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Shaygan M, Hosseini FA. Comparison of the effect of psychosocial skills training on acute and chronic musculoskeletal pain intensity: The effectiveness of early intervention in the reduction of acute musculoskeletal pain. Musculoskeletal Care 2022; 20:839-847. [PMID: 35332994 DOI: 10.1002/msc.1635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pain, as a psychological experience, is caused by complex interactions among sensory-discriminative, motivational-affective, and cognitive-evaluative dimensions. The psychosocial approach is one of the important approaches in managing musculoskeletal pain in patients. Therefore, this study aimed to determine and compare the effects of psychosocial skills training on pain intensity in patients with acute and chronic musculoskeletal pain. METHODS In this quasi-experimental study, 64 patients with acute and chronic musculoskeletal pain were selected using convenience sampling. Both groups received psychosocial training in pain management in groups of 8-10 people over six 1-h sessions. The data were collected at baseline, after the intervention, and 3 months later using a numerical rating scale (NRS). Then, the data were entered into the SPSS 22 software and were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. RESULTS In this study, the mean age of the participants was 50.10 ± 10.63 years and 60.9% of them were female. Based on the results, time had a significant effect on pain intensity (p < 0.001), but the effect of group on pain intensity was not statistically significant (p = 0.07). The group × time effect on pain intensity was also statistically significant (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Psychosocial training had a positive impact on the reduction of pain among the patients with acute and chronic musculoskeletal pain. Additionally, the training was more effective in patients with acute pain due to early training. These findings can help healthcare providers in the field of musculoskeletal pain management, especially in patients with acute pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Shaygan
- Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fahimeh A Hosseini
- Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Han C, Xu T, Sheng L, Nie C, Liu J, Ding Z, Hou X. Improving the discomfort and satisfaction of colonoscopy by distraction with smartphones: A prospective randomized controlled study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e23799. [PMID: 33655906 PMCID: PMC7939225 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colonoscopy is an uncomfortable procedure. Distraction is thought to reduce pain by decreasing the amount of attention a person spends on a painful stimulus. We aimed to assess the usefulness of smartphones on discomfort associated with the colonoscopy. METHODS We designated 360 enrolled patients according to prospective randomized controlled study into two groups, including smartphone (SP) group (Relaxation by smartphones) and Control group (No relaxation). Measured outcomes included the discomfort, satisfaction, polyp detection rate and the willingness to repeat colonoscopy were analyzed between groups. RESULTS The pain and distension scores of SP group patients were significantly lower than those of the Control group (2.18 ± 2.80 vs 3.55 ± 3.07, P < .001; 4.15 ± 2.35 vs 4.79 ± 2.36, P = .011, respectively). Importantly, patient-reported satisfaction scores of the SP group were significantly higher than those of the Control group (96.45 ± 7.17 vs 91.12 ± 10.49, respectively; P < .001). Moreover, although there were no statistical differences, patients using smartphones were more likely to have shorter reach cecum times (09m:11 s vs 07m:37 s, P = .116) and more polyp detection rate (13.3% vs 9.4%, P = .246). In addition, more patients using smartphones were willing to repeat colonoscopy but no statistical difference (85.0% vs 81.7%, P = .396). CONCLUSION Patient using smartphone is a special manner to increase satisfaction during colonoscopy with a less discomfort and is more likely to be polyp detection rate.
