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Markman TM, Marchlinski FE, Callans DJ, Frankel DS. Programmed Ventricular Stimulation: Risk Stratification and Guiding Antiarrhythmic Therapies. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2024; 10:1489-1507. [PMID: 38661601 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2024.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Electrophysiologic testing with programmed ventricular stimulation (PVS) has been utilized to induce ventricular tachycardia (VT), thereby improving risk stratification for patients with ischemic and nonischemic cardiomyopathies and determining the effectiveness of antiarrhythmic therapies, especially catheter ablation. A variety of procedural aspects can be modified during PVS in order to alter the sensitivity and specificity of the test including the addition of multiple baseline pacing cycle lengths, extrastimuli, and pacing locations. The definition of a positive result is also critically important, which has varied from exclusively sustained monomorphic VT (>30 seconds) to any ventricular arrhythmia regardless of morphology. In this review, we discuss the history of PVS and evaluate its role in sudden cardiac death risk stratification in a variety of patient populations. We propose an approach to future investigations that will capitalize on the unique ability to vary the sensitivity and specificity of this test. We then discuss the application of PVS during and following catheter ablation. The strategies that have been utilized to improve the efficacy of intraprocedural PVS are highlighted during a discussion of the limitations of this probabilistic strategy. The role of noninvasive programmed stimulation is also reviewed in predicting recurrent VT and informing management decisions including repeat ablations, modifications in antiarrhythmic drugs, and implantable cardioverter-defibrillator programming. Based on the available evidence and guidelines, we propose an approach to future investigations that will allow clinicians to optimize the use of PVS for risk stratification and assessment of therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy M Markman
- Cardiovascular Division, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Francis E Marchlinski
- Cardiovascular Division, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David J Callans
- Cardiovascular Division, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David S Frankel
- Cardiovascular Division, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Ciaccio EJ, Coromilas J, Wan EY, Yarmohammadi H, Saluja DS, Peters NS, Garan H, Biviano AB. Lateral Boundaries of the Ventricular Tachycardia Circuit Align With Sinus Rhythm Discontinuities. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2023; 9:851-861. [PMID: 37227361 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2022.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sinus rhythm electrical activation mapping can provide information regarding the ischemic re-entrant ventricular tachycardia (VT) circuit. The information gleaned may include the localization of sinus rhythm electrical discontinuities, which can be defined as arcs of disrupted electrical conduction with large activation time differences across the arc. OBJECTIVES This study sought to detect and localize sinus rhythm electrical discontinuities that might be present in activation maps constructed from infarct border zone electrograms. METHODS Monomorphic re-entrant VT with a double-loop circuit and central isthmus was repeatedly inducible by programmed electrical stimulation in the epicardial border zone of 23 postinfarction canine hearts. Sinus rhythm and VT activation maps were constructed from 196 to 312 bipolar electrograms acquired surgically at the epicardial surface and analyzed computationally. A complete re-entrant circuit was mappable from the epicardial electrograms of VT, and isthmus lateral boundary (ILB) locations were ascertained. The difference in sinus rhythm activation time across ILB locations, vs the central isthmus and vs the circuit periphery, was determined. RESULTS Sinus rhythm activation time differences averaged 14.4 milliseconds across the ILB vs 6.5 milliseconds at the central isthmus and 6.4 milliseconds at the periphery (ie, the outer circuit loop) (P ≤ 0.001). Locations with large sinus rhythm activation difference tended to overlap ILB (60.3% ± 23.2%) compared with their overlap with the entire grid (27.5% ± 18.5%) (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Disrupted electrical conduction is evident as discontinuity in sinus rhythm activation maps, particularly at ILB locations. These areas may represent permanent fixtures relating to spatial differences in border zone electrical properties, caused in part by alterations in underlying infarct depth. The tissue properties producing sinus rhythm discontinuity at ILB may contribute to functional conduction block formation at VT onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward J Ciaccio
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA; ElectroCardioMaths Programme, Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - James Coromilas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease and Hypertension, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Elaine Y Wan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Hirad Yarmohammadi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Deepak S Saluja
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nicholas S Peters
- ElectroCardioMaths Programme, Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hasan Garan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Angelo B Biviano
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
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Gilge JL, Joshi SA, Nair GV, Clark BA, Prystowsky EN, Patel PJ. Ripple mapping in ventricular tachycardia substrate mapping and ablation of nonischemic ventricular tachycardia. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2023; 34:652-661. [PMID: 36640431 DOI: 10.1111/jce.15814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Substrate-based ablation for ventricular tachycardia (VT) using Ripple map (RM) is an effective treatment strategy for patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy but has yet to be evaluated in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICMO). The aim of this study is to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of an RM-based ablation for NICMO patients. METHODS AND RESULTS This was a single-center, retrospective study including all NICMO patients undergoing VT ablation at St Vincent Hospital between January 1, 2018 and January 12, 2019. Retrospective RM analysis was performed on those that had a substrate-based ablation to identify the location and number of Ripple channels as well as their proximity to ablation lesions. Thirty-three patients met the inclusion criteria and had a median age of 65 (58, 73.5) with 15.2% of the population being female, and were followed for a median duration of 451 (217.5, 586.5) days. Of these patients, 23 (69.7%) had a substrate-based ablation with a median procedural duration of 196.4 (186.8, 339) min, 1946 (517, 2750) points collected per map, and 277 (141, 554) points were within the scar. Two (8.6%) procedural complications occurred, and 7 (30.4%) patients had VT recurrence during follow-up. RM analysis revealed an average of two Ripple channels and the patients without VT recurrence had ablation performed closer to the Ripple channels: 0 (0, 4.7) versus 14.3 (0, 23.5) cm; p = .02. CONCLUSION An RM-based substrate ablation can be performed in NICMO patients and ablation within Ripple channels is a predictor of VT freedom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasen L Gilge
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Ascension St Vincent Medical Group, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Sandeep A Joshi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Ascension St Vincent Medical Group, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Girish V Nair
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Ascension St Vincent Medical Group, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Bradley A Clark
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Ascension St Vincent Medical Group, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Eric N Prystowsky
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Ascension St Vincent Medical Group, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Parin J Patel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Ascension St Vincent Medical Group, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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Biophysical Tissue Characterization of Ventricular Tachycardia Substrate With Local Impedance Mapping to Predict Critical Sites. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2022:S2405-500X(22)01055-6. [PMID: 36752472 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2022.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND New tools are needed to improve ventricular tachycardia (VT) substrate characterization and optimize outcomes. LI provides biophysical tissue characterization. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to test local impedance (LI)-based mapping to predict critical ventricular tachycardia components after myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS One month after a nonreperfused anterior MI, endo-epicardial high-density electroanatomic mapping and endocardial LI mapping were performed in 23 Landrace Large X White pigs. LI thresholds were set using the blood pool value to define a 10 Ω range: low (<blood pool -1Ω), intermediate (≥blood pool -1Ω and ≤blood pool +9Ω), and high (normal) tissue resistance (>blood pool +9Ω). RESULTS Low LI was detected in low-voltage areas in 100% of cases, but intermediate LI was found in both core (87%) and border zone (12.5%) voltage areas. A total of 17 VTs were induced (VT isthmus identified in 9 animals). VT inducibility was associated with the size of intermediate LI area (OR: 1.19 [95% CI: 1.0-1.4]; P = 0.039) and the presence of specific LI patterns: LI corridor (OR: 15.0 [95% CI: 1.3-169.9]; P = 0.029); LI gradient (OR: 30.0 [95% CI: 2.1-421.1]; P = 0.012), high LI heterogeneity (OR: 21.7 [95% CI: 1.8-260.6]; P = 0.015), and presence of ≥2 low LI regions (OR: 11.3 [95% CI: 1.0-130.2]; P = 0.053). Potential VT isthmuses were in areas of intermediate LI and colocalized to LI patterns associated with VT inducibility in all cases (LI corridors or LI gradient). Low LI regions did not actively participate in the VT circuit (0%). CONCLUSIONS LI mapping is feasible and may add useful characterization of the VT substrate. Specific LI patterns (ie, corridors, gradients) were associated with VT inducibility and colocalized with the VT isthmus, thus representing a potential new target for ablation in substrate-based procedures.
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Ciaccio EJ, Anter E, Coromilas J, Wan EY, Yarmohammadi H, Wit AL, Peters NS, Garan H. Structure and function of the ventricular tachycardia isthmus. Heart Rhythm 2022; 19:137-153. [PMID: 34371192 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Catheter ablation of postinfarction reentrant ventricular tachycardia (VT) has received renewed interest owing to the increased availability of high-resolution electroanatomic mapping systems that can describe the VT circuits in greater detail, and the emergence and need to target noninvasive external beam radioablation. These recent advancements provide optimism for improving the clinical outcome of VT ablation in patients with postinfarction and potentially other scar-related VTs. The combination of analyses gleaned from studies in swine and canine models of postinfarction reentrant VT, and in human studies, suggests the existence of common electroanatomic properties for reentrant VT circuits. Characterizing these properties may be useful for increasing the specificity of substrate mapping techniques and for noninvasive identification to guide ablation. Herein, we describe properties of reentrant VT circuits that may assist in elucidating the mechanisms of onset and maintenance, as well as a means to localize and delineate optimal catheter ablation targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward J Ciaccio
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York; ElectroCardioMaths Programme, Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Elad Anter
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiac Electrophysiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - James Coromilas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease and Hypertension, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Elaine Y Wan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
| | - Hirad Yarmohammadi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
| | - Andrew L Wit
- Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
| | - Nicholas S Peters
- ElectroCardioMaths Programme, Imperial Centre for Cardiac Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hasan Garan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
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Nogami A, Kurita T, Abe H, Ando K, Ishikawa T, Imai K, Usui A, Okishige K, Kusano K, Kumagai K, Goya M, Kobayashi Y, Shimizu A, Shimizu W, Shoda M, Sumitomo N, Seo Y, Takahashi A, Tada H, Naito S, Nakazato Y, Nishimura T, Nitta T, Niwano S, Hagiwara N, Murakawa Y, Yamane T, Aiba T, Inoue K, Iwasaki Y, Inden Y, Uno K, Ogano M, Kimura M, Sakamoto SI, Sasaki S, Satomi K, Shiga T, Suzuki T, Sekiguchi Y, Soejima K, Takagi M, Chinushi M, Nishi N, Noda T, Hachiya H, Mitsuno M, Mitsuhashi T, Miyauchi Y, Miyazaki A, Morimoto T, Yamasaki H, Aizawa Y, Ohe T, Kimura T, Tanemoto K, Tsutsui H, Mitamura H. JCS/JHRS 2019 Guideline on Non-Pharmacotherapy of Cardiac Arrhythmias. Circ J 2021; 85:1104-1244. [PMID: 34078838 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-20-0637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Nogami
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba
| | | | - Haruhiko Abe
- Department of Heart Rhythm Management, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
| | - Kenji Ando
- Department of Cardiology, Kokura Memorial Hospital
| | - Toshiyuki Ishikawa
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Yokohama City University
| | - Katsuhiko Imai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer Center
| | - Akihiko Usui
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kaoru Okishige
- Department of Cardiology, Yokohama City Minato Red Cross Hospital
| | - Kengo Kusano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | | | - Masahiko Goya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | | | | | - Wataru Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| | - Morio Shoda
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Women's Medical University
| | - Naokata Sumitomo
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center
| | - Yoshihiro Seo
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba
| | | | - Hiroshi Tada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui
| | | | - Yuji Nakazato
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital
| | - Takashi Nishimura
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital
| | - Takashi Nitta
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nippon Medical School
| | - Shinichi Niwano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine
| | | | - Yuji Murakawa
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University Hospital Mizonokuchi
| | - Teiichi Yamane
- Department of Cardiology, Jikei University School of Medicine
| | - Takeshi Aiba
- Division of Arrhythmia, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Koichi Inoue
- Division of Arrhythmia, Cardiovascular Center, Sakurabashi Watanabe Hospital
| | - Yuki Iwasaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| | - Yasuya Inden
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kikuya Uno
- Arrhythmia Center, Chiba Nishi General Hospital
| | - Michio Ogano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shizuoka Medical Center
| | - Masaomi Kimura
- Advanced Management of Cardiac Arrhythmias, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Shingo Sasaki
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Tsuyoshi Shiga
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Women's Medical University
| | - Tsugutoshi Suzuki
- Departments of Pediatric Electrophysiology, Osaka City General Hospital
| | - Yukio Sekiguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba
| | - Kyoko Soejima
- Arrhythmia Center, Second Department of Internal Medicine, Kyorin University Hospital
| | - Masahiko Takagi
- Division of Cardiac Arrhythmia, Department of Internal Medicine II, Kansai Medical University
| | - Masaomi Chinushi
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University
| | - Nobuhiro Nishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Therapeutics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Takashi Noda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Hitoshi Hachiya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital
| | | | | | - Yasushi Miyauchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School Chiba-Hokusoh Hospital
| | - Aya Miyazaki
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Congenital Heart Disease Center, Tenri Hospital
| | - Tomoshige Morimoto
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka Medical College
| | - Hiro Yamasaki
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba
| | | | | | - Takeshi Kimura
- Department of Cardiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University
| | - Kazuo Tanemoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School
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Di Biase L, Romero J, Du X, Mohanty S, Trivedi C, Della Rocca DG, Patel K, Sanchez J, Yang R, Alviz I, Mohanty P, Gianni C, Tarantino N, Zhang XD, Horton R, Al-Ahmad A, Lakkireddy D, Burkhardt DJ, Chen M, Natale A. Catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia in ischemic cardiomyopathy: Impact of concomitant amiodarone therapy on short- and long-term clinical outcomes. Heart Rhythm 2021; 18:885-893. [PMID: 33592323 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2021.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Substrate catheter ablation of scar-related ventricular tachycardia (VT) is a widely accepted therapeutic option for patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM). OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate whether concomitant amiodarone therapy affects procedural outcomes. METHODS A total of 134 consecutive patients (89% male; age 66 ± 10 years) with ICM undergoing catheter ablation of VT were included in the study. Patients were sorted by amiodarone therapy before ablation. In all patients, a substrate-based catheter ablation (endocardial ± epicardial) in sinus rhythm abolishing all "abnormal" electrograms within the scar was performed. The endpoint of the procedure was VT noninducibility. After the ablation procedure, all antiarrhythmic medications were discontinued. All patients had an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, and recurrences were analyzed through the device. RESULTS In 84 patients (63%), the ablation was performed on amiodarone; the remaining 50 patients (37%) were off amiodarone. Patients had comparable baseline characteristics. Mean scar size area was 143.6 ± 44.9 cm2 on amiodarone vs 139.2 ± 36.8 cm2 off amiodarone (P = .56). More radiofrequency time was necessary to achieve noninducibility in the off-amiodarone group compared to the on-amiodarone group (68.1 ± 20.1 minutes vs 51.5 ± 19.7 minutes; P <.001). In addition, due to persistent VT inducibility, more patients in the off-amiodarone group required epicardial ablation than in the on-amiodarone group (13/50 [26%] vs 5/84 [6%], respectively; P <.001). During mean follow-up of 23.9 ± 11.6 months, recurrence of any ventricular arrhythmias off antiarrhythmic drugs was 44% (37/84) in the on-amiodarone group vs 22% (11/50) in the off-amiodarone group (P = .013). CONCLUSION Albeit, VT noninducibility after substrate catheter ablation for scar related VT was achieved faster, with less radiofrequency time and less need for epicardial ablation in patients taking amiodarone, these patients had significantly higher VT recurrence at long-term follow-up when this medication was discontinued.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Di Biase
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Montefiore-Einstein Center for Heart and Vascular Care, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York; Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, Texas
| | - Jorge Romero
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Montefiore-Einstein Center for Heart and Vascular Care, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Xianfeng Du
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Montefiore-Einstein Center for Heart and Vascular Care, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York; Arrhythmia Center of Cardiology Division, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Sanghamitra Mohanty
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, Texas
| | - Chintan Trivedi
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, Texas
| | | | - Kavisha Patel
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Montefiore-Einstein Center for Heart and Vascular Care, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Javier Sanchez
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, Texas
| | - Ruike Yang
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Montefiore-Einstein Center for Heart and Vascular Care, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Cardiopulmonary Function, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Isabella Alviz
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Montefiore-Einstein Center for Heart and Vascular Care, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Prasant Mohanty
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, Texas
| | - Carola Gianni
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, Texas
| | - Nicola Tarantino
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Montefiore-Einstein Center for Heart and Vascular Care, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Montefiore-Einstein Center for Heart and Vascular Care, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Rodney Horton
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, Texas
| | - Amin Al-Ahmad
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, Texas
| | | | - David J Burkhardt
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, Texas
| | - Minglong Chen
- Cardiology Division, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Andrea Natale
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, Texas.
