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Kusama-Eguchi K, Tokui Y, Minoura A, Yanai Y, Hirose D, Furukawa M, Kosuge Y, Miura M, Ohkoshi E, Makino M, Minagawa K, Matsuzaki K, Ogawa Y, Watanabe K, Ohsaki A. 2(3H)-Dihydrofranolactone metabolites from Pleosporales sp. NUH322 as anti-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis drugs. J Nat Med 2024; 78:146-159. [PMID: 37804412 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-023-01751-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating motor disease with limited treatment options. A domestic fungal extract library was screened using three assays related to the pathophysiology of ALS with the aim of developing a novel ALS drug. 2(3H)-dihydrofuranolactones 1 and 2, and five known compounds 3-7 were isolated from Pleosporales sp. NUH322 culture media, and their protective activity against the excitotoxicity of β-N-oxalyl-L-α,β-diaminopropionic acid (ODAP), an α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-type glutamatergic agonist, was evaluated under low mitochondrial glutathione levels induced by ethacrynic acid (EA) and low sulfur amino acids using our developed ODAP-EA assay. Additional assays evaluated the recovery from cytotoxicity caused by transfected SOD1-G93A, an ALS-causal gene, and the inhibitory effect against reactive oxygen species (ROS) elevation. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated using various spectroscopic methods. We synthesized 1 from D-ribose, and confirmed the absolute structure. Isolated and synthesized 1 displayed higher ODAP-EA activities than the extract and represented its activity. Furthermore, 1 exhibited protective activity against SOD1-G93A-induced toxicity. An ALS mouse model, SOD1-G93A, of both sexes, was treated orally with 1 at pre- and post-symptomatic stages. The latter treatment significantly extended their lifespan (p = 0.03) and delayed motor deterioration (p = 0.001-0.01). Our result suggests that 1 is a promising lead compound for the development of ALS drugs with a new spectrum of action targeting both SOD1-G93A proteopathy and excitotoxicity through its action on the AMPA-type glutamatergic receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuniko Kusama-Eguchi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Humanities and Science, Ninon University, Setagaya-Ku, Tokyo, 156-8550, Japan.
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8555, Japan.
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University. Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8555, Japan.
| | - Yuki Tokui
- Department of Chemistry, College of Humanities and Science, Ninon University, Setagaya-Ku, Tokyo, 156-8550, Japan
| | - Ai Minoura
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8555, Japan
| | - Yuta Yanai
- Department of Chemistry, College of Humanities and Science, Ninon University, Setagaya-Ku, Tokyo, 156-8550, Japan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8555, Japan
| | - Dai Hirose
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University. Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8555, Japan
| | - Megumi Furukawa
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8555, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kosuge
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8555, Japan
| | - Motofumi Miura
- Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8555, Japan
| | - Emika Ohkoshi
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aomori University, Aomori, Aomori, 030-0943, Japan
| | - Mitsuko Makino
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8555, Japan
| | - Kimino Minagawa
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8555, Japan
- Division of Genomic Epidemiology and Clinical Trials, Clinical Trials Research Center, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Matsuzaki
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshio Ogawa
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University. Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuko Watanabe
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University. Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8555, Japan
| | - Ayumi Ohsaki
- Department of Chemistry, College of Humanities and Science, Ninon University, Setagaya-Ku, Tokyo, 156-8550, Japan.
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2
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Murakami K, Umemura N, Adachi M, Motoki M, Ohkoshi E. ABCG2, CD44 and SOX9 are increased with the acquisition of drug resistance and involved in cancer stem cell activities in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells. Exp Ther Med 2022; 24:722. [PMID: 36340608 PMCID: PMC9627113 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells are a sub-population of cancer cells with self-renewal activity that play key roles in tumor resistance to chemotherapy and radiation. Several cancer stem cell markers have been identified to correlate with clinical prognosis. However, which marker is associated with which cancer stem cell characteristic is unclear. The present study aimed to clarify the relationship between cancer stem cell markers associated with drug resistance acquisition and the characteristics of cancer stem cells. We generated cisplatin-resistant head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells by culturing cells in increasing concentrations of cisplatin. The cisplatin-resistant head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells also acquired multidrug resistance and were named resistant HSC-3 (R HSC-3) cells. R HSC-3 showed no differences in cell proliferation or cell cycle distributions compared with parental cells. R HSC-3 cells showed increased drug excretion ability and elevated expression of ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2), a drug excretion pump. R HSC-3 cells also highly expressed CD44, a cancer stem cell marker, and exhibited enhanced cell invasion and spheroid formation abilities. Furthermore, the stem cell-related factor SRY-box transcription factor 9 (SOX9) was identified as increased in R HSC-3 cells by microarray analysis. Knockdown experiments showed that SOX9 and ABCG2 were involved in the drug excretion ability of R HSC3 cells and ABCG2 was involved in the spheroid formation ability of R HSC-3 cells. These results indicate that CD44, SOX9 and ABCG2 expression levels were enhanced in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells that acquired multidrug resistance and that these molecules are important for maintaining cancer stem cell characteristics. Overall, regulating CD44, SOX9 and ABCG2 may be a strategy to inhibit cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Murakami
- Department of Natural and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Aomori University, Aomori, Aomori 030‑0943, Japan
| | - Naoki Umemura
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Mizuho, Gifu 501‑0296, Japan
| | - Makoto Adachi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya Tokushukai General Hospital, Kasugai, Aichi 487‑0016, Japan
| | - Masahiro Motoki
- Department of Natural and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Aomori University, Aomori, Aomori 030‑0943, Japan
| | - Emika Ohkoshi
- Department of Natural and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Aomori University, Aomori, Aomori 030‑0943, Japan
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3
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Wada K, Goto M, Ohkoshi E, Lee KH, Yamashita H. Bioactivity inspired C 19-diterpenoid alkaloids for overcoming multidrug-resistant cancer. J Nat Med 2022; 76:796-802. [PMID: 35614289 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-022-01629-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The pharmacological activities of C19-diterpenoid alkaloids are related to their basic skeletons (e.g., aconitine-type or lycoctonine-type). Also, few studies have been reported on the chemosensitizing effects of diterpenoid alkaloids. Consequently, this study was aimed at determining the chemosensitizing effects of synthetic derivatives of lycoctonine-type C19-diterpenoid alkaloids on a P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-overexpressing multidrug-resistant (MDR) cancer cell line KB-VIN. The acyl-derivatives of delpheline and delcosine showed moderate cytotoxicity against chemosensitive cancer cell lines. Among non-cytotoxic synthetic analogs (1-14), several derivatives effectively and significantly sensitized MDR cells by interfering with the drug transport function of P-gp to three anticancer drugs, vincristine, paclitaxel, and doxorubicin. The chemosensitizing effect of derivatives 2, 4, and 6 on KB-VIN cells against vincristine were more potent than 5 μM verapamil, and derivatives 4 and 13 were more effective than 5 μM verapamil for paclitaxel. Among them, 2 in particular increased the sensitivity of KB-VIN cells to vincristine by 253-fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Wada
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 4-1, Maeda 7-jo 15-choume, Teine-ku, Sapporo, 006-8585, Japan.
| | - Masuo Goto
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7568, USA
| | - Emika Ohkoshi
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7568, USA
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7568, USA
| | - Hiroshi Yamashita
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 4-1, Maeda 7-jo 15-choume, Teine-ku, Sapporo, 006-8585, Japan
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Kajiura K, Umemura N, Ohkoshi E, Ohta T, Kondoh N, Kawano S. Shikonin induces odontoblastic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells via AKT-mTOR signaling in the presence of CD44. Connect Tissue Res 2021; 62:689-697. [PMID: 33334200 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2020.1865937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: In our previous study, we demonstrated that hyaluronan induces odontoblastic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells via interactions with CD44. However, it remains unclear whether CD44 expression by dental pulp stem cells is required for odontoblastic differentiation.Methods: We searched for a compound other than hyaluronan that induces odontoblastic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells and used western blotting to determine whether CD44 is involved in the induction of odontoblastic differentiation by the compound. We further validated the cell signaling details of the compound-induced expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), which is known as a marker of odontoblastic differentiation.Results: We investigated shikonin, which is one of the derivatives of naphthoquinone, the skeleton of vitamin K. Shikonin-induced expression of DSPP was inhibited by PI3K, AKT, and mTOR inhibitors. Additionally, shikonin-induced expression of DSPP was inhibited in dental pulp stem cells transfected with siRNA against CD44.Conclusions: Shikonin can stimulate dental pulp stem cells to undergo odontoblastic differentiation through a mechanism involving the AKT-mTOR signaling pathway and CD44. Although expression of CD44 is important for inducing odontoblastic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells, the relationship between the AKT-mTOR signaling pathway and CD44 expression, in the context of shikonin stimulation, has not yet been elucidated. This study suggests that shikonin may be useful for inducing odontoblastic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells, and that it may have clinical applications, including protection of the dental pulp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunihiro Kajiura
- Department of Endodontics, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Gifu, Japan
| | - Naoki Umemura
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Gifu, Japan
| | - Emika Ohkoshi
- Department of Natural and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aomori University, Aomori, Japan
| | - Takahisa Ohta
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Gifu, Japan
| | - Nobuo Kondoh
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Gifu, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kawano
- Department of Endodontics, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Gifu, Japan
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5
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Nanbu T, Umemura N, Ohkoshi E, Nanbu K, Sakagami H, Shimada J. Combined SN-38 and gefitinib treatment promotes CD44 degradation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells. Oncol Rep 2017; 39:367-375. [PMID: 29192320 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.6105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to search for an effective regimen among existing chemotherapies for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Among the tested drugs, we focused on combined SN-38, which is the active metabolite produced from irinotecan hydrochloride - a type I DNA topoisomerase inhibitor - after it is metabolized by carboxylesterase in the liver and gefitinib, an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment, based on the ability of this combination to inhibit HNSCC cell growth. Contrary to our expectation, in vivo, there was no significant difference in tumor growth suppression between gefitinib-only treatment and gefitinib plus SN-38. However, when tumor measurements were continued after treatment ceased, we found that several tumors showed renewed growth in the gefitinib-only group. The tumors that resumed growing after treatment showed increased CD44 expression compared with tumors from the combined treatment group. Next, we investigated the mechanism whereby SN-38 and gefitinib inhibited CD44 expression in vitro. These studies revealed that the combined treatment promoted lysosomal degradation of CD44. The present study revealed that combined gefitinib and SN-38 treatment inhibits CD44 expression by promoting its lysosomal degradation in HNSCC cells. However, it is still unclear whether inhibition of CD44 expression in HNSCC cells can directly suppress tumor regrowth after therapy. Thus, it may be necessary to elucidate the relationship between the effects of these chemotherapeutic agents on CD44 expression and tumor recurrence/metastasis in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Nanbu
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Sciences, Meikai University, Sakado, Saitama 350-0283, Japan
| | - Naoki Umemura
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Gifu 501‑0296, Japan
| | - Emika Ohkoshi
- Department of Natural and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aomori University, Aomori 030-0943, Japan
| | - Kumi Nanbu
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Sciences, Meikai University, Sakado, Saitama 350-0283, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sakagami
- Meikai University Research Institute of Odontology, Sakado, Saitama 350-0283, Japan
| | - Jun Shimada
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Sciences, Meikai University, Sakado, Saitama 350-0283, Japan
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6
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Sumi S, Umemura N, Takayama E, Ohkoshi E, Adachi M, Mizuno-Kamiya M, Inagaki T, Kawaki H, Sumitomo S, Kondoh N. Metastasized murine oral squamous cell carcinoma cells induce intratumoral polymorphonuclear myeloid derived suppressor cells. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:2897-2904. [PMID: 28405677 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) localize to hematopoietic organs and peripheral blood during inflammation or tumor tissues and lymph nodes in the presence of a tumor. However, whether there are differences in MDSCs found in the primary tumor and metastases is unknown. In the present study, we established a cell line of metastasized tumor cells to a lymph node, L5-11, which were derived from the Sq-1979 mouse buccal mucosa squamous cell carcinoma cell line. We then analyzed tumor immunogenicity, especially with regard to MDSCs, to clarify the differences between the primary tumor and metastases, using an isogenic heterotopic tumor transplantation model. Our data showed that the population of intratumoral MDSCs, especially polymorphonuclear MDSCs in the lymph node metastasis model were significantly increased compared with syngeneic grafts from the primary cell line Sq-1979 after 21 days. Furthermore, we identified that the lymph node metastasis cell line had increased expression of genes that promote the expansion of MDSCs, tumor growth and metastasis. Hence, these data suggest that tumor immunosuppression can occur via activation of MDSCs. However, further examination is required to clarify whether all or a subset of these factors from the lymph node metastasis tumor cells are required to induce intratumoral MDSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Sumi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Gifu 501‑0296, Japan
| | - Naoki Umemura
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Gifu 501‑0296, Japan
| | - Eiji Takayama
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Gifu 501‑0296, Japan
| | - Emika Ohkoshi
- Department of Natural and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Aomori University, Aomori 030-0943, Japan
| | - Makoto Adachi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Gifu 501‑0296, Japan
| | - Masako Mizuno-Kamiya
- Chemistry Laboratory Department of Management and Information Studies, Asahi University School of Business Administration, Gifu 501-0296, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Inagaki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Reparative and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Harumi Kawaki
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Gifu 501‑0296, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Sumitomo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Gifu 501‑0296, Japan
| | - Nobuo Kondoh
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Gifu 501‑0296, Japan
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7
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Ohkoshi E, Umemura N. Induced overexpression of CD44 associated with resistance to apoptosis on DNA damage response in human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells. Int J Oncol 2016; 50:387-395. [PMID: 28035370 PMCID: PMC5238781 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CD44 is a marker of cancer stem cells in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and CD44 expression is related to prognosis in cancer patients. We examined whether herbal medicine components affect CD44 expression and induce cancer cell apoptosis. Baicalin enhanced apoptosis with no effect on CD44 levels, while baicalein did not enhance apoptosis and upregulated CD44 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Furthermore, baicalein induced phosphorylation of CHK1, as a marker of DNA damage response to S-to-G2/M phase arrest. Our results clearly demonstrated that baicalein enhanced expression of CD44 and accordingly enhanced the DNA damage response. These data suggest that induction of CD44 inhibited cancer cell induction of apoptosis by increasing the DNA damage response. Together, our findings suggest that CD44 expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma plays a role in enhancing the DNA damage response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emika Ohkoshi
- Department of Natural and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Aomori University, Aomori, Aomori 030-0943, Japan
| | - Naoki Umemura
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Gifu 501-0296, Japan
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8
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Wang SB, Cui MT, Wang XF, Ohkoshi E, Goto M, Yang DX, Li L, Yuan S, Morris-Natschke SL, Lee KH, Xie L. Synthesis, biological evaluation, and physicochemical property assessment of 4-substituted 2-phenylaminoquinazolines as Mer tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:3083-3092. [PMID: 27238842 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Current results identified 4-substituted 2-phenylaminoquinazoline compounds as novel Mer tyrosine kinase (Mer TK) inhibitors with a new scaffold. Twenty-one 2,4-disubstituted quinazolines (series 4-7) were designed, synthesized, and evaluated against Mer TK and a panel of human tumor cell lines aimed at exploring new Mer TK inhibitors as novel potential antitumor agents. A new lead, 4b, was discovered with a good balance between high potency (IC50 0.68μM) in the Mer TK assay and antiproliferative activity against MV4-11 (GI50 8.54μM), as well as other human tumor cell lines (GI50<20μM), and a desirable druglike property profile with low logP value (2.54) and high aqueous solubility (95.6μg/mL). Molecular modeling elucidated an expected binding mode of 4b with Mer TK and necessary interactions between them, thus supporting the hypothesis that Mer TK might be a biologic target of this kind of new active compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Biao Wang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Mu-Tian Cui
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Wang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China; Pharmacy Department, Urumqi General Hospital, Lanzhou Military Region, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Emika Ohkoshi
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Masuo Goto
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - De-Xuan Yang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Linna Li
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Shoujun Yuan
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Susan L Morris-Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University & Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Lan Xie
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China; Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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9
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Wang SB, Wang XF, Qin B, Ohkoshi E, Hsieh KY, Hamel E, Cui MT, Zhu DQ, Goto M, Morris-Natschke SL, Lee KH, Xie L. Optimization of N-aryl-6-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines as tubulin polymerization inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:5740-7. [PMID: 26242242 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Thirteen new N-aryl 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline compounds (4a-f, 6a-c, and 8a-d) were synthesized and evaluated for antitumor activity and drug-like properties. Compound 4a exhibited high inhibitory potency with low nanomolar GI50 values of 16-20 nM in cellular assays, including excellent activity against the P-glycoprotein overexpressing cell line KBvin. Compound 4a inhibited colchicine binding to tubulin and tubulin assembly with an IC50 value of 0.85 μM, superior to the reference compound CA4 (1.2 μM) in the same assay. In addition, 4a also exhibited highly improved water solubility (75 μg/mL) and a suitable logP value (3.43) at pH 7.4. With a good balance between antitumor potency and drug-like properties, compound 4a could be a new potential drug candidate for further development. Current results on SAR studies and molecular modeling provided more insight about this class of compounds as tubulin polymerization inhibitors targeting the colchicine site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Biao Wang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Wang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Bingjie Qin
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Emika Ohkoshi
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kan-Yen Hsieh
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ernest Hamel
- Screening Technologies Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Mu-Tian Cui
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Dong-Qing Zhu
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Masuo Goto
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Susan L Morris-Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Lan Xie
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China.
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10
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Wada K, Ohkoshi E, Zhao Y, Goto M, Morris-Natschke SL, Lee KH. Evaluation of Aconitum diterpenoid alkaloids as antiproliferative agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:1525-31. [PMID: 25770782 PMCID: PMC4374035 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Little information has been reported on the antitumor effects of the diterpenoid alkaloid constituents of Aconitum plants, used in the herbal drug 'bushi'. This study was aimed at determining the antitumor activities of Aconitum C19-and C20-diterpenoid alkaloids and synthetic derivatives against lung (A549), prostate (DU145), nasopharyngeal (KB), and vincristine-resistant nasopharyngeal (KB-VIN) cancer cell lines. Newly synthesized C20-diterpenoid alkaloid derivatives showed substantial suppressive effects against all human tumor cell lines tested. In contrast, natural and derivatized C19-diterpenoid alkaloids showed only a slight or no effect. Most of the active compounds were hetisine-type C20-diterpenoid alkaloids, specifically kobusine and pseudokobusine analogs with two different substitution patterns, C-11 and C-11,15. Notably, several C20-diterpenoid alkaloids were more potent against multidrug-resistant KB subline KB-VIN cells. Pseudokobusine 11-3'-trifluoromethylbenzoate (94) is a possible promising new lead meriting additional evaluation against multidrug-resistant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Wada
- School of Pharmacy, Hokkaido Pharmaceutical University, 7-1, Katsuraoka-cho, Otaru 047-0264, Japan; Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA
| | - Emika Ohkoshi
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA
| | - Yu Zhao
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA
| | - Masuo Goto
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA
| | - Susan L Morris-Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA; Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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11
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Nakagawa-Goto K, Oda A, Hamel E, Ohkoshi E, Lee KH, Goto M. Development of a novel class of tubulin inhibitor from desmosdumotin B with a hydroxylated bicyclic B-ring. J Med Chem 2015; 58:2378-89. [PMID: 25695315 DOI: 10.1021/jm501859j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A series of newly synthesized hydroxylated analogues of triethyldesmosdumotin B (TEDB) with a bicyclic B-ring exhibited a significantly different mode of action for affecting microtubule dynamics and spindle formation but had the same antiproliferative activity spectrum, including activity against multidrug-resistant tumors. These analogues efficiently induced cell cycle arrest at prometaphase and caused formation of immature multipolar spindles. 6'-Hydroxyl TEDB-TB (8) disrupted bipolar spindle formation but had a negligible effect on interphase microtubules. On the basis of the predicted binding modes of the new compounds with tubulin dimer, compound 4 forms three hydrogen bonds (H-bonds) only with α-tubulin at the colchicine site; in contrast, 8 forms H-bonds with both α- and β-tubulin. We predict that, when a compound/ligand, such as 8, forms H-bonds to both α- and β-tubulins, spindle formation is disrupted more than the dynamics of interphase microtubules. This result may reflect the well-known greater dynamicity of spindle microtubules as compared with interphase microtubules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Nakagawa-Goto
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University , Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
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12
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Ohno H, Miyoshi S, Araho D, Kanamoto T, Terakubo S, Nakashima H, Tsuda T, Sunaga K, Amano S, Ohkoshi E, Sakagami H, Satoh K, Yamamoto M. Efficient utilization of licorice root by alkaline extraction. In Vivo 2014; 28:785-794. [PMID: 25189890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Compared to studies of water extracts of plants, those utilising alkaline extracts are limited. Both water and alkaline extracts from licorice root were compared regarding their biological activities. Licorice root was successively extracted first with water or alkaline solution (pH 9 or 12), and the alkaline (pH 12.0) extract was further separated into 50% ethanol-soluble and -insoluble fractions. Viable cell number was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide method. Antibacterial activity against Porphyromonas gingivalis 381 was determined by turbidity assay. Cytochrome P-450 (CYP)3A4 activity was measured by β-hydroxylation of testosterone using human recombinant CYP3A4. Radical intensity of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals was determined by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. Alkaline extraction yielded slightly higher amounts of dried materials compared to water extraction. Alkaline extract showed higher anti-HIV and antibacterial activities, and similar magnitudes of CYP3A4 inhibitory and superoxide and hydroxyl radical-scavenging activities, compared to water extract. When alkaline extract was fractionated by 50% ethanol, anti-HIV activity was recovered from the insoluble fraction representing approximately 3% of the alkaline extract, whereas antibacterial activity was concentrated in the soluble fraction rich in glycyrrhizid acid, flavanones and chalcones. All extracts and sub-fractions led to bimodal hormetic dose-response (maximum hormetic response=238%) on the bacterial growth. The present study demonstrated the superiority of alkaline extraction over water extraction for preparing anti-HIV and antibacterial agents at higher yield from licorice root.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Ohno
- Maruzen Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd., Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shozo Miyoshi
- Maruzen Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd., Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Araho
- Maruzen Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd., Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Tadashi Tsuda
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama, Japan
| | - Katsuyoshi Sunaga
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shigeru Amano
- Meikai University School of Dentistry, Sakado, Saitama, Japan
| | - Emika Ohkoshi
- Meikai University School of Dentistry, Sakado, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Kazue Satoh
- Meikai University School of Dentistry, Sakado, Saitama, Japan School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
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13
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Wang XF, Guan F, Ohkoshi E, Guo W, Wang L, Zhu DQ, Wang SB, Wang LT, Hamel E, Yang D, Li L, Qian K, Morris-Natschke SL, Yuan S, Lee KH, Xie L. Optimization of 4-(N-cycloamino)phenylquinazolines as a novel class of tubulin-polymerization inhibitors targeting the colchicine site. J Med Chem 2014; 57:1390-402. [PMID: 24502232 PMCID: PMC3983391 DOI: 10.1021/jm4016526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The 6-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline moiety in prior leads 2-chloro- and 2-methyl-4-(6-methoxy-3,4-dihydroquinolin-1(2H)-yl)quinazoline (1a and 1b) was modified to produce 4-(N-cycloamino)quinazolines (4a-c and 5a-m). The new compounds were evaluated in cytotoxicity and tubulin inhibition assays, resulting in the discovery of new tubulin-polymerization inhibitors. 7-Methoxy-4-(2-methylquinazolin-4-yl)-3,4-dihydroquinoxalin- 2(1H)-one (5f), the most potent compound, exhibited high in vitro cytotoxic activity (GI50 1.9-3.2 nM), significant potency against tubulin assembly (IC50 0.77 μM), and substantial inhibition of colchicine binding (99% at 5 μM). In mechanism studies, 5f caused cell arrest in G2/M phase, disrupted microtubule formation, and competed mostly at the colchicine site on tubulin. Compound 5f and N-methylated analogue 5g were evaluated in nude mouse MCF7 xenograft models to validate their antitumor activity. Compound 5g displayed significant in vivo activity (tumor inhibitory rate 51%) at a dose of 4 mg/kg without obvious toxicity, whereas 5f unexpectedly resulted in toxicity and death at the same dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Wang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology , 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
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14
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Wei S, Tang YB, Hua H, Ohkoshi E, Goto M, Wang LT, Lee KH, Xiao Z. Discovery of novel andrographolide derivatives as cytotoxic agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:4056-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.05.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2013] [Revised: 05/05/2013] [Accepted: 05/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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15
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Wang XF, Wang SB, Ohkoshi E, Wang LT, Hamel E, Qian K, Morris-Natschke SL, Lee KH, Xie L. N-aryl-6-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines: a novel class of antitumor agents targeting the colchicine site on tubulin. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 67:196-207. [PMID: 23867604 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Structural optimizations of the prior lead 1a led to the discovery of a series of N-aryl-6-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline derivatives as a novel class of tubulin polymerization inhibitors targeted at the colchicine binding site. The most active compound 6d showed extremely high cytotoxicity against a human tumor cell line panel (A549, KB, KBvin, and DU145) with GI50 values ranging from 1.5 to 1.7 nM, significantly more potent than paclitaxel, especially against the drug-resistant KBvin cell line, in the same assays. Analogs 5f, 6b, 6c, and 6e were also quite potent, with a GI50 range of 0.011-0.19 μM. In further studies, active compounds 6b-e and 5f significantly inhibited tubulin assembly, with IC50 values of 0.92-1.0 μM and strongly inhibited colchicine binding to tubulin, with inhibition rates of 75-99% (at 5 μM), comparable with or more potent than combretastatin A-4 (IC50 0.96 μM). Current studies included design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of 24 new compounds (series 3-6). Related SAR analysis, molecular modeling, and evaluation of essential drug-like properties, i.e. water solubility, log P, and in vitro metabolic stability, were also performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Wang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China; Pharmacy Department, Urumqi General Hospital, Lanzhou Military Region, Urumqi 830000, China
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16
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Wang XF, Ohkoshi E, Wang SB, Hamel E, Bastow KF, Morris-Natschke SL, Lee KH, Xie L. Synthesis and biological evaluation of N-alkyl-N-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyridin-2-amines as a new class of tubulin polymerization inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 21:632-42. [PMID: 23274123 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Revised: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Based on our prior antitumor hits, 32 novel N-alkyl-N-substituted phenylpyridin-2-amine derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated for cytotoxic activity against A549, KB, KB(VIN), and DU145 human tumor cell lines (HTCL). Subsequently, three new leads (6a, 7g, and 8c) with submicromolar GI(50) values of 0.19-0.41 μM in the cellular assays were discovered, and these compounds also significantly inhibited tubulin assembly (IC(50) 1.4-1.7 μM) and competitively inhibited colchicine binding to tubulin with effects similar to those of the clinical candidate CA-4 in the same assays. These promising results indicate that these tertiary diarylamine derivatives represent a novel class of tubulin polymerization inhibitors targeting the colchicine binding site and showing significant anti-proliferative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Wang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, PR China
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17
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Wang XF, Tian XT, Ohkoshi E, Qin B, Liu YN, Wu PC, Hour MJ, Hung HY, Qian K, Huang R, Bastow KF, Janzen WP, Jin J, Morris-Natschke SL, Lee KH, Xie L. Design and synthesis of diarylamines and diarylethers as cytotoxic antitumor agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:6224-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Revised: 07/26/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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18
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Yang X, Shi Q, Lai CY, Chen CY, Ohkoshi E, Yang SC, Wang CY, Bastow KF, Wu TS, Pan SL, Teng CM, Yang PC, Lee KH. Antitumor agents 295. E-ring hydroxylated antofine and cryptopleurine analogues as antiproliferative agents: design, synthesis, and mechanistic studies. J Med Chem 2012; 55:6751-61. [PMID: 22823514 DOI: 10.1021/jm3001218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Various E-ring hydroxylated antofine and cryptopleurine analogues were designed, synthesized, and tested against five human cancer cell lines. Interesting structure-activity relationship (SAR) correlations were found among these new compounds. The most potent compound 13b was further tested against a series of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines in which it showed impressive antiproliferative activity. Mechanistic studies revealed that 13b is able to down-regulate HSP90 and β-catenin in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting a potential use for treating hedgehog pathway-driven tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Yang
- Natural Products Research Laboratories and ‡Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568, United States
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19
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Shi Q, Wada K, Ohkoshi E, Lin L, Huang R, Morris-Natschke SL, Goto M, Lee KH. Antitumor agents 290. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of new LNCaP and PC-3 cytotoxic curcumin analogs conjugated with anti-androgens. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:4020-31. [PMID: 22672984 PMCID: PMC3376200 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Revised: 05/01/2012] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In our continuing study of curcumin analogs as potential anti-prostate cancer drug candidates, 15 new curcumin analogs were designed, synthesized and evaluated for cytotoxicity against two human prostate cancer cell lines, androgen-dependent LNCaP and androgen-independent PC-3. Twelve analogs (5-12, 15, 16, 19, and 20) are conjugates of curcumin (1) or methyl curcumin (2) with a flutamide- or bicalutamide-like moiety. Two compounds (22 and 23) are C4-mono- and difluoro-substituted analogs of dimethyl curcumin (DMC, 21). Among the newly synthesized conjugates compound 15, a conjugate of 2 with a partial bicalutamide moiety, was more potent than bicalutamide alone and essentially equipotent with 1 and 2 against both prostate tumor cell lines with IC(50) values of 41.8 μM (for LNCaP) and 39.1 μM (for PC-3). A cell morphology study revealed that the cytotoxicity of curcumin analogs or curcumin-anti-androgen conjugates detected from both prostate cancer cell lines might be due to the suppression of pseudopodia formation. A molecular intrinsic fluorescence experiment showed that 1 accumulated mainly in the nuclei, while conjugate 6 was distributed in the cytosol. At the tested conditions, anti-androgens suppressed pseudopodia formation in PC-3 cells, but not in LNCaP cells. The evidence suggests that distinguishable target proteins are involved, resulting in the different outcomes toward pseudopodia suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Shi
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelmen School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA
- AndroScience Corporation, 11175 Flintkote Ave., Suite F, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Koji Wada
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelmen School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA
| | - Emika Ohkoshi
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelmen School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA
| | - Li Lin
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelmen School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA
| | - Rong Huang
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelmen School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA
| | - Susan L. Morris-Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelmen School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA
| | - Masuo Goto
- Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7090, USA
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelmen School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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20
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Hung HY, Ohkoshi E, Goto M, Bastow KF, Nakagawa-Goto K, Lee KH. Antitumor agents. 293. Nontoxic dimethyl-4,4'-dimethoxy-5,6,5',6'-dimethylenedioxybiphenyl-2,2'-dicarboxylate (DDB) analogues chemosensitize multidrug-resistant cancer cells to clinical anticancer drugs. J Med Chem 2012; 55:5413-24. [PMID: 22612652 DOI: 10.1021/jm300378k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Novel dimethyl-4,4'-dimethoxy-5,6,5',6'-dimethylenedioxybiphenyl-2,2'-dicarboxylate (DDB) analogues were designed and synthesized to improve their chemosensitizing action on KBvin (vincristine-resistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma) cells, a multidrug resistant cell line overexpressing P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Structure-activity relationship analysis showed that aromatic and bulky aliphatic side chains at the 2,2'-positions effectively and significantly sensitized P-gp overexpressing multidrug resistant (MDR) cells to anticancer drugs, such as paclitaxel (TAX), vincristine (VCR), and doxorubicin (DOX). DDB derivatives 16 and 23 showed 5-10 times more effective reversal ability than verapamil (VRP) for TAX and VCR. Analogue 6 also exhibited five times greater chemosensitizing effect against DOX than VRP. Importantly, no cytotoxicity was observed by the active DDB analogues against both non-MDR and MDR cells, suggesting that DDB analogues serve as novel lead compounds for the development of chemosensitizers to overcome the MDR phenotype. The mechanism of action studies demonstrated that effective inhibition of P-glycoprotein by DDB analogues dramatically elevated the cellular concentration of anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yi Hung
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568, United States
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21
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Zhou T, Ohkoshi E, Shi Q, Bastow KF, Lee KH. Anti-AIDS agents 89. Identification of DCX derivatives as anti-HIV and chemosensitizing dual function agents to overcome P-gp-mediated drug resistance for AIDS therapy. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:3219-22. [PMID: 22465634 PMCID: PMC3331909 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Revised: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, 19 dicamphanoyl-dihydropyranochromone (DCP) and dicamphanoyl-dihydropyranoxanthone (DCX) derivatives, previously discovered as novel anti-HIV agents, were evaluated for their potential to reverse multi-drug resistance (MDR) in a cancer cell line over-expressing P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Seven compounds fully reversed resistance to vincristine (VCR) at 4 μM, a 20-fold enhancement compared to the first generation chemosensitizer, verapamil (4 μM). The mechanism of action of DCPs and DCXs was also resolved, since the most active compounds (3, 4, and 7) significantly increased intracellular drug accumulation due, in part, to inhibiting the P-gp mediated drug efflux from cells. We conclude that DCPs (3 and 4) and DCXs (7, 11, and 17) can exhibit polypharmacologic behavior by acting as dual inhibitors of HIV replication and chemoresistance mediated by P-gp. As such, they may be useful in combination therapy to overcome P-gp-associated drug resistance for AIDS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhou
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568
| | - Emika Ohkoshi
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568
| | - Qian Shi
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568
| | - Kenneth F. Bastow
- Division of Chemical Biology & Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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22
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Xu K, Xiao Z, Tang YB, Huang L, Chen CH, Ohkoshi E, Lee KH. Design and synthesis of naphthoquinone derivatives as antiproliferative agents and 20S proteasome inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:2772-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.02.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Revised: 02/23/2012] [Accepted: 02/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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23
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Liu YQ, Ohkoshi E, Li LH, Yang L, Lee KH. Design, synthesis and cytotoxic activity of novel spin-labeled rotenone derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 22:920-3. [PMID: 22204911 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Revised: 12/01/2011] [Accepted: 12/05/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Three series of novel spin-labeled rotenone derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for cytotoxicity against four tumor cell lines, A-549, DU-145, KB and KBvin. All of the derivatives showed promising in vitro cytotoxic activity against the tumor cell lines tested, with IC(50) values ranging from 0.075 to 0.738μg/mL. Remarkably, all of the compounds were more potent than paclitaxel against KBvin in vitro, and compounds 3a and 3d displayed the highest cytotoxicity against this cell line (IC(50) 0.075 and 0.092μg/mL, respectively). Based on the observed cytotoxicity, structure-activity relationships have been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Qian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China; Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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24
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Furukawa M, Makino M, Ohkoshi E, Uchiyama T, Fujimoto Y. Terpenoids and phenethyl glucosides from Hyssopus cuspidatus (Labiatae). Phytochemistry 2011; 72:2244-2252. [PMID: 21893325 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2011] [Revised: 06/15/2011] [Accepted: 07/08/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Monoterpenoids (3 and 4), sesquiterpenoid (2), diterpenoid (1) and four phenethyl glucosides (5-8), together with fourteen known compounds, were isolated from the whole herb of Hyssopus cuspidatus. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic means. The abietane-type diterpenoids (1, 9, 10), rosmarinic acid (15) and salvigenin (17) inhibited leukotriene (LT) C(4) secretion from primary alveolar cells of Wistar rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Furukawa
- College of Pharmacy, Nihon University, 7-7-1 Narashinodai, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8555, Japan
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Wada K, Ohkoshi E, Morris-Natschke SL, Bastow KF, Lee KH. Cytotoxic esterified diterpenoid alkaloid derivatives with increased selectivity against a drug-resistant cancer cell line. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 22:249-52. [PMID: 22142543 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2011] [Revised: 11/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
C-6 Esterifications of delpheline (1) were carried out to provide 20 new diterpenoid alkaloid derivatives (4-22, 24). Three natural alkaloids (1-3) and all synthesized compounds (4-25) were evaluated for cytotoxic activity against lung (A549), prostate (DU145), nasopharyngeal (KB), and vincristine-resistant nasopharyngeal (KB-VIN) cancer cell lines and interestingly, showed an improved drug resistance profile compared to paclitaxel. Particularly, 6-(4-fluoro-3-methylbenzoyl)delpheline (22) displayed 2.6-fold greater potency against KB-VIN cells compared with the parental non-drug resistant KB cells. 6-Acylation of 1 appears to be critical for producing cytotoxic activity in this alkaloid class and a means to provide promising new leads for further development into antitumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Wada
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 7568, USA
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26
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Vijaya Bhaskar Reddy M, Shen YC, Ohkoshi E, Bastow KF, Qian K, Lee KH, Wu TS. Bis-chalcone analogues as potent NO production inhibitors and as cytotoxic agents. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 47:97-103. [PMID: 22115618 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2011] [Revised: 10/11/2011] [Accepted: 10/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chalcones have a distinctive 1,3-diarylpropenone skeleton and exert numerous biological effects. Using a one-step Claisen-Schmidt condensation, we synthesized eleven bis-chalcones (3-13) and three acetyl chalcones (14-16) from substituted aldehydes and diacetylresorcinol. The compounds were tested for in vitro cytotoxic activity against four human cancer cell lines (A549, DU145, KB, and KB-VIN) and inhibition of NO production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated microglial cells. Among them, four compounds (3, 5, 6, and 13) showed significant cytotoxic activity with EC(50) values ranging from 1.57 to 5.14 μM, and seven compounds (3, 5-8, 10, and 13) displayed potent anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting NO production with IC(50) values ranging from 0.95 to 8.65 μM. A mechanism of action study of active compounds 6 and 7 discovered that these compounds down-regulated iNOS expression by inhibiting p65 NF-κB activation/nuclear translocation due to prevention of IκBα degradation. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) findings are also discussed.
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Nakagawa-Goto K, Wu PC, Lai CY, Hamel E, Zhu H, Zhang L, Kozaka T, Ohkoshi E, Goto M, Bastow KF, Lee KH. Antitumor agents. 284. New desmosdumotin B analogues with bicyclic B-ring as cytotoxic and antitubulin agents. J Med Chem 2011; 54:1244-55. [PMID: 21284385 DOI: 10.1021/jm1011947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that the biological activity of analogues of desmosdumotin B (1) was dramatically changed depending on the B-ring system. A naphthalene B-ring analogue 3 exerted potent in vitro activity against a diverse panel of human tumor cell lines with GI(50) values of 0.8-2.1 μM. In contrast, 1 analogues with a phenyl B-ring showed unique selective activity against P-glycoprotein (P-gp) overexpressing multidrug resistant cell line. We have now prepared and evaluated 1 analogues with bicyclic or tricyclic aromatic B-ring systems as in vitro inhibitors of human cancer cell line proliferation. Among all synthesized derivatives, 21 with a benzo[b]thiophenyl B-ring was highly active, with GI(50) values of 0.06-0.16 μM, and this activity was not influenced by overexpression of P-gp. Furthermore, 21 inhibited tubulin assembly in vitro with an IC(50) value of 2.0 μM and colchicine binding by 78% as well as cellular microtubule polymerization and spindle formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Nakagawa-Goto
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States.
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Nakagawa-Goto K, Bastow KF, Ohkoshi E, Morris-Natschke SL, Lee KH. Antitumor Agents 291 Expanded B-Ring Modification Study of 6,8,8-Triethyl Desmosdumotin B Analogues as Multidrug-Resistance Selective Agents. Med Chem 2011; 1. [PMID: 23293751 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0444.1000101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Drug usefulnessis frequently obstructed by the incidence of the multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype and severe adverse effects. Exploiting collateral sensitive(CS)agents (in this case also called MDR-selective agents), which selectively target only MDR cells, is an emerging and novel approach to overcome MDR in cancer treatment. In prior studies, we found that 4'-methyl-6,6,8-triethyldesmosdumotin B (4'-Me-TEDB, 2) is an MDR-selective synthetic flavonoid with significant in vitro anticancer activity against a MDR cell line (KB-Vin) but without activity against the parent cells (KB) as well as other non-MDR tumor cells. Our recent results suggest the absolute MDR-selectivity varies depending on the cell-line system. In order to explore this further and to better understand the critical pharmacophores, we have synthesized nine novel analogues of 2, which contain heteroaromatic as well ascycloalkyl B-rings. The new compounds were evaluated for cytotoxicity to explore the effect of B-ring modifications on MDR-selectivity. All analogues, except 7, 9 and 10, were identified as significant MDR-selective compounds. This observation solidifies the importance of the 5-hydroxy-6,8,8-trialkyl-4H-chromene-4,7(8H)-dione skeleton (AC-ring system) for the pharmacological activity and establishes the B-ring as less critical for the broader spectrum MDR-selectivity. Notably, 3-furanyl (3)and 2-thiophenyl (6)analogues displayed substantial MDR-selectivity with KB/KB-Vin ratios of >12 and 16, respectively. Furthermore, 3 and 6 also exhibited MDR-selectivity in a second set of paired cell lines, the MDR/non-MDR hepatoma-cell system. Interestingly, a cyclohexyl analogue (11) showed moderate inhibition of A549, DU145, and PC-3 cell growth, while the other compounds were inactive. These new findings are discussed in terms of current understanding of mechanism and structure-activity relationship (SAR) of our novel MDR-selective flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Nakagawa-Goto
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, EshelmanSchool of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
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Ohkoshi E, Nagashima T, Sato H, Fujii Y, Nozawa K, Nagai M. Simple preparation of baicalin from Scutellariae Radix. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1216:2192-4. [PMID: 18407279 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2007] [Revised: 03/17/2008] [Accepted: 03/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A simple, rapid and reproducible method was developed to isolate high-purity baicalin from Scutellariae Radix, the dried roots of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. The method involves partition/recrystallization steps without repeated column chromatography or special instruments. Isolated baicalin was characterized by comparisons of TLC, HPLC, IR, MS, and NMR data with an authentic sample. Moreover, beta-glucuronidase hydrolysis of baicalin sequentially yielded glucuronic acid and baicalein as confirmed by co-TLC with authentic samples. The purity of baicalin was more than 97% with yield ca. 8.7% (w/w). The method presented here appears suitable for commercial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emika Ohkoshi
- The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ohu University 31-1, Misumidou Tomita-Machi, Kooriyama-shi, Fukushima 963-8611, Japan.
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Ohkoshi E, Miyazaki H, Shindo K, Watanabe H, Yoshida A, Yajima H. Constituents from the leaves of Nelumbo nucifera stimulate lipolysis in the white adipose tissue of mice. Planta Med 2007; 73:1255-9. [PMID: 17893829 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-990223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. (Nymphaceae) has been used for various medicinal purposes as in Chinese herbal medicine. In particular, the leaves are known for diuretic and astringent properties, and are used to treat obesity. During our search for a plant-derived anti-obesity agent from natural products, we have found that a 50% ethanol (EtOH) extract prepared from the leaves of N. nucifera (NN) stimulated lipolysis in the white adipose tissue (WAT) of mice and that the beta-adrenergic receptor (beta-AR) pathway was involved in this effect. In subsequent experiments, dietary supplementation of NN resulted in a significant suppression of body weight gain in A/J mice fed a high-fat diet. Bioassay-guided fractionation and repeated chromatography of NN has led to the isolation and identification of quercetin 3-O-alpha-arabinopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-galactopyranoside (1), rutin (2), (+)-catechin (3), hyperoside (4), isoquercitrin (5), quercetin (6) and astragalin (7). Of these, compounds 1, 3, 4, 5 and 7 exhibited lipolytic activity, especially in visceral adipose tissue. Our results indicate that the effects of NN in preventing diet-induced obesity appear to be due to various flavonoids and that the activation of beta-AR pathway was involved, at least in part.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emika Ohkoshi
- KIRIN Brewery Co., Ltd., Central Laboratories for Frontier Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
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Fukuda M, Ohkoