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van Dijck P, Hannemann C, Dreger H, Stangl V, Stangl K, Ludwig A, Hewing B. Increased Expression of Inactive Rhomboid Protein 2 in Circulating Monocytes after Acute Myocardial Infarction. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s12265-024-10519-5. [PMID: 38743187 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-024-10519-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Increased TNF-α levels following acute myocardial infarction (AMI) contribute to impaired recovery of myocardial function. Interaction of inactive rhomboid protein 2 (iRhom2) with TNF-α converting enzyme (TACE) is required for TNF-α shedding from immune cells. We hypothesized that iRhom2 expression increases in circulating monocytes following AMI. Transcript levels of iRhom2, TACE and TNF-α were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR in isolated monocytes of 50 AMI patients at admission (d1) and 3 days (d3) after. We observed a significant increase in levels of iRhom2 mRNA expression in monocytes between d1-3, while TNF-α and TACE mRNA expression remained unchanged. At d3, iRhom2 mRNA expression positively correlated with levels of intermediate monocytes or serum TNF-α, and negatively with LV systolic function. iRhom2 may contribute to regulation of post-infarction inflammation and is associated with LV dysfunction following AMI. iRhom2 modulation should be evaluated as a potential therapeutic strategy to attenuate cardiac remodeling following AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip van Dijck
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Mitte, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carmen Hannemann
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Mitte, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Germany
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Henryk Dreger
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Berlin, Germany
- Structural Heart Interventions Program (SHIP), Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Verena Stangl
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Mitte, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Germany
| | - Karl Stangl
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Mitte, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Germany
| | - Antje Ludwig
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Mitte, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), 10178, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Hewing
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Mitte, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Germany.
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), 10178, Berlin, Germany.
- Zentrum Für Kardiologie, Kardiologische Gemeinschaftspraxis, Muenster, Germany.
- Department of Cardiology III - Adult Congenital and Valvular Heart Disease, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany.
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Rong X, Ge D, Yu L, Li L, Chu M, Lv H. Enalapril attenuates endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial injury induced by myocardial infarction via activation of the TAK1/NFAT pathway in mice. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:972-980. [PMID: 32010259 PMCID: PMC6966191 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the effect of enalapril on myocardial infarction (MI) and its mechanism of action in mice. Treatment with enalapril significantly attenuated cellular apoptosis and death. In vivo, enalapril treatment alleviated MI injury, and decreased myocardial apoptosis and the size of the infarct area. This was paralleled by increased Bcl-2 expression, decreased Bax expression, a decreased caspase-3 level, decreased expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated proteins, including activating transcription factor 6 and 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein, and fewer TUNEL-positive cells in the heart. Furthermore, enalapril-treatment increased transforming growth factor-activated kinase 1/nuclear factor of activated T cells 3 signaling, which protected the myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Rong
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215025, P.R. China.,Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, P.R. China
| | - Donghui Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215025, P.R. China
| | - Lili Yu
- Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, P.R. China
| | - Lei Li
- Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, P.R. China
| | - Maoping Chu
- Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, P.R. China
| | - Haitao Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215025, P.R. China
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Heterotopic Abdominal Rat Heart Transplantation as a Model to Investigate Volume Dependency of Myocardial Remodeling. Transplantation 2017; 101:498-505. [PMID: 27906830 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000001585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Heterotopic abdominal rat heart transplantation has been extensively used to investigate ischemic-reperfusion injury, immunological consequences during heart transplantations and also to study remodeling of the myocardium due to volume unloading. We provide a unique review on the latter and present a summary of the experimental studies on rat heart transplantation to illustrate changes that occur to the myocardium due to volume unloading. We divided the literature based on whether normal or failing rat heart models were used. This analysis may provide a basis to understand the physiological effects of mechanical circulatory support therapy.
