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Kausar MA, Parveen S, Anwar S, Sadaf, Massey S, El-Horany HES, Khan FH, Shahein M, Husain SA. Cytotoxic potential and metabolomic profiling of alkaloid rich fraction of Tylophora indica leaves. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159505. [PMID: 38729236 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2024.159505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Tylophora indica (Burm f.) Merrill, belong to family Asclepiadaceae, is considered to be a natural remedy with high medicinal benefits. The objective of this work is to assess the metabolomic profile of T. indica leaves enriched in alkaloids, as well as to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxicity of these leaves using the MTT assay on human breast MCF-7 and liver HepG2 cancer cell lines. Dried leaves of T. indica were extracted by sonication, using methanol containing 2 % (v/v) of acetic acid and obtained fraction was characterized by HPTLC and UPLC-MS. The UPLC-MS study yielded a preliminary identification of 32 metabolites, with tylophorine, tylophorine B, tylophorinine, and tylophorinidine being the predominant metabolites. The cytotoxicity of the extract of T. indica was evaluated on HepG2 and MCF-7 cell lines, yielding inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 75.71 μg/mL and 69.60 μg/mL, respectively. Data suggested that the phytochemical screening clearly showed presence of numerous secondary metabolites with moderate cytotoxic efficacy. In conclusion, the future prospects of T. indica appear promising for the advancement of phytopharmaceutical-based anticancer medications, as well as for the design of contemporary pharmaceuticals in the field of cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Adnan Kausar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ha'il, Hail 81411, Saudi Arabia; Medical and Diagnostic Research Centre, University of Ha'il, Hail 55473, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Shabana Parveen
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Okhla, New Delhi 110025, India.
| | - Sadaf Anwar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ha'il, Hail 81411, Saudi Arabia; Medical and Diagnostic Research Centre, University of Ha'il, Hail 55473, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sadaf
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, Okhla, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Sheersh Massey
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Okhla, New Delhi 110025, India.
| | - Hemat El-Sayed El-Horany
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ha'il, Hail 81411, Saudi Arabia; Medical and Diagnostic Research Centre, University of Ha'il, Hail 55473, Saudi Arabia; Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt.
| | - Farida Habib Khan
- Medical and Diagnostic Research Centre, University of Ha'il, Hail 55473, Saudi Arabia; Department of Community and Family Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ha'il, Hail 81411, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mona Shahein
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ha'il, Hail 81411, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Akhtar Husain
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Okhla, New Delhi 110025, India.
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Abass S, Parveen R, Irfan M, Malik Z, Husain SA, Ahmad S. Mechanism of antibacterial phytoconstituents: an updated review. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:325. [PMID: 38913205 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-04035-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
The increase of multiple drug resistance bacteria significantly diminishes the effectiveness of antibiotic armory and subsequently exaggerates the level of therapeutic failure. Phytoconstituents are exceptional substitutes for resistance-modifying vehicles. The plants appear to be a deep well for the discovery of novel antibacterial compounds. This is owing to the numerous enticing characteristics of plants, they are easily accessible and inexpensive, extracts or chemicals derived from plants typically have significant levels of action against infections, and they rarely cause serious adverse effects. The enormous selection of phytochemicals offers very distinct chemical structures that may provide both novel mechanisms of antimicrobial activity and deliver us with different targets in the interior of the bacterial cell. They can directly affect bacteria or act together with the crucial events of pathogenicity, in this manner decreasing the aptitude of bacteria to create resistance. Abundant phytoconstituents demonstrate various mechanisms of action toward multi drug resistance bacteria. Overall, this comprehensive review will provide insights into the potential of phytoconstituents as alternative treatments for bacterial infections, particularly those caused by multi drug resistance strains. By examining the current state of research in this area, the review will shed light on potential future directions for the development of new antimicrobial therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sageer Abass
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
- Centre of Excellence in Unani Medicine (Pharmacognosy and Pharmacology), Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Rabea Parveen
- Centre of Excellence in Unani Medicine (Pharmacognosy and Pharmacology), Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Mohammad Irfan
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Zoya Malik
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
- Centre of Excellence in Unani Medicine (Pharmacognosy and Pharmacology), Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Syed Akhtar Husain
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Sayeed Ahmad
- Centre of Excellence in Unani Medicine (Pharmacognosy and Pharmacology), Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
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Soleimani B, Lehnert H, Trebing S, Habekuß A, Ordon F, Stahl A, Will T. Identification of Markers Associated with Wheat Dwarf Virus (WDV) Tolerance/Resistance in Barley ( Hordeum vulgare ssp. vulgare) Using Genome-Wide Association Studies. Viruses 2023; 15:1568. [PMID: 37515254 PMCID: PMC10385604 DOI: 10.3390/v15071568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Wheat dwarf virus (WDV) causes an important vector transmitted virus disease, which leads to significant yield losses in barley production. Due to the fact that, at the moment, no plant protection products are approved to combat the vector Psammotettix alienus, and this disease cannot be controlled by chemical means, the use of WDV-resistant or -tolerant genotypes is the most efficient method to control and reduce the negative effects of WDV on barley growth and production. In this study, a set of 480 barley genotypes were screened to identify genotypic differences in response to WDV, and five traits were assessed under infected and noninfected conditions. In total, 32 genotypes showed resistance or tolerance to WDV. Subsequently, phenotypic data of 191 out of 480 genotypes combined with 34,408 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were used for a genome-wide association study to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and markers linked to resistance/tolerance to WDV. Genomic regions significantly associated with WDV resistance/tolerance in barley were identified on chromosomes 3H, 4H, 5H, and 7H for traits such as relative virus titer, relative performance of total grain weight, plant height, number of ears per plant, and thousand grain weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Soleimani
- Institute for Resistance Research and Stress Tolerance, Julius Kühn Institute (JKI)-Federal Research Center for Cultivated Plants, Erwin-Baur-Str. 27, 06484 Quedlinburg, Germany
| | - Heike Lehnert
- Institute for Biosafety in Plant Biotechnology, Julius Kühn Institute (JKI)-Federal Research Center for Cultivated Plants, Erwin-Baur-Str. 27, 06484 Quedlinburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Trebing
- Institute for Resistance Research and Stress Tolerance, Julius Kühn Institute (JKI)-Federal Research Center for Cultivated Plants, Erwin-Baur-Str. 27, 06484 Quedlinburg, Germany
| | - Antje Habekuß
- Institute for Resistance Research and Stress Tolerance, Julius Kühn Institute (JKI)-Federal Research Center for Cultivated Plants, Erwin-Baur-Str. 27, 06484 Quedlinburg, Germany
| | - Frank Ordon
- Institute for Resistance Research and Stress Tolerance, Julius Kühn Institute (JKI)-Federal Research Center for Cultivated Plants, Erwin-Baur-Str. 27, 06484 Quedlinburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Stahl
- Institute for Resistance Research and Stress Tolerance, Julius Kühn Institute (JKI)-Federal Research Center for Cultivated Plants, Erwin-Baur-Str. 27, 06484 Quedlinburg, Germany
| | - Torsten Will
- Institute for Resistance Research and Stress Tolerance, Julius Kühn Institute (JKI)-Federal Research Center for Cultivated Plants, Erwin-Baur-Str. 27, 06484 Quedlinburg, Germany
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Donkor MN, Donkor AM, Mosobil R. Combination therapy: synergism among three plant extracts against selected pathogens. BMC Res Notes 2023; 16:83. [PMID: 37210539 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-023-06354-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The synergism among extracts of Senna alata, Ricinus communis, and Lannea barteri, and their anti-infective activities were investigated. The data collected for the antimicrobial activity of the extracts combinations were interpreted to be one of the following categories: synergy; indifferent; additive; or antagonistic. The interpretation was made based on the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) results. FICI of ≤ 0.5 indicates synergism, > 0.5 to 1 indicates additive effects, > 1 to ≤ 4 indifference, and > 4 is considered to be antagonism. RESULTS Compared with the data of the individual extracts, the MIC values of the extract-extract combinations against all strains of the tested microorganisms were significantly lower, ranging from 0.97 to 1.17, 0.97 to 4.69, 0.50 to 1.17, 1.17 to 3.12 and 2.34 to 4.69 mg/mL for Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia and Candida albicans respectively. L. bateri aqueous-S. alata ethanol extracts and S. alata aqueous-R. cummunis ethanol extracts combinations showed a synergy effect against all the test microorganisms. The other combinations exhibited at least one additive effect. Neither antagonism nor indifference activity was observed. This study validates the relevance of combining these plants in treating infections by traditional medicine practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Ntiamoah Donkor
- Department of Biochemistry and Forensic Sciences, School of Chemical and Biochemical Sciences, C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Navrongo, Ghana.