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Mar CM, Chabal C, Anderson RA, Vore AE. An Interactive Computer Tutorial to Teach Pain Assessment. J Health Psychol 2016; 8:161-73. [DOI: 10.1177/1359105303008001454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Under-treated pain is a significant problem. Health care institutions are under increasing pressure from patients and accreditation bodies to improve staff training in pain management. Pain assessment, a necessary pre-cursor to good pain management, is a complex multi-step process requiring sophisticated understanding and superior communication skills. This article describes the development and usability testing of an interactive, Internet-deliverable, multimedia tutorial to teach best practice pain assessment. The software platform allowed non-programmers to create multimedia tutorials and included the capability to simulate role-plays. The tutorial was designed to actively engage and respond to the learner and to include skills practice. Twenty-five nurses took the tutorial and rated it positively on a usability questionnaire in terms of ease-of-use and learning method.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Charles Chabal
- Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle Division & University of Washington School of Medicine, USA
| | | | - Amy E. Vore
- Talaria, Incorporated, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Caby I, Olivier N, Janik F, Vanvelcenaher J, Pelayo P. A Controlled and Retrospective Study of 144 Chronic Low Back Pain Patients to Evaluate the Effectiveness of an Intensive Functional Restoration Program in France. Healthcare (Basel) 2016; 4:E23. [PMID: 27417611 PMCID: PMC4934576 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare4020023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN A controlled and retrospective study of 144 chronic low back pain patients to evaluate the effectiveness of an intensive functional restoration program in France. OBJECTIVE Evaluating the efficiency of an intensive, dynamic and multidisciplinary functional restoration program in patients with chronic low back pain (LBP), during 6 and 12 months follow up. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Chronic low back pain disease has a multifactor nature, involving physical, psychological professional and social factors. A functional restoration program (FRP) has been included in a multidisciplinary training program which provides an efficient therapeutic solution. However, the effectiveness of an FRP has not been yet established. METHODS 144 subjects (71 males, 73 females) with chronic low back pain were included in a functional restoration program. The FRP includes physiotherapy and occupational therapy interventions together with psychological counselling. Patients participated as in- or outpatients 6 h per day, 5 days a week over 5 weeks. Pain intensity, trunk flexibility, trunk strength, lifting ability, quality of life and return to work were recorded before, immediately after, and at 6 months and 12 months after the treatment period. RESULTS All outcome measures were significantly higher just after the FRP (144 patients) and at 6 and 12 months (from available data in 31 subjects) compared to pre-treatment values. This FRP for chronic low back pain maintained its benefits whatever the patient's activities. CONCLUSIONS The effects reflected on all outcome measures, both on short and long term follow-up. The multidisciplinary FRP for chronic low back pain patients durably stopped the de-conditioning syndrome and involved new life-style habits for the patient, daily pain management and a return to work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Caby
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Cote d'Opale, EA 7369, Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société (URePSSS), F-59000 Lille, France.
- Department of Sports Sciences, University Artois, 62800 Liévin, France.
| | - Nicolas Olivier
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Cote d'Opale, EA 7369, Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société (URePSSS), F-59000 Lille, France.
- Department of Sports Sciences, University Lille, 59790 Ronchin, France.
| | - Frédérick Janik
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Cote d'Opale, EA 7369, Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société (URePSSS), F-59000 Lille, France.
- Department of Sports Sciences, University Artois, 62800 Liévin, France.
| | - Jacques Vanvelcenaher
- Department of Physical Medicine and Readaptation, Functional Re-Education and Rehabilitation Center, "L'Espoir", 59260 Hellemmes, France.
| | - Patrick Pelayo
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Cote d'Opale, EA 7369, Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société (URePSSS), F-59000 Lille, France.
- Department of Sports Sciences, University Lille, 59790 Ronchin, France.
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Stomberg MW, Wickström K, Joelsson H, Sjöström B, Haljamäe H. Postoperative pain management on surgical wards--do quality assurance strategies result in long-term effects on staff member attitudes and clinical outcomes? Pain Manag Nurs 2003; 4:11-22. [PMID: 12707864 DOI: 10.1053/jpmn.2003.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Postoperative pain management (POPM) remains suboptimal on surgical wards in many countries despite the availability of effective analgesics, new technologies for drug administration, and clinical practice guidelines for pain management. The aim of the present study was to assess remaining long-term effects on pain management routines, patient experiences, and staff member attitudes in surgical wards more than 3 years after introduction of a quality assurance program for POPM and compare the findings to those of an organization where a corresponding systematic, entire hospital, quality assurance program had not been completed. A descriptive and comparative design, based on survey data from both patients (N = 110) and staff members (N = 51) on urologic surgery wards, was used. Significant (p <.05 to p <.0002) overall relationships were observed for identified shortages in pain management routines (lack of preoperative information, inadequate preoperative discussions on pain management, wait for pain killer) and reported experience of pain, nausea, or vomiting in the postoperative period. The quality assurance program, anesthesia-based pain services using a nurse-based anesthesiologist-supervised model, resulted in more adequate pain management routines, better patient satisfaction with POPM, and increased confidence in pain management among nurses on the surgical wards. On the basis of the present study it may be concluded that more than 3 years after the introduction of a quality assurance program for POPM in surgical wards, the pain management routines, patient experiences, and staff member attitudes have remained markedly improved and in accordance with the aims of accepted clinical practice guidelines for surgical pain management.