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Cronin EM, Bogun FM, Maury P, Peichl P, Chen M, Namboodiri N, Aguinaga L, Leite LR, Al-Khatib SM, Anter E, Berruezo A, Callans DJ, Chung MK, Cuculich P, d'Avila A, Deal BJ, Della Bella P, Deneke T, Dickfeld TM, Hadid C, Haqqani HM, Kay GN, Latchamsetty R, Marchlinski F, Miller JM, Nogami A, Patel AR, Pathak RK, Sáenz Morales LC, Santangeli P, Sapp JL, Sarkozy A, Soejima K, Stevenson WG, Tedrow UB, Tzou WS, Varma N, Zeppenfeld K. 2019 HRS/EHRA/APHRS/LAHRS expert consensus statement on catheter ablation of ventricular arrhythmias. Europace 2020; 21:1143-1144. [PMID: 31075787 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euz132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ventricular arrhythmias are an important cause of morbidity and mortality and come in a variety of forms, from single premature ventricular complexes to sustained ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation. Rapid developments have taken place over the past decade in our understanding of these arrhythmias and in our ability to diagnose and treat them. The field of catheter ablation has progressed with the development of new methods and tools, and with the publication of large clinical trials. Therefore, global cardiac electrophysiology professional societies undertook to outline recommendations and best practices for these procedures in a document that will update and replace the 2009 EHRA/HRS Expert Consensus on Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Arrhythmias. An expert writing group, after reviewing and discussing the literature, including a systematic review and meta-analysis published in conjunction with this document, and drawing on their own experience, drafted and voted on recommendations and summarized current knowledge and practice in the field. Each recommendation is presented in knowledge byte format and is accompanied by supportive text and references. Further sections provide a practical synopsis of the various techniques and of the specific ventricular arrhythmia sites and substrates encountered in the electrophysiology lab. The purpose of this document is to help electrophysiologists around the world to appropriately select patients for catheter ablation, to perform procedures in a safe and efficacious manner, and to provide follow-up and adjunctive care in order to obtain the best possible outcomes for patients with ventricular arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Petr Peichl
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Minglong Chen
- Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Narayanan Namboodiri
- Sree Chitra Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | | | | | | | - Elad Anter
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | | | - Andre d'Avila
- Hospital Cardiologico SOS Cardio, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - Barbara J Deal
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | | | | | - Claudio Hadid
- Hospital General de Agudos Cosme Argerich, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Haris M Haqqani
- University of Queensland, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Australia
| | - G Neal Kay
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | | | | | - John M Miller
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | | | - Akash R Patel
- University of California San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, California
| | | | | | | | - John L Sapp
- Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Canada
| | - Andrea Sarkozy
- University Hospital Antwerp, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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9
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Dickow J, Suzuki A, Henz BD, Madhavan M, Lehmann HI, Wang S, Parker KD, Monahan KH, Rettmann ME, Curley MG, Packer DL. Characterization of Lesions Created by a Heated, Saline Irrigated Needle-Tip Catheter in the Normal and Infarcted Canine Heart. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2020; 13:e009090. [PMID: 33198498 DOI: 10.1161/circep.120.009090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inability to eliminate intramural arrhythmogenic substrate may lead to recurrent ventricular tachycardia after catheter ablation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate intramural and full thickness lesion formation using a heated saline-enhanced radiofrequency (SERF) needle-tip catheter, compared with a conventional ablation catheter in normal and infarcted myocardium. METHODS Twenty-two adult mongrel dogs (30-40 kg, 15 normal and 7 myocardial infarct group) were studied. Lesions were created using the SERF catheter (40 W/50 °C) or a standard contact force (CF) catheter in both groups. RESULTS Comparing SERF to CF ablation, the SERF catheter produced larger lesion volumes than the standard CF catheter-even with >20 g of CF-in both normal (983.1±905.8 versus 461.9±178.3 mm3; P=0.023) and infarcted left ventricular myocardium (1052.3±543.0 versus 340.3±160.5 mm3; P=0.001). SERF catheter lesions were more often transmural than standard CF lesions with >20 g of CF in both groups (59.1% versus 7.7%; P<0.001 and 60.0% versus 12.5%; P=0.017, respectively). Using the SERF catheter, mean depth of ablated lesions reached 90% of the left ventricular wall in both normal and infarcted myocardium. CONCLUSIONS The SERF catheter created more transmural and larger ablative lesions in both normal and infarcted canine myocardium. SERF ablation is a promising new approach for endocardial intramural and full thickness ablation of ventricular tachycardia substrate that is not accessible with current techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannis Dickow
- Translational Interventional Electrophysiology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (J.D., A.S., B.D.H., M.M., H.I.L., S.W., K.D.P., K.H.M., M.E.R., D.L.P.)
| | - Atsushi Suzuki
- Translational Interventional Electrophysiology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (J.D., A.S., B.D.H., M.M., H.I.L., S.W., K.D.P., K.H.M., M.E.R., D.L.P.)
| | - Benhur D Henz
- Translational Interventional Electrophysiology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (J.D., A.S., B.D.H., M.M., H.I.L., S.W., K.D.P., K.H.M., M.E.R., D.L.P.)
| | - Malini Madhavan
- Translational Interventional Electrophysiology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (J.D., A.S., B.D.H., M.M., H.I.L., S.W., K.D.P., K.H.M., M.E.R., D.L.P.)
| | - H Immo Lehmann
- Translational Interventional Electrophysiology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (J.D., A.S., B.D.H., M.M., H.I.L., S.W., K.D.P., K.H.M., M.E.R., D.L.P.)
| | - Songyun Wang
- Translational Interventional Electrophysiology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (J.D., A.S., B.D.H., M.M., H.I.L., S.W., K.D.P., K.H.M., M.E.R., D.L.P.)
| | - Kay D Parker
- Translational Interventional Electrophysiology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (J.D., A.S., B.D.H., M.M., H.I.L., S.W., K.D.P., K.H.M., M.E.R., D.L.P.)
| | - Kristi H Monahan
- Translational Interventional Electrophysiology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (J.D., A.S., B.D.H., M.M., H.I.L., S.W., K.D.P., K.H.M., M.E.R., D.L.P.)
| | - Maryam E Rettmann
- Translational Interventional Electrophysiology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (J.D., A.S., B.D.H., M.M., H.I.L., S.W., K.D.P., K.H.M., M.E.R., D.L.P.)
| | | | - Douglas L Packer
- Translational Interventional Electrophysiology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (J.D., A.S., B.D.H., M.M., H.I.L., S.W., K.D.P., K.H.M., M.E.R., D.L.P.)