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Alam SR, Shah ASV, Richards J, Lang NN, Barnes G, Joshi N, MacGillivray T, McKillop G, Mirsadraee S, Payne J, Fox KAA, Henriksen P, Newby DE, Semple SIK. Ultrasmall superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide in patients with acute myocardial infarction: early clinical experience. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2012; 5:559-65. [PMID: 22875883 DOI: 10.1161/circimaging.112.974907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation following acute myocardial infarction (MI) has detrimental effects on reperfusion, myocardial remodelling, and ventricular function. Magnetic resonance imaging using ultrasmall superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide can detect cellular inflammation in tissues, and we therefore explored their role in acute MI in humans. METHODS AND RESULTS Sixteen patients with acute ST-segment elevation MI were recruited to undergo 3 sequential magnetic resonance scans within 5 days of admission at baseline, 24 and 48 hours following no infusion (controls; n=6) or intravenous infusion of ultrasmall superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide (n=10; 4 mg/kg). T2*-weighted multigradient-echo sequences were acquired and R2* values were calculated for specific regions of interest. In the control group, R2* values remained constant in all tissues across all scans with excellent repeatability (bias of -0.208 s(-1), coefficient of repeatability of 26.96 s(-1); intraclass coefficient 0.989). Consistent with uptake by the reticuloendothelial system, R2* value increased in the liver (84±49.5 to 319±70.0 s(-1); P<0.001) but was unchanged in skeletal muscle (54±8.4 to 67.0±9.5 s(-1); P>0.05) 24 hours after administration of ultrasmall superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide. In the myocardial infarct, R2* value increased from 41.0±12.0 s(-1) (baseline) to 155±45.0 s(-1) (P<0.001) and 124±35.0 s(-1) (P<0.05) at 24 and 48 hours, respectively. A similar but lower magnitude response was seen in the remote myocardium, where it increased from 39±3.2 s(-1) (baseline) to 80±14.9 s(-1) (P<0.001) and 67.0±15.7 s(-1) (P<0.05) at 24 and 48 hours, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Following acute MI, uptake of ultrasmall superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide occurs with the infarcted and remote myocardium. This technique holds major promise as a potential method for assessing cellular myocardial inflammation and left ventricular remodelling, which may have a range of applications in patients with MI and other inflammatory cardiac conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirjel R Alam
- Centre of Cardiovascular Science, Clinical Research Imaging Centre, Edinburgh, UK.
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Vuohelainen V, Raitoharju E, Levula M, Lehtimaki T, Pelto-Huikko M, Honkanen T, Huovila A, Paavonen T, Tarkka M, Mennander A. Myocardial infarction induces early increased remote ADAM8 expression of rat hearts after cardiac arrest. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 2011; 71:553-62. [PMID: 21728900 DOI: 10.3109/00365513.2011.591424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A disintegrin and metalloproteinase-8 (ADAM8) is a potential surrogate of inflammation which has recently been associated with myocardial infarction. We evaluated in a rat cardiac transplantation model whether ischemia-reperfusion injury alone (IRI) or with early regional myocardial infarction (MI) would suffice to induce inflammatory myocardial remodeling and ADAM8 expression. MATERIAL AND METHODS Isogenic heterotopic cardiac transplantation after cardiac arrest was performed to 48 Fischer 344 rats to induce ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), of which 27 rats also underwent ligation of the left anterior coronary artery (LAD) of the heart to yield MI. Histology was performed at 0.5, 24 and 48 h after transplantation. ADAM8 was evaluated by qRT-PCR after graft harvesting. RESULTS After 0.5 and 48 h respectively, edematous intramyocardial artery nuclei and periadventitial inflammation were more prominent in MI after transplantation, as compared with IRI alone and Controls (57.0 vs 40.0 and 5.0; 1.9 vs 1.1 and 0.9, point score units, p < 0.05, respectively). The expression of ADAM-8 was increased in MI as compared with Controls (1.9 vs 1.0, 1.9 fold increase) at 48 h. In grafts with MI, ADAM8 was localized using immunohistochemistry to the vicinity of the area corresponding to the developing infarction as well as in intramyocardial arteries remote to the infarction area. CONCLUSIONS Remote histopathological changes of ischemic cardiac grafts are associated with increased expression of ADAM8 thus emphasizing a global myocardial impact of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilma Vuohelainen
