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Almehizia A, Naglah AM, Alanazi MG, Amr AEGE, Kamel AH. Paper-Based Analytical Device Based on Potentiometric Transduction for Sensitive Determination of Phenobarbital. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:43538-43545. [PMID: 38027332 PMCID: PMC10666222 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
In medicine, barbiturates are a class of depressive medications used as hypnotics, anticonvulsants, and anxiolytics. For the treatment of specific forms of epilepsy and seizures in young children in underdeveloped countries, the World Health Organization recommends phenobarbital (PBAR), a barbiturate drug. This review describes the fabrication and characterization of a paper-based analytical apparatus for phenobarbital detection that is straightforward, affordable, portable, and disposable. All of the solid-state ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) for PBAR as well as a Ag/AgCl reference electrode were constructed and optimized on a nonconductive paper substrate. Using carbon nanotube ink, the sensors were made to function as an ion-to-electron transducer and to make the paper conductive. A suitable polymeric membrane is drop-cast onto the surface of the carbon ink orifice. The pyrido-tetrapeptide and pyrido-hexapeptide derivatives, which were recently synthesized, functioned as distinct ionophores in the PBAR-membrane sensor, enabling its detection. With a detection limit of 5.0 × 10-7 M, the manufactured analytical device demonstrated a Nernstian response to PBAR anions in 50 mM phosphate buffer, pH 8.5, over a linear range of 1.0 × 10-6 to 1.0 × 10-3 M. The PBAR-based sensors showed quick (less than 5 s) response times for PBAR ion detection. The modified separate solution method was utilized to evaluate the selectivity pattern of these novel ionophores with respect to PBAR ions in comparison to other common anions. The analytical instrument that was exhibited on paper had good precision both within and between days. The suggested technology assisted in the detection of trace amounts of PBAR in real pharmaceutical samples. A comparison was made between the data acquired using the HPLC reference method and the information obtained by the recommended potentiometric approach. The described paper-based analytical device may be a good choice for point-of-care PBAR determination because it is cheap and easy to find and can self-pump (especially when combined with potentiometric detection).
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman
A. Almehizia
- Drug
Exploration and Development Chair (DEDC), Department of Pharmaceutical
Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud
University, P. O. Box 2457,Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M. Naglah
- Drug
Exploration and Development Chair (DEDC), Department of Pharmaceutical
Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud
University, P. O. Box 2457,Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mashael G. Alanazi
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2457,Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abd El-Galil E. Amr
- Applied
Organic Chemistry Department, National Research
Center, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Ayman H. Kamel
- Department,
College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sokheer 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams
University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
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2
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Boltia SA, Algmaal SE, Mostafa NM, El Saharty YS. Validated Smart Different Chromatographic Methods for Selective Quantification of Acefylline Piperazine, Phenobarbital Sodium and Methylparaben Additive in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form. J Chromatogr Sci 2022; 61:56-65. [PMID: 35091738 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmac003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Two chromatographic methods have been proposed for the simultaneous determination of acefylline piperazine (ACEF) and phenobarbital (PHENO) in presence of methylparaben as additive in pharmaceutical dosage form. The first method was thin-layer chromatography. The separation was achieved using silica gel as stationary phase and chloroform: methanol: glacial acetic acid (2.0, 8.0 and 0.1, by volume) as a developing system at 254 nm. Accurate determination of both drugs was attained over the concentration range of 0.5-25 μg/band. The second method was based on the use of reversed phase liquid chromatography with diode array detection, by which the proposed components were separated on a reversed phase C18 analytical column using methanol: water (60: 40, by volume) as a mobile phase with flow rate of 0.8 mL/min at 214 nm in a concentration range of 0.5-100 μg/mL. The proposed chromatographic methods were practiced successfully for the determination of ACEF and PHENO in pharmaceutical dosage form. Both methods were validated according to the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines and statistically compared with a reported high-performance liquid chromatograph method. Planar chromatography has never been proposed in the literature for ACEF and PHENO determination besides the proposed columnar chromatographic method using an isocratic eco-friendly mobile phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shereen A Boltia
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Ainy St., ET-11562 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shrouk E Algmaal
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Ainy St., ET-11562 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nadia M Mostafa
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Ainy St., ET-11562 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasser S El Saharty
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Ainy St., ET-11562 Cairo, Egypt
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3
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Fabrication and evaluation of a molecularly imprinted polymer electrochemical nanosensor for the sensitive monitoring of phenobarbital in biological samples. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.107063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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4
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Eltanany BM, Mouhamed AA, Lamie NT, Mostafa NM. Smart Multivariate Spectrophotometric Assisted Techniques for Simultaneous Determination of Ephedrine Hydrochloride and Naphazoline Nitrate in the Presence of Interfering Parabens. CURR PHARM ANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1573412916999200525011749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
PARTIAL Least Squares (PLS) and Principal Component Regression (PCR)
are two well-known chemometric methods based on dimension reduction techniques. They can be very
practical analyzing a large data set of multiple correlated predictor variables.
