Y-chromosomal STR haplotype in the Japanese population

16 Y chromosomal STR haplotypes in Japanese

A total of 1079 Japanese males were typed for the following 16 Y chromosomal short tandem repeat (Y-STR) markers: DYS456, DYS389I, DYS390, DYS389II, DYS458, DYS19, DYS385, DYS393, DYS391, DYS439, DYS635, DYS392, Y GATA H4, DYS437, DYS438 and DYS448 using an AmpFlSTR(R) Yfiler PCR Amplification kit (Applied Biosystems). A total of 950 haplotypes for the 16 Y-STR markers were detected and, of these, 886 haplotypes were unique. The most frequent haplotype was found in 22 Japanese males. The haplotype diversity was 0.9992, indicating a high potential for differentiating between male individuals. There were 10 haplotypes with no allele detected at the DYS448 marker. Thus, the presence of such atypical haplotypes should be noted, when DNA typing results obtained from degraded DNA samples and/or DNA mixture samples from more than one male individual are being interpreted.

12 Y-chromosomal STR haplotypes in Japanese

Haplotypes and allele frequencies of 12 Y-STRs were examined in a population sample of 381 Japanese male volunteers. A total of 315 haplotypes were identified, of which 288 haplotypes were unique, and 18, three, three, two, one and one were found in two, three, four, five, eight and 18 individuals, respectively. Total gene diversity was 0.997.

Polymorphisms of six Y-chromosome STRs in a Chinese population

The polymorphic short tandem repeat (STR) loci of six Y-chromosome markers were investigated in 112 unrelated Chinese males using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Allele and haplotype frequencies for the Y-specific STR loci DYS19, DYS385, DYS389II, DYS390, DYS391 and DYS393 were analyzed by the Y-PLEX 6 Kit. The commonest allele for each locus was: DYS19, allele 15; DYS385, allele 12; DYS389II, allele 28; DYS390, allele 23; DYS391, 10; and DYS393, allele 12. Gene diversity value was calculated from the allelic frequency for each locus. The DYS385 locus proved to be highly polymorphic (0.890), DYS391 showed the lowest value (0.489), and the other loci showed values ranging from 0.646 to 0.897. A total of 99 haplotypes were observed in six Y-specific STR loci, the haplotype diversity was raised to 0.999. The results revealed that a set of six Y-specific STR loci were able to discriminate most of the male individuals in the Chinese population.

Y-STR polymorphism in Central Anatolian Region of Turkey

Eight Y-chromosome specific STR (Y-STR) loci including DYS19, DYS388, DYS389I, DYS389II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392 and DYS393 were investigated in a group of males from Central Anatolian Region of Turkey. Healthy 59 males living in this region for at least three generations were included in the study. PCR analysis was carried out with Y-STR specific primers on genomic DNA obtained from peripheral blood samples and size determination of PCR products was performed by silver staining following 6% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). DYS388 was found to be the locus with lowest diversity (D) whereas DYS389II was the locus with highest diversity. The current study presented a framework of variation for the eight Y-STR loci in Central Anatolian population.

Short tandem repeat data analysis in a Mongolian population

Fifteen somatic (D8S1179, D21S11, D7S820, CSF1PO, D3S1358, TH01, D13S317, D16S539, D2S1338, D19S433, VWA, TPOX, D18S51, D5S818, FGA) and five Y-chromosome (DYS19, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393) short tandem repeat (STR) system analyses were carried out in a Mongolian population in order to define the possible relationship between Mongolians and old Hungarian population. For STR data analysis the Microsoft Excel-PowerStats program was used. Inter-population data analysis was performed with Arlequin Software ver. 2.000. The somatic markers showed meaningful difference between Mongolians and old Hungarians but the distribution of the Y-chromosome STR systems refers to a closer relationship between the old Hungarian and oriental populations.

Utility of Y-STR haplotype and mtDNA sequence in personal identification of human remains

The utility of Y-STR haplotype and mtDNA sequence in personal identification from human remains is demonstrated. In five cases, severely damaged human remains were identified by Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat (STR) (Y-STR) haplotyping and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequencing. DNA was extracted from highly adipoceratous tissues using the phenol-chloroform method and polymerase chain reaction amplified for Y-STR haplotyping and sequencing of two hypervariable regions, HV1 and HV2, of the mtDNA. The authors also profiled the Y-STR haplotype and mtDNA sequence of a blood sample that was obtained from the presumptive brother of the decedent. Y-STR haplotyping and mtDNA sequencing results were compared with one another and with the Anderson sequence. It was concluded from these data that the lower part of the body (Case 1), the human head (Case 2), the upper part of the body (Case 3), and the right arm (Case 4) were from the same individual, whereas another lower part of a body (Case 5) was from a relative of the presumptive brother. A novel descriptive way of a statistical characteristic, gene or haplotype diversity, is shown.