- Heart Center, Cardiac Research, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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Béguin PC, El-Helou V, Gillis MA, Duquette N, Gosselin H, Brugada R, Villeneuve L, Lauzier D, Tanguay JF, Ribuot C, Calderone A. Nestin(+) stem cells independently contribute to neural remodelling of the ischemic heart. J Cell Physiol 2011; 226:1157-65. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Qin Q, Xu R, Dong J, Xia W, Sun R. Evaluation of right ventricle function in children with primary nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Neonatol 2010; 51:166-71. [PMID: 20675241 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-9572(10)60031-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2009] [Revised: 09/01/2009] [Accepted: 09/21/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to evaluate right ventricle (RV) function in children with primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS). METHODS RV hemodynamics were evaluated by Doppler echocardiography in 50 children with PNS (aged 2.5-12 years), either at PNS onset (n = 37) or relapse (n = 13), and in 50 normal controls. Heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, RV enddiastolic and end-systolic volume, RV ejection fraction, RV end-diastolic pressure, RV peak systolic and end-systolic pressure were determined from pressure-volume loops. The maximal rates of RV pressure upstroke and fall (dP/d t(max) and dP/d t(min), respectively) were calculated. Effective pulmonary arterial elastance was calculated as end-systolic pressure divided by stroke volume. Plasma tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) were also measured. RESULTS RV end-diastolic pressure was increased by an average of 20% in 39 of the patients with PNS, whereas RV ejection fraction was reduced by an average of 15% compared with controls (p < 0.05 for both). Cardiac output and stroke volume were maintained, indicating compensation at the expense of increased RV end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes and increased RV filling pressure (p < 0.05). Plasma TNF-alpha was elevated in patients with PNS (326 +/- 117 kU/L vs. 75 +/- 23 kU/L, p < 0.05); IGF-1 was similar in PNS patients and controls. CONCLUSION Right ventricle function was impaired in children with PNS. The characteristics were unrelated to blood pressure and IGF-1, but may be correlated with TNF-alpha and disease duration. Further studies are needed to evaluate the etiology and clinical implications of this abnormality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Qin
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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Pro/Anti-inflammatory cytokine imbalance in postischemic left ventricular remodeling. Mediators Inflamm 2010; 2010:974694. [PMID: 20467464 PMCID: PMC2866240 DOI: 10.1155/2010/974694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2010] [Accepted: 02/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cytokines play an important role in left ventricular remodeling consequent to myocardial ischemia. The aim of this study was to correlate cytokine production and lymphocyte apoptosis to post-ischemic left ventricular remodeling in patients affected by acute myocardial infarction (AMI) undergoing primary cutaneous angioplasty (PCI). METHODS In 40 patients, affected by AMI and undergoing PCI, we evaluated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin 10 (IL10) production and apoptosis on day 1, day 3, day 7, 1 month and 6 months after PCI. Patients were divided into two subgroups of remodeling or not remodeling by echocardiographic criteria. RESULTS In the subgroup of remodeling patients, at each timepoint TNF-alpha production was increased significantly in comparison with the subgroup of not remodeling patients. IL10 production was statistically lower in remodeling subjects than in not remodeling ones 1 and 6 months after reperfusion. There were no differences between the two groups as regards lymphomonocyte apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS We found an increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha and a corresponding decrease of anti-inflammatory/regulatory cytokine IL10 in remodeling patients and we concluded that this cytokine imbalance resulted in pro-inflammatory effects which might contribute to the progression of left ventricular remodeling.
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Matsushima A, Nakamura H, Umemoto S, Matsuzaki M. Regulation of cardiac regeneration by ACE inhibition following donor heart myocardial infarction after heterotopic transplantation in Tg mice. Circ J 2008; 72:793-9. [PMID: 18441461 DOI: 10.1253/circj.72.793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Experimental and clinical evidence have recently shown that pluripotent stem cells can be mobilized using granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (GCSF) and may enhance myocardial regeneration after acute myocardial infarction (MI). The present study investigated the pharmacological role of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition on cardiac regeneration after MI using a mouse model of heterotopic cardiac transplantation and coronary ligation. METHODS AND RESULTS Isogenic heterotopic cardiac transplantations and simultaneous coronary ligations were performed in green fluorescent protein (GFP) mice to produce MI in the donor heart. Five mice in the ligation group were treated with oral perindopril (PE) after the operation. Three mice in the ligation group were treated with subcutaneous GCSF and 4 angiotensin II type1a receptor knockout (AT1aRKO) mice were used as well. At 60 days after the operation, the maximum GFP-positive cell counts in the GCSF group were significantly higher than in the other 4 groups. The maximum GFP-positive cell counts in both the AT1aRKO and ligation & PE groups were significantly higher than in the sham and ligation groups. CONCLUSIONS Pharmacological modification for cardiac regeneration may provide an alternative treatment for subsequent cardiac remodeling in the late phase of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Matsushima
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
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Moreira-Rodrigues M, Roncon-Albuquerque R, Henriques-Coelho T, Lourenço AP, Sampaio-Maia B, Santos J, Pestana M, Leite-Moreira AF. Cardiac remodeling and dysfunction in nephrotic syndrome. Kidney Int 2007; 71:1240-8. [PMID: 17457379 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ki.5002204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
There is an increased incidence of heart disease in patients with chronic nephrotic syndrome (NS), which may be attributable to the malnutrition and activated inflammatory state accompanying the sustained proteinuria. In this study, we evaluated renal function, cardiac morphometry, contractile function, and myocardial gene expression in the established puromycin aminonucleoside nephrosis rat model of NS. Two weeks after aminonucleoside injection, there was massive proteinuria, decreased creatinine clearance, and a negative sodium balance. Skeletal and cardiac muscle atrophy was present and was accompanied by impaired left ventricular (LV) hemodynamic function along with decreased contractile properties of isolated LV muscle strips. The expression of selected cytokines and proteins involved in calcium handling in myocardial tissue was evaluated by real time polymerase chain reaction. This revealed that the expression of interleukin-1beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and phospholamban were elevated, whereas that of cardiac sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum calcium pump protein was decreased. We suggest that protein wasting and systemic inflammatory activation during NS contribute to cardiac remodeling and dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Moreira-Rodrigues
- Unit of Research and Development of Nephrology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Abstract
Because of the anatomy, function, and nonregenerative nature of the myocardium, inflammation in this tissue is not well tolerated. Nevertheless, various diseases of the heart are characterized by inflammatory responses involving the effector mechanisms of innate and adaptive (lymphocyte-dependent) immunity. The innate immune response to ischemia-reperfusion injury is, by far, the most common cause of myocardial inflammation. Innate responses may have beneficial influences that preserve myocardial function in the short term but may be maladaptive in chronic states. Adaptive responses in the myocardium occur with infection or loss of tolerance, and lead to myocarditis. Given the narrow margin for benefit of cardiac inflammation, special regulatory mechanisms likely raise the threshold, compared to other tissues, for the induction and persistence of adaptive immune responses. These mechanisms include strong central and peripheral T cell tolerance to heart antigens and induction of anti-inflammatory feedback mechanisms involving cytokines such as interferon-gamma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviany R Taqueti
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
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Roncon-Albuquerque R, Vasconcelos M, Lourenço AP, Brandão-Nogueira A, Teles A, Henriques-Coelho T, Leite-Moreira AF. Acute changes of biventricular gene expression in volume and right ventricular pressure overload. Life Sci 2005; 78:2633-42. [PMID: 16310223 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2005.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2005] [Accepted: 10/12/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated the effects of acute volume and RV pressure overload on biventricular function and gene expression of BNP, pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha), iNOS, growth factors (IGF-1, ppET-1), ACE and Ca2+-handling proteins (SERCA2a, phospholamban and calsequestrin). METHODS Male Wistar rats (n=45) instrumented with pressure tip micromanometers in right (RV) and left ventricular (LV) cavities were assigned to one of three protocols: i) Acute RV pressure overload induced by pulmonary trunk banding in order to double RV peak systolic pressure, during 120 or 360 min; ii) acute volume overload induced by dextran40 infusion (5 ml/h), during 120 or 360 min; iii) Sham. RV and LV samples were collected for mRNA quantification. RESULTS BNP upregulation was restricted to the overloaded ventricles. TNF-alpha, IL-6, ppET-1, SERCA2a and phospholamban gene activation was higher in volume than in pressure overload. IGF-1 overexpression was similar in both types of overload, but was limited to the RV. TNF-alpha and CSQ mRNA levels were increased in the non-overloaded LV after pulmonary trunk banding. No significant changes were detected in ACE or iNOS expression. RV end-diastolic pressures positively correlated with local expression of BNP, TNF-alpha, IL-6, IGF-1, ppET-1 and SERCA2a, while RV peak systolic pressures correlated only with local expression of IL-6, IGF-1 and ppET-1. CONCLUSIONS Acute cardiac overload alters myocardial gene expression profile, distinctly in volume and pressure overload. These changes correlate more closely with diastolic than with systolic load. Nonetheless, gene activation is also present in the non-overloaded LV of selectively RV overloaded hearts.