Objective:
In the presented work, the resolving power of spectrophotometric assisted mathematical techniques
was implemented for the simultaneous determination of two active ingredients; ephedrine hydrochloride (EPH)
and naphazoline nitrate (NAPH), in a matrix of excipients.
Methods:
To build the PLS and PCR models, a calibration set was prepared where the two drugs, in
combination with the interfering parabens, were modeled by multilevel multifactor design. The proposed
models successfully predicted the concentrations of both drugs in validation samples with low
Root Mean Squared Error of Prediction (RMSEP).
Results:
The results revealed the ability of the mentioned multivariate calibration models to analyze
EPH and NAPH in the presence of the interfering parabens with high selectivity in the concentration
ranges of 4.00-20.00 μg mL-1 and 1.00-9.00 μg mL-1, respectively.
Conclusion:
A commercially available nasal spray was successfully analyzed using the developed
methods without interfering with other dosage form additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basma M. Eltanany
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St. 11562 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aya A. Mouhamed
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St. 11562 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nesrine T. Lamie
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St. 11562 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nadia M. Mostafa
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St. 11562 Cairo, Egypt
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5
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Hassanpour S, Behnam B, Baradaran B, Hashemzaei M, Oroojalian F, Mokhtarzadeh A, de la Guardia M. Carbon based nanomaterials for the detection of narrow therapeutic index pharmaceuticals. Talanta 2020; 221:121610. [PMID: 33076140 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Precise detection of important pharmaceuticals with narrow therapeutic index (NTI) is very critical as there is a small window between their effective dose and the doses at which the adverse reactions are very likely to appear. Regarding the fact that various pharmacokinetics will be plausible while considering pharmacogenetic factors and also differences between generic and brand name drugs, accurate detection of NTI will be more important. Current routine analytical techniques suffer from many drawbacks while using novel biosensors can bring up many advantages including fast detection, accuracy, low cost with simple and repeatable measurements. Recently the well-known carbon Nano-allotropes including carbon nanotubes and graphenes have been widely used for development of different Nano-biosensors for a diverse list of analytes because of their great physiochemical features such as high tensile strength, ultra-light weight, unique electronic construction, high thermo-chemical stability, and an appropriate capacity for electron transfer. Because of these exceptional properties, scientists have developed an immense interest in these nanomaterials. In this case, there are important reports to show the effective Nano-carbon based biosensors in the detection of NTI drugs and the present review will critically summarize the available data in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soodabeh Hassanpour
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, 17. Listopadu 12, 77146, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Behzad Behnam
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Hashemzaei
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Oroojalian
- Department of Advanced Sciences and Technologies, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Miguel de la Guardia
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
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Zhou M, Chen Q, Wang A, Li J, Ma Y. Flow‐injection chemiluminescence of the luminol–potassium periodate system enhanced by TGA–capped CdTe quantum dots for the determination of theophylline. LUMINESCENCE 2019; 34:673-679. [DOI: 10.1002/bio.3652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Eco‐Environment‐Related Polymer Materials Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwest Normal University Lanzhou China
| | - Qiqi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Eco‐Environment‐Related Polymer Materials Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwest Normal University Lanzhou China
| | - Ailian Wang
- Jiuquan Environmental Protection Bureau Jiuquan China
| | - Juanhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Eco‐Environment‐Related Polymer Materials Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwest Normal University Lanzhou China
| | - Yongjun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Eco‐Environment‐Related Polymer Materials Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwest Normal University Lanzhou China
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7
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Salajegheh M, Ansari M, Foroghi MM, Kazemipour M. Computational design as a green approach for facile preparation of molecularly imprinted polyarginine-sodium alginate-multiwalled carbon nanotubes composite film on glassy carbon electrode for theophylline sensing. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 162:215-224. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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8
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Shariati R, Rezaei B, Jamei HR, Ensafi AA. Application of coated green source carbon dots with silica molecularly imprinted polymers as a fluorescence probe for selective and sensitive determination of phenobarbital. Talanta 2018; 194:143-149. [PMID: 30609514 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.09.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a selective and sensitive fluorescence sensor was developed for the detection of phenobarbital, an epilepsy drug, using molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) coated on the surface of green source carbon dots (GSCDs). First, GSCDs were synthesized through a hydrothermal method using Cedrus as a carbon source. Then, a MIPs-GSCDs as a fluorescence probe was obtained by coating a thin film of silica on the surface of the GSCDs using a reverse micro emulsion method. In this step, phenobarbital, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) were applied as a template, a functional monomer, and cross linker, respectively. The fluorescence signal of MIPs-GSCDs was selectively quenched by phenobarbital rebinding with MIP cavities. The fluorescence quenching signal was applied for phenobarbital sensing at the pH = 8 without the interference of other materials. After optimizing the factors affecting the sensor's response, a linear range between 0.4 and 34.5 nmol L-1 with a detection limit of 0.1 nmol L-1 was obtained. The sensor's capability in the real sample analysis was investigated by phenobarbital determination in a human blood plasma samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Shariati
- Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Behzad Rezaei
- Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran.
| | - Hamid Reza Jamei
- Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Ensafi
- Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
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9
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Aswini KK, Vinu Mohan AM, Biju VM. Molecularly imprinted poly(4-amino-5-hydroxy-2,7-naphthalenedisulfonic acid) modified glassy carbon electrode as an electrochemical theophylline sensor. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 65:116-25. [PMID: 27157734 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.03.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Theophylline is an inexpensive drug employed in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder medications and is toxic at higher concentration. The development of a molecularly imprinted polymer based theophylline electrochemical sensor on glassy carbon electrode by the electropolymerization of 4-amino-5-hydroxy-2,7-naphthalenedisulfonic acid is being discussed in this work. The MIP modification enhances the theophylline recognition ability and the electron transfer kinetics of the bare electrode. The parameters, controlling the performance of the imprinted polymer based sensor, like number of electropolymerization cycles, composition of the pre-polymerization mixture, pH and immersion time were investigated and optimized. The interaction energy and the most stable conformation of the template-monomer complex in the pre-polymerization mixture were determined computationally using ab initio calculations based on density functional theory. The amperometric measurements showed that the developed sensor has a method detection limit of 0.32μM for the dynamic range of 0.4 to 17μM, at optimized conditions. The transducer possesses appreciable selectivity in the presence of structurally similar interferents such as theobromine, caffeine and doxofylline. The developed sensor showed remarkable stability and reproducibility and was also successfully employed in theophylline detection from commercially available tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Aswini
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, TamilNadu 620 015, India.
| | - A M Vinu Mohan
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, TamilNadu 620 015, India
| | - V M Biju
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, TamilNadu 620 015, India.
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10
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Pebdani AA, Dadfarnia S, Haji Shabani AM, Khodadoust S. Application of Ni:ZnS nanoparticles loaded on magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes as a sorbent for dispersive micro-solid phase extraction of phenobarbital and phenytoin prior to HPLC analysis: experimental design. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra15981h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ni:ZnSNPs loaded on magnetic MWCNTs are introduced for dispersive micro-solid phase extraction for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Saeid Khodadoust
- Department of Chemistry
- Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology
- Behbahan
- Iran
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11
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Asadi M, Dadfarnia S, Haji Shabani AM, abbasi B. Simultaneous extraction and quantification of lamotrigine, phenobarbital, and phenytoin in human plasma and urine samples using solidified floating organic drop microextraction and high-performance liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:2510-6. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2015] [Revised: 04/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Asadi
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science, Yazd University; Yazd Iran
- Khorassan Research Institute for Food Science and Technology; Mashhad Iran
| | | | | | - Bijan abbasi
- Khorassan Research Institute for Food Science and Technology; Mashhad Iran
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12
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Yu HC, Huang XY, Lei FH, Tan XC, Wei YC, Li H. Molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor based on nickel nanoparticle-modified electrodes for phenobarbital determination. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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13
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Peris-Vicente J, Rambla-Alegre M, Durgavanshi A, Bose D, Esteve-Romero J, Marco-Peiro S. Xanthine Derivatives Quantification in Serum by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis. J Chromatogr Sci 2013; 52:1121-6. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmt164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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14
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Hashem H, Gouda AA, Saleh H. DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF RAPID STABILITY INDICATING HPLC-DETERMINATIONS OF ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS PHENOBARBITAL IN SUPPOSITORIES AND PHENYTOIN IN CAPSULES AS WELL AS IN URINE SAMPLE. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2012.720329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hisham Hashem
- a Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department , Zagazig University , Egypt
- b Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department , Jazan University , Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman A. Gouda
- c Department of Medical Science , Umm Al-Qura University , Makkah , Saudi Arabia
- d Chemistry Department , Zagazig University , Zagazig , Egypt
| | - Hanaa Saleh
- a Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department , Zagazig University , Egypt
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15
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Abdel Salam RA, Hadad GM, Abdel Hameed EA. SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF TWO MULTICOMPONENT MIXTURES CONTAINING PHENOBARBITONE AND EPHEDRINE HYDROCHLORIDE USING HPLC AND CHEMOMETRIC ASSISTED SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHODS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2012.657735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Randa A. Abdel Salam
- a Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy , Suez Canal University , Ismailia , Egypt
| | - Ghada M. Hadad
- a Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy , Suez Canal University , Ismailia , Egypt
| | - Eman A. Abdel Hameed
- a Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy , Suez Canal University , Ismailia , Egypt
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Raoof JB, Baghayeri M, Ojani R. A high sensitive voltammetric sensor for qualitative and quantitative determination of phenobarbital as an antiepileptic drug in presence of acetaminophen. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2012; 95:121-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2011] [Revised: 02/18/2012] [Accepted: 02/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Li X, Niu LC, He XL, Song ZH. [Determination of phenobarbital in human urine and serum using flow injection chemiluminescence]. BIOMEDITSINSKAIA KHIMIIA 2012; 58:88-94. [PMID: 22642155 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20125801088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A sensitive chemiluminescence method, based on the enhancive effect of phenobarbital on the chemiluminescence reaction between luminol and dissolved oxygen in a flow injection system, was proposed for the determination of phenobarbital. The chemiluminescence intensity responded to the concentration of phenobarbital linearly ranging from 0.05 to 10 ng x ml(-1) with the detection limit of 0.02 ng x ml(-1) (3 sigma). At a flow rate of 2.0 ml x min(-1), a complete determination of phenobarbital, including sampling and washing, could be accomplished in 0.5 min, offering the sampling efficiency of 120 h(-1) accordingly. The method was applied successfully in an assay of PB for pharmaceutical preparations, human urine and serum without any pretreatment with recovery from 95.7 to 106.7% and RSDs of less than 3.0%.
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18
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Li X, Niu LC, He XL, Song ZH. Determination of phenobarbital in human urine and serum using flow injection chemiluminescence. BIOCHEMISTRY MOSCOW-SUPPLEMENT SERIES B-BIOMEDICAL CHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990750811020077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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19
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Jankovics P, Németh T, Németh-palotás J, Kőszegi-szalai H. Simultaneous RP-IP-HPLC assay of theophylline, phenobarbital, codeine, and ephedrine in a suppository. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2010. [DOI: 10.1556/achrom.22.2010.4.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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20
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Zhu ZF, Yan N, Zhou X, Zhou L, Chen X. Simultaneous enrichment and separation of neutral and anionic analytes through combining large volume sample stacking with sweeping in CE. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:3481-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200900294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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21
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Wei F, Zhang M, Feng YQ. Combining poly (methacrylic acid-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) monolith microextraction and on-line pre-concentration-capillary electrophoresis for analysis of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine in human plasma and urine. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2007; 850:38-44. [PMID: 17113366 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2006] [Revised: 09/20/2006] [Accepted: 10/31/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A method based on poly (methacrylic acid-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) (MAA-EGDMA) monolith microextraction (PMME) and field-enhanced sample injection (FESI) pre-concentration technique was proposed for sensitive capillary electrophoresis-ultraviolet (CE-UV) analysis of ephedrine (E) and pseudoephedrine (PE) in human plasma and urine. The PMME device consisted of a regular plastic syringe (1 mL), a poly (MAA-EGDMA) monolithic capillary (2 cm x 530 microm I.D.) and a plastic pinhead connecting the former two components seamlessly. The extraction was achieved by driving the sample solution through the monolithic capillary tube using a syringe pump, for the desorption step, an aliquot of organic solvent, which normally provided an excellent medium to ensure direct compatibility for FESI in CE, was injected via the monolithic capillary and collected into a vial for subsequent analysis by CZE. The best separation was achieved using a buffer composed of 0.1M phosphate electrolyte (pH 2.5) and 10% acetonitrile (v/v). The combination of both pre-concentration procedures allowed the detection limits of the analytes down to 5.3 ng/mL and 8.0 ng/mL in human plasma and urine, respectively. Excellent method of reproducibility was found over a linear range 50-5000 ng/mL in plasma and urine sample. Plasma and urine samples from volunteers receiving pseudoephedrine have also been successfully analysed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
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22
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Cholbi‐Cholbi MF, Martínez‐Pla JJ, Sagrado S, Villanueva‐Camañas RM, Medina‐Hernández MJ. Determination of Anticonvulsant Drugs in Pharmaceutical Preparations by Micellar Liquid Chromatography. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-120027092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. F. Cholbi‐Cholbi
- a Departamento de Química Analítica , Universitat de València , c/Vicent Andrés Estelles s/n, E‐46100 , Burjassot , València , Spain
| | - J. J. Martínez‐Pla
- a Departamento de Química Analítica , Universitat de València , c/Vicent Andrés Estelles s/n, E‐46100 , Burjassot , València , Spain
| | - S. Sagrado
- a Departamento de Química Analítica , Universitat de València , c/Vicent Andrés Estelles s/n, E‐46100 , Burjassot , València , Spain
| | - R. M. Villanueva‐Camañas
- a Departamento de Química Analítica , Universitat de València , c/Vicent Andrés Estelles s/n, E‐46100 , Burjassot , València , Spain
| | - M. J. Medina‐Hernández
- a Departamento de Química Analítica , Universitat de València , c/Vicent Andrés Estelles s/n, E‐46100 , Burjassot , València , Spain
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23
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El-Gindy A. HPLC and chemometric assisted spectrophotometric methods for simultaneous determination of diprophylline, phenobarbitone and papaverine hydrochloride. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 60:745-53. [PMID: 16023119 DOI: 10.1016/j.farmac.2005.