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Frenay MC, Faymonville ME, Devlieger S, Albert A, Vanderkelen A. Psychological approaches during dressing changes of burned patients: a prospective randomised study comparing hypnosis against stress reducing strategy. Burns 2001; 27:793-9. [PMID: 11718981 DOI: 10.1016/s0305-4179(01)00035-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A prospective study was designed to compare two psychological support interventions in controlling peri-dressing change pain and anxiety in severely burned patients. Thirty patients with a total burned surface area of 10-25%, requiring a hospital stay of at least 14 days, were randomised to receive either hypnosis or stress reducing strategies (SRS) adjunctively to routine intramuscular pre-dressing change analgesia and anxiolytic drugs. Visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for anxiety, pain, pain control and satisfaction were recorded at 2-day intervals throughout the 14-day study period, before, during and after dressing changes. The psychological assistance was given on days 8 and 10 after hospital admission. The comparison of the two treatment groups indicated that VAS anxiety scores were significantly decreased before and during dressing changes when the hypnotic technique was used instead of SRS. No difference was observed for pain, pain control and satisfaction, although VAS scores were always better in the hypnosis group. The study also showed that, overall, psychological support interventions reduced pain and increased patient satisfaction. These results confirm the potential benefits of psychological assistance during dressing changes in burned patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Frenay
- Burn Centre, Military Hospital Queen Astrid, Rue Bruyn, 1, 1120, Brussels, Belgium
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Abstract
Imaging ability, defined as the ability to create vivid mental images and to experience those images as if they were almost real, has been suggested as a moderator in effective use of guided imagery for symptom relief. Persons with good imaging ability are thought to be more likely to succeed in relieving a symptom with guided imagery than persons with poor imaging ability. The purpose of this paper is to describe the development of an instrument designed to measure imaging ability, the Imaging Ability Questionnaire (IAQ). A descriptive correlational design was used to conduct item analyses and explore psychometric properties of the IAQ. A total of 200 persons from the Midwest completed a 54-item version of the IAQ. Twenty-two items that failed to discriminate among levels of imaging ability were eliminated from the questionnaire. The final version of the IAQ contained 32 items and demonstrated good internal consistency (alpha =.93) and test-retest reliability (r =.92). Support for construct validity of the questionnaire was provided by demonstrating expected differences in IAQ score between persons for whom imagery worked and persons for whom imagery did not work. Future testing and use of the questionnaire in research and practice are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Kwekkeboom
- University of Iowa, College of Nursing 314 Nursing Building, Iowa City, IA 52242-1121, USA
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Idvall E, Hamrin E, Rooke L, Sjöström B. A tentative model for developing strategic and clinical nursing quality indicators: postoperative pain management. Int J Nurs Pract 1999; 5:216-26. [PMID: 10839032 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-172x.1999.00174.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of a tentative model, based on important aspects of surgical nursing care, for designing strategic and clinical quality indicators. Objective postoperative pain management was chosen for the model because it is a priority area in surgical nursing care. Items within a questionnaire were designed by using the tentative model as a base and by means of a literature review. The questionnaire, directed to clinical nurses (n = 233), was compiled to establish the validity and the usefulness of the indicators. Fourteen items were assessed as essential for achieving high quality outcomes in postoperative pain management (11 as realistic to carry out, and 13 as possible for nurses to influence) with mean scores > or = 4 (on a 5-point scale). The conclusion reached was that the tentative model combined with a literature search was found to be effective for designing items that might be useful as strategic and clinical indicators of quality in postoperative pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Idvall
- Department of Medicine and Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping, Sweden.