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Krzemiński TF, Nozyński JK, Grzyb J, Porc M, Zegleń S, Filas V, Skopińska-Rózewska E, Sommer E, Filewska M. Angiogenesis and cardioprotection after TNFα-inducer-Tolpa Peat Preparation treatment in rat's hearts after experimental myocardial infarction in vivo. Vascul Pharmacol 2005; 43:164-70. [PMID: 16043419 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2005.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2005] [Accepted: 06/08/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the presented work was to evaluate whether short subcutaneous (s.c.) administration of TNFalpha-inducer-Tolpa Peat Preparation (TPP or TPP batch 0210) modulates the process of ischemic remodeling and spontaneous angiogenesis after experimental myocardial infarction (MI) in rats in vivo. The results obtained using three complementary and correlative methods: histological studies, Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) reaction and Lymphocytes Induced Angiogenesis (LIA) test showed a clear pro-angiogenic and cardioprotective effect of TPP administration after experimental MI. TPP batch 0210 should be considered as an angiogenesis stimulating factor and consecutively as a cardioprotective preventing development of ischemic cardiomyopathy after MI in rats. It might possibly be used as an adjunct to conventional therapy of coronary artery disease, including late phase after myocardial infarction or ischemic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadeusz F Krzemiński
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Silesia, 41-808 Zabrze, Jordana 38, Poland.
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Lu L, Chen SS, Zhang JQ, Ramires FJ, Sun Y. Activation of nuclear factor-kappaB and its proinflammatory mediator cascade in the infarcted rat heart. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2004; 321:879-85. [PMID: 15358108 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear transcription factor (NF)-kappaB regulates inflammatory and immune responses by increasing the expression of specific inflammatory genes in various tissues. Whether the infarcted heart includes the activation of NF-kappaB and a proinflammatory mediator cascade that it regulates has not been fully explored. Herein, we monitored the temporal and spatial activation of NF-kappaB, together with expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta(1), in the infarcted rat heart at and remote to MI from day 3 to day 28 following left coronary artery ligation. Compared to the normal heart, we observed NF-kappaB activation, together with the elevated expression of VCAM-1 in endothelial cells, TNF-alpha and TGF-beta(1) in inflammatory cells at sites of repair in the infarcted heart, which started on day 3, peaked on day 7, and gradually declined thereafter. Our findings suggest NF-kappaB activation and its proinflammatory mediator cascade are contributory to the inflammatory response and remodeling that appear at various sites of repair in the infarcted rat heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lu
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee, Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
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Abstract
Inflammatory response and cytokine elaboration are particularly active after myocardial infarction and contribute to cardiac remodeling and eventual host outcome. The triggers of cytokine release in the acute postinfarction period include mechanical deformation, ischemic stimulus, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and cytokine self-amplification pathways. Acutely, the elaboration of tumor necrosis factor, IL-1 and IL-6, transforming growth factor families of cytokines, contribute to survival or deaths of myocytes, modulation of cardiac contractility, alterations of vascular endothelium, and recruitment of additional circulating cells of inflammation to the injured myocardium. This leads to further local oxidative stress and remodeling but also initiates the processes of wound healing. Chronically, sustained presence of cytokines leads to myocyte phenotype transition and activation of matrix metalloproteinases that modifies interstitial matrix, augmenting further the remodeling process. This in turn alters the local collagen composition and also the integrins that constitute the interface between myocytes and the matrix. These processes ultimately, when favorable, pave the way for angiogenesis and cellular regeneration. Thus, the insightful modulation of cytokines through current and future therapies could promote improved healing and cardiac remodeling postmyocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Nian
- Heart & Stroke/RL Centre of Excellence, NCSB11-1266, Toronto General Hospital, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2C4, Canada
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