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2004] [Revised: 06/01/2005] [Accepted: 06/01/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Three methods are developed for the simultaneous determination of diprophylline (DP), phenobarbitone (PH) and papaverine hydrochloride (PP). The chromatographic method depends on a high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) separation on a reversed-phase C18 column with a mobile phase consisting of 0.02 M potassium dihydrogen phosphate, pH 3.5--acetonitrile (55:45 v/v). Quantitation was achieved with UV detection at 210 nm based on peak area. The other two chemometric methods applied were principal component regression (PCR) and partial least squares (PLS-1). These approaches were successfully applied to quantify the three drugs in the mixture using the information included in the UV absorption spectra of appropriate solutions in the range 215-245 nm with the intervals Delta lambda = 0.2 nm. The calibration PCR and PLS-1 models were evaluated by internal validation (prediction of compounds in its own designed training set of calibration), by cross-validation (obtaining statistical parameters that show the efficiency for a calibration fit model) and by external validation over laboratory-prepared mixtures and pharmaceutical preparations. The PCR and PLS-1 methods require neither any separation step, nor any priori graphical treatment of the overlapping spectra of the three drugs in a mixture. The results of PCR and PLS-1 methods were compared with HPLC method obtained in pharmaceutical formulation and a good agreement was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa El-Gindy
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
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24
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Peri-Okonny UL, Wang SX, Stubbs RJ, Guzman NA. Determination of caffeine and its metabolites in urine by capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry. Electrophoresis 2005; 26:2652-63. [PMID: 15948212 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200500231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The caffeine content of foods and beverages varies considerably, interfering with our ability to obtain valid interpretations in many human studies with regard to the mechanism of action(s) of caffeine and/or its metabolites. The rate of metabolism of caffeine and other xanthine drugs also varies greatly from one individual to another. Therefore, it is extremely important to develop accurate, reliable analytical methods to quantify caffeine and its metabolites in simple and complex matrixes. A simple method is described for the separation and characterization of caffeine and its major metabolites employing capillary electrophoresis (CE) coupled to ultraviolet-absorption and mass spectrometry (MS) detection. After optimization of the electrophoresis separation conditions, a reliable separation of caffeine and 11 of its major metabolites was achieved in 50 mM ammonium carbonate buffer, pH 11.0. The volatile aqueous electrolyte system used with a normal electroosmotic flow polarity also provided an optimal separation condition for the characterization of the analytes by MS. The CE method achieved baseline resolution for all 12 compounds in less than 30 min. The CE-MS method is suitable for use as a routine procedure for the rapid separation and characterization of caffeine and its metabolites. The usefulness of this method was demonstrated by the extraction, separation, and identification of caffeine and its 11 metabolites from normal urine samples. The urine specimens were first acidified to obtain optimum binding efficiency to the sorbents of the off-line, solid-phase extraction procedure employed here, and an acidified eluent solvent was employed for the desorption step to maximize the recovery of the bound analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Unita L Peri-Okonny
- Bioanalytical Drug Metabolism, Johnson and Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Raritan, NJ 08869, USA
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25
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Regan F, Shakalisava Y. Rapid simultaneous determination of alkylxanthines by CZE and its application in analysis of pharmaceuticals and food samples. Anal Chim Acta 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2004.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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26
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Ni Y, Wang Y, Kokot S. Differential Pulse Stripping Voltammetric Determination of Paracetamol and Phenobarbital in Pharmaceuticals Assisted by Chemometrics. ANAL LETT 2004. [DOI: 10.1081/al-200040332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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27
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Huang WS, Lin SJ, Wu HL, Chen SH. Simultaneous determination of theophylline and dyphylline by micellar electrokinetic chromatography and application in drug formulations. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2003; 795:329-35. [PMID: 14522037 DOI: 10.1016/s1570-0232(03)00601-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A simple micellar electrokinetic chromatography is described for well resolution of theophylline, dyphylline and caffeine. The separation was performed at 25 degrees C using a background electrolyte consisting of 10mM borate buffer at pH 9 and 40 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as running buffer. Under this condition, good separation with high efficiency and short analyses time required is achieved. Several parameters affecting the separation of the drugs were studied, including the pH and concentrations of the borate buffer and sodium dodecyl sulfate. Using caffeine as an internal standard (I.S.), the linear range of the method for the determination of theophylline and dyphylline was over 0.03-1 micromol ml(-1); the detection limit (signal-to-noise ratio 3; injection 0.3 psi, 3s) was 0.01 and 0.02 micromol ml(-1), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Shan Huang
- Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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28
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Mateus-Avois L, Mangin P, Saugy M. Development and validation of a capillary zone electrophoresis method for the determination of ephedrine and related compounds in urine without extraction. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2003; 791:203-16. [PMID: 12798180 DOI: 10.1016/s1570-0232(03)00222-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) method, with UV detection and in the presence of dimethyl-beta-CD, was optimized by means of an experimental design for the separation and the simultaneous quantitation of ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, norephedrine (phenylpropanolamine) and norpseudoephedrine (cathine) in urine without any extraction. In this application, the optimization of the analytical conditions with an experimental design was preferred to a univariate study. Therefore, a central composite design was used and the following factors were investigated and varied simultaneously: buffer concentration, buffer pH and dimethyl-beta-CD concentration. In order to evaluate the influence of each experimental parameter on the analytical separation, the resolutions between the four compounds, as well as the separation time and generated current were observed and established as responses of the experimental design. A model was obtained for each response by linear multiple regression of a second-degree mathematical expression. After acceptance of the mathematical models, the most favorable conditions were determined by maximizing the resolutions between the four compounds and by setting the other responses at threshold values. Successful results were obtained with a 260 mM Tris-phosphate buffer at pH 3.5 in the presence of 13.3 mM dimethyl-beta-CD at 25 degrees C and with an applied voltage of 30 kV. Under these optimized conditions, a baseline separation of the four compounds was achieved in less than 6 min. The method was validated in terms of precision, linearity, accuracy and successfully applied for the determination of these compounds in urine samples without any extraction as well as in nutritional supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Mateus-Avois
- Laboratoire Suisse d'Analyse du Dopage, Institut Universitaire de Médecine Légale, Rue du Bugnon 21, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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29
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Jaworska M, Szulińska Z, Wilk M. Development of a capillary electrophoretic method for the analysis of amino acids containing tablets. J Chromatogr A 2003; 993:165-72. [PMID: 12735449 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(03)00394-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Ketosteril is an enteral medicinal product indicated for prevention and therapy in chronic renal insufficiency in connection with a low protein diet. Tablets of Ketosteril contain five essential amino acids like: Lys, His, Thr, Trp, Tyr and another five amino acids in the form of their hydroxy and keto analogues as calcium salts, that are: alpha-ketoleucine, alpha-ketoisoleucine, alpha-ketovaline, alpha-ketophenylalanine and alpha-hydroxymethionine. The composition of Ketosteril tablets is routinely tested with three LC methods. Capillary electrophoretic method seems to be a good alternative for amino acids and their analogues determination in multicomponent pharmaceuticals because of short analysis time and the possibility to assay all components during a single run without any pretreatment. Electrophoresis was performed in 50 microm I.D. fused-silica capillaries with 65 cm distance to the detector. Capillaries were installed in Waters Quanta 4000 electrophoretic equipment with a positive power supply and on-line UV detection at 214 nm. Separations were done in a buffer containing 40 mM Tris and 160 mM boric acid titrated with NaOH to pH 10. The method developed allows the separation of all investigated analytes with an efficiency of n = 230,000 and 20 min analysis time. The method was applied for determination of all components of Ketosteril in commercial tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Jaworska
- Department of Biological Preparations, Drug Institute, Chelmska 30134 Str., 00-725 Warsaw, Poland.
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30
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Abdel Razak O, Belal SF, Bedair MM, Barakat NS, Haggag RS. Spectrophotometric and polarographic determination of enalapril and lisinopril using 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2003; 31:701-11. [PMID: 12644197 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(02)00654-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of enalapril maleate and lisinopril with 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene has been used to form colored products and polarographically active derivatives. The different experimental conditions have been optimized. The proposed methods have been validated and applied to the determination of both drugs in their commercial tablets. The results have been statistically compared with those obtained using the official HPLC methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Abdel Razak
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, University of Alexandria, P.O. Box El Mesallah, 21521, Alexandria, Egypt.