| | - Addai-Mensah Donkor
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana.
| | - Richard Mosobil
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biochemical Sciences, C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Navrongo, Ghana
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Reimche I, Yu H, Ariantari NP, Liu Z, Merkens K, Rotfuß S, Peter K, Jungwirth U, Bauer N, Kiefer F, Neudörfl JM, Schmalz HG, Proksch P, Teusch N. Phenanthroindolizidine Alkaloids Isolated from Tylophora ovata as Potent Inhibitors of Inflammation, Spheroid Growth, and Invasion of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810319. [PMID: 36142230 PMCID: PMC9499467 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), representing the most aggressive form of breast cancer with currently no targeted therapy available, is characterized by an inflammatory and hypoxic tumor microenvironment. To date, a broad spectrum of anti-tumor activities has been reported for phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids (PAs), however, their mode of action in TNBC remains elusive. Thus, we investigated six naturally occurring PAs extracted from the plant Tylophora ovata: O-methyltylophorinidine (1) and its five derivatives tylophorinidine (2), tylophoridicine E (3), 2-demethoxytylophorine (4), tylophoridicine D (5), and anhydrodehydrotylophorinidine (6). In comparison to natural (1) and for more-in depth studies, we also utilized a sample of synthetic O-methyltylophorinidine (1s). Our results indicate a remarkably effective blockade of nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) within 2 h for compounds (1) and (1s) (IC50 = 17.1 ± 2.0 nM and 3.3 ± 0.2 nM) that is different from its effect on cell viability within 24 h (IC50 = 13.6 ± 0.4 nM and 4.2 ± 1 nM). Furthermore, NFκB inhibition data for the additional five analogues indicate a structure–activity relationship (SAR). Mechanistically, NFκB is significantly blocked through the stabilization of its inhibitor protein kappa B alpha (IκBα) under normoxic as well as hypoxic conditions. To better mimic the TNBC microenvironment in vitro, we established a 3D co-culture by combining the human TNBC cell line MDA-MB-231 with primary murine cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) and type I collagen. Compound (1) demonstrates superiority against the therapeutic gold standard paclitaxel by diminishing spheroid growth by 40% at 100 nM. The anti-proliferative effect of (1s) is distinct from paclitaxel in that it arrests the cell cycle at the G0/G1 state, thereby mediating a time-dependent delay in cell cycle progression. Furthermore, (1s) inhibited invasion of TNBC monoculture spheroids into a matrigel®-based environment at 10 nM. In conclusion, PAs serve as promising agents with presumably multiple target sites to combat inflammatory and hypoxia-driven cancer, such as TNBC, with a different mode of action than the currently applied chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Reimche
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health Research and Education, University of Osnabrück, 49090 Osnabrück, Germany
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Haiqian Yu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ni Putu Ariantari
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University, Bali 80361, Indonesia
| | - Zhen Liu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kay Merkens
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, 50923 Cologne, Germany
| | - Stella Rotfuß
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health Research and Education, University of Osnabrück, 49090 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Karin Peter
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health Research and Education, University of Osnabrück, 49090 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Ute Jungwirth
- Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Therapeutic Innovation, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Nadine Bauer
- European Institute of Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Friedemann Kiefer
- European Institute of Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | | | | | - Peter Proksch
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nicole Teusch
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health Research and Education, University of Osnabrück, 49090 Osnabrück, Germany
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-211-81-14163
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Rai V, Pogu SV, Bhatnagar R, Bomzan P, Dutta A, Mandal A, Roy MN, Kumar A, Ghosh S. Biological evaluation of a natural steroid ester, Stigmasta-5(6), 22(23)-dien-3-beta-yl acetate isolated from the Himalayan herb Astilbe rivularis as potential antitumor agent. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 360:109935. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abookleesh FL, Al-Anzi BS, Ullah A. Potential Antiviral Action of Alkaloids. Molecules 2022; 27:903. [PMID: 35164173 PMCID: PMC8839337 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral infections and outbreaks have become a major concern and are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The development of successful antiviral therapeutics and vaccines remains a daunting challenge. The discovery of novel antiviral agents is a public health emergency, and extraordinary efforts are underway globally to identify safe and effective treatments for different viral diseases. Alkaloids are natural phytochemicals known for their biological activities, many of which have been intensively studied for their broad-spectrum of antiviral activities against different DNA and RNA viruses. The purpose of this review was to summarize the evidence supporting the efficacy of the antiviral activity of plant alkaloids at half-maximum effective concentration (EC50) or half-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) below 10 μM and describe the molecular sites most often targeted by natural alkaloids acting against different virus families. This review highlights that considering the devastating effects of virus pandemics on humans, plants, and animals, the development of high efficiency and low-toxicity antiviral drugs targeting these viruses need to be developed. Furthermore, it summarizes the current research status of alkaloids as the source of antiviral drug development, their structural characteristics, and antiviral targets. Overall, the influence of alkaloids at the molecular level suggests a high degree of specificity which means they could serve as potent and safe antiviral agents waiting for evaluation and exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frage L. Abookleesh
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada;
| | - Bader S. Al-Anzi
- Department of Environment Technologies and Management, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Kuwait City 13060, Kuwait;
| | - Aman Ullah
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada;
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Chummun I, Bekah D, Goonoo N, Bhaw-Luximon A. Assessing the mechanisms of action of natural molecules/extracts for phase-directed wound healing in hydrogel scaffolds. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:1476-1490. [PMID: 34671732 PMCID: PMC8459329 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00100k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are proving to be very versatile as wound healing devices. In addition to their capabilities of providing a moist cellular environment and adaptive mechanical properties mimicking the extracellular matrix, they allow the incorporation of small molecules, which have potential impacts on cellular behaviour, in their nanostructures. This strategy can allow for specific targeting of the different stages of wound healing namely hemostasis, inflammation, and proliferative and remodelling phases. The latter include interlinked processes such as angiogenesis, collagen synthesis, growth factor release, collagen maturation and re-epithelialization. In this review, we attempt to match the mechanisms of action of natural molecules/extracts to the different stages of wound healing so that they can be used in a novel approach of multiphase-directed tissue regeneration using loaded hydrogel scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itisha Chummun
- Biomaterials, Drug Delivery and Nanotechnology Unit, Centre for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research (CBBR), University of Mauritius 80837 Réduit Mauritius
| | - Devesh Bekah
- Biomaterials, Drug Delivery and Nanotechnology Unit, Centre for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research (CBBR), University of Mauritius 80837 Réduit Mauritius
| | - Nowsheen Goonoo
- Biomaterials, Drug Delivery and Nanotechnology Unit, Centre for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research (CBBR), University of Mauritius 80837 Réduit Mauritius
| | - Archana Bhaw-Luximon
- Biomaterials, Drug Delivery and Nanotechnology Unit, Centre for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research (CBBR), University of Mauritius 80837 Réduit Mauritius
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Beddiar H, Boudiba S, Benahmed M, Tamfu AN, Ceylan Ö, Hanini K, Kucukaydin S, Elomri A, Bensouici C, Laouer H, Akkal S, Boudiba L, Dinica RM. Chemical Composition, Anti-Quorum Sensing, Enzyme Inhibitory, and Antioxidant Properties of Phenolic Extracts of Clinopodium nepeta L. Kuntze. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:1955. [PMID: 34579487 PMCID: PMC8468494 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic extracts of Clinopodium nepeta were prepared and their preliminary phenolic profiles determined using HPLC-DAD with 26 phenolic standards. Apigenin (21.75 ± 0.41 µg/g), myricetin (72.58 ± 0.57 µg/g), and rosmarinic acid (88.51 ± 0.55 µg/g) were the most abundant compounds in DCM (dichloromethane), AcOEt (ethyl acetate), and BuOH (butanol) extracts, respectively. The DCM and AcOEt extracts inhibited quorum-sensing mediated violacein production by C. violaceum CV12472. Anti-quorum-sensing zones on C. violaceum CV026 at MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration) were 10.3 ± 0.8 mm for DCM extract and 12.0 ± 0.5 mm for AcOEt extract. Extracts showed concentration-dependent inhibition of swarming motility on flagellated P. aeruginosa PA01 and at the highest test concentration of 100 μg/mL, AcOEt (35.42 ± 1.00%) extract displayed the best activity. FRAP assay indicated that the BuOH extract (A0.50 = 17.42 ± 0.25 µg/mL) was more active than standard α-tocopherol (A0.50 = 34.93 ± 2.38 µg/mL). BuOH extract was more active than other extracts except in the ABTS●+, where the DCM extract was most active. This antioxidant activity could be attributed to the phenolic compounds detected. C. nepeta extracts showed moderate inhibition on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), tyrosinase, and α-amylase. The results indicate that C. nepeta is a potent source of natural antioxidants that could be used in managing microbial resistance and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatem Beddiar
- Laboratory of Organic Materials and Heterochemistry, Tebessa University, Constantine Road, Tebessa 12002, Algeria; (H.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Sameh Boudiba
- Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Applications, Tebessa University, Constantine Road, Tebessa 12002, Algeria; (S.B.); (K.H.)
