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Steiger C, Phan NV, Huang H, Sun H, Chu JN, Reker D, Gwynne D, Collins J, Tamang S, McManus R, Lopes A, Hayward A, Baron RM, Kim EY, Traverso G. Dynamic Monitoring of Systemic Biomarkers with Gastric Sensors. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2102861. [PMID: 34713599 PMCID: PMC8693042 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Continuous monitoring in the intensive care setting has transformed the capacity to rapidly respond with interventions for patients in extremis. Noninvasive monitoring has generally been limited to transdermal or intravascular systems coupled to transducers including oxygen saturation or pressure. Here it is hypothesized that gastric fluid (GF) and gases, accessible through nasogastric (NG) tubes, commonly found in intensive care settings, can provide continuous access to a broad range of biomarkers. A broad characterization of biomarkers in swine GF coupled to time-matched serum is conducted . The relationship and kinetics of GF-derived analyte level dynamics is established by correlating these to serum levels in an acute renal failure and an inducible stress model performed in swine. The ability to monitor ketone levels and an inhaled anaesthetic agent (isoflurane) in vivo is demonstrated with novel NG-compatible sensor systems in swine. Gastric access remains a main stay in the care of the critically ill patient, and here the potential is established to harness this establishes route for analyte evaluation for clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Steiger
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer ResearchMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA
- Division of GastroenterologyBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
| | - Nhi V. Phan
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer ResearchMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA
| | - Hen‐Wei Huang
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer ResearchMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA
- Division of GastroenterologyBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
| | - Haoying Sun
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer ResearchMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA
| | - Jacqueline N. Chu
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer ResearchMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA
- Division of GastroenterologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
| | - Daniel Reker
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer ResearchMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA
- Division of GastroenterologyBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
| | - Declan Gwynne
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer ResearchMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA
- Division of GastroenterologyBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
| | - Joy Collins
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer ResearchMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA
| | - Siddartha Tamang
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer ResearchMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA
| | - Rebecca McManus
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer ResearchMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA
| | - Aaron Lopes
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer ResearchMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA
| | - Alison Hayward
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer ResearchMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA
- Division of Comparative MedicineMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA
| | - Rebecca M. Baron
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineDepartment of MedicineBrigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
| | - Edy Y. Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineDepartment of MedicineBrigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
| | - Giovanni Traverso
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer ResearchMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA
- Division of GastroenterologyBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA
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Zemanová N, Anzenbacher P, Hudcovic T, Anzenbacherová E. Rapid Determination of Metronidazole and 2-Hydroxymetronidazole in Murine Blood Plasma. J Chromatogr Sci 2021; 60:81-87. [PMID: 33876238 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmab049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Metronidazole is a drug used to treat bacterial and protozoan infections. Nowadays, it is one of the most frequently prescribed drugs worldwide. The main aim of this paper is to present a rapid, reliable and simple high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method to determine metronidazole along with its primary metabolite, 2-hydroxymetronidazole, in plasma or serum using paracetamol as an internal standard. A total of 100% methanol was used to denature plasma proteins. After centrifugation, the supernatant was evaporated under nitrogen flow. The samples were dissolved in the mobile phase and injected into a Li-Chrospher RP-18 column. A total of 10 mmol/L NaH2PO4: acetonitrile (90:10, v/v) solution with a flow rate of 1 mL/min was used as the mobile phase. Metronidazole and 2-hydroxymetronidazole were detected at two different wavelengths at 320 nm and 311 nm, respectively. The method is characterized by high precision (relative standard deviation % < 6). The method was used for the determination of metronidazole and 2-hydroxymetronidazole in murine blood using small amounts of plasma (≤100 μL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Zemanová
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 976/3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Anzenbacher
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 976/3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Hudcovic