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31
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Sentürk Z, Erk N, Ozkan SA, Akay C, Cevheroğlu S. Determination of theophylline and ephedrine HCL in tablets by ratio-spectra derivative spectrophotometry and LC. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2002; 29:291-8. [PMID: 12062689 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(02)00065-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Two methods are described for the determination of theophylline (THP) and ephedrine hydrochloride (EPH) in combined pharmaceutical tablet forms. The first method depends on the use of the first derivative of the ratio-spectra obtained by dividing the absorption spectrum of binary mixtures by a standard spectrum of one of the compounds. The first derivative amplitudes at 231.8 and 250.3 nm were selected for the assay of THP and EPH, respectively. Calibration graphs were established for 20-180 microg ml(-1) for THP and 10-50 microg ml(-1) for EPH. The second method is based on high-performance liquid chromatography on a reversed-phase column using a mobile phase of methanol-water (40+60,v/v) (pH 3) with detection at 217 nm. Linearity was obtained in the concentration range of 5-150 microg ml(-1) for THP and 15-75 microg ml(-1) for EPH. The detection limits for THP and EPH were 0.73 and 0.92 microg ml(-1) by ratio-spectra derivative spectrophotometry and 0.59 and 0.86 microg ml(-1) by HPLC, respectively. The proposed methods were successfully applied to the determination of these drugs in laboratory-prepared mixtures and in tablets. The relative standard deviations were found to be less than 1.5%, indicating reasonable repeatibility of both methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zühre Sentürk
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Etiler, Ankara, Turkey.
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32
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Blanco M, Valverde I. Application of micellar electrokinetic chromatography to the quality control of a pharmaceutical preparation containing three bronchodilators. Electrophoresis 2002; 23:578-83. [PMID: 11870768 DOI: 10.1002/1522-2683(200202)23:4<578::aid-elps578>3.0.co;2-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Theophylline(1,3-dimethylxanthine), dyphylline [7-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)theophylline] and proxyphylline [7-(beta-hydroxypropyl)theophylline] are three bronchodilators administered jointly in a single pharmaceutical preparation used against asthma. A micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) method for their resolution using a background electrolyte consisting of 20 mM tetraborate at pH 8.5 and 100 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate is proposed. The method was used to determine the three active principles in a pharmaceutical preparation. The small amount of sample required and the expeditiousness of the procedure allow content uniformity to be determined in individual tablets. The values of the validation parameters for the method (viz. selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection, limit of quantitation and robustness) are reported. A complete factor design (2(3)x2) including pH, the surfactant concentration and the ionic strength of the background electrolyte as factors was used to estimate robustness. Based on the results, the method is robust enough for quantitation purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Blanco
- Departamento de Química, Unidad de Química Analítica, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
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33
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Thormann W, Lurie IS, McCord B, Marti U, Cenni B, Malik N. Advances ofcapillary electrophoresis in clinical and forensic analysis (1999-2000). Electrophoresis 2001; 22:4216-43. [PMID: 11824639 DOI: 10.1002/1522-2683(200111)22:19<4216::aid-elps4216>3.0.co;2-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, capillary electrophoresis in clinical and forensic analysis is reviewed on the basis of the literature of 1999, 2000 and the first papers in 2001. An overview of progress relevant examples for each major field of application, namely (i) analysis of drug seizures, explosives residues, gunshot residues and inks, (ii) monitoring of drugs, endogenous small molecules and ions in biofluids and tissues, (iii) general screening for serum proteins and analysis of specific proteins (carbohydrate deficient transferrin, alpha1-antitrypsin, lipoproteins and hemoglobins) in biological fluids, and (iv) analysis of nucleic acids and oligonucleotides in biological samples, including oligonucleotide therapeutics, are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Thormann
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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34
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Gilpin
- College of Science and Mathematics, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio 45435, USA
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