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10
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Srinivasan NT, Orini M, Providencia R, Dhinoja MB, Lowe MD, Ahsan SY, Chow AW, Hunter RJ, Schilling RJ, Taggart P, Lambiase PD. Prolonged action potential duration and dynamic transmural action potential duration heterogeneity underlie vulnerability to ventricular tachycardia in patients undergoing ventricular tachycardia ablation. Europace 2020; 21:616-625. [PMID: 30500897 PMCID: PMC6452309 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euy260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Differences of action potential duration (APD) in regions of myocardial scar and their borderzones are poorly defined in the intact human heart. Heterogeneities in APD may play an important role in the generation of ventricular tachycardia (VT) by creating regions of functional block. We aimed to investigate the transmural and planar differences of APD in patients admitted for VT ablation. Methods and results Six patients (median age 53 years, five male); (median ejection fraction 35%), were studied. Endocardial (Endo) and epicardial (Epi) 3D electroanatomic mapping was performed. A bipolar voltage of <0.5 mV was defined as dense scar, 0.5–1.5 mV as scar borderzone, and >1.5 mV as normal. Decapolar catheters were positioned transmurally across the scar borderzone to assess differences of APD and repolarization time (RT) during restitution pacing from Endo and Epi. Epi APD was 173 ms in normal tissue vs. 187 ms at scar borderzone and 210 ms in dense scar (P < 0.001). Endocardial APD was 210 ms in normal tissue vs. 222 ms in the scar borderzone and 238 ms in dense scar (P < 0.01). This resulted in significant transmural RT dispersion (ΔRT 22 ms across dense transmural scar vs. 5 ms in normal transmural tissue, P < 0.001), dependent on the scar characteristics in the Endo and Epi, and the pacing site. Conclusion Areas of myocardial scar have prolonged APD compared with normal tissue. Heterogeneity of regional transmural and planar APD result in localized dispersion of repolarization, which may play an important role in initiating VT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil T Srinivasan
- Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, The Barts Heart Center, St Bartholomew's Hospital, West Smithfield, London, UK.,Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Michele Orini
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Rui Providencia
- Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, The Barts Heart Center, St Bartholomew's Hospital, West Smithfield, London, UK
| | - Mehul B Dhinoja
- Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, The Barts Heart Center, St Bartholomew's Hospital, West Smithfield, London, UK
| | - Martin D Lowe
- Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, The Barts Heart Center, St Bartholomew's Hospital, West Smithfield, London, UK
| | - Syed Y Ahsan
- Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, The Barts Heart Center, St Bartholomew's Hospital, West Smithfield, London, UK
| | - Anthony W Chow
- Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, The Barts Heart Center, St Bartholomew's Hospital, West Smithfield, London, UK
| | - Ross J Hunter
- Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, The Barts Heart Center, St Bartholomew's Hospital, West Smithfield, London, UK
| | - Richard J Schilling
- Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, The Barts Heart Center, St Bartholomew's Hospital, West Smithfield, London, UK
| | - Peter Taggart
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Pier D Lambiase
- Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, The Barts Heart Center, St Bartholomew's Hospital, West Smithfield, London, UK.,Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
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11
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Cronin EM, Bogun FM, Maury P, Peichl P, Chen M, Namboodiri N, Aguinaga L, Leite LR, Al-Khatib SM, Anter E, Berruezo A, Callans DJ, Chung MK, Cuculich P, d'Avila A, Deal BJ, Bella PD, Deneke T, Dickfeld TM, Hadid C, Haqqani HM, Kay GN, Latchamsetty R, Marchlinski F, Miller JM, Nogami A, Patel AR, Pathak RK, Saenz Morales LC, Santangeli P, Sapp JL, Sarkozy A, Soejima K, Stevenson WG, Tedrow UB, Tzou WS, Varma N, Zeppenfeld K. 2019 HRS/EHRA/APHRS/LAHRS expert consensus statement on catheter ablation of ventricular arrhythmias. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2020; 59:145-298. [PMID: 31984466 PMCID: PMC7223859 DOI: 10.1007/s10840-019-00663-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ventricular arrhythmias are an important cause of morbidity and mortality and come in a variety of forms, from single premature ventricular complexes to sustained ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation. Rapid developments have taken place over the past decade in our understanding of these arrhythmias and in our ability to diagnose and treat them. The field of catheter ablation has progressed with the development of new methods and tools, and with the publication of large clinical trials. Therefore, global cardiac electrophysiology professional societies undertook to outline recommendations and best practices for these procedures in a document that will update and replace the 2009 EHRA/HRS Expert Consensus on Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Arrhythmias. An expert writing group, after reviewing and discussing the literature, including a systematic review and meta-analysis published in conjunction with this document, and drawing on their own experience, drafted and voted on recommendations and summarized current knowledge and practice in the field. Each recommendation is presented in knowledge byte format and is accompanied by supportive text and references. Further sections provide a practical synopsis of the various techniques and of the specific ventricular arrhythmia sites and substrates encountered in the electrophysiology lab. The purpose of this document is to help electrophysiologists around the world to appropriately select patients for catheter ablation, to perform procedures in a safe and efficacious manner, and to provide follow-up and adjunctive care in order to obtain the best possible outcomes for patients with ventricular arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Petr Peichl
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Minglong Chen
- Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Narayanan Namboodiri
- Sree Chitra Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | | | | | | | - Elad Anter
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Andre d'Avila
- Hospital Cardiologico SOS Cardio, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - Barbara J Deal
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | | | | - Claudio Hadid
- Hospital General de Agudos Cosme Argerich, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Haris M Haqqani
- University of Queensland, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Australia
| | - G Neal Kay
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | | | - John M Miller
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Akash R Patel
- University of California San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - John L Sapp
- Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Canada
| | - Andrea Sarkozy
- University Hospital Antwerp, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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12
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Liu C, Su Z, Wang L, Li B, Wang J, Yu Y, Gu C. Surgical Endoepicardial Linear Ablation for Ventricular Tachycardia With Postinfarction Left Ventricular Aneurysm. Tex Heart Inst J 2020; 47:194-201. [PMID: 32997773 DOI: 10.14503/thij-18-6615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This retrospective study evaluated the feasibility of surgical endoepicardial linear ablation for ventricular tachycardia in patients with postinfarction left ventricular aneurysm. Sixty-four patients with multivessel coronary artery disease and left ventricular aneurysm but no mural thrombosis of the aneurysm or valve disease were treated at our institution from March 2012 through July 2015. All underwent off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting and left ventricular aneurysm repair by linear plication. Twenty-three patients (35.9%) had ventricular tachycardia and underwent surgical endoepicardial linear ablation on the beating heart guided by epicardial substrate mapping with the Carto 3 system. The remaining 41 patients (64.1%) composed the no-ablation group. The effectiveness of surgical linear ablation in the ablation group was evaluated. Safety and clinical outcomes were evaluated and compared between the groups. The ventricular tachycardia recurrence rate in the ablation group was 17.4% in the immediate postoperative period and 23.8% at last follow-up (39 ± 21 mo). Early (<30-d) mortality rates were 8.7% in the ablation group and 4.9% in the no-ablation group (P=0.41); the respective late mortality rates were 19.1% and 18% (P=0.70). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that preoperatively poor left ventricular function was an independent risk factor for early and late death in both groups. The groups were similar in terms of the need for postoperative mechanical circulatory support, intensive care unit stay, and cumulative survival rate. We conclude that, for carefully selected candidates, surgical endoepicardial linear ablation combined with off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting and left ventricular aneurysm linear plication is a feasible treatment for ventricular tachycardia with postinfarction left ventricular aneurysm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changcheng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoping Su
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangshan Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengxiong Gu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
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13
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Yalin K, Liosis S, Palade E, Fink T, Schierholz S, Sawan N, Eitel C, Heeger CH, Sciacca V, Sano M, Vogler J, Tilz RR. Cardiac sympathetic denervation in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy and refractory ventricular arrhythmias: a single-center experience. Clin Res Cardiol 2020; 110:21-28. [PMID: 32328735 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-020-01643-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiac sympathetic denervation (CSD) is an effective therapy for selected patients with drug refractory ventricular arrhythmias (VA). Data about the role of CSD in patients with structural heart disease and VAs are sparse. We herein present our experience of CSD in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy and VAs despite prior ablation procedure and/or antiarrhythmic drug (AAD) therapy. METHODS A total of ten patients (mean age 61.6 ± 19.6, mean LVEF 29.5 ± 12.1%) with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NICM) (n = 9) and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) (n = 1) underwent CSD (left sided in six and bilateral in four patients) due to refractory VA despite multiple AADs (mean number of AADs was 1.6 ± 0.7) and prior VT ablation (mean number of procedures per patient was 1.5 ± 1.3). RESULTS Mean follow-up was 10.1 ± 6.9 months. The median number of VA and ICD shocks decreased significantly from 9.0 and 2.5 episodes 6 months prior to CSD to 0 and 0 episodes within 6 months after CSD (p = 0.012 and p = 0.011). Five patients remained free from sustained VA recurrences. Two patients experienced single ICD shock due to a polymorphic VT (triggered by severe hypokalemia in one patient) and one patient a single shock due to monomorphic VT. One patient had five episodes of slow VT under amiodarone therapy (three of them terminated by antitachycardia pacing) and underwent endo- epicardial re-ablation. Two patients died 1 month after CSD. One of them due to electrical storm and cardiogenic shock and the second one due to refractory cardiogenic shock, without recurrence of VAs though. No major complications of CSD occurred. No patient suffered from Horner syndrome. CONCLUSION In this study, CSD was effective for treatment of VAs in patients with structural heart disease refractory to antiarrhythmic drugs and catheter ablation. Further larger studies are required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kivanc Yalin
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University Heart Center Lübeck, Medical Clinic II, Lübeck, Germany. .,Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Spyridon Liosis
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University Heart Center Lübeck, Medical Clinic II, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Emanuel Palade
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Thomas Fink
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University Heart Center Lübeck, Medical Clinic II, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Stefanie Schierholz
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Noureddin Sawan
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University Heart Center Lübeck, Medical Clinic II, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Charlotte Eitel
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University Heart Center Lübeck, Medical Clinic II, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christian H Heeger
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University Heart Center Lübeck, Medical Clinic II, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Vanessa Sciacca
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University Heart Center Lübeck, Medical Clinic II, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Makoto Sano
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University Heart Center Lübeck, Medical Clinic II, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Julia Vogler
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University Heart Center Lübeck, Medical Clinic II, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Roland Richard Tilz
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University Heart Center Lübeck, Medical Clinic II, Lübeck, Germany. .,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Lübeck, Germany.
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14
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Cronin EM, Bogun FM, Maury P, Peichl P, Chen M, Namboodiri N, Aguinaga L, Leite LR, Al-Khatib SM, Anter E, Berruezo A, Callans DJ, Chung MK, Cuculich P, d'Avila A, Deal BJ, Della Bella P, Deneke T, Dickfeld TM, Hadid C, Haqqani HM, Kay GN, Latchamsetty R, Marchlinski F, Miller JM, Nogami A, Patel AR, Pathak RK, Saenz Morales LC, Santangeli P, Sapp JL, Sarkozy A, Soejima K, Stevenson WG, Tedrow UB, Tzou WS, Varma N, Zeppenfeld K. 2019 HRS/EHRA/APHRS/LAHRS expert consensus statement on catheter ablation of ventricular arrhythmias. Heart Rhythm 2019; 17:e2-e154. [PMID: 31085023 PMCID: PMC8453449 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Ventricular arrhythmias are an important cause of morbidity and mortality and come in a variety of forms, from single premature ventricular complexes to sustained ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation. Rapid developments have taken place over the past decade in our understanding of these arrhythmias and in our ability to diagnose and treat them. The field of catheter ablation has progressed with the development of new methods and tools, and with the publication of large clinical trials. Therefore, global cardiac electrophysiology professional societies undertook to outline recommendations and best practices for these procedures in a document that will update and replace the 2009 EHRA/HRS Expert Consensus on Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Arrhythmias. An expert writing group, after reviewing and discussing the literature, including a systematic review and meta-analysis published in conjunction with this document, and drawing on their own experience, drafted and voted on recommendations and summarized current knowledge and practice in the field. Each recommendation is presented in knowledge byte format and is accompanied by supportive text and references. Further sections provide a practical synopsis of the various techniques and of the specific ventricular arrhythmia sites and substrates encountered in the electrophysiology lab. The purpose of this document is to help electrophysiologists around the world to appropriately select patients for catheter ablation, to perform procedures in a safe and efficacious manner, and to provide follow-up and adjunctive care in order to obtain the best possible outcomes for patients with ventricular arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Petr Peichl
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Minglong Chen
- Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Narayanan Namboodiri
- Sree Chitra Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | | | | | | | - Elad Anter
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | | | - Andre d'Avila
- Hospital Cardiologico SOS Cardio, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - Barbara J Deal
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | | | | | - Claudio Hadid
- Hospital General de Agudos Cosme Argerich, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Haris M Haqqani
- University of Queensland, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Australia
| | - G Neal Kay
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | | | | | - John M Miller
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | | | - Akash R Patel
- University of California San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, California
| | | | | | | | - John L Sapp
- Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Canada
| | - Andrea Sarkozy
- University Hospital Antwerp, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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15
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Tilz RR, Kuck KH, Kääb S, Wegscheider K, Thiem A, Wenzel B, Willems S, Steven D. Rationale and design of BERLIN VT study: a multicenter randomised trial comparing preventive versus deferred ablation of ventricular tachycardia. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e022910. [PMID: 31072848 PMCID: PMC6528000 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Catheter ablation (CA) has shown to effectively reduce the burden of ventricular tachycardia in patients with implanted cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). However, in patients with ICD implantation for secondary prevention of ventricular tachycardia (VT), the appropriate time point of CA and its effect on mortality and heart failure progression remains a matter of debate. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We present the design of the ongoing preventive aB lation of vE ntriculartachyca R dia in patients with myocardia LIN farction (BERLIN VT) study that aims to prospectively enrol 208 patients with a stable ischaemic cardiomyopathy, a left ventricular ejection fraction of 30% to 50% and documented ventricular tachycardia. Patients will be 1:1 randomised to undergo CA at the time of ICD implantation or CA after the third appropriate ICD shock for ventricular tachycardia. ICD implantation will be performed in all patients. The primary endpoint is defined as the time to first event comprising all-cause mortality and unplanned hospital admission for congestive heart failure or for symptomatic VT/ventricular fibrillation. The patients will be followed until study termination according to the event driven design. Completion of enrolment is expected for mid of 2019. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study had been approved by the "Ethik-kommission der Landesärztekammer Hamburg" as well as the local institutional review boards for each of the participation sites. The results of the trial will be published in peer-reviewed journals TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02501005.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Richard Tilz