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Doly 183, 549 22 Nový Hrádek, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Anzenbacherová
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 976/3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Alexandrova L, Haque F, Rodriguez P, Marrazzo AC, Grembi JA, Ramachandran V, Hryckowian AJ, Adams CM, Siddique MSA, Khan AI, Qadri F, Andrews JR, Rahman M, Spormann AM, Schoolnik GK, Chien A, Nelson EJ. Identification of Widespread Antibiotic Exposure in Patients With Cholera Correlates With Clinically Relevant Microbiota Changes. J Infect Dis 2020; 220:1655-1666. [PMID: 31192364 PMCID: PMC6782107 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiz299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A first step to combating antimicrobial resistance in enteric pathogens is to establish an objective assessment of antibiotic exposure. Our goal was to develop and evaluate a liquid chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry (LC/MS) method to determine antibiotic exposure in patients with cholera. METHODS A priority list for targeted LC/MS was generated from medication-vendor surveys in Bangladesh. A study of patients with and those without cholera was conducted to collect and analyze paired urine and stool samples. RESULTS Among 845 patients, 11% (90) were Vibrio cholerae positive; among these 90 patients, analysis of stool specimens revealed ≥1 antibiotic in 86% and ≥2 antibiotics in 52%. Among 44 patients with cholera and paired urine and stool specimens, ≥1 antibiotic was detected in 98% and ≥2 antibiotics were detected in 84%, despite 55% self-reporting medication use. Compared with LC/MS, a low-cost antimicrobial detection bioassay lacked a sufficient negative predictive value (10%; 95% confidence interval, 6%-16%). Detection of guideline-recommended antibiotics in stool specimens did (for azithromycin; P = .040) and did not (for ciprofloxacin) correlate with V. cholerae suppression. A nonrecommended antibiotic (metronidazole) was associated with decreases in anaerobes (ie, Prevotella organisms; P < .001). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that there may be no true negative control group when attempting to account for antibiotic exposure in settings like those in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Alexandrova
- Vincent Coates Foundation Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, School of Medicine, Stanford University, California
| | - Farhana Haque
- Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control, and Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Patricia Rodriguez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville.,Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Ashton C Marrazzo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville.,Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Jessica A Grembi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, School of Medicine, Stanford University, California
| | - Vasavi Ramachandran
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Stanford University, California
| | - Andrew J Hryckowian
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, California
| | - Christopher M Adams
- Vincent Coates Foundation Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, School of Medicine, Stanford University, California
| | - Md Shah A Siddique
- Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ashraful I Khan
- Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Firdausi Qadri
- Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Jason R Andrews
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, California
| | - Mahmudur Rahman
- Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control, and Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Alfred M Spormann
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, School of Medicine, Stanford University, California
| | - Gary K Schoolnik
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, California
| | - Allis Chien
- Vincent Coates Foundation Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, School of Medicine, Stanford University, California
| | - Eric J Nelson
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Stanford University, California
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Development and validation of a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry assay for the measurement of faecal metronidazole. Clin Biochem 2016; 50:323-330. [PMID: 27932283 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2016.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metronidazole is an oral antibiotic which is widely used in the treatment of patients with Clostridium difficile associated disease. METHODS This article describes the validation of a LC-MS/MS assay for the measurement of metronidazole in human faecal samples. RESULTS Matrix matched and aqueous standards showed no significant difference in performance for the routine calibration of the assay. D4 deuterated metronidazole internal standard eluted with a different retention time to the undeuterated metronidazole on chromatography, hence zidovudine was used as an internal standard. Ion suppression was noted for both metronidazole and zidovudine due to unidentified compounds present in the faecal matrix and this was improved by extracting a smaller quantity of faeces and diluting the extract prior to analysis. Measurement uncertainty was 13% at 28,400ng/ml, 7.2% at 3300ng/ml, 3.9% at 320ng/ml, 13.6% at 109ng/ml and 30.9% at 20ng/ml. The assay was shown to be linear on dilution and the sensitivity of the assay was superior to HPLC assays using UV detection. The limit of detection was 5ng/ml, the limit of quantitation was 66ng/ml and the upper limit of the working range was 30,000ng/ml. Patient samples were stable at -20°C for 12months and extracted faecal samples were stable on storage for 1week at 4°C. There were no specific requirements for patient preparation or time of sample collection relative to taking metronidazole. CONCLUSIONS Metronidazole can be quantified in faecal samples using LC-MS/MS which opens up opportunities for further research in this area.
