juice in furcellaran beads. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2007.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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40
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Mangione MR, Giacomazza D, Cavallaro G, Bulone D, Martorana V, San Biagio PL. Relation between structural and release properties in a polysaccharide gel system. Biophys Chem 2007; 129:18-22. [PMID: 17512653 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2007.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2007] [Revised: 04/26/2007] [Accepted: 04/26/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The potential utility of kappa-carrageenan gels for preparing drug release devices is here shown. Structural properties of kappa-carrageenan gels prepared with different salt composition and containing Ketoprofen sodium salt, as model drug, have been evaluated with static light scattering and rheological measurements. These properties have been correlated with release profiles in vitro at pH 5.5. Release properties from gelled matrices have been compared with those obtained by two commercial products containing the same drug. Results show that: i) in this system it is possible to easily control the gel texture by using different cationic concentration; ii) the kinetics of drug release by kappa-carrageenan gels are dependent on the structural properties of matrices; iii) in the typical interval time used in classical local applications, all gel samples release the loaded drug almost completely, at difference with the commercial products. All these findings can provide useful suggestions for the realization of classical topical release systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Mangione
- CNR, Istituto di Biofisica @ Palermo, Via Ugo La Malfa, 153 I-90146 Palermo, Italy
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41
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Bhise KS, Dhumal RS, Chauhan B, Paradkar A, Kadam SS. Effect of oppositely charged polymer and dissolution medium on swelling, erosion, and drug release from chitosan matrices. AAPS PharmSciTech 2007; 8:Article 44. [PMID: 17622119 PMCID: PMC2750359 DOI: 10.1208/pt0802044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2006] [Accepted: 01/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The reasons for retarded release of naproxen sodium from the chitosan matrices at different pH include poor aqueous solubility of drug, the formation of a rate-limiting polymer gel barrier along the periphery of matrices, the interaction of naproxen sodium with protonated amino groups of chitosan, and the interaction of ionized amino groups of chitosan with ionized sulfate groups of kappa-carrageenan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran S. Bhise
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Erandwane, 411038 Pune, Maharashtra State India
| | - Ravindra S. Dhumal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Erandwane, 411038 Pune, Maharashtra State India
| | - Bhaskar Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Erandwane, 411038 Pune, Maharashtra State India
| | - Anant Paradkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Erandwane, 411038 Pune, Maharashtra State India
| | - Shivajirao S. Kadam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Erandwane, 411038 Pune, Maharashtra State India
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42
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Sankalia MG, Mashru RC, Sankalia JM, Sutariya VB. Physicochemical characterization of papain entrapped in ionotropically cross-linked kappa-carrageenan gel beads for stability improvement using Doehlert shell design. J Pharm Sci 2006; 95:1994-2013. [PMID: 16850431 DOI: 10.1002/jps.20665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This work examines the influence of various process parameters on papain entrapped in cross-linked kappa-carrageenan beads for improvement of its stability. A Doehlert shell design (DSD) was employed to investigate the effect of three process variables, namely kappa-carrageenan concentration, KCl concentration, and hardening time, on the entrapment, time required for 50% enzyme release (T50), time required for 90% enzyme release (T90), and particle size. The beads were prepared by dropping the kappa-carrageenan containing papain into a magnetically stirred KCl solution. Topographical characterization was carried out by scanning electron microscopy and entrapment was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. Stability testing was carried out according to the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines for zone III and IV. A polymeric matrix was prepared with kappa-carrageenan (3.5% w/v) and potassium chloride (0.5 M) using the ionotropic gelation method, with a hardening time of 20 min. Beads characterized by a spherical disc shape with a collapsed center, an absence of aggregates, an entrapment of 82.75%, a T90 value of 55.36 min, and a composite index of 88.55 were produced. The shelf-life of the enzyme-loaded beads was found to increase to 3.63 years compared with 1.01 years for the conventional formulation. It can be inferred that the proposed methodology can be used to prepare papain-loaded kappa-carrageenan beads for stability improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayur G Sankalia
- Pharmacy Department, Centre of Relevance and Excellence in Novel Drug Delivery Systems, G. H. Patel Building, Donor's Plaza, The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara 390 002, India.