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Lembo T, Fitzgerald L, Matin K, Woo K, Mayer EA, Naliboff BD. Audio and visual stimulation reduces patient discomfort during screening flexible sigmoidoscopy. Am J Gastroenterol 1998; 93:1113-6. [PMID: 9672340 DOI: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.1998.00339.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite current recommendations calling for regular screening flexible sigmoidoscopies over the age of 50, only a small percentage of the population have regular examinations. Improving patient tolerance of flexible sigmoidoscopies could therefore increase patient compliance with these recommended guidelines. The aim of this study was to determine whether audio and visual stimulation reduces discomfort during flexible sigmoidoscopy and whether the effects of the stimulation are secondary to distraction. METHODS A total of 37 patients undergoing routine screening flexible sigmoidoscopy were randomized to receive no intervention, audio stimulation alone, or audio and visual stimulation. Patient discomfort ratings and affect states were measured prior to and immediately following flexible sigmoidoscopy using a visual analogue scale and the Stress Symptom Ratings (SSR) ratings. RESULTS Patients receiving audio and visual intervention had lower abdominal discomfort ratings (7.1 +/- 1.4) than patients receiving audio stimulation (9.5 +/- 1.3) or no intervention (10.8 +/- 1.6) (p < 0.05). Patients receiving audio and visual intervention also had higher arousal (7.3 +/- 0.4) and attention (9.2 +/- 0.2) ratings than patients receiving no intervention (6.1 +/- 0.4 and 6.2 +/- 0.7, respectively) (p < 0.05). Anxiety and anger ratings, on the other hand, were significantly lower in patients receiving audio and visual intervention (2.5 +/- 0.4, 1.4 +/- 0.3, respectively) than patients receiving no intervention (4.4 +/- 0.6, 3.6 +/- 0.7). CONCLUSION Audio and visual stimulation reduces abdominal discomfort associated with flexible sigmoidoscopy. This effect appears to be due to distraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Lembo
- Beth Israel Deaconess Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
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Kozarek RA, Raltz SL, Neal L, Wilbur P, Stewart S, Ragsdale J. Prospective trial using Virtual Vision as distraction technique in patients undergoing gastric laboratory procedures. Gastroenterol Nurs 1997; 20:12-4. [PMID: 9136356 DOI: 10.1097/00001610-199701000-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
To determine whether distraction techniques using Virtual Vision, an audiovisual system integrated into a modified pair of glasses, improves tolerance to routine gastric laboratory procedures, a prospective study of 50 patients was done. Patients were allowed to view/hear a travelogue tape during testing. Patients and registered nurses, who performed the procedure, were asked their interpretation of Virtual Vision as a device that improved patient tolerance, impaired the patient's ability to follow directions, or impaired the nurse's ability to perform the procedure. Patients graded the procedure from 1 (unbearable) to 5 (reasonably comfortable) and were asked whether they would use the device for a repeat procedure. For those who had undergone previous procedures, patients were queried regarding their preference for routine testing or Virtual Vision. Improved tolerance to procedures was noted in 82% of the patients as perceived by nurses and patients. Eighteen percent of the nurses and 8% of the patients thought that the auditory insert and glasses impaired the patient's ability to cooperate with the test, whereas 88% and 86%, respectively, thought that Virtual Vision was a valuable distraction technique. Using an ordinal scale for testing tolerance, patients graded their test at a mean of 3.8 (SD 1.25) and 82% expressed a desire to use the system in conjunction with future testing. Twenty-six of 33 patients (79%) who had undergone previous gastric laboratory testing preferred distraction techniques using Virtual Vision to conventional testing. Distraction techniques using a system such as Virtual Vision have the potential to improve patient tolerance to routine gastric laboratory studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Kozarek
- Section of Gastroenterology, Virginia Madison Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98111, USA
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Kessler R, Dane JR. Psychological and hypnotic preparation for anesthesia and surgery: an individual differences perspective. Int J Clin Exp Hypn 1996; 44:189-207. [PMID: 8690533 DOI: 10.1080/00207149608416083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Multiple reviews indicate that psychological preparation for surgery can provide psychological, physiological, and economic benefit to the patient. Research demonstrating that hypnosis adds to this benefit is both limited and encouraging. The content and status of this literature, however, are confusing, with little coherent theoretical basis to account for the contradictions and inconsistencies across multiple studies whose methodologies often limit generalization. A model is presented regarding pertinent individual differences that include patient coping styles, prior medical experiences, and hypnotic ability, as well as differences in types of coping demanded by different surgical procedures. This model (a) helps explain some of the confusion, (b) offers a theoretical focus for patient assessment as well as development and selection of preparation strategies, and (c) clarifies future research goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kessler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgery, Central Vermont Medical Center, Barre 05641, USA
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Holl RM. Surgical cardiac patient characteristics and the amount of analgesics administered in the intensive care unit after extubation. Intensive Crit Care Nurs 1995; 11:192-7. [PMID: 7670286 DOI: 10.1016/s0964-3397(95)80055-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The study investigated relationships between patient characteristics (desire for control, perceived control, perceived social support, state anxiety, gender, weight and age) and the amount of analgesics administered in the intensive care unit after extubation. Subjects included surgical cardiac patients (n = 56) who were predominantly male (75%), Caucasian (89%) and had a mean age of 59 years. The findings showed significant positive relationships between the amount of analgesics administered and state anxiety and weight. Significant negative relationships were found between the amount of analgesics administered and desire for control, perceived control and age. Desire for control, age and state anxiety predicted the amount of analgesics administered. The findings provided insight into analgesic requirement and nursing actions.
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