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Zhang K, Liu X. Reprint of “Mixed-mode chromatography in pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical applications”. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 130:19-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Mixed-mode chromatography in pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical applications. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 128:73-88. [PMID: 27236100 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Mixed-mode chromatography (MMC) is a fast growing area in recent years, thanks to the new generation of mixed-mode stationary phases and better understanding of multimode interactions. MMC has superior applications in the separation of compounds that are not retained or not well resolved by typical reversed-phase LC methods, especially for polar and charged molecules. Due to the multiple retention modes that a single MMC column can offer, often MMC provides additional dimension to a separation method by adjusting the mobile phase conditions. Mixed-mode media is also an effective way to clean up complex sample matrices for purification purposes or for sensitive detection of trace amounts of analytes. In this article, we discuss mixed-mode stationary phases and separation mechanisms and review recent advances in pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical applications including the analysis and/or purification of counterions, small molecule drugs, impurities, formulation excipients, peptides and proteins.
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Boron doped diamond sensor for sensitive determination of metronidazole: Mechanistic and analytical study by cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 59:604-610. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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El-Kommos ME, Khashaba PY, Ali HRH, El-Wekil MM. Different Chromatographic and Electrophoretic Methods for Analysis of Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs): A Review. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2015.1079722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael E. El-Kommos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Pakinaz Y. Khashaba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Hassan Refat H. Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. El-Wekil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Malisetty SK, Rambabu C. Simultaneous determination of aspirin and esomeprazole magnesium in combined tablets by validated UPLC method. Pharm Methods 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phme.2012.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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10
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Kubodera M, Tokumura T, Machida Y. Determination of metronidazole in a rat stomach by HPLC for obtaining basic data of the eradication therapy of Helicobacter pylori. J Pharm Anal 2012; 2:378-381. [PMID: 29403770 PMCID: PMC5760776 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2012.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Accepted: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the eradication therapy of Helicobacter pylori changes of antibiotics as these concentrations or amount in the stomach after oral administration were not clear. A simple and accurate method for determining the concentration of metronidazole (MTZ) in homogenate of rat stomach was developed in order to obtain basic data to design a pharmaceutical preparation having targeting ability to the surface of gastric-mucosa. This method included a deproteinization process by methanol, separation with reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, and detection with an ultraviolet wavelength of 370 nm. Regression analysis showed that the method was linear over a standard curve range from 5 μg/mL to 2000 μg/mL. The inter-day precision and accuracy values between the ranges were 5.0% or better and -7.5 to 5.2%, respectively. The newly developed method was applied to an analysis of gastric samples after oral administration of MTZ at a dose of 5 mg/kg. It was found that the residual MTZ in the stomach was determined within 5 h after dosing. This method is useful for monitoring MTZ in stomach after its oral administration to rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Kubodera
- Pharmaceutical Research Laboratories, Nihon Generic Co. Ltd., Kannonndai 1-25-4, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan
| | - Tadakazu Tokumura
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare, Kitakanemaru 2600-1, Ohtawara, Tochigi 324-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Machida
- Department of Drug Delivery Research, Hoshi University, Ebara 2-4-41, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
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Ahmad L, Iqbal Z, Nazir S, Shah Y, Khan A, Khan MI, Nasir F, Khan A. OPTIMIZATION AND VALIDATION OF HPLC-UV METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF OMEPRAZOLE AND ITS METABOLITES IN HUMAN PLASMA: EFFECTS OF VARIOUS EXPERIMENTAL CONDITIONS AND PARAMETERS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2011.569807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lateef Ahmad
- a Department of Pharmacy , University of Peshawar , Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Zafar Iqbal
- a Department of Pharmacy , University of Peshawar , Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Shabnam Nazir
- a Department of Pharmacy , University of Peshawar , Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Yasar Shah
- a Department of Pharmacy , University of Peshawar , Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Abad Khan
- a Department of Pharmacy , University of Peshawar , Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad I. Khan