- University Heart Center Lübeck, Medical Clinic II (Cardiology/Angiology/Intensive Care Medicine), Lübeck, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Kuck
- Department of Cardiology, Asklepios Klinik St. Georg, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Karl Wegscheider
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Annette Thiem
- Center for Clinical Research, BIOTRONIK SE & Co. KG, Berlin, Germany
| | - Beate Wenzel
- Center for Clinical Research, BIOTRONIK SE & Co. KG, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Daniel Steven
- Department of Electrophysiology, Heart Center, Köln, Germany
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16
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Hasebe Y, Fukuda K, Nakano M, Kumagai K, Karibe A, Fujishima F, Satake H, Kondo M, Wakayama Y, Shimokawa H. Characteristics of ventricular tachycardia and long-term treatment outcome in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy complicated by lamin A/C gene mutations. J Cardiol 2019; 74:451-459. [PMID: 31060954 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2019.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dilated cardiomyopathy caused by lamin A/C gene (LMNA) mutation is complicated with atrioventricular (AV) conduction disturbances, malignant ventricular arrhythmias, and progressive severe heart failure. Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) of ventricular tachycardia (VT) has been reported to be challenging due to the high recurrence rate in patients with LMNA-related cardiomyopathy. However, electrophysiological and histopathological characteristics of VT substrate remain to be fully elucidated. METHODS AND RESULTS We experienced 6 familial patients with LMNA-related cardiomyopathy in 3 pedigrees (6 males, 43.7±4.5 [SD] years). All patients had first VT attack at 50±6.6 [SD] years of age, and 4 underwent RFCA for incessant VT. Their electrocardiograms during VT showed similar QRS morphologies, characterized by an inferior axis, SR pattern in aVR, and QS pattern in aVL, suggesting the origin of the basal anterior ventricle. Indeed, the VTs had multiple exits around the basal anterior ventricular septum in all RFCA cases. Although we performed multiple RFCA procedures including epicardial ablation and surgical cryoablation, all cases experienced VT recurrences in 4.5±6.4 [SD] months after last procedure. All patients developed end-stage heart failure with frequent VT events, and died at 59.5±3.6 years of age (severe heart failure in 5 and lung disease in 1). In three autopsy cases with RFCA, fibrofatty degeneration was noted in the AV node. In addition, in the deep basal ventricular septum, inhomogenous fibrotic degenerated tissue was noted beyond the reach of RF lesions. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that patients with LMNA-related cardiomyopathy are characterized by VTs refractory to RFCA probably because of the deep intramural focus at the basal ventricular septum, resulting in poor prognosis with progressive severe heart failure despite all available optimized therapies. Thus, we should consider heart transplantation in their early 50s when several VT events begin to occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhi Hasebe
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Koji Fukuda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Makoto Nakano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Koji Kumagai
- Division of Cardiology, Gunma Prefectural Cardiovascular Center, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Akihiko Karibe
- Office for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Sendai Nishitaga National Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Fumiyoshi Fujishima
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Satake
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masateru Kondo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yuji Wakayama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shimokawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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17
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Li B, Liu C, Wang L, Wang J, Hu Y, Gu C. Open chest epicardial and transapical endocardial substrate ablation for ventricular tachycardia with left ventricular aneurysm in a porcine model. Perfusion 2018; 34:154-163. [PMID: 30445894 DOI: 10.1177/0267659118814689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endo-epicardial radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) of ventricular tachycardia (VT) as a first-line strategy has been shown to improve outcomes. This study sought to evaluate the feasibility and validity of open-chest epicardial and transapical endocardial substrate ablation for VT with left ventricular aneurysm (LVA) applying to routine cardiac surgery. METHODS Porcine models of LVA with VT were developed and were divided into a study group (RFCA from the epicardium via direct-view and endocardium via transapical access) and a control group (endocardial RFCA via retrograde transaortic access). Substrate-based mapping and ablation targeting abnormal potentials were performed under thoracotomy. Outcomes, including procedural success and acute freedom from VT, were analysed. RESULTS Twenty-four of 35 (68.57%) acute myocardial infarction (AMI) pigs developed LVA with VT in a 6-week survival period and were randomly divided into a study group (n=12) and a control group (n=12). All animals in the study group successfully underwent endocardial mapping and ablation by transapical access. The scar size of the endocardium and the left ventricular chamber volume were similar in the two groups. Acute freedom from VT in the study group was remarkably superior to that in the control group (88.33% vs. 58.33%, p=0.04). CONCLUSIONS Combined, direct epicardial and transapical endocardial substrate mapping and ablation appeared to be feasible and effective for treating VT with LVA under thoracotomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- 1 Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,2 Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Changcheng Liu
- 1 Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,2 Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Liangshan Wang
- 1 Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,2 Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Wang
- 2 Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.,3 Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yucai Hu
- 4 Department of Cardiology, the First-affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan, China
| | - Chengxiong Gu
- 1 Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,2 Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
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Essebag V, Joza J, Nery PB, Doucette S, Nault I, Rivard L, Gula L, Deyell M, Raymond JM, Lane C, Sapp JL. Prognostic Value of Noninducibility on Outcomes of Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation: A VANISH Substudy. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2018; 4:911-919. [PMID: 30025692 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study sought to evaluate the predictive value of noninducibility on long-term outcomes. BACKGROUND The traditional endpoint for catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia (VT) is noninducibility of VT by programmed stimulation; however, the definition of inducibility remains variable and its prognostic value limited by nonstandardized periprocedural antiarrhythmic drug therapy and implantable cardioverter-defibrillator programming in prior observational studies. The VANISH trial randomized patients with prior myocardial infarction and VT to ablation (with an endpoint of noninducibility of VT ≥300 ms after ablation) versus antiarrhythmic drug escalation. METHODS Patients enrolled in the VANISH study randomized to catheter ablation were included. The relationship between post-ablation inducibility and the primary composite endpoint (death, VT storm >30 days, or appropriate implantable cardioverter-defibrillator shock >30 days) was assessed using a time-to-event analysis, adjusting for other clinical and procedural characteristics. RESULTS A total of 129 patients from the ablation arm were included in the primary analysis, of which 51 were noninducible post-ablation compared with 78 who had inducible VT or in whom inducibility testing was not performed. There were no significant baseline characteristic or procedural differences except for increased implantable cardioverter-defibrillator shocks before randomization in the noninducible group. In multivariate analysis, inducibility significantly increased the risk of death, appropriate shock, or VT storm after 30 days (HR: 1.87; p = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS Inducibility of any VT post-ablation was associated with an increased risk of the composite endpoint in the VANISH trial. A randomized trial is required to confirm whether more aggressive ablation targeting faster induced VTs (<300 ms) can improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidal Essebag
- McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Canada; Hôpital Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.
| | - Jacqueline Joza
- McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | - Pablo B Nery
- Research Methods Unit, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Steve Doucette
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Isabelle Nault
- Institute Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Chris Lane
- Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, Canada
| | - John L Sapp
- Department of Medicine, QEII Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
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19
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Liu C, Wang L, Li B, Wang J, Hu Y, Li S, Yu Y, Gu C. Surgical linear ablation for ventricular tachycardia with postinfarction ventricular aneurysm. J Surg Res 2018; 228:211-220. [PMID: 29907214 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2018.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left ventricular aneurysm (LVA) might be an arrhythmogenic substrate. Endocardiectomy and cryoablation for ventricular tachycardia (VT) with LVA can cause extensive myocardial damage. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of surgical radial linear ablation for VT with LVA guided by electrophysiological mapping. MATERIALS AND METHODS Porcine models of VT with LVA were developed. Endocardial and epicardial substrate mapping during sinus rhythm were performed under thoracotomy. Surgical radial linear ablation was achieved by a bipolar radiofrequency ablation device. Outcomes, including procedural success and acute freedom of VT, were analyzed. RESULTS Fifteen of 20 pigs developed LVA in a 6-wk survival period. A total of 28 sustained monomorphic VTs were initiated in 13 of 15 pigs (86.67%). The number of potential points captured from the endocardium and epicardium were 319 ± 45 and 358 ± 52 per animal, respectively. The ablative targets containing abnormal potentials were located largely on the border zone of LVA. Eight linear lesions from core to border zone of LVA were achieved per animal in a radial and even manner continuously, and ablation was repeated three times to transect border zone. The acute freedom of VT was 84.62%, P < 0.05. CONCLUSIONS Surgical linear endo-epicardial ablation seemed to be feasible in a porcine model with VT and LVA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changcheng Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Liangshan Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China; Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yucai Hu
- Department of Cardiology, the First-affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan, China
| | - Songnan Li
- Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China; Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.
| | - Chengxiong Gu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.
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20
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Maagh P, Christoph A, Müller MS, Dopp H, Plehn G, Meissner A. Point-by-point versus multisite electrode mapping in VT ablation: does freedom from VT recurrences depend on mapping catheter? An observational study. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2018; 51:169-181. [PMID: 29356922 DOI: 10.1007/s10840-018-0311-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was conducted with the purpose of determining whether or not the potential technical advantages of multi-electrode mapping catheters in catheter ablation (CA) of ventricular tachycardia (VT) result in any relevant clinical benefit for VT patients. METHODS A single-center VT study, having taken place from 2012 to 2014 using a standard 3.5-mm catheter (Thermocool SF® group 1) and from 2014 to 2016 using a 1-mm multi-electrode-mapping catheter (PentaRay® group 2), was conducted. The endpoint was the complete elimination of late potentials (LPs), local abnormal ventricular activities (LAVA), and VT non-inducibility. Follow-up consisted of device interrogation to monitor for VT recurrence. RESULTS Out of 74 VT patients aged 64.5 ± 12.0 years (66 male [89.2%], 56 with ICM [75.7%], and 18 with NICM [24.3%)]), 48 patients (64.9%) were investigated in group 1 and 26 (35.1%) in group 2. Using the multi-point acquisition approach, a tendency to require less mapping time (group 1 65.2 ± 37.6 min, group 2 55.6 ± 34.4 min, p ns) was determined. During 12-month follow-up, 57 patients had freedom from VT recurrences (79.2%). The result was insignificant between the groups (38 patients (79.2%) in group 1 and 19 patients (73.1%) in group 2). CONCLUSIONS In a single-center observational study, both conventional and high-density mapping approaches in VT patients are comparable in terms of procedure duration and outcome. Mapping time when using a multi-electrode catheter seems to have the tendency of being shorter. We should be encouraged to recruit more patients comparing the benefit of different catheter types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Maagh
- Department of Cardiology, Electrophysiology and Intensive Care, Klinikum Merheim, University Witten/Herdecke/Germany, Ostmerheimer Str. 200, 51109, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Arnd Christoph
- Department of Cardiology, Electrophysiology and Intensive Care, Klinikum Merheim, University Witten/Herdecke/Germany, Ostmerheimer Str. 200, 51109, Cologne, Germany
| | - Markus Sebastian Müller
- Department of Cardiology, Electrophysiology and Intensive Care, Klinikum Merheim, University Witten/Herdecke/Germany, Ostmerheimer Str. 200, 51109, Cologne, Germany
| | - Henning Dopp
- Department of Cardiology, Electrophysiology and Intensive Care, Klinikum Merheim, University Witten/Herdecke/Germany, Ostmerheimer Str. 200, 51109, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gunnar Plehn
- Department of Cardiology, Malteser Krankenhaus St. Anna, Albertus-Magnus-Straße 33, 47259, Duisburg, Germany.,Ruhr-University of Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Axel Meissner
- Department of Cardiology, Electrophysiology and Intensive Care, Klinikum Merheim, University Witten/Herdecke/Germany, Ostmerheimer Str. 200, 51109, Cologne, Germany.,Ruhr-University of Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
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Samanta R, Kumar S, Chik W, Qian P, Barry MA, Al Raisi S, Bhaskaran A, Farraha M, Nadri F, Kizana E, Thiagalingam A, Kovoor P, Pouliopoulos J. Influence of Intramyocardial Adipose Tissue on the Accuracy of Endocardial Contact Mapping of the Chronic Myocardial Infarction Substrate. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2017; 10:CIRCEP.116.004998. [PMID: 29038101 DOI: 10.1161/circep.116.004998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have demonstrated that intramyocardial adipose tissue (IMAT) may contribute to ventricular electrophysiological remodeling in patients with chronic myocardial infarction. Using an ovine model of myocardial infarction, we aimed to determine the influence of IMAT on scar tissue identification during endocardial contact mapping and optimal voltage-based mapping criteria for defining IMAT dense regions. METHOD AND RESULTS In 7 sheep, left ventricular endocardial and transmural mapping was performed 84 weeks (15-111 weeks) post-myocardial infarction. Spearman rank correlation coefficient was used to assess the relationship between endocardial contact electrogram amplitude and histological composition of myocardium. Receiver operator characteristic curves were used to derive optimal electrogram thresholds for IMAT delineation during endocardial mapping and to describe the use of endocardial mapping for delineation of IMAT dense regions within scar. Endocardial electrogram amplitude correlated significantly with IMAT (unipolar r=-0.48±0.12, P<0.001; bipolar r=-0.45±0.22, P=0.04) but not collagen (unipolar r=-0.36±0.24, P=0.13; bipolar r=-0.43±0.31, P=0.16). IMAT dense regions of myocardium reliably identified using endocardial mapping with thresholds of <3.7 and <0.6 mV, respectively, for unipolar, bipolar, and combined modalities (single modality area under the curve=0.80, P<0.001; combined modality area under the curve=0.84, P<0.001). Unipolar mapping using optimal thresholding remained significantly reliable (area under the curve=0.76, P<0.001) during mapping of IMAT, confined to putative scar border zones (bipolar amplitude, 0.5-1.5 mV). CONCLUSIONS These novel findings enhance our understanding of the confounding influence of IMAT on endocardial scar mapping. Combined bipolar and unipolar voltage mapping using optimal thresholds may be useful for delineating IMAT dense regions of myocardium, in postinfarct cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Samanta
- From the Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia (R.S., S.K., W.C., P.Q., M.A.B., S.A.R., A.B., F.N., E.K., A.T., P.K., J.P.); and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia (R.S., W.C., S.A.R., A.B., M.F., E.K., A.T., P.K., J.P.)
| | - Saurabh Kumar
- From the Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia (R.S., S.K., W.C., P.Q., M.A.B., S.A.R., A.B., F.N., E.K., A.T., P.K., J.P.); and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia (R.S., W.C., S.A.R., A.B., M.F., E.K., A.T., P.K., J.P.)
| | - William Chik
- From the Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia (R.S., S.K., W.C., P.Q., M.A.B., S.A.R., A.B., F.N., E.K., A.T., P.K., J.P.); and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia (R.S., W.C., S.A.R., A.B., M.F., E.K., A.T., P.K., J.P.)
| | - Pierre Qian
- From the Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia (R.S., S.K., W.C., P.Q., M.A.B., S.A.R., A.B., F.N., E.K., A.T., P.K., J.P.); and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia (R.S., W.C., S.A.R., A.B., M.F., E.K., A.T., P.K., J.P.)
| | - Michael A Barry
- From the Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia (R.S., S.K., W.C., P.Q., M.A.B., S.A.R., A.B., F.N., E.K., A.T., P.K., J.P.); and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia (R.S., W.C., S.A.R., A.B., M.F., E.K., A.T., P.K., J.P.)