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Pasparakis G, Bouropoulos N. Swelling studies and in vitro release of verapamil from calcium alginate and calcium alginate–chitosan beads. Int J Pharm 2006; 323:34-42. [PMID: 16828245 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2006.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 304] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2005] [Revised: 04/12/2006] [Accepted: 05/24/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present work was to investigate the swelling behavior and the in vitro release of the antihypertensive drug verapamil hydrochloride from calcium alginate and chitosan treated calcium alginate beads. Calcium-alginate beads, chitosan-coated alginate beads and alginate-chitosan mixed beads were synthesized and their morphology was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The swelling ability of the beads in different media was found to be dependent on the presence of the polyelectrolyte complex between alginate and chitosan, the pH of the aqueous media and the initial physical state of the beads. The results revealed that the encapsulation of verapamil in both calcium-alginate and calcium alginate-chitosan mixed beads exceeded 80%. Considering the in vitro stability of verapamil encapsulating beads, 70% of the drug released from wet and dry plain calcium alginate beads within 1 and 3h, respectively. The presence of chitosan was found to retard significantly the release from wet beads. However, in the case of dry beads the presence of chitosan had no significant effect on the initial release stage and significantly increased the release on the later stage. The results were analyzed by using a semi-empirical equation and it was found that the drug release mechanisms were either "anomalous transport" or "case-II transport".
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Affiliation(s)
- George Pasparakis
- Department of Materials Science, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
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44
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Sankalia MG, Mashru RC, Sankalia JM, Sutariya VB. Stability improvement of alpha-amylase entrapped in kappa-carrageenan beads: Physicochemical characterization and optimization using composite index. Int J Pharm 2006; 312:1-14. [PMID: 16500055 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2005.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2005] [Revised: 11/01/2005] [Accepted: 11/24/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This work examines the influence of various process parameters on alpha-amylase entrapped in crosslinked kappa-carrageenan beads for stability improvement. A three level full factorial design was employed to investigate the effect of three process variables namely kappa-carrageenan concentration, potassium chloride concentration and hardening time on % entrapment, time required for 50% (T50) and 90% (T90) of enzyme release and particle size. METHODS The beads were prepared by dropping the kappa-carrageenan-containing alpha-amylase to magnetically stirred potassium chloride solution. The composite index was applied to optimize the process under study. 'In vitro' enzyme release profile of the beads was fitted to various release kinetics models to understand the release mechanism. Topographical characterization was carried out by SEM and entrapment was confirmed by FTIR and DSC. Stability testing according to the ICH guidelines for zone III and IV was carried out. RESULTS With the use of ionotropic gelation method, a polymeric matrix prepared by 3.5% (w/v) kappa-carrageenan, 0.7 M potassium chloride and hardening time of 30 min resulted in the production of beads characterized by disc shaped with collapsed center, absence of aggregates, % entrapment of 73.79, T90 of 74.4 min, and composite index of 83.01. Moreover, shelf-life of the enzyme loaded beads was found to increase up to 3.53 years compared to 0.99 year of the conventional formulation. CONCLUSIONS It can be inferred that the proposed method can be used to prepare alpha-amylase loaded kappa-carrageenan beads for stability improvement. Also the proper selection of rate-controlling carrageenan concentration and its interactive potential for crosslinking is important and will determine the overall size and shape of beads, the duration and pattern of dissolution profiles and enzyme loading capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayur G Sankalia
- Centre of Relevance and Excellence in Novel Drug Delivery Systems, Pharmacy Department, G.H. Patel Building, The M.S. University of Baroda, Vadodara 390002, India.