- a Department of Pharmacy , University of Peshawar , Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Fazli Nasir
- a Department of Pharmacy , University of Peshawar , Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Abbas Khan
- a Department of Pharmacy , University of Peshawar , Peshawar, Pakistan
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12
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Kumar KS, Samnani PB. Preconcentration and Quantitative Determination of Esomeprazole Magnesium Present in Water. ANAL LETT 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710903502058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Al-Badr AA. Omeprazole. PROFILES OF DRUG SUBSTANCES, EXCIPIENTS, AND RELATED METHODOLOGY 2010; 35:151-262. [PMID: 22469222 DOI: 10.1016/s1871-5125(10)35004-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
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Development and validation of a dried blood spot–HPLC assay for the determination of metronidazole in neonatal whole blood samples. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 397:687-93. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-3571-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2009] [Revised: 01/05/2010] [Accepted: 02/11/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Cox S, Allender MC, Yarbrough J. DETERMINATION OF METRONIDAZOLE IN ADULT ARTEMIA USING HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070903430381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sherry Cox
- a Departments of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine , University of Tennessee , Knoxville , TN
| | - Matthew C. Allender
- b Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine , Knoxville , TN
| | - Jason Yarbrough
- a Departments of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine , University of Tennessee , Knoxville , TN
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Tashtoush BM, Jacobson EL, Jacobson MK. Validation of a Simple and Rapid HPLC Method for Determination of Metronidazole in Dermatological Formulations. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2008; 34:840-4. [DOI: 10.1080/03639040801928598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Prabu SL, Shirwaikar A, Shirwaikar A, Kumar CD, Joseph A, Kumar R. Simultaneous Estimation of Esomeprazole and Domperidone by UV Spectrophotometric Method. Indian J Pharm Sci 2008; 70:128-31. [PMID: 20390100 PMCID: PMC2852053 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.40351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2007] [Revised: 09/10/2007] [Accepted: 02/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel, simple, sensitive and rapid spectrophotometric method has been developed for simultaneous estimation of esomeprazole and domperidone. The method involved solving simultaneous equations based on measurement of absorbance at two wavelengths, 301 nm and 284 nm, lambda max of esomeprazole and domperidone respectively. Beer's law was obeyed in the concentration range of 5-20 mug/ml and 8-30 mug/ml for esomeprazole and domperidone respectively. The method was found to be precise, accurate, and specific. The proposed method was successfully applied to estimation of esomeprazole and domperidone in combined solid dosage form.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lakshmana Prabu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal - 576 104, India
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Espinosa Bosch M, Ruiz Sánchez AJ, Sánchez Rojas F, Bosch Ojeda C. Analytical methodologies for the determination of omeprazole: An overview. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2007; 44:831-44. [PMID: 17532167 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2007.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2007] [Revised: 04/16/2007] [Accepted: 04/17/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Omeprazole, a gastric acid pump inhibitor, dose-dependently controls gastric acid secretion; the drug has greater antisecretory activity than histamine H(2)-receptor antagonists. Omeprazole has been determined in formulations and biological fluids by a variety of methods such as spectrophotometry, high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection and liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. The overview includes the most relevant analytical methodologies used in its determination since the origin still today.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Espinosa Bosch
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain
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Storms ML, Stewart JT. DEVELOPMENT OF A REVERSED-PHASE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHOD FOR THE ANALYSIS OF AMOXICILLIN, METRONIDAZOLE, AND PANTOPRAZOLE IN HUMAN PLASMA USING SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-120014265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meredith L. Storms
- a Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences , College of Pharmacy, The University of Georgia , Athens , GA 30602-2352 , USA
| | - James T. Stewart
- b Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences , College of Pharmacy, The University of Georgia , Athens , GA 30602-2352 , USA
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Hultman I, Stenhoff H, Liljeblad M. Determination of esomeprazole and its two main metabolites in human, rat and dog plasma by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2006; 848:317-22. [PMID: 17142113 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.10.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2006] [Revised: 10/20/2006] [Accepted: 10/24/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A LC-MS/MS method was developed for quantitative determination of esomeprazole, and its two main metabolites 5-hydroxyesomeprazole and omeprazole sulphone in 25 microL human, rat or dog plasma. The analytes and their internal standards were extracted from plasma into methyl tert-butyl ether - dichloromethane (3:2, v/v). After evaporation and reconstitution of the organic extract the analytes were separated on a reversed-phase LC column and measured by atmospheric-pressure positive ionisation MS. The linearity range was 20-20,000 nmol/L for esomeprazole and omeprazole sulphone, and 20-4000 nmol/L for 5-hydroxyesomeprazole. The extraction recoveries ranged between 80 and 105%. The intra- and inter-day imprecision were less than 9.5% with accuracy between 97.7% and 100.1% for all analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ia Hultman