| | - Sara Al Raisi
- From the Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia (R.S., S.K., W.C., P.Q., M.A.B., S.A.R., A.B., F.N., E.K., A.T., P.K., J.P.); and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia (R.S., W.C., S.A.R., A.B., M.F., E.K., A.T., P.K., J.P.)
| | - Abhishek Bhaskaran
- From the Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia (R.S., S.K., W.C., P.Q., M.A.B., S.A.R., A.B., F.N., E.K., A.T., P.K., J.P.); and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia (R.S., W.C., S.A.R., A.B., M.F., E.K., A.T., P.K., J.P.)
| | - Melad Farraha
- From the Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia (R.S., S.K., W.C., P.Q., M.A.B., S.A.R., A.B., F.N., E.K., A.T., P.K., J.P.); and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia (R.S., W.C., S.A.R., A.B., M.F., E.K., A.T., P.K., J.P.)
| | - Fazlur Nadri
- From the Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia (R.S., S.K., W.C., P.Q., M.A.B., S.A.R., A.B., F.N., E.K., A.T., P.K., J.P.); and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia (R.S., W.C., S.A.R., A.B., M.F., E.K., A.T., P.K., J.P.)
| | - Eddy Kizana
- From the Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia (R.S., S.K., W.C., P.Q., M.A.B., S.A.R., A.B., F.N., E.K., A.T., P.K., J.P.); and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia (R.S., W.C., S.A.R., A.B., M.F., E.K., A.T., P.K., J.P.)
| | - Aravinda Thiagalingam
- From the Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia (R.S., S.K., W.C., P.Q., M.A.B., S.A.R., A.B., F.N., E.K., A.T., P.K., J.P.); and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia (R.S., W.C., S.A.R., A.B., M.F., E.K., A.T., P.K., J.P.)
| | - Pramesh Kovoor
- From the Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia (R.S., S.K., W.C., P.Q., M.A.B., S.A.R., A.B., F.N., E.K., A.T., P.K., J.P.); and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia (R.S., W.C., S.A.R., A.B., M.F., E.K., A.T., P.K., J.P.)
| | - Jim Pouliopoulos
- From the Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia (R.S., S.K., W.C., P.Q., M.A.B., S.A.R., A.B., F.N., E.K., A.T., P.K., J.P.); and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia (R.S., W.C., S.A.R., A.B., M.F., E.K., A.T., P.K., J.P.).
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22
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Turagam MK, Atkins D, Tung R, Mansour M, Ruskin J, Cheng J, Di Biase L, Natale A, Lakkireddy D. A meta-analysis of manual versus remote magnetic navigation for ventricular tachycardia ablation. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10840-017-0257-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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Briceño DF, Romero J, Gianni C, Mohanty S, Villablanca PA, Natale A, Di Biase L. Substrate Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia: Late Potentials, Scar Dechanneling, Local Abnormal Ventricular Activities, Core Isolation, and Homogenization. Card Electrophysiol Clin 2017; 9:81-91. [PMID: 28167088 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccep.2016.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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24
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Thompson N, Frontera A, Takigawa M, Cheniti G, Massoullie G, Cochet H, Denis A, Chaumeil A, Derval N, Hocini M, Haissaguerre M, Jais P, Sacher F. Catheter Ablation for Ventricular Tachycardia in Patients with Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy. Card Electrophysiol Clin 2017; 9:47-54. [PMID: 28167085 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccep.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Although catheter ablation has been successful in reducing the recurrence of ventricular tachycardia in patients with ischemic disease, outcomes in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) have not met with the same results. Success is predicated on a methodical approach to diagnosis of disease type and identification of critical substrate, and the ablation strategies used. Cardiac MRI with delayed enhancement is able to identify areas of substrate involvement, particularly in situations when conventional catheter mapping is not able to do so. Radiofrequency needle, irrigated bipolar radiofrequency, and transcoronary alcohol ablation are effective and alternative techniques to endocardial and epicardial ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Thompson
- Bordeaux University Hospital, LIRYC Institute, INSERM 1045, Bordeaux University, France.
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Bordeaux University Hospital, LIRYC Institute, INSERM 1045, Bordeaux University, France
| | - Masateru Takigawa
- Bordeaux University Hospital, LIRYC Institute, INSERM 1045, Bordeaux University, France
| | - Ghassen Cheniti
- Bordeaux University Hospital, LIRYC Institute, INSERM 1045, Bordeaux University, France
| | - Gregoire Massoullie
- Bordeaux University Hospital, LIRYC Institute, INSERM 1045, Bordeaux University, France
| | - Hubert Cochet
- Bordeaux University Hospital, LIRYC Institute, INSERM 1045, Bordeaux University, France
| | - Arnaud Denis
- Bordeaux University Hospital, LIRYC Institute, INSERM 1045, Bordeaux University, France
| | - Arnaud Chaumeil
- Bordeaux University Hospital, LIRYC Institute, INSERM 1045, Bordeaux University, France
| | - Nicolas Derval
- Bordeaux University Hospital, LIRYC Institute, INSERM 1045, Bordeaux University, France
| | - Meleze Hocini
- Bordeaux University Hospital, LIRYC Institute, INSERM 1045, Bordeaux University, France
| | - Michel Haissaguerre
- Bordeaux University Hospital, LIRYC Institute, INSERM 1045, Bordeaux University, France
| | - Pierre Jais
- Bordeaux University Hospital, LIRYC Institute, INSERM 1045, Bordeaux University, France
| | - Frederic Sacher
- Bordeaux University Hospital, LIRYC Institute, INSERM 1045, Bordeaux University, France
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Haber T, Kleister G, Selman B, Härtig J, Melichercik J, Ismer B. Interactive In-Vitro Training In Physics Of Radiofrequency Ablation For Physicians And Medical Engineering Students. J Atr Fibrillation 2016; 9:1403. [PMID: 27909510 DOI: 10.4022/jafib.1403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Radiofrequency (RF) ablation requires a complex set of devices as well as profound electrophysiological experience and substantial knowledge of physical science basics. To establish RF ablation in-vitro teaching-system, six workstations were equipped with computer-controlled RF ablation generators. Universal connection boxes allow ablation-essays with catheters of different make and model. Special wetlabs were developed combining a basin containing isotonic saline solution with a thermostat and a pump to simulate blood flow. This hands-on teaching system can be used to demonstrate differences in lesion-forming dependent on tip-electrodes, sensor technology and ablation techniques, influence of blood flow and electrode-angle to the myocardium. It was also utilized to reproduce industrial in-vitro tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Haber
- Peter Osypka Institute for Pacing and Ablation at Offenburg University of Applied Sciences
| | - G Kleister
- Peter Osypka Institute for Pacing and Ablation at Offenburg University of Applied Sciences
| | - B Selman
- Peter Osypka Institute for Pacing and Ablation at Offenburg University of Applied Sciences
| | - J Härtig
- MediClin Heart Center Lahr/Baden, Germany
| | - J Melichercik
- Peter Osypka Institute for Pacing and Ablation at Offenburg University of Applied Sciences
| | - B Ismer
- Peter Osypka Institute for Pacing and Ablation at Offenburg University of Applied Sciences
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Bessiere F, N'djin WA, Colas EC, Chavrier F, Greillier P, Chapelon JY, Chevalier P, Lafon C. Ultrasound-Guided Transesophageal High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Cardiac Ablation in a Beating Heart: A Pilot Feasibility Study in Pigs. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2016; 42:1848-1861. [PMID: 27158083 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Catheter ablation for the treatment of arrhythmia is associated with significant complications and often-repeated procedures. Consequently, a less invasive and more efficient technique is required. Because high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) enables the generation of precise thermal ablations in deep-seated tissues without harming the tissues in the propagation path, it has the potential to be used as a new ablation technique. A system capable of delivering HIFU into the heart by a transesophageal route using ultrasound (US) imaging guidance was developed and tested in vivo in six male pigs. HIFU exposures were performed on atria and ventricles. At the time of autopsy, visual inspection identified thermal lesions in the targeted areas in three of the animals. These lesions were confirmed by histologic analysis (mean size: 5.5 mm(2) × 11 mm(2)). No esophageal thermal injury was observed. One animal presented with bradycardia due to an atrio-ventricular block, which provides real-time confirmation of an interaction between HIFU and the electrical circuits of the heart. Thus, US-guided HIFU has the potential to minimally invasively create myocardial lesions without an intra-cardiac device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Bessiere
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Cardiovasculaire Louis Pradel, Lyon, France; Inserm, LabTau, Lyon, France; Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.
| | | | | | | | - Paul Greillier
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Cardiovasculaire Louis Pradel, Lyon, France; Inserm, LabTau, Lyon, France
| | | | - Philippe Chevalier
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Cardiovasculaire Louis Pradel, Lyon, France; Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Cyril Lafon
- Inserm, LabTau, Lyon, France; Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
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27
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SKODA JAN, ARYA ARASH, GARCIA FERMIN, GERSTENFELD EDWARD, MARCHLINSKI FRANCIS, HINDRICKS GERHARD, MILLER JOHN, PETRU JAN, SEDIVA LUCIE, SHA QUN, JANOTKA MAREK, CHOVANEC MILAN, WALDAUF PETR, NEUZIL PETR, REDDY VIVEKY. Catheter Ablation of Ischemic Ventricular Tachycardia With Remote Magnetic Navigation: STOP-VT Multicenter Trial. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2016; 27 Suppl 1:S29-37. [DOI: 10.1111/jce.12910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- JAN SKODA
- Cardiology Department, Na Homolce Hospital; Prague Czech Republic
| | - ARASH ARYA
- Heart Center, University of Leipzig; Germany
| | - FERMIN GARCIA
- School of Medicine; University of Pennsylvania; Philadephia Pennsylvania USA
| | | | - FRANCIS MARCHLINSKI
- School of Medicine; University of Pennsylvania; Philadephia Pennsylvania USA
| | | | - JOHN MILLER
- Indiana University Health; Bloomington Indiana USA
| | - JAN PETRU
- Cardiology Department, Na Homolce Hospital; Prague Czech Republic
| | - LUCIE SEDIVA
- Cardiology Department, Na Homolce Hospital; Prague Czech Republic
| | - QUN SHA
- Stereotaxis, Inc; St. Louis MO USA
| | - MAREK JANOTKA
- Cardiology Department, Na Homolce Hospital; Prague Czech Republic
| | - MILAN CHOVANEC
- Cardiology Department, Na Homolce Hospital; Prague Czech Republic
| | - PETR WALDAUF
- Cardiology Department, Na Homolce Hospital; Prague Czech Republic
| | - PETR NEUZIL
- Cardiology Department, Na Homolce Hospital; Prague Czech Republic
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28
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Garabelli P, Stavrakis S, Po SS. Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia in Patients with Ischemic Cardiomyopathy. Card Electrophysiol Clin 2016; 8:121-9. [PMID: 26920180 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccep.2015.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Ventricular tachycardias (VTs) occurring after prior myocardial infarction are usually caused by reentrant circuits formed by surviving myocardial bundles. Although part of the reentrant circuits may be located in the midmyocardium or epicardium, most of the VTs can be safely and successfully ablated by endocardial ablation targeting the late potentials/local abnormal ventricular activation, which are surrogates for the surviving myocardial bundles. A combination of activation, substrate, pace, and entrainment mapping, as well as the use of contact force catheters, further improves ablation success and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Garabelli
- Department of Medicine, Heart Rhythm Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1200 Everett Drive, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Stavros Stavrakis
- Department of Medicine, Heart Rhythm Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1200 Everett Drive, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Sunny S Po
- Department of Medicine, Heart Rhythm Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1200 Everett Drive, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
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29
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Berte B, Cochet H, Magat J, Naulin J, Ghidoli D, Pillois X, Casassus F, Yamashita S, Mahida S, Derval N, Hocini M, Quesson B, Bernus O, Weerasooriya R, Haïssaguerre M, Sacher F, Jaïs P. Irrigated Needle Ablation Creates Larger and More Transmural Ventricular Lesions Compared With Standard Unipolar Ablation in an Ovine Model. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2015; 8:1498-506. [DOI: 10.1161/circep.115.002963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background—
Ventricular tachycardia recurrence can occur after ventricular tachycardia ablation because of incomplete and nontransmural ventricular lesion formation. We sought to compare the lesions made by a novel irrigated needle catheter to conventional radiofrequency lesions.
Methods and Results—
Thirteen female sheep (4.6±0.7 years, 54±8 kg) were studied. In 7 sheep, 60-s radiofrequency applications were performed using an irrigated needle catheter. In 6 sheep, conventional lesions were made using a 4-mm irrigated catheter. 1.5T in vivo and high-density magnetic resonance imaging (9.4T) were performed on explanted hearts from animals receiving needle radiofrequency. Conventional lesion volume was calculated as (1/6)×π×(A×B
2
+C×D
2
/2). Needle lesion volume was measured as Σ(π×r
2
)/2 with a slice thickness of 1 mm. The dimensions of all lesions were also measured on gross pathology. Additional histological analysis of the needle lesions was performed. One hundred twenty endocardial left ventricular ablation lesions (conventional, n=60; needle, n=60) were created. At necropsy, more lesions were found using needle versus conventional radiofrequency (90% versus 75%;
P
<0.05). Comparing needle versus conventional radiofrequency: lesion volume was larger (1030±362 versus 488±384 mm
3
;
P
<0.001), lesion depth was increased (9.9±2.7 versus 5±2.4 mm;
P
<0.001), and more transmural lesions were created (62.5% versus 17%;
P
<0.01). Pericardial contrast injection was observed in 4 apical attempts using needle radiofrequency, however, with no adverse effects. Steam pops occurred in 3 attempts using conventional radiofrequency.