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45
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Boissière M, Tourrette A, Devoisselle JM, Di Renzo F, Quignard F. Pillaring effects in macroporous carrageenan–silica composite microspheres. J Colloid Interface Sci 2006; 294:109-16. [PMID: 16083892 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2005.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2005] [Revised: 06/24/2005] [Accepted: 07/06/2005] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The impregnation of a carrageenan gel by a silica sol is an efficient method to form a composite material which can be conveniently activated by CO2 supercritical drying. The textural properties of the solids have been characterized by nitrogen adsorption-desorption at 77 K and their composition by thermogravimetric analysis and EDX microprobe. Morphology was examined by SEM. The silica-carrageenan composites present an open macroporous structure. Silica particles retained inside the gel behaved as pillars between the polysaccharide fibrils and form a stick-and-ball network. The stiffening of the carrageenan gel by silica prevented its shrinkage upon drying. The nature of the alkali cations affected the retention of silica particles inside the gel. In the absence of silica, carrageenan fibrils rearrange under supercritical drying and form an aerogel with cavities in the mesopore range.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Boissière
- Laboratoire de Matériaux Catalytiques et Catalyse en Chimie Organique, UMR 5618-CNRS-ENSCM-UM1, Institut C. Gerhardt, FR 1878, 8 rue de l'Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier cedex 5, France
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46
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Valentin R, Molvinger K, Viton C, Domard A, Quignard F. From Hydrocolloids to High Specific Surface Area Porous Supports for Catalysis. Biomacromolecules 2005; 6:2785-92. [PMID: 16153119 DOI: 10.1021/bm050264j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharide hydrogels are effective supports for heterogeneous catalysts. Their use in solvents different from water has been hampered by their instability upon drying. While the freeze-drying process or air-drying of hydrocolloid gels led to compact solids with a low surface area, drying the gel in CO2 beyond the critical point provided mesoporous materials with a high specific surface area. Their effectiveness as a support for catalysis was exemplified in the reaction of substitution of an allyl carbonate with morpholine catalyzed by the hydrosoluble Pd(TPPTS)3 complex. The influence of water on the catalytic activity and the properties of the support was evidenced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Valentin
- Laboratoire des Matériaux Catalytiques et Catalyse en Chimie Organique, UMR 5618 ENSCM-CNRS-UM1 Institut Gerhart FR 1878, 8 Rue de l'Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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Naim S, Samuel B, Chauhan B, Paradkar A. Effect of potassium chloride and cationic drug on swelling, erosion and release from kappa-carrageenan matrices. AAPS PharmSciTech 2004; 5:e25. [PMID: 15760083 PMCID: PMC2750460 DOI: 10.1208/pt050225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The basic objective of this work was to study the effect of model cationic drug metformin HCl on swelling and erosion and, in turn, the release of KCl and drug itself, from the kappa-carrageenan matrices. Water uptake by the matrix up to 2 hours was found to increase with KCl concentration from the plain matrix. Erosion was not affected by concentration of KCl. Incorporation of drug favors water uptake, but in presence of KCl it was found to be reduced. Drug-containing matrices have shown higher release of KCl as compared with plain batches. Drug release was retarded as KCl concentration increased up to 5%, above which the reduced cohesivity of the matrix caused increase in drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Naim
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Erandwane, 411038 Pune, Maharashtra India
| | - Betty Samuel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Erandwane, 411038 Pune, Maharashtra India
| | - Bhaskar Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Erandwane, 411038 Pune, Maharashtra India
| | - Anant Paradkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Erandwane, 411038 Pune, Maharashtra India
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Girod S, Boissière M, Longchambon K, Begu S, Tourne-Pétheil C, Devoisselle J. Polyelectrolyte complex formation between iota-carrageenan and poly(l-lysine) in dilute aqueous solutions: a spectroscopic and conformational study. Carbohydr Polym 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2003.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Passerini N, Perissutti B, Albertini B, Voinovich D, Moneghini M, Rodriguez L. Controlled release of verapamil hydrochloride from waxy microparticles prepared by spray congealing. J Control Release 2003; 88:263-75. [PMID: 12628333 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-3659(03)00009-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the potential of waxes for preparing with the ultrasonic spray congealing technique microparticles for controlling the in vitro release of verapamil HCl was investigated. The first part of the study encompassed the optimisation of the formulation to achieve an efficient drug incorporation together with a satisfactory in vitro drug release rate. In particular, microcrystalline wax, stearyl alcohol and mixtures of the two were used. Also a surfactant (soya lecithin) was added to the formulations. After the particle size analysis, the characterisation of the microparticles involved the study of the solid state of drug and carriers in the systems (DSC, HSM and XRD) and the morphological and chemical analyses of the microparticle surface (SEM and XPS). Finally, the drug release mechanism from these devices was evaluated using the statistical moment analysis. The results of this study show that by selecting the type and the amount of the carriers, microparticles with a spherical shape and a good encapsulation efficiency were observed. These particles showed a zero-order release for 8 h, without modifying the solid state properties of the drug. Therefore, waxy microparticles prepared by the ultrasonic spray congealing technique are promising solvent-free devices for controlling the release of verapamil HCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Passerini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via S. Donato 19/2, Italy.
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