- Development DMPK & Bioanalysis, AstraZeneca R&D Mölndal, SE-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
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Cheng FC, Ho YF, Hung LC, Chen CF, Tsai TH. Determination and pharmacokinetic profile of omeprazole in rat blood, brain and bile by microdialysis and high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2002; 949:35-42. [PMID: 11999751 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)01225-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The disposition and biliary excretion of omeprazole was investigated following i.v. administration to rats at 10 mg/kg. We used a microdialysis technique coupled to a validated microbore HPLC system to monitor the levels of protein-unbound omeprazole in rat blood, brain and bile, constructing the relationship of the time course of the presence of omeprazole. Microdialysis probes were simultaneously inserted into the jugular vein toward right atrium, the brain striatum and the bile duct of the male Sprague-Dawley rats for biological fluid sampling after the administration of omeprazole (10 mg/kg) through the femoral vein. The concentration-response relationship from the present method indicated linearity (r2>0.995) over a concentration range of 0.01-50 microg/ml for omeprazole. Intra-assay and inter-assay precision and accuracy of omeprazole fell well within the predefined limits of acceptability. Following omeprazole administration, the blood-to-brain coefficient of distribution was 0.15, which was calculated as the area under the concentration versus time curve (AUC) in the brain divided by the AUC in blood (k=AUCbrain/AUCblood). The blood-to-bile coefficient of distribution (k=AUCbile/AUCblood) was 0.58. The decline of unbound omeprazole in the brain striatum, blood and bile fluid suggests that there was rapid exchange and equilibration between the compartments of the peripheral and central nervous systems. In addition, the results indicated that omeprazole was able to penetrate the blood-brain barrier and undergo hepatobiliary excretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- F C Cheng
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
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22
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Sluggett GW, Stong JD, Adams JH, Zhao Z. Omeprazole determination using HPLC with coulometric detection. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2001; 25:357-61. [PMID: 11377014 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(00)00519-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the determination of omeprazole and three related benzimidazoles is reported. Coulometric detection was carried out at +800 mV using a porous carbon electrode. The linear range is 0.01-10 microg/ml. The method has a high degree of precision; the relative standard deviation of omeprazole at a concentration of 1.06 microg/ml was 0.7% (n=4). The cyclic voltammogram of omeprazole is consistent with the hydrodynamic voltammogram exhibiting a single major irreversible oxidative wave with a peak potential at +1105 mV. The response factors for the four compounds are similar indicating that the oxidative process does not involve the sulfur moiety exclusively. The data are most consistent with oxidation primarily of the benzimidazole groups. The method was applied successfully to the determination of omeprazole in a paste formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G W Sluggett
- Analytical Research and Development, Merial Ltd., North Brunswick, NJ 08902, USA.
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23
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García-Encina G, Farrán R, Puig S, Martínez L. Validation of an automated liquid chromatographic method for omeprazole in human plasma using on-line solid-phase extraction. J Pharm Biomed Anal 1999; 21:371-82. [PMID: 10703993 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(99)00178-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An automated system using on-line solid-phase extraction and HPLC with UV detection has been validated in order to determine omeprazole in human plasma. The extraction was carried out using C18 cartridges. After washing, omeprazole was eluted from the cartridge with mobile phase onto an Inertsil ODS-2 column. The developed method was selective and linear for drug concentrations ranging between 5 and 500 ng ml(-1). The recovery of omeprazole ranged from 88.1 to 101.5%, and the limit of quantitation (LOQ) was 5 ng ml(-1). The intraday accuracy ranged from 93.1 to 106.2% and the interday accuracy varied from 95.4 to 105.1%. For the LOQ, good values of precision (8.7 and 17.5% for intraday and interday, respectively) were also obtained. This automated system has been applied to determine omeprazole in human plasma samples from bioequivalence studies.
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24
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Tata PNV, Bramer SL. High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method for the Analysis of Omeprazole and 5-Hydroxyomeprazole in Human Plasma. ANAL LETT 1999. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719908542970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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