| | - Merzoug Benahmed
- Laboratory of Organic Materials and Heterochemistry, Tebessa University, Constantine Road, Tebessa 12002, Algeria; (H.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Alfred Ngenge Tamfu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Mineral Industries, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere 454, Cameroon
- Food Quality Control and Analysis Program, Ula Ali Kocman Vocational School, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla 48147, Turkey;
| | - Özgür Ceylan
- Food Quality Control and Analysis Program, Ula Ali Kocman Vocational School, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla 48147, Turkey;
| | - Karima Hanini
- Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Applications, Tebessa University, Constantine Road, Tebessa 12002, Algeria; (S.B.); (K.H.)
| | - Selcuk Kucukaydin
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Koycegiz Vocational School of Health Services, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla 48800, Turkey;
| | - Abdelhakim Elomri
- CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France;
| | - Chawki Bensouici
- Research Center on Biotechnology, Ali Mendjli New City UV 03, BP E73, Constantine 25000, Algeria;
| | - Hocine Laouer
- Laboratory for the Valorization of Natural Biological Resources, Ferhat Abbas University, UFA-Setif 1, Setif 19000, Algeria;
| | - Salah Akkal
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Physicochemical and Biological Analyses, Mentouri University, Ain El Bey Road, Constantine 25000, Algeria;
| | - Louiza Boudiba
- Laboratory of Water and Environment, Tebessa University, Constantine Road, Tebessa 12002, Algeria;
| | - Rodica Mihaela Dinica
- Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, Dunarea de Jos University, 47 Domneasca Str., 800008 Galati, Romania
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10
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Patel A, Vanecha R, Patel J, Patel D, Shah U, Bambharoliya T. Development of Natural Bioactive Alkaloids: Anticancer perspective. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 22:200-212. [PMID: 34254913 DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666210712111331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a frightful disease that still poses a 'nightmare' worldwide, causing millions of casualties annually due to one of the human race's most significant healthcare challenges that requires a pragmatic treatment strategy. However, plants and plant-derived products revolutionize the field as they are quick, cleaner, eco-friendly, low-cost, effective, and less toxic than conventional treatment methods. Plants are repositories for new chemical entities and have a promising cancer research path, supplying 60% of the anticancer agents currently used. Alkaloids are important chemical compounds that serve as a rich reservoir for drug discovery and development. However, some alkaloids derived from natural herbs display anti-proliferation and antimetastatic activity on different forms of cancer, both in vitro and in vivo. Alkaloids have also been widely formulated as anticancer medications, such as camptothecin and vinblastine. Still, more research and clinical trials are required before final recommendations can be made on specific alkaloids. This review focuses on the naturally-derived bioactive alkaloids with prospective anticancer properties based on the information in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Patel
- Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, CHARUSAT-Campus, Changa-388421, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Ravi Vanecha
- Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, CHARUSAT-Campus, Changa-388421, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Jay Patel
- Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, CHARUSAT-Campus, Changa-388421, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Divy Patel
- Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, CHARUSAT-Campus, Changa-388421, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Umang Shah
- Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, CHARUSAT-Campus, Changa-388421, Anand, Gujarat, India
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Omran Z, Guise CP, Chen L, Rauch C, Abdalla AN, Abdullah O, Sindi IA, Fischer PM, Smaill JB, Patterson AV, Liu Y, Wang Q. Design, Synthesis and In-Vitro Biological Evaluation of Antofine and Tylophorine Prodrugs as Hypoxia-Targeted Anticancer Agents. Molecules 2021; 26:3327. [PMID: 34206005 PMCID: PMC8199124 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenanthroindolizidines, such as antofine and tylophorine, are a family of natural alkaloids isolated from different species of Asclepiadaceas. They are characterized by interesting biological activities, such as pronounced cytotoxicity against different human cancerous cell lines, including multidrug-resistant examples. Nonetheless, these derivatives are associated with severe neurotoxicity and loss of in vivo activity due to the highly lipophilic nature of the alkaloids. Here, we describe the development of highly polar prodrugs of antofine and tylophorine as hypoxia-targeted prodrugs. The developed quaternary ammonium salts of phenanthroindolizidines showed high chemical and metabolic stability and are predicted to have no penetration through the blood-brain barrier. The designed prodrugs displayed decreased cytotoxicity when tested under normoxic conditions. However, their cytotoxic activity considerably increased when tested under hypoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziad Omran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Department, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chris P. Guise
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (C.P.G.); (J.B.S.); (A.V.P.)
| | - Linwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (L.C.); (Y.L.); (Q.W.)
| | - Cyril Rauch
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, College Road, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK;
| | - Ashraf N. Abdalla
- College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia; (A.N.A.); (O.A.)
| | - Omeima Abdullah
- College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia; (A.N.A.); (O.A.)
| | - Ikhlas A. Sindi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Peter M. Fischer
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK;
| | - Jeff B. Smaill
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (C.P.G.); (J.B.S.); (A.V.P.)
| | - Adam V. Patterson
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (C.P.G.); (J.B.S.); (A.V.P.)
| | - Yuxiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (L.C.); (Y.L.); (Q.W.)
| | - Qingmin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (L.C.); (Y.L.); (Q.W.)