Conclusions—
Irrigated needle ablation is associated with more frequent, larger, deeper, and more often transmural lesions compared with conventional irrigated ablation. This technology might be of value to treat intramural or epicardial ventricular tachycardia substrates resistant to conventional ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Berte
- From the Department of Cardiology and Radiology, Hôpital Haut-l’évêque, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., X.P., F.C., S.Y., S.M., N.D., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); LIRYC Institute, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU), Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., J.M., J.N., M. Hocini, B.Q., O.B., M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); Biosense Webster, Research and Development Department, Palo Alto, CA (D.G.); and Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital
| | - Hubert Cochet
- From the Department of Cardiology and Radiology, Hôpital Haut-l’évêque, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., X.P., F.C., S.Y., S.M., N.D., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); LIRYC Institute, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU), Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., J.M., J.N., M. Hocini, B.Q., O.B., M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); Biosense Webster, Research and Development Department, Palo Alto, CA (D.G.); and Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital
| | - Julie Magat
- From the Department of Cardiology and Radiology, Hôpital Haut-l’évêque, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., X.P., F.C., S.Y., S.M., N.D., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); LIRYC Institute, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU), Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., J.M., J.N., M. Hocini, B.Q., O.B., M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); Biosense Webster, Research and Development Department, Palo Alto, CA (D.G.); and Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital
| | - Jérôme Naulin
- From the Department of Cardiology and Radiology, Hôpital Haut-l’évêque, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., X.P., F.C., S.Y., S.M., N.D., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); LIRYC Institute, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU), Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., J.M., J.N., M. Hocini, B.Q., O.B., M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); Biosense Webster, Research and Development Department, Palo Alto, CA (D.G.); and Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital
| | - Daniele Ghidoli
- From the Department of Cardiology and Radiology, Hôpital Haut-l’évêque, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., X.P., F.C., S.Y., S.M., N.D., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); LIRYC Institute, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU), Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., J.M., J.N., M. Hocini, B.Q., O.B., M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); Biosense Webster, Research and Development Department, Palo Alto, CA (D.G.); and Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital
| | - Xavier Pillois
- From the Department of Cardiology and Radiology, Hôpital Haut-l’évêque, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., X.P., F.C., S.Y., S.M., N.D., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); LIRYC Institute, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU), Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., J.M., J.N., M. Hocini, B.Q., O.B., M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); Biosense Webster, Research and Development Department, Palo Alto, CA (D.G.); and Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital
| | - Frédéric Casassus
- From the Department of Cardiology and Radiology, Hôpital Haut-l’évêque, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., X.P., F.C., S.Y., S.M., N.D., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); LIRYC Institute, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU), Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., J.M., J.N., M. Hocini, B.Q., O.B., M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); Biosense Webster, Research and Development Department, Palo Alto, CA (D.G.); and Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital
| | - Seigo Yamashita
- From the Department of Cardiology and Radiology, Hôpital Haut-l’évêque, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., X.P., F.C., S.Y., S.M., N.D., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); LIRYC Institute, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU), Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., J.M., J.N., M. Hocini, B.Q., O.B., M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); Biosense Webster, Research and Development Department, Palo Alto, CA (D.G.); and Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital
| | - Saagar Mahida
- From the Department of Cardiology and Radiology, Hôpital Haut-l’évêque, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., X.P., F.C., S.Y., S.M., N.D., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); LIRYC Institute, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU), Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., J.M., J.N., M. Hocini, B.Q., O.B., M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); Biosense Webster, Research and Development Department, Palo Alto, CA (D.G.); and Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital
| | - Nicolas Derval
- From the Department of Cardiology and Radiology, Hôpital Haut-l’évêque, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., X.P., F.C., S.Y., S.M., N.D., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); LIRYC Institute, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU), Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., J.M., J.N., M. Hocini, B.Q., O.B., M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); Biosense Webster, Research and Development Department, Palo Alto, CA (D.G.); and Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital
| | - Mélèze Hocini
- From the Department of Cardiology and Radiology, Hôpital Haut-l’évêque, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., X.P., F.C., S.Y., S.M., N.D., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); LIRYC Institute, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU), Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., J.M., J.N., M. Hocini, B.Q., O.B., M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); Biosense Webster, Research and Development Department, Palo Alto, CA (D.G.); and Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital
| | - Bruno Quesson
- From the Department of Cardiology and Radiology, Hôpital Haut-l’évêque, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., X.P., F.C., S.Y., S.M., N.D., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); LIRYC Institute, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU), Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., J.M., J.N., M. Hocini, B.Q., O.B., M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); Biosense Webster, Research and Development Department, Palo Alto, CA (D.G.); and Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital
| | - Olivier Bernus
- From the Department of Cardiology and Radiology, Hôpital Haut-l’évêque, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., X.P., F.C., S.Y., S.M., N.D., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); LIRYC Institute, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU), Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., J.M., J.N., M. Hocini, B.Q., O.B., M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); Biosense Webster, Research and Development Department, Palo Alto, CA (D.G.); and Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital
| | - Rukshen Weerasooriya
- From the Department of Cardiology and Radiology, Hôpital Haut-l’évêque, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., X.P., F.C., S.Y., S.M., N.D., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); LIRYC Institute, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU), Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., J.M., J.N., M. Hocini, B.Q., O.B., M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); Biosense Webster, Research and Development Department, Palo Alto, CA (D.G.); and Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital
| | - Michel Haïssaguerre
- From the Department of Cardiology and Radiology, Hôpital Haut-l’évêque, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., X.P., F.C., S.Y., S.M., N.D., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); LIRYC Institute, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU), Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., J.M., J.N., M. Hocini, B.Q., O.B., M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); Biosense Webster, Research and Development Department, Palo Alto, CA (D.G.); and Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital
| | - Frédéric Sacher
- From the Department of Cardiology and Radiology, Hôpital Haut-l’évêque, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., X.P., F.C., S.Y., S.M., N.D., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); LIRYC Institute, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU), Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., J.M., J.N., M. Hocini, B.Q., O.B., M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); Biosense Webster, Research and Development Department, Palo Alto, CA (D.G.); and Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital
| | - Pierre Jaïs
- From the Department of Cardiology and Radiology, Hôpital Haut-l’évêque, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., X.P., F.C., S.Y., S.M., N.D., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); LIRYC Institute, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU), Bordeaux, France (B.B., H.C., J.M., J.N., M. Hocini, B.Q., O.B., M. Haïssaguerre, F.S., P.J.); Biosense Webster, Research and Development Department, Palo Alto, CA (D.G.); and Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital
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30
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Gorenek B, Blomström Lundqvist C, Brugada Terradellas J, Camm AJ, Hindricks G, Huber K, Kirchhof P, Kuck KH, Kudaiberdieva G, Lin T, Raviele A, Santini M, Tilz RR, Valgimigli M, Vos MA, Vrints C, Zeymer U, Kristiansen SB. Cardiac arrhythmias in acute coronary syndromes: position paper from the joint EHRA, ACCA, and EAPCI task force. EUROINTERVENTION 2015; 10:1095-108. [PMID: 25169596 DOI: 10.4244/eijy14m08_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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31
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Fernández-Armenta J, Penela D, Acosta J, Andreu D, Berruezo A. Approach to ablation of unmappable ventricular arrhythmias. Card Electrophysiol Clin 2015; 7:527-537. [PMID: 26304532 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccep.2015.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Most patients with structural heart disease referred for ventricular tachycardia ablation have unstable tachycardias not suitable for conventional mapping (ie, entrainment mapping). Substrate-guided mapping and ablation during sinus rhythm are intended to overcome the limitations of conventional mapping and ablation. Substrate ablation permits elimination of multiple ventricular tachycardias irrespective of their inducibility during the procedure or their hemodynamic tolerability. Moreover, the elimination/isolation of the arrhythmogenic substrate identified during sinus rhythm has been associated with better outcomes. There is currently no standardized approach for substrate-guided ablation. This article discusses the main aspects of the proposed techniques and substrate ablation targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Fernández-Armenta
- Arrhythmia Section, Cardiology Department, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Diego Penela
- Arrhythmia Section, Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínic and IDIBAPS (Institut d'Investigació Agustí Pi i Sunyer), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Acosta
- Arrhythmia Section, Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínic and IDIBAPS (Institut d'Investigació Agustí Pi i Sunyer), Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Andreu
- Arrhythmia Section, Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínic and IDIBAPS (Institut d'Investigació Agustí Pi i Sunyer), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Berruezo
- Arrhythmia Section, Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínic and IDIBAPS (Institut d'Investigació Agustí Pi i Sunyer), Barcelona, Spain.
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32
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Berruezo A, Fernández-Armenta J, Andreu D, Penela D, Herczku C, Evertz R, Cipolletta L, Acosta J, Borràs R, Arbelo E, Tolosana JM, Brugada J, Mont L. Scar Dechanneling. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2015; 8:326-36. [DOI: 10.1161/circep.114.002386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background—
Ventricular tachycardia (VT) substrate ablation usually requires extensive ablation. Scar dechanneling technique may limit the extent of ablation needed.
Methods and Results—
The study included 101 consecutive patients with left ventricular scar–related VT (75 ischemic patients; left ventricular ejection fraction, 36±13%). Procedural end point was the elimination of all identified conducting channels (CCs) by ablation at the CC entrance followed by abolition of residual inducible VTs. By itself, scar dechanneling rendered noninducibility in 54.5% of patients; ablation of residual inducible VT increased noninducibility to 78.2%. Patients needing only scar dechanneling had a shorter procedure (213±64 versus 244±71 minutes;
P
=0.027), fewer radiofrequency applications (19±11% versus 27±18%;
P
=0.01), and external cardioversion/defibrillation shocks (20% versus 65.2%;
P
<0.001). At 2 years, patients needing scar dechanneling alone had better event-free survival (80% versus 62%) and lower mortality (5% versus 11%). Incomplete CC-electrogram elimination was the only independent predictor (hazard ratio, 2.54 [1.06–6.10]) for the primary end point. Higher end point-free survival rates were observed in patients noninducible after scar dechanneling (log-rank
P
=0.013) and those with complete CC-electrogram elimination (log-rank
P
=0.013). The complications rate was 6.9%, with no deaths.
Conclusions—
Scar dechanneling alone results in low recurrence and mortality rates in more than half of patients despite the limited ablation extent required. Residual inducible VT ablation improves acute results, but patients who require it have worse outcomes. Recurrences are mainly related to incomplete CC-electrogram elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Berruezo
- From the Arrhythmia Section, Cardiology Department, Thorax Institute, Hospital Clínic and IDIBAPS (Institut d’Investigació Agustí Pi i Sunyer), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Fernández-Armenta
- From the Arrhythmia Section, Cardiology Department, Thorax Institute, Hospital Clínic and IDIBAPS (Institut d’Investigació Agustí Pi i Sunyer), Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Andreu
- From the Arrhythmia Section, Cardiology Department, Thorax Institute, Hospital Clínic and IDIBAPS (Institut d’Investigació Agustí Pi i Sunyer), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diego Penela
- From the Arrhythmia Section, Cardiology Department, Thorax Institute, Hospital Clínic and IDIBAPS (Institut d’Investigació Agustí Pi i Sunyer), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Csaba Herczku
- From the Arrhythmia Section, Cardiology Department, Thorax Institute, Hospital Clínic and IDIBAPS (Institut d’Investigació Agustí Pi i Sunyer), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Reinder Evertz
- From the Arrhythmia Section, Cardiology Department, Thorax Institute, Hospital Clínic and IDIBAPS (Institut d’Investigació Agustí Pi i Sunyer), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Cipolletta
- From the Arrhythmia Section, Cardiology Department, Thorax Institute, Hospital Clínic and IDIBAPS (Institut d’Investigació Agustí Pi i Sunyer), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Acosta
- From the Arrhythmia Section, Cardiology Department, Thorax Institute, Hospital Clínic and IDIBAPS (Institut d’Investigació Agustí Pi i Sunyer), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roger Borràs
- From the Arrhythmia Section, Cardiology Department, Thorax Institute, Hospital Clínic and IDIBAPS (Institut d’Investigació Agustí Pi i Sunyer), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Arbelo
- From the Arrhythmia Section, Cardiology Department, Thorax Institute, Hospital Clínic and IDIBAPS (Institut d’Investigació Agustí Pi i Sunyer), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose María Tolosana
- From the Arrhythmia Section, Cardiology Department, Thorax Institute, Hospital Clínic and IDIBAPS (Institut d’Investigació Agustí Pi i Sunyer), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Brugada
- From the Arrhythmia Section, Cardiology Department, Thorax Institute, Hospital Clínic and IDIBAPS (Institut d’Investigació Agustí Pi i Sunyer), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lluis Mont
- From the Arrhythmia Section, Cardiology Department, Thorax Institute, Hospital Clínic and IDIBAPS (Institut d’Investigació Agustí Pi i Sunyer), Barcelona, Spain
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Aksu T, Guler TE, Golcuk E, Ozcan KS, Erden I. Successful focal ablation in a patient with electrical storm in the early postinfarction period: case report. Int Med Case Rep J 2015; 8:59-63. [PMID: 25767407 PMCID: PMC4354451 DOI: 10.2147/imcrj.s79378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrical storm (ES) is associated with a poor prognosis if it occurs in the early postinfarction period (within 4 weeks). There are limited data on the efficacy and safety of catheter ablation in the early period. In the patients with postinfarction cardiomyopathy, ventricular tachycardia (VT) is usually caused by re-entry through slowly conducting tissue within areas of a myocardial scar, whereas for the early postinfarction period, the underlying mechanism of ES is not fully understood. We report a case of ES for which macroreentry was excluded as a mechanism of VT because of the clinical and electrophysiological properties of the tachycardia. The tachycardia was terminated by focal radiofrequency catheter ablation of the earliest site. The total procedure time was only 35 minutes. During a 12-month follow-up period, the patient has remained free of monomorphic VT episodes. On the basis of this case, we aimed to discuss the underlying mechanism of ES in the early postinfarction period and to evaluate the role of radiofrequency catheter ablation as a primary approach for treating ES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tolga Aksu
- Department of Cardiology, Derince Training and Research Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Tumer Erdem Guler
- Department of Cardiology, Derince Training and Research Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Ebru Golcuk
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kazım Serhan Ozcan
- Department of Cardiology, Derince Training and Research Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Ismail Erden
- Department of Cardiology, Derince Training and Research Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkey
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Andrade JG, Rivard L, Macle L. The Past, the Present, and the Future of Cardiac Arrhythmia Ablation. Can J Cardiol 2014; 30:S431-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2014.07.731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 07/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Gorenek B, Blomström Lundqvist C, Brugada Terradellas J, Camm AJ, Hindricks G, Huber K, Kirchhof P, Kuck KH, Kudaiberdieva G, Lin T, Raviele A, Santini M, Tilz RR, Valgimigli M, Vos MA, Vrints C, Zeymer U, Kristiansen SB, Lip GY, Potpara T, Fauchier L, Sticherling C, Roffi M, Widimsky P, Mehilli J, Lettino M, Schiele F, Sinnaeve P, Boriani G, Lane D, Savelieva I. Cardiac arrhythmias in acute coronary syndromes: position paper from the joint EHRA, ACCA, and EAPCI task force. Europace 2014; 16:1655-73. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euu208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bulent Gorenek
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
| | | | | | - A. John Camm
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
| | | | - Kurt Huber
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Paulus Kirchhof
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Karl-Heinz Kuck
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
| | | | - Tina Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Antonio Raviele
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Massimo Santini
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
| | | | | | - Marc A. Vos
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
| | | | - Uwe Zeymer
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
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Ghanbari H, Baser K, Yokokawa M, Stevenson W, Della Bella P, Vergara P, Deneke T, Kuck KH, Kottkamp H, Fei S, Morady F, Bogun F. Noninducibility in Postinfarction Ventricular Tachycardia as an End Point for Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation and Its Effects on Outcomes. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2014; 7:677-83. [DOI: 10.1161/circep.113.001404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background—
Although ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation is a widely used therapy for patients with VT, the ideal end points for this procedure are not well defined. We performed a meta-analysis of the published literature to assess the predictive value of noninducibility of postinfarction VT for long-term outcomes after VT ablation.
Methods and Results—
We performed a systematic review of MEDLINE (1950–2013), EMBASE (1988–2013), the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register (Fourth Quarter, 2012), and reports presented at scientific meetings (1994–2013). Randomized controlled trials, case–control, and cohort studies of VT ablation were included. Outcomes reported in eligible studies were freedom from VT/ventricular fibrillation and all-cause mortality. Of the 3895 studies evaluated, we identified 8 cohort studies enrolling 928 patients for the meta-analysis. Noninducibility after VT ablation was associated with a significant increase in arrhythmia-free survival compared with partial success (odds ratio, 0.49; 95% confidence interval, 0.29–0.84;
P
=0.009) or failed ablation procedure (odds ratio, 0.10; 95% confidence interval, 0.06–0.18;
P
<0.001). There was also a significant reduction in all-cause mortality if patients were noninducible after VT ablation compared with patients with partial success (odds ratio, 0.59; 95% confidence interval, 0.36–0.98;
P
=0.04) or failed ablation (odds ratio, 0.32; 95% confidence interval, 0.10–0.99;
P
=0.049).
Conclusions—
Noninducibility of VT after VT ablation is associated with improved arrhythmia-free survival and all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Ghanbari
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.G., K.B., M.Y., F.M., F.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women Hospital, Boston, MA (W.S.); Arrhythmia Unit and Electrophysiology Laboratories, San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy (P.D.B., P.V.); Klinik für Kardiologie II, Herz- und Gefäß-Klinik GmbH, Bad Neustadt, Germany (T.D.); Hanseatisches Herzzentrum, Asklepios Klinik St. Georg, Hamburg, Germany (K
| | - Kazim Baser
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.G., K.B., M.Y., F.M., F.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women Hospital, Boston, MA (W.S.); Arrhythmia Unit and Electrophysiology Laboratories, San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy (P.D.B., P.V.); Klinik für Kardiologie II, Herz- und Gefäß-Klinik GmbH, Bad Neustadt, Germany (T.D.); Hanseatisches Herzzentrum, Asklepios Klinik St. Georg, Hamburg, Germany (K
| | - Miki Yokokawa
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.G., K.B., M.Y., F.M., F.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women Hospital, Boston, MA (W.S.); Arrhythmia Unit and Electrophysiology Laboratories, San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy (P.D.B., P.V.); Klinik für Kardiologie II, Herz- und Gefäß-Klinik GmbH, Bad Neustadt, Germany (T.D.); Hanseatisches Herzzentrum, Asklepios Klinik St. Georg, Hamburg, Germany (K
| | - William Stevenson
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.G., K.B., M.Y., F.M., F.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women Hospital, Boston, MA (W.S.); Arrhythmia Unit and Electrophysiology Laboratories, San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy (P.D.B., P.V.); Klinik für Kardiologie II, Herz- und Gefäß-Klinik GmbH, Bad Neustadt, Germany (T.D.); Hanseatisches Herzzentrum, Asklepios Klinik St. Georg, Hamburg, Germany (K
| | - Paolo Della Bella
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.G., K.B., M.Y., F.M., F.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women Hospital, Boston, MA (W.S.); Arrhythmia Unit and Electrophysiology Laboratories, San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy (P.D.B., P.V.); Klinik für Kardiologie II, Herz- und Gefäß-Klinik GmbH, Bad Neustadt, Germany (T.D.); Hanseatisches Herzzentrum, Asklepios Klinik St. Georg, Hamburg, Germany (K
| | - Pasquale Vergara
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.G., K.B., M.Y., F.M., F.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women Hospital, Boston, MA (W.S.); Arrhythmia Unit and Electrophysiology Laboratories, San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy (P.D.B., P.V.); Klinik für Kardiologie II, Herz- und Gefäß-Klinik GmbH, Bad Neustadt, Germany (T.D.); Hanseatisches Herzzentrum, Asklepios Klinik St. Georg, Hamburg, Germany (K
| | - Thomas Deneke
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.G., K.B., M.Y., F.M., F.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women Hospital, Boston, MA (W.S.); Arrhythmia Unit and Electrophysiology Laboratories, San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy (P.D.B., P.V.); Klinik für Kardiologie II, Herz- und Gefäß-Klinik GmbH, Bad Neustadt, Germany (T.D.); Hanseatisches Herzzentrum, Asklepios Klinik St. Georg, Hamburg, Germany (K
| | - Karl-Heinz Kuck
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.G., K.B., M.Y., F.M., F.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women Hospital, Boston, MA (W.S.); Arrhythmia Unit and Electrophysiology Laboratories, San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy (P.D.B., P.V.); Klinik für Kardiologie II, Herz- und Gefäß-Klinik GmbH, Bad Neustadt, Germany (T.D.); Hanseatisches Herzzentrum, Asklepios Klinik St. Georg, Hamburg, Germany (K
| | - Hans Kottkamp
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.G., K.B., M.Y., F.M., F.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women Hospital, Boston, MA (W.S.); Arrhythmia Unit and Electrophysiology Laboratories, San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy (P.D.B., P.V.); Klinik für Kardiologie II, Herz- und Gefäß-Klinik GmbH, Bad Neustadt, Germany (T.D.); Hanseatisches Herzzentrum, Asklepios Klinik St. Georg, Hamburg, Germany (K
| | - She Fei
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.G., K.B., M.Y., F.M., F.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women Hospital, Boston, MA (W.S.); Arrhythmia Unit and Electrophysiology Laboratories, San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy (P.D.B., P.V.); Klinik für Kardiologie II, Herz- und Gefäß-Klinik GmbH, Bad Neustadt, Germany (T.D.); Hanseatisches Herzzentrum, Asklepios Klinik St. Georg, Hamburg, Germany (K
| | - Fred Morady
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.G., K.B., M.Y., F.M., F.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women Hospital, Boston, MA (W.S.); Arrhythmia Unit and Electrophysiology Laboratories, San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy (P.D.B., P.V.); Klinik für Kardiologie II, Herz- und Gefäß-Klinik GmbH, Bad Neustadt, Germany (T.D.); Hanseatisches Herzzentrum, Asklepios Klinik St. Georg, Hamburg, Germany (K
| | - Frank Bogun
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.G., K.B., M.Y., F.M., F.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women Hospital, Boston, MA (W.S.); Arrhythmia Unit and Electrophysiology Laboratories, San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy (P.D.B., P.V.); Klinik für Kardiologie II, Herz- und Gefäß-Klinik GmbH, Bad Neustadt, Germany (T.D.); Hanseatisches Herzzentrum, Asklepios Klinik St. Georg, Hamburg, Germany (K
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Tilz RR, Makimoto H, Lin T, Rillig A, Deiss S, Wissner E, Mathew S, Metzner A, Rausch P, Kuck KH, Ouyang F. Electrical isolation of a substrate after myocardial infarction: a novel ablation strategy for unmappable ventricular tachycardias--feasibility and clinical outcome. Europace 2014; 16:1040-52. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/eut419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Tilz RR, Makimoto H, Lin T, Rillig A, Metzner A, Mathew S, Deiss S, Wissner E, Rausch P, Kamioka M, Heeger C, Kuck KH, Ouyang F. In vivo left-ventricular contact force analysis: comparison of antegrade transseptal with retrograde transaortic mapping strategies and correlation of impedance and electrical amplitude with contact force. Europace 2014; 16:1387-95. [PMID: 24493339 PMCID: PMC4149607 DOI: 10.1093/europace/eut430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Clinical outcomes following radiofrequency ablation of ventricular tachycardias (VTs) depend on catheter tip-to-tissue contact force (CF). Left-ventricular (LV) mapping is performed via antegrade-transseptal or retrograde-transaortic approaches, and the applied CF may depend on the approach used. This study evaluated (i) the impact of antegrade-transseptal vs. retrograde-transaortic LV-mapping approaches on CF and catheter stability and (ii) the clinical value of the commonly used surrogate markers of catheter-myocardial contact-impedance, unipolar, and bipolar electrogram amplitudes. METHODS AND RESULTS An antegrade-transseptal and a retrograde-transaortic LV-mapping approach was performed in 10 patients undergoing VT ablation by using CF-sensing catheters. Operators were blinded to CF data and data were analysed according to 11 predefined LV segments. Three thousand three hundred and twenty-four mapping points (1577 antegrade, 1747 retrograde) were analysed, including 80 (2.4%) points with maximum CF > 100 g. Median antegrade and retrograde CF were 16.0 g (q1-q3; 8.4-26.2) and 15.3 g (9.8-23.4), respectively. Contact force was significantly higher antegradely in mid-anteroseptum, mid-lateral, and apical segments, and significantly higher retrogradely in basal-anteroseptum, basal-inferoseptum, basal-inferior, and basal-lateral segments. Contact force did correlate with impedance, unipolar, and bipolar electrogram amplitudes; however, there were large overlaps. CONCLUSIONS Antegrade vs. retrograde LV-mapping approaches result in different CF. A combined approach to the LV mapping may improve the overall LV mapping, potentially resulting in better clinical outcomes for the left VT catheter ablation. The previous surrogate markers used to assess CF do correlate with in vivo CF; however, due to a larger overlap, their clinical value is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Richard Tilz
- Department of Cardiology, Asklepios Klinik St Georg, Lohmuehlenstr 5, 20099 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hisaki Makimoto
- Department of Cardiology, Asklepios Klinik St Georg, Lohmuehlenstr 5, 20099 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tina Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Asklepios Klinik St Georg, Lohmuehlenstr 5, 20099 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Rillig
- Department of Cardiology, Asklepios Klinik St Georg, Lohmuehlenstr 5, 20099 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Metzner
- Department of Cardiology, Asklepios Klinik St Georg, Lohmuehlenstr 5, 20099 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Shibu Mathew
- Department of Cardiology, Asklepios Klinik St Georg, Lohmuehlenstr 5, 20099 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Deiss
- Department of Cardiology, Asklepios Klinik St Georg, Lohmuehlenstr 5, 20099 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Erik Wissner
- Department of Cardiology, Asklepios Klinik St Georg, Lohmuehlenstr 5, 20099 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter Rausch
- Department of Cardiology, Asklepios Klinik St Georg, Lohmuehlenstr 5, 20099 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Masashi Kamioka
- Department of Cardiology, Asklepios Klinik St Georg, Lohmuehlenstr 5, 20099 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Heeger
- Department of Cardiology, Asklepios Klinik St Georg, Lohmuehlenstr 5, 20099 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Kuck
- Department of Cardiology, Asklepios Klinik St Georg, Lohmuehlenstr 5, 20099 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Feifan Ouyang
- Department of Cardiology, Asklepios Klinik St Georg, Lohmuehlenstr 5, 20099 Hamburg, Germany
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39
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Tedrow U, Stevenson WG. Sinus Rhythm Targeting of Channels for Ablation of Postinfarction Ventricular Tachycardia. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2014; 7:7-9. [DOI: 10.1161/circep.114.001422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Usha Tedrow
- From Arrhythmia Service of the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - William G. Stevenson
- From Arrhythmia Service of the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
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40
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Abstract
Ventricular tachycardia (VT) may be secondary to many different underlying pathophysiologies. The nature of the underlying disorder determines amenability to catheter ablation, thus, dictating the circumstances under which it should be undertaken. The differing substrates also influence the choice of techniques that are used. The most intensively studied clinical subgroup of VT is re-entrant VT in the setting of ischemic heart disease. The approach to ablation in such patients is discussed in detail. Subsequent discussion focuses on other clinically encountered varieties of VT and the ablation methods used in each individual disease state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Kessler
- University of Chicago, Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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41
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Use of a closed loop irrigated catheter in epicardial ablation of ventricular tachycardia. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2013; 38:35-42. [DOI: 10.1007/s10840-013-9799-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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42
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Mahnkopf C, Halbfass P, Turschner O, Brachmann J. [Use of cardiac MRI in the field of electrophysiology. Present status and future aspects]. Herzschrittmacherther Elektrophysiol 2012; 23:275-80. [PMID: 23132745 DOI: 10.1007/s00399-012-0238-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, ablation therapy has become the first-line treatment of modern electrophysiology in patients with cardiac arrhythmias. Today, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) is an important supportive imaging technique in the implementation of complex electrophysiological investigations and ablation therapy. In clinical routine, cMRI is used not only to generate accurate three-dimensional (3D) models of cavities of the heart but also for visualization of complex anatomical structures. The development of cMRI makes it possible to detect the underlying substrate of complex arrhythmias such as myocardial scar in patients with ventricular tachycardia or the structural remodeling of the left atrium in patients with atrial fibrillation. The opportunity of fusion of the different imaging modalities (e.g., fluoroscopy, cMRI) has become essential for the planning and the implementation of a safe ablation therapy. The possibility of direct visualization of induced lesions using cMRI after and in the long term after ablation can predict the success of therapy and detects potential complications. The continuous research in the field of cMRI and the development of MRI-compatible pacing and ablation catheters provided the basics for performing electrophysiological treatment in humans directly inside the MRI. The implementation of ablation using exact visualization of the anatomical substrate, precise catheter navigation and real-time visualization of lesions in cMRI promises to improve success rates and the safety of complex ablation treatment and may revolutionize electrophysiology in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christan Mahnkopf
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinik für Kardiologie, Angiologie, Pneumologie, Klinikum Coburg, Ketschendorferstr. 33, 96450, Coburg, Deutschland.
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43
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VT ablation in heart failure. Herzschrittmacherther Elektrophysiol 2012; 23:38-44. [PMID: 22410757 DOI: 10.1007/s00399-012-0171-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Accepted: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Ventricular tachycardias (VT), shocks, and clusters of shock are ominous signs in patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators and herald an increased risk of hospitalization and mortality. VT clusters have been associated with aggravation of heart failure (19%), acute coronary events (14%), and electrolyte imbalance (10%). Yet, any association of potential causative factors and aggravation of VT is vague. Maybe, in patients with any substrate for re-entry, progressive aggravation of ventricular dysrhythmias is to be expected. The high recurrence rate of electrical storm despite antiarrhythmic drug therapy supports this view. The optimal timing of VT ablation is unknown, but current convention is to perform VT ablation after shock clusters or incessant VT has occurred. Preemptive VT ablation before VT has occurred is rarely performed (only in 15% of active centers) and the majority of centers never perform VT ablation even after the first shock. Such practice is within guidelines that recommend VT ablation only in ICD patients with recurrent or incessant VT. However, there is strong data in support of preemptive VT ablation.
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44
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DINOV BORISLAV, SCHÖNBAUER ROBERT, WOJDYLA-HORDYNSKA AGNIESKA, BRAUNSCHWEIG FRIEDER, RICHTER SERGIO, ALTMANN DAVID, SOMMER PHILIPP, GASPAR THOMAS, BOLLMANN ANDREAS, WETZEL ULRIKE, ROLF SASCHA, PIORKOWSKI CHRISTOPHER, HINDRICKS GERHARD, ARYA ARASH. Long-Term Efficacy of Single Procedure Remote Magnetic Catheter Navigation for Ablation of Ischemic Ventricular Tachycardia: A Retrospective Study. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2012; 23:499-505. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8167.2011.02243.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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45
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46
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Ponti RD. Role of catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia associated with structural heart disease. World J Cardiol 2011; 3:339-50. [PMID: 22125669 PMCID: PMC3224867 DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v3.i11.339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2011] [Revised: 10/01/2011] [Accepted: 10/08/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In patients with structural heart disease, ventricular tachycardia (VT) worsens the clinical condition and may severely affect the short- and long-term prognosis. Several therapeutic options can be considered for the management of this arrhythmia. Among others, catheter ablation, a closed-chest therapy, can prevent arrhythmia recurrences by abolishing the arrhythmogenic substrate. Over the last two decades, different techniques have been developed for an effective approach to both tolerated and untolerated VTs. The clinical outcome of patients undergoing ablation has been evaluated in multiple studies. This editorial gives an overview of the role, methodology, clinical outcome and innovative approaches in catheter ablation of VT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto De Ponti
- Roberto De Ponti, Department of Heart, Brain and Vessels, Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi, University of Insubria, IT-21100 Varese, Italy
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Andreu D, Berruezo A, Ortiz-Pérez JT, Silva E, Mont L, Borràs R, de Caralt TM, Perea RJ, Fernández-Armenta J, Zeljko H, Brugada J. Integration of 3D Electroanatomic Maps and Magnetic Resonance Scar Characterization Into the Navigation System to Guide Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2011; 4:674-83. [DOI: 10.1161/circep.111.961946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David Andreu
- From the Arrhythmia Section, Cardiology Department, Thorax Institute (D.A., A.B., J.T.O.-P., E.S., L.M., R.B., J.F.-A., H.Z., J.B.) and Radiology Department (T.M.d.C., R.J.P.), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Berruezo
- From the Arrhythmia Section, Cardiology Department, Thorax Institute (D.A., A.B., J.T.O.-P., E.S., L.M., R.B., J.F.-A., H.Z., J.B.) and Radiology Department (T.M.d.C., R.J.P.), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José T. Ortiz-Pérez
- From the Arrhythmia Section, Cardiology Department, Thorax Institute (D.A., A.B., J.T.O.-P., E.S., L.M., R.B., J.F.-A., H.Z., J.B.) and Radiology Department (T.M.d.C., R.J.P.), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Etelvino Silva
- From the Arrhythmia Section, Cardiology Department, Thorax Institute (D.A., A.B., J.T.O.-P., E.S., L.M., R.B., J.F.-A., H.Z., J.B.) and Radiology Department (T.M.d.C., R.J.P.), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lluis Mont
- From the Arrhythmia Section, Cardiology Department, Thorax Institute (D.A., A.B., J.T.O.-P., E.S., L.M., R.B., J.F.-A., H.Z., J.B.) and Radiology Department (T.M.d.C., R.J.P.), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roger Borràs
- From the Arrhythmia Section, Cardiology Department, Thorax Institute (D.A., A.B., J.T.O.-P., E.S., L.M., R.B., J.F.-A., H.Z., J.B.) and Radiology Department (T.M.d.C., R.J.P.), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa María de Caralt
- From the Arrhythmia Section, Cardiology Department, Thorax Institute (D.A., A.B., J.T.O.-P., E.S., L.M., R.B., J.F.-A., H.Z., J.B.) and Radiology Department (T.M.d.C., R.J.P.), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosario Jesús Perea
- From the Arrhythmia Section, Cardiology Department, Thorax Institute (D.A., A.B., J.T.O.-P., E.S., L.M., R.B., J.F.-A., H.Z., J.B.) and Radiology Department (T.M.d.C., R.J.P.), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Fernández-Armenta
- From the Arrhythmia Section, Cardiology Department, Thorax Institute (D.A., A.B., J.T.O.-P., E.S., L.M., R.B., J.F.-A., H.Z., J.B.) and Radiology Department (T.M.d.C., R.J.P.), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hrvojka Zeljko
- From the Arrhythmia Section, Cardiology Department, Thorax Institute (D.A., A.B., J.T.O.-P., E.S., L.M., R.B., J.F.-A., H.Z., J.B.) and Radiology Department (T.M.d.C., R.J.P.), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Brugada
- From the Arrhythmia Section, Cardiology Department, Thorax Institute (D.A., A.B., J.T.O.-P., E.S., L.M., R.B., J.F.-A., H.Z., J.B.) and Radiology Department (T.M.d.C., R.J.P.), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Bernstein SA, Duggirala S, Floberg M, Elfvendal P, Kuznekoff LM, Lader JM, Vasquez C, Morley GE. Spatiotemporal electrophysiological changes in a murine ablation model. Europace 2011; 13:1494-500. [PMID: 21712278 DOI: 10.1093/europace/eur168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS High recurrence rates after complex radiofrequency ablation procedures, such as for atrial fibrillation, remain a major clinical problem. Local electrophysiological changes that occur following cardiac ablation therapy are incompletely described in the literature. The purpose of this study was to determine whether alterations in conduction velocity, action potential duration (APD), and effective refractory period resolve dynamically following cardiac ablation. METHODS AND RESULTS Lesions were delivered to the right ventricle of mice using a subxiphoid approach. The sham-operated control group (SHAM) received the same procedure without energy delivery. Hearts were isolated at 0, 1, 7, 30, and 60 days following the procedure and electrophysiological parameters were obtained using high-resolution optical mapping with a voltage-sensitive dye. Conduction velocity was significantly decreased at the lesion border in the 0, 7, and 30 day groups compared to SHAM. APD(70) at the lesion border was significantly increased at all time points compared to SHAM. Effective refractory period was significantly increased at the lesion border at 0, 1, 7, and 30 days but not at 60 days post-ablation. This study demonstrated that post-ablation electrophysiological changes take place immediately following energy delivery and resolve within 60 days. CONCLUSIONS Cardiac ablation causes significant electrophysiological changes both within the lesion and beyond the border zone. Late recovery of electrical conduction in individual lesions is consistent with clinical data demonstrating that arrhythmia recurrence is associated with failure to maintain bi-directional conduction block.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Bernstein
- The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University School of Medicine, 522 First Avenue, 8th Floor, Smilow Building, New York, NY 10016, USA
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Alzand BSN, Timmermans CCMM, Wellens HJJ, Dennert R, Philippens SAM, Portegijs PJM, Rodriguez LM. Unmappable ventricular tachycardia after an old myocardial infarction. Long-term results of substrate modification in patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2011; 31:149-56. [PMID: 21340515 PMCID: PMC3141830 DOI: 10.1007/s10840-011-9549-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2010] [Accepted: 01/26/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The frequent occurrence of ventricular tachycardia can create a serious problem in patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator. We assessed the long-term efficacy of catheter-based substrate modification using the voltage mapping technique of infarct-related ventricular tachycardia and recurrent device therapy. Methods The study population consisted of 27 consecutive patients (age 68 ± 8 years, 25 men, mean left ventricular ejection fraction 31 ± 9%) with an old myocardial infarction and multiple and/or hemodynamically not tolerated ventricular tachycardia necessitating repeated device therapy. A total of 31 substrate modification procedures were performed using the three-dimensional electroanatomical mapping system. Patients were followed up for a median of 23.5 (interquartile range 6.5–53.2) months before and 37.8 (interquartile range 11.7–71.8) months after ablation. Antiarrhythmic drugs were not changed after the procedure, and were stopped 6 to 9 months after the procedure in patients who did not show ventricular tachycardia recurrence. Results Median ventricular tachycardias were 1.6 (interquartile range 0.7–6.7) per month before and 0.2 (interquartile range 0.00–1.3) per month after ablation (P = 0.006). Nine ventricular fibrillation episodes were registered in seven patients before and two after ablation (P = 0.025). Median antitachycardia pacing decreased from 1.6 (interquartile range 0.01–5.5) per month before to 0.18 (interquartile range 0.00–1.6) per month after ablation (P = 0.069). Median number of shocks decreased from 0.19 (interquartile range 0.04–0.81) per month before to 0.00 (interquartile range 0.00–0.09) per month after ablation (P = 0.001). One patient had a transient ischemic attack during the procedure, and another developed pericarditis. Nine patients died during follow-up, eight patients due to heart failure and one patient during valve surgery. Conclusion Catheter-based substrate modification using voltage mapping results in a long-lasting reduction of cardioverter defibrillator therapy in patients with multiple and/or hemodynamically not tolerated infarct-related ventricular tachyarrhythmia.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S N Alzand
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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The role of catheter ablation for ventricular tachycardia in patients with ischemic heart disease. Curr Opin Cardiol 2011; 26:30-9. [DOI: 10.1097/hco.0b013e328341390b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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