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Allemailem KS. Antimicrobial Potential of Naturally Occurring Bioactive Secondary Metabolites. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2021; 13:155-162. [PMID: 34349474 PMCID: PMC8291113 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_753_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of traditional medicines of natural origin has been prevalent since ancient times globally as the plants produce a great diversity in their secondary metabolites. The naturally occurring bioactive constituents in food and other plant materials have shown widespread attention for their use as alternative medicine to prevent and cure microbial growth with the least toxic manifestations. The inclusion of these contents revealed their crucial role to improve the therapeutic efficacy of the classical drugs against various pathogenic microorganisms. Furthermore, several metabolites have also been explored in combination with antimicrobial agents to overcome the problems associated with drug resistance. This current review discusses the antimicrobial activities of secondary metabolites as well as their role in drug sensitivity against multiple-drug resistant pathogenic microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled S Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
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Sharma V, Kamal R, Kumar D, Kumar V. Indolizidine Alkaloids: Prospective Lead Molecules in Medicinal Chemistry. CURRENT TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/2215083805666190617145228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Natural products are well known for their therapeutic properties. The primary reason
for their therapeutic effectiveness is the presence of secondary plant metabolites like alkaloids,
glycosides, flavonoids etc. All these metabolites are generally classified as per their
chemical structures. Similarly, diversified alkaloids are classified as per the chemical moieties
like indole, quinoline, Isoquinoline, indolizine etc. Alkaloids having indolizidine moiety
are well known for their biological actions. In this review, indolizidine alkaloids like
antofine, castanospermine, swainsonine, tylophorine, gephyrotoxins, lentiginosine,
pergularinine etc. and their derivatives have been discussed. Furthermore, important points
related to the structure-activity relationship of selected alkaloids are also summarized. All
these studies indicate the lead potential of indolizidine alkaloids that in turn could be effective
for future drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Sharma
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, India
| | - Raj Kamal
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra-136119, Haryana, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra-136119, Haryana, India
| | - Vipan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra-136119, Haryana, India
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Tao H, Zuo L, Xu H, Li C, Qiao G, Guo M, Lin X. Alkaloids as Anticancer Agents: A Review of Chinese Patents in Recent 5 Years. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2021; 15:2-13. [PMID: 32003702 DOI: 10.2174/1574892815666200131120618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, many novel alkaloids with anticancer activity have been found in China, and some of them are promising for developing as anticancer agents. OBJECTIVE This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the information about alkaloid anticancer agents disclosed in Chinese patents, and discusses their potential to be developed as anticancer drugs used clinically. METHODS Anticancer alkaloids disclosed in Chinese patents in recent 5 years were presented according to their mode of actions. Their study results published on PubMed, and SciDirect databases were presented. RESULTS More than one hundred anticancer alkaloids were disclosed in Chinese patents and their mode of action referred to arresting cell cycle, inhibiting protein kinases, affecting DNA synthesis and p53 expression, etc. Conclusion: Many newly found alkaloids displayed potent anticancer activity both in vitro and in vivo, and some of the anticancer alkaloids acted as protein kinase inhibitors or CDK inhibitors possess the potential for developing as novel anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Tao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ling Zuo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Huanli Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Cong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Gan Qiao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Mingyue Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Xiukun Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Sichuan 646000, China
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15
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Anticancer natural medicines: An overview of cell signaling and other targets of anticancer phytochemicals. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 888:173488. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Gururani R, Patel S, Yaduvanshi N, Dwivedi J, Paliwal S, Sharma S. Tylophora indica (Burm. f.) merr: An insight into phytochemistry and pharmacology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 262:113122. [PMID: 32730871 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Tylophora indica (Burm. f.) Merr. commonly known as ananthamool is a climbing perennial plant which is widely used in Indian traditional medicine. T. indica exhibits diverse range of pharmacological activities viz. antiasthmatic, antidiarrheal, anticancer, antiarthritic, antiepileptic, anti-inflammatory etc. AIM OF THE STUDY: Present review aims to grant an up-to-date insight into the botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of T. indica, exploring its future research and opportunities. MATERIAL AND METHODS Comprehensive information regarding T. indica was collected using the keywords Tylophora indica or Indian ipecac or ananthamool in various electronic databases ACS, Google Scholar, Pubmed, Science Direct, SciFinder, Web of Science, Springer Link and Wiley. In addition, some books and book chapters were also consulted. RESULTS T. indica has been traditionally used in India, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka in the form of various preparations like powder, decoction, pulp, paste and extract alone or in combination with other herbs against various ailments like skin disorders, inflammation, cough, asthma, diarrhea, cancer, microbial infections etc. In vitro and in vivo pharmacological studies on T. indica revealed its potential as antiasthmatic, antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiarrheal agent etc. A diverse range of phytochemical constituents have been isolated and identified from T. indica namely alkaloids (Tylophorine, Tylophorinine, Tylophorinidine), flavonoids (Kaempferol & Quercetin) terpenoids (α-Amyrin & β-Amyrin) and sterols (β-sitosetrol). Amongst which phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids isolated from roots and leaves are largely explored and considered to be the most active constituent of plant. CONCLUSION Present review provides an insight into botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of T. indica. As an important traditional Indian medicine, few ethnobotanicals use of T. indica have been supported by modern pharmacological studies, especially in asthma, cancer and inflammation. Among compounds from various phytochemical classes, phenanthoindolizidine alkaloids namely tylophorine and tylophorinidine alkaloids have been considered as bioactive components of the plant and widely investigated. However, further identification, isolation and quantification employing some advanced hyphenated techniques viz. LC-MS/MS, LC-NMR to discover new pharmacologically active phytoconstituents in the management of different diseases. Several investigators have highlighted possible therapeutic roles of T. indica extracts and isolated compounds. Moreover, information about various aspects of T. indica pertaining to phytochemistry, toxicology and quality control are still unresolved. Further in-depth studies are required to discover key features viz. structure activity relationships, mode of action, safety and toxicity and therapeutic potentials T. indica in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritika Gururani
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Saraswati Patel
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Neetu Yaduvanshi
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Jaya Dwivedi
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Sarvesh Paliwal
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Swapnil Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan, India.
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17
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Mang Z, Zhang S, Bai J, Li M, Li H. Design, Synthesis and in Vitro Evaluation of Tylophorine Derivatives as Possible Antitumor Agents. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e2000066. [PMID: 32567792 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Structural simplification and modification of natural products are always very important resources to antitumor drugs. By introducing various aminomethyl groups and amide groups into the phenanthrene ring of tylophorine, a novel series of tylophorine derivatives have been designed and synthesized, and their antiproliferative activities against MCF-7, A549 and HepG-2 cells have been evaluated, too. The results indicated that most of the prepared compounds exhibited good antitumor activities. Especially, one compound with an {ethyl[2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]amino}methyl group at the side chain exhibited the most significant cytotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Mang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, and School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, and School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Jing Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, and School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China.,School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongqing South Road, Guizhou, 550025, P. R. China
| | - Meijuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, and School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, and School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
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18
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Baker DA. Plants against Helicobacter pylori to combat resistance: An ethnopharmacological review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 26:e00470. [PMID: 32477900 PMCID: PMC7248673 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide, Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is regarded as the major etiological agent of peptic ulcer and gastric carcinoma. Claiming about 50 percent of the world population is infected with H. pylori while therapies for its eradication have failed because of many reasons including the acquired resistance against its antibiotics. Hence, the need to find new anti-H.pylori medications has become a hotspot with the urge of searching for alternative, more potent and safer inhibitors. In the recent drug technology scenario, medicinal plants are suggested as repositories for novel synthetic substances. Hitherto, is considered as ecofriendly, simple, more secure, easy, quick, and less toxic traditional treatment technique. This review is to highlight the anti-H. pylori medicinal plants, secondary metabolites and their mode of action with the aim of documenting such plants before they are effected by cultures and traditions that is expected as necessity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doha Abou Baker
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Dept., Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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19
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Tylophorine: Sources, Properties, Applications and Biotechnological Production. PLANT-DERIVED BIOACTIVES 2020. [PMCID: PMC7211505 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-1761-7_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Tylophora indica, a medicinal climber, belongs to the family, Asclepiadaceae. Roots and leaves of the plant contain several alkaloids including tylophorine, tylophorinine and tylophrinidine. The major alkaloid, tylophorine found in T. indica possesses several properties, such as immunosuppressive, antitumour, antifeedant, antibacterial, antifungal, antiamoebic, diuretic and hepatoprotective activities. In addition to this, tylophorine provides positive stimulation to adrenal cortex. Biotechnological production of tylophorine was fulfilled by inducing hairy roots mediated by Agrobacterium rhizogenes (A4 strain). It was followed by its growth in liquid suspension culture that could yield maximum biomass and tylophorine production. This type of liquid suspension culture yielded 9.8 ± 0.21 mgL−1 tylophorine within 4–6 weeks of incubation. Maceration technique employed for the extraction of tylophorine was the most viable and efficient protocol. Although many reports are available regarding the biotechnological production of tylophorine, its competent and economic production still continues as a problematic issue.
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Bach DH, Lee SK. The Potential Impacts of Tylophora Alkaloids and their Derivatives in Modulating Inflammation, Viral Infections, and Cancer. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:4709-4725. [PMID: 30047325 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180726123339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer chemotherapies or antitumor agents mainly remain the backbone of current treatment based on killing the rapidly dividing cancer cell such as tylophora alkaloids and their analogues which have also demonstrated anticancer potential through diverse biological pathways including regulation of the immune system. The introduction of durable clinically effective monoclonal antibodies, however, unmasked a new era of cancer immunotherapies. Therefore, the understanding of cancer pathogenesis will provide new possible treatment options, including cancer immunotherapy and targeted agents. Combining cytotoxic agents and immunotherapies may offer several unique advantages that are complementary to and potentially synergistic with biologic modalities. Herein, we highlight the dynamic mechanism of action of immune modulation in cancer and the immunological aspects of the orally active antitumor agents tylophora alkaloids and their analogues. We also suggest that future cancer treatments will rely on the development of combining tumor-targeted agents and biologic immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc-Hiep Bach
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Kook Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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21
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The Biological Activity of Natural Alkaloids against Herbivores, Cancerous Cells and Pathogens. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11110656. [PMID: 31717922 PMCID: PMC6891610 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11110656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing incidence of microorganisms that resist antimicrobials is a constant concern for the scientific community, while the development of new antimicrobials from new chemical entities has become more and more expensive, time-consuming, and exacerbated by emerging drug-resistant strains. In this regard, many scientists are conducting research on plants aiming to discover possible antimicrobial compounds. The secondary metabolites contained in plants are a source of chemical entities having pharmacological activities and intended to be used for the treatment of different diseases. These chemical entities have the potential to be used as an effective antioxidant, antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic and antimicrobial agents. Among these pharmacologically active entities are the alkaloids which are classified into a number of classes, including pyrrolizidines, pyrrolidines, quinolizidines, indoles, tropanes, piperidines, purines, imidazoles, and isoquinolines. Alkaloids that have antioxidant properties are capable of preventing a variety of degenerative diseases through capturing free radicals, or through binding to catalysts involved indifferent oxidation processes occurring within the human body. Furthermore, these entities are capable of inhibiting the activity of bacteria, fungi, protozoan and etc. The unique properties of these secondary metabolites are the main reason for their utilization by the pharmaceutical companies for the treatment of different diseases. Generally, these alkaloids are extracted from plants, animals and fungi. Penicillin is the most famous natural drug discovery deriving from fungus. Similarly, marines have been used as a source for thousands of bioactive marine natural products. In this review, we cover the medical use of natural alkaloids isolated from a variety of plants and utilized by humans as antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal and anticancer agents. An example for such alkaloids is berberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid, found in roots and stem-bark of Berberis asculin P. Renault plant and used to kill a variety of microorganisms.
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Xin Z, OuYang Q, Wan C, Che J, Li L, Chen J, Tao N. Isolation of antofine from Cynanchum atratum BUNGE (Asclepiadaceae) and its antifungal activity against Penicillium digitatum. POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2019.110961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Omran Z, Abdalla AN, Ibrahim MM, Hossain MA, Alarja M, Chen L, Liu Y, Wang Q. Boronic Analogues of (R)-6-O-Desmethylantofine as Anticancer Agents. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2019; 67:1324-1327. [PMID: 31564698 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c19-00692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Phenanthroindolizidines are naturally occurring alkaloids mainly isolated from different species of Asclepiadaceae. These alkaloids are characterized by an excellent anticancer activity against a very wide range of cancerous cell lines including those who are multi drug resistant. Nevertheless, phenanthroindolizidines are associated with sever neurotoxicity that prevented any candidate from this family to pass the clinical trials. A number of boron-based analogues of (R)-6-O-desmethylantofine have been synthesised. Their physochemical properties were evaluated, same as their in-vitro antiproliferative activity. The pinacol boronate ester derivative (3) showed interesting cytotoxicity against a panel of cancerous cell lines attested by a cancer cell growth-inhibitory potency (GI50) as low as 30 nM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziad Omran
- College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University
| | | | | | | | | | - Linwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University
| | - Yuxiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University
| | - Qingmin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University
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24
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Design, synthesis, and biological activity evaluation of (-)-6-O-desmethylantofine analogues as potent anti-cancer agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:3070-3081. [PMID: 31171403 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids that possess profound anti-proliferative activity and unique mode of action have recently attracted much attention as potential anti-cancer drug candidates. To intensively study the structure-activity-relationship, we designed, synthesized, and evaluated a series of derivatives of 6-desmethylantofine at C-6 position. Most of the derivatives exhibited potent anti-proliferative activity in BEL-7402 and HL60cells. Compound R-12, the cyanomethyl ether of 6-desmethylantofine, exhibited significant anti-cancer activity and inhibited the proliferation of a panel of 30 cancer cell lines including 2 multi-drug-resistant cell lines with an average IC50 value of 18.7 nM, which suggests that R-12 is a promising new anti-cancer agent. Our studies suggest that R-12 displayed potent inhibitory effect on cell growth and colony formation, which is associated with delaying S phase progression by inhibiting DNA synthesis in human hepatoma cancer BEL-7402, SMMC-7721 and ZIP-177 cells.
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25
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Mondal A, Gandhi A, Fimognari C, Atanasov AG, Bishayee A. Alkaloids for cancer prevention and therapy: Current progress and future perspectives. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 858:172472. [PMID: 31228447 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alkaloids are important chemical compounds that serve as a rich source for drug discovery. Numerous alkaloids screened from medicinal plants and herbs showed antiproliferative and anticancer effects on wide category of cancers both in vitro and in vivo. Vinblastine, vinorelbine, vincristine, and vindesine have already been successfully developed as anticancer drugs. The available and up-to-date information on the ethnopharmacological uses in traditional medicine, phytochemistry, pharmacology and clinical utility of alkaloids were collected using various resources (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and Springerlink). In this article, we provide a comprehensive and critical overview on naturally-occurring alkaloids with anticancer activities and highlight the molecular mechanisms of action of these secondary metabolites. Furthermore, this review also presents a summary of synthetic derivatives and pharmacological profiles useful to researchers for the therapeutic development of alkaloids. Based on the literature survey compiled in this review, alkaloids represent an important group of anticancer drugs of plant origin with enormous potential for future development of drugs for cancer therapy and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Mondal
- Department of Pharmacy, NSHM Knowledge Campus, Kolkata-Group of Institutions, Kolkata, 700 053, West Bengal, India.
| | - Arijit Gandhi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bengal College of Pharmaceutical Science and Research, Durgapur, 713 212, West Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - Carmela Fimognari
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921, Rimini, Italy
| | - Atanas G Atanasov
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552, Jastrzebiec, Poland; Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 23 Acad. G. Bonchev Street, Sofia, 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA.
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Othman L, Sleiman A, Abdel-Massih RM. Antimicrobial Activity of Polyphenols and Alkaloids in Middle Eastern Plants. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:911. [PMID: 31156565 PMCID: PMC6529554 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic-resistant microorganisms have been an ever-growing concern over the past years. This has led researchers to direct their attention onto plants to be able to discover new possible antimicrobial compounds. The Middle East encompasses a wide spectrum of plant diversity with over 20,000 different species in habitats ranging from deserts to snow-capped mountains. Several plant secondary metabolites and their derivatives have been identified as possible antimicrobial agents. Among the secondary metabolites studied, alkaloids and polyphenols have shown strong antimicrobial activity. Polyphenols are one of the most numerous and diverse group of secondary metabolites; their antioxidant properties provide the basis for antimicrobial effects. Alkaloids provided the underlying structure for the development of several antibiotics with a diverse range of action. The ability of some plant secondary metabolites to act as resistance-modifying agents is a promising field in mitigating the spread of bacterial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leen Othman
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Balamand, El-Koura, Lebanon
| | - Ahmad Sleiman
- Department of Biology, University of Balamand, El-Koura, Lebanon
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Nikmaram N, Budaraju S, Barba FJ, Lorenzo JM, Cox RB, Mallikarjunan K, Roohinejad S. Application of plant extracts to improve the shelf-life, nutritional and health-related properties of ready-to-eat meat products. Meat Sci 2018; 145:245-255. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2018.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Pagáč T, Šafář P, Marchalín Š, Ježíková Z, Balónová B, Šupolíková M, Nováková E, Kubíčková J, Šoral M, Sivý J, Olejníková P. Asymmetric synthesis and study of biological activity of (epi-)benzoanalogues of bioactive phenanthroquinolizidine alkaloids. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-018-2244-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Lupane and Ursane-Type Triterpenoids from Pergularia tomentosa. Chem Nat Compd 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-018-2477-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Antimicrobial activity of newly synthesized thienoquinolizidines derivatives: inspired by natural plant alkaloids. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-017-0232-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Liu J, He Y, Zhang D, Cai Y, Zhang C, Zhang P, Zhu H, Xu N, Liang S. In vitro anticancer effects of two novel phenanthroindolizidine alkaloid compounds on human colon and liver cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:2595-2603. [PMID: 28677760 PMCID: PMC5548052 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant cancer is one of the most serious diseases threatening the health of human beings. Natural plant alkaloids exhibit multiple biological functions, including inhibition of cell proliferation, and may have potential anticancer activity. However, most natural alkaloids may not be suitable for human therapies owing to instability, poor dissolubility and potential side effects. To improve their anticancer activity and drug effect, the present study aimed to develop new alkaloid derivatives, the phenanthroindolizidine alkaloid compounds, and evaluated their potential antitumor effects on human cancer cells in vitro. Among the several newly synthesized analogues of phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids (PAs), the compounds YS306 and YS206 exhibited an increased growth inhibition activity on HepG2 liver cancer cells and on HCT116 and HT29 colon cancer cells, with half‑maximal inhibitory concentrations in the micromolar range. YS206 and YS306 (5 µg/ml) both significantly induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and notably decreased cell distribution at the G0/G1 and S phase. In addition, these two molecules significantly inhibited cancer cell migration, as analyzed by the wound‑healing and Transwell assays. However, neither YS306 nor YS206 exhibited observable effects on apoptosis. Therefore, chemical structure modifications of natural PAs based on anticancer activity assessments may be feasible in the development of new cancer chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Liu
- Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yu He
- Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Ying Cai
- Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Chenggang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Materials, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066, P.R. China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Hongxia Zhu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Ningzhi Xu
- Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Shufang Liang
- Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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Kinjo J, Nakano D, Fujioka T, Okabe H. Screening of promising chemotherapeutic candidates from plants extracts. J Nat Med 2016; 70:335-60. [PMID: 27086008 PMCID: PMC4935755 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-016-0992-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Over the course of our studies investigating anti-proliferative properties of compounds originating from plants against human gastric adenocarcinoma (MK-1), human uterine carcinoma (HeLa), murine melanoma (B16F10), and two human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-infected T-cell lines (MT-1 and MT-2), we have screened 582 extracted samples obtained from a variety of parts from 370 plants. A few extracts showed anti-proliferative activity against all cell lines, but upon further investigation, toxicity toward selected cell lines was recognized. After activity-guided fractionation, isolation of the active principles was achieved. Structure–activity relationship studies identified the components and functionalities responsible for the specific selectivity against each cancer cell line. The effect of polyacetylenes against MK-1 cells was more potent than against HeLa and B16F10 cells. The compound having a 3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl group also showed an anti-proliferative effect against B16F10 cells. Some 6-methoxyflavone derivatives and 8-hydroxy furanocoumarins were good inhibitors of HeLa cell growth. The 17 compounds whose EC50 values were less than 1 nM did not show specific cellular selectivity. Because the cytotoxic effect of 24, 25-dihydrowithanolide D toward control cells was observed at a concentration about 100 times higher than those for the cancer cell lines, withanolide was identified as the most promising chemotherapeutic candidate in our experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junei Kinjo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Nakano
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Fujioka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Hikaru Okabe
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
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Chen CY, Zhu GY, Wang JR, Jiang ZH. Phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids from Tylophora atrofolliculata with hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) inhibitory activity. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra16455b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids from T. atrofolliculata with potent HIF-1 inhibitory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine
- Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health
- Macau University of Science and Technology
- Taipa
- China
| | - Guo-Yuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine
- Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health
- Macau University of Science and Technology
- Taipa
- China
| | - Jing-Rong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine
- Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health
- Macau University of Science and Technology
- Taipa
- China
| | - Zhi-Hong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine
- Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health
- Macau University of Science and Technology
- Taipa
- China
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Kwon Y, Song J, Lee H, Kim EY, Lee K, Lee SK, Kim S. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Activity of Sulfonamide Analogues of Antofine and Cryptopleurine as Potent and Orally Active Antitumor Agents. J Med Chem 2015; 58:7749-62. [PMID: 26393416 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Due to their profound antiproliferative activity and unique mode of action, phenanthroindolizidine and phenanthroquinolizidine alkaloids, represented by antofine and cryptopleurine, have attracted attention recently as potential therapeutic agents. We have designed, synthesized, and evaluated the methanesulfonamide analogues of these natural alkaloids with the hope of improving their druglikeness. The analogues showed enhanced growth inhibition of human cancer cells compared with the parent natural products. In particular, a methanesulfonamide analogue of cryptopleurine (5b) exhibited improved bioavailability and significant antitumor activity, which suggests that 5b is a promising new anticancer agent. Our studies suggest that the inhibition of cancer cell growth by 5b is associated with the induction of G0/G1 cell cycle arrest via nicotinamide N-methyltransferase-dependent JNK activation in Caki-1 renal cancer cells. In addition, compound 5b significantly inhibited the migration and invasion of Caki-1 cancer cells by modulating the p38 MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongseok Kwon
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Jayoung Song
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Honggu Lee
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Eun-Yeong Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University , Sejong 339-700, Korea
| | - Kiho Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University , Sejong 339-700, Korea
| | - Sang Kook Lee
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Sanghee Kim
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , Seoul 151-742, Korea
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Nakano D, Ishitsuka K, Ikeda M, Tsuchihashi R, Okawa M, Okabe H, Tamura K, Kinjo J. Screening of promising chemotherapeutic candidates from plants against human adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (IV): phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids from Tylophora tanakae leaves. J Nat Med 2015; 69:397-401. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-015-0906-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Wen T, Wang Z, Meng X, Wu M, Li Y, Wu X, Zhao L, Wang P, Yin Z, Li-Ling J, Wang Q. Synthesis of novel tylophorine derivatives and evaluation of their anti-inflammatory activity. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:1027-31. [PMID: 25221661 DOI: 10.1021/ml500255j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that DCB-3503, a tylophorine analogue, has an anti-inflammatory property in murine models for autoimmune diseases. However, its mechanism remains unknown. Here, we have synthesized 34 derivatives of DCB-3503 and investigated their effects on T cells differentiation and TNF-α production. Six derivatives (4, 9, 13, 19, 31, and 32) could significantly promote the expression of Foxp3. Among these, the IC50 of 31 and 32 was about 500 μM. Eight analogues (1, 2, 4, 9, 12, 18, 19, and 21) showed anti-TNF-α effect in Raw 264.7 cells and murine splenocytes, of which 18 and 19 were most significant. Moreover, 31 and 18 showed a better activity and cell survival ratio when compared with DCB-3503 at various concentrations. In summary, we have demonstrated the anti-inflammatory characteristics of 34 novel tylophorine derivatives and discussed their structure-activity relationship in order to explore their therapeutic potentials for inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ti Wen
- Department
of Medical Oncology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shengyang 110001, China
| | - Ziwen Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of
Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Tianjin
Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules,
Key Laboratory of Inorganic−Organic Hybrid Functional Material
Chemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Xianyi Meng
- College
of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Meng Wu
- State
Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of
Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yangguang Li
- College
of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaoli Wu
- College
of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Liqing Zhao
- College
of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Puyue Wang
- College
of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhinan Yin
- College
of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jesse Li-Ling
- Joint
Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource Research and Utilization of Sichuan
and Chongqing, Institute of Medical Genetics, School of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qingmin Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of
Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Wehming K, Schubert M, Schnakenburg G, Waldvogel SR. Oxidative Cyclization Reaction of 2-Aryl-Substituted Cinnamates To Form Phenanthrene Carboxylates by Using MoCl5. Chemistry 2014; 20:12463-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Alkaloids: an overview of their antibacterial, antibiotic-enhancing and antivirulence activities. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2014; 44:377-86. [PMID: 25130096 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 347] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
With reports of pandrug-resistant bacteria causing untreatable infections, the need for new antibacterial therapies is more pressing than ever. Alkaloids are a large and structurally diverse group of compounds that have served as scaffolds for important antibacterial drugs such as metronidazole and the quinolones. In this review, we highlight other alkaloids with development potential. Natural, semisynthetic and synthetic alkaloids of all classes are considered, looking first at those with direct antibacterial activity and those with antibiotic-enhancing activity. Potent examples include CJ-13,136, a novel actinomycete-derived quinolone alkaloid with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.1 ng/mL against Helicobacter pylori, and squalamine, a polyamine alkaloid from the dogfish shark that renders Gram-negative pathogens 16- to >32-fold more susceptible to ciprofloxacin. Where available, information on toxicity, structure-activity relationships, mechanisms of action and in vivo activity is presented. The effects of alkaloids on virulence gene regulatory systems such as quorum sensing and virulence factors such as sortases, adhesins and secretion systems are also described. The synthetic isoquinoline alkaloid virstatin, for example, inhibits the transcriptional regulator ToxT in Vibrio cholerae, preventing expression of cholera toxin and fimbriae and conferring in vivo protection against intestinal colonisation. The review concludes with implications and limitations of the described research and directions for future research.
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Saraswati S, Kanaujia PK, Kumar S, Kumar R, Alhaider AA. Tylophorine, a phenanthraindolizidine alkaloid isolated from Tylophora indica exerts antiangiogenic and antitumor activity by targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2-mediated angiogenesis. Mol Cancer 2013; 12:82. [PMID: 23895055 PMCID: PMC3733984 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-12-82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anti-angiogenesis targeting VEGFR2 has been considered as an important strategy for cancer therapy. Tylophorine is known to possess anti-inflammatory and antitumor activity, but its roles in tumor angiogenesis, the key step involved in tumor growth and metastasis, and the involved molecular mechanism is still unknown. Therefore, we examined its anti-angiogenic effects and mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. Methods We used tylophorine and analyzed its inhibitory effects on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in vitro and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) tumor in vivo. Results Tylophorine significantly inhibited a series of VEGF-induced angiogenesis processes including proliferation, migration, and tube formation of endothelial cells. Besides, it directly inhibited VEGFR2 tyrosine kinase activity and its downstream signaling pathways including Akt, Erk and ROS in endothelial cells. Using HUVECs we demonstrated that tylophorine inhibited VEGF-stimulated inflammatory responses including IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, IFN-γ, MMP-2 and NO secretion. Tylophorine significantly inhibited neovascularization in sponge implant angiogenesis assay and also inhibited tumor angiogenesis and tumor growth in vivo. Molecular docking simulation indicated that tylophorine could form hydrogen bonds and aromatic interactions within the ATP-binding region of the VEGFR2 kinase unit. Conclusion Tylophorine exerts anti-angiogenesis effects via VEGFR2 signaling pathway thus, may be a viable drug candidate in anti-angiogenesis and anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarita Saraswati
- Camel Biomedical Research Unit, College of Pharmacy and Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Wu M, Wang ZW, Liu YX, Song HB, Zhang A, Meng LH, Wang QM. Different salt derivatives of phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids display different in vitro antitumor activity. NEW J CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3nj00031a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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42
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Yang X, Shi Q, Lai CY, Chen CY, Ohkoshi E, Yang SC, Wang CY, Bastow KF, Wu TS, Pan SL, Teng CM, Yang PC, Lee KH. Antitumor agents 295. E-ring hydroxylated antofine and cryptopleurine analogues as antiproliferative agents: design, synthesis, and mechanistic studies. J Med Chem 2012; 55:6751-61. [PMID: 22823514 DOI: 10.1021/jm3001218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Various E-ring hydroxylated antofine and cryptopleurine analogues were designed, synthesized, and tested against five human cancer cell lines. Interesting structure-activity relationship (SAR) correlations were found among these new compounds. The most potent compound 13b was further tested against a series of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines in which it showed impressive antiproliferative activity. Mechanistic studies revealed that 13b is able to down-regulate HSP90 and β-catenin in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting a potential use for treating hedgehog pathway-driven tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Yang
- Natural Products Research Laboratories and ‡Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568, United States
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Lv H, Ren J, Ma S, Xu S, Qu J, Liu Z, Zhou Q, Chen X, Yu S. Synthesis, biological evaluation and mechanism studies of deoxytylophorinine and its derivatives as potential anticancer agents. PLoS One 2012; 7:e30342. [PMID: 22276180 PMCID: PMC3261902 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2011] [Accepted: 12/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies indicated that (+)-13a-(S)-deoxytylophorinine (1) showed profound anti-cancer activities both in vitro and in vivo and could penetrate the blood brain barrier to distribute well in brain tissues. CNS toxicity, one of the main factors to hinder the development of phenanthroindolizidines, was not obviously found in 1. Based on its fascinating activities, thirty-four derivatives were designed, synthesized; their cytotoxic activities in vitro were tested to discover more excellent anticancer agents. Considering the distinctive mechanism of 1 and interesting SAR of deoxytylophorinine and its derivatives, the specific impacts of these compounds on cellular progress as cell signaling transduction pathways and cell cycle were proceeded with seven representative compounds. 1 as well as three most potent compounds, 9, 32, 33, and three less active compounds, 12, 16, 35, were selected to proform this study to have a relatively deep view of cancer cell growth-inhibitory characteristics. It was found that the expressions of phospho-Akt, Akt, phospho-ERK, and ERK in A549 cells were greater down-regulated by the potent compounds than by the less active compounds in the Western blot analysis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing phenanthroindolizidines alkaloids display influence on the crucial cell signaling proteins, ERK. Moreover, the expressions of cyclin A, cyclin D1 and CDK2 proteins depressed more dramatically when the cells were treated with 1, 9, 32, and 33. Then, these four excellent compounds were subjected to flow cytometric analysis, and an increase in S-phase was observed in A549 cells. Since the molecular level assay results of Western blot for phospho-Akt, Akt, phospho-ERK, ERK, and cyclins were relevant to the potency of compounds in cellular level, we speculated that this series of compounds exhibit anticancer activities through blocking PI3K and MAPK signaling transduction pathways and interfering with the cell cycle progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haining Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Jinhong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Shuanggang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Song Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Jing Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhenjia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Qing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaoguang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Shishan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Liu Z, Lv H, Li H, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Su F, Xu S, Li Y, Si Y, Yu S, Chen X. Interaction studies of an anticancer alkaloid, (+)-(13aS)-deoxytylophorinine, with calf thymus DNA and four repeated double-helical DNAs. Chemotherapy 2011; 57:310-20. [PMID: 21893982 DOI: 10.1159/000329506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2010] [Accepted: 02/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids are a family of plant-derived compounds with significant antineoplastic activity. The specific biomolecular targets of these alkaloids have not yet been clearly identified. (+)-(13aS)-deoxytylophorinine is a new phenanthroindolizidine alkaloid originally extracted from the roots of Tylophora atrofolliculata and Tylophora ovata in our institute. (+)-(13aS)-deoxytylophorinine exerts both in vitro and in vivoanticancer activities. METHODS The in vivo anticancer effects and toxicity of this compound were investigated in mice, and interactions between this compound and double-helical DNA sequences were studied in detail with circular dichroic spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. Viscosity measurements were applied to check the interactive mode between this compound and DNA. RESULTS Potent anticancer effects were observed in vivo. Also, concentration-dependent interactions were observed and this compound seemed to interact in a sequence-specific manner with AT-repeated sequences of double-helical DNA. Such interactions were proved to be intercalating by viscosity measurements. CONCLUSIONS Anticancer alkaloid (+)-(13aS)-deoxytylophorinine can have sequence-specific interactions with DNA in an intercalating manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjia Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Gibson DM, Krasnoff SB, Biazzo J, Milbrath L. Phytotoxicity of antofine from invasive swallow-worts. J Chem Ecol 2011; 37:871-9. [PMID: 21739223 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-011-9994-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2011] [Revised: 06/26/2011] [Accepted: 06/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Pale swallow-wort (Vincetoxicum rossicum) and black swallow-wort (V. nigrum) are two emerging invasive plant species in the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada that have shown rapid population expansion over the past 20 years. Using bioassay-guided fractionation, the known phytochemical phenanthroindolizidine alkaloid, (-)-antofine, was identified as a potent phytotoxin in roots, leaves, and seeds of both swallow-wort species. In seedling bioassays, (-)-antofine, at μM concentrations, resulted in greatly reduced root growth of Asclepias tuberosa, A. syriaca, and Apocynum cannabinum, three related, native plant species typically found in habitats where large stands of swallow-wort are present. In contrast, antofine exhibited moderate activity against lettuce, and it had little effect on germination and root growth of either black or pale swallow-wort. In disk diffusion assays, antifungal activity was observed at 10 μg and 100 μg, while antibacterial activity was seen only at the higher level. Although both swallow-wort species display multiple growth and reproductive characteristics that may play an important role in their invasiveness, the presence of the highly bioactive phytochemical (-)-antofine in root and seed tissues indicates a potential allelopathic role in swallow-worts' invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna M Gibson
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Biological Integrated Pest Management Research Unit, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Tower Road, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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46
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Yang X, Shi Q, Yang SC, Chen CY, Yu SL, Bastow KF, Morris-Natschke SL, Wu PC, Lai CY, Wu TS, Pan SL, Teng CM, Lin JC, Yang PC, Lee KH. Antitumor agents 288: design, synthesis, SAR, and biological studies of novel heteroatom-incorporated antofine and cryptopleurine analogues as potent and selective antitumor agents. J Med Chem 2011; 54:5097-107. [PMID: 21668000 DOI: 10.1021/jm200330s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Novel heteroatom-incorporated antofine and cryptopleurine analogues were designed, synthesized, and tested against a panel of five cancer cell lines. Two new S-13-oxo analogues (11 and 16) exhibited potent cell growth inhibition in vitro (GI(50): 9 nM and 20 nM). Interestingly, both compounds displayed improved selectivity among different cancer cell lines, in contrast to the natural products antofine and cryptopleurine. Mechanism of action (MOA) studies suggested that R-antofine promotes dysregulation of DNA replication during early S phase, while no similar effects were observed for 11 and 15 on corresponding replication initiation complexes. Compound 11 also showed greatly reduced cytotoxicity against normal cells and moderate antitumor activity against HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma xenograft in mice without overt toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Yang
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568, USA
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47
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Liu ZJ, Lv HN, Li HY, Zhang Y, Zhang HJ, Su FQ, Si YK, Yu SS, Chen XG. Anticancer effect and neurotoxicity of S-(+)-deoxytylophorinidine, a new phenanthroindolizidine alkaloid that interacts with nucleic acids. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2011; 13:400-408. [PMID: 21534037 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2011.566868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids are a family of plant-derived compounds with significant antineoplastic activity as well as other effects like antiamebicidal, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory activities. The specific biomolecular targets of these compounds have not yet been clearly identified. S-(+)-Deoxytylophorinidine (CAT) is a new phenanthroindolizidine alkaloid, originally extracted from the roots of Tylophora atrofolliculata and Tylophora ovata. Potent anticancer activity was observed in vitro and in vivo. Neurotoxicity of CAT was also studied and it was far less serious than that of vinblastine. Interactions between this compound and DNA had been studied in detail in our laboratory previously, and we further studied its interactions with RNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Jia Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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48
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Min HY, Chung HJ, Kim EH, Kim S, Park EJ, Lee SK. Inhibition of cell growth and potentiation of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced apoptosis by a phenanthroindolizidine alkaloid antofine in human colon cancer cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2010; 80:1356-64. [PMID: 20674553 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2010.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2010] [Revised: 07/14/2010] [Accepted: 07/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Based on the potential of natural products as a source for the development of cancer chemotherapeutic agents, this study was performed to investigate the anti-proliferative and antitumor effects of antofine, a phenanthroindolizidine alkaloid derived from Cynanchum paniculatum. Antofine showed potent anti-proliferative effects in several human cancer cells with IC(50) values in the nanomolar range. Treatment with antofine for 24h did not result in the induction of apoptotic cell death but moderately induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase and inhibited the expression of cyclin D1, cyclin E, and CDK4. In addition, antofine inhibited the transcriptional activity of β-catenin/Tcf in human colon HCT 116 cells, and the expression level of β-catenin and cyclin D1 was also down-regulated by antofine in human colon SW480 cells. Moreover, antofine potentiated tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced apoptosis, which was demonstrated by the increase of Annexin V-positive cell population and of the cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and caspase-8. Antofine also effectively suppressed tumor growth in the HCT 116 implanted xenograft nude mouse model. Taken together, these findings suggest that antofine might be a potential candidate for the development of cancer chemotherapeutic agents derived from natural products.
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Wu CM, Yang CW, Lee YZ, Chuang TH, Wu PL, Chao YS, Lee SJ. Tylophorine arrests carcinoma cells at G1 phase by downregulating cyclin A2 expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 386:140-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.05.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2009] [Accepted: 05/30/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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50
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Lin JC, Yang SC, Hong TM, Yu SL, Shi Q, Wei L, Chen HY, Yang PC, Lee KH. Phenanthrene-based tylophorine-1 (PBT-1) inhibits lung cancer cell growth through the Akt and NF-kappaB pathways. J Med Chem 2009; 52:1903-11. [PMID: 19284764 PMCID: PMC2670969 DOI: 10.1021/jm801344j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Tylophorine and related natural compounds exhibit potent antitumor activities. We previously showed that PBT-1, a synthetic C9-substituted phenanthrene-based tylophorine (PBT) derivative, significantly inhibits growth of various cancer cells. In this study, we further explored the mechanisms and potential of PBT-1 as an anticancer agent. PBT-1 dose-dependently suppressed colony formation and induced cell cycle G2/M arrest and apoptosis. DNA microarray and pathway analysis showed that PBT-1 activated the apoptosis pathway and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. In contrast, PBT-1 suppressed the nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) pathway and focal adhesion. We further confirmed that PBT-1 suppressed Akt activation accelerated RelA degradation via IkappaB kinase-alpha and down-regulated NF-kappaB target gene expression. The reciprocal recruitment of RelA and RelB on COX-2 promoter region led to down-regulation of transcriptional activity. We conclude that PBT-1 induces cell cycle G2/M arrest and apoptosis by inactivating Akt and by inhibiting the NF-kappaB signaling pathway. PBT-1 may be a good drug candidate for anticancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jau-Chen Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Academia Road, Sec. 2, NanKang, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shuenn-Chen Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Academia Road, Sec. 2, NanKang, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Ming Hong
- NTU Center of Genomic Medicine, No, 1, Jen-Ai Road, Sec. 1, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Liang Yu
- NTU Center of Genomic Medicine, No, 1, Jen-Ai Road, Sec. 1, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Qian Shi
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC27599, USA
| | - Linyi Wei
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC27599, USA
| | - Hsuan-Yu Chen
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Academia Road, Sec. 2, NanKang, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pan-Chyr Yang
- College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No, 1, Jen-Ai Road, Sec. 1, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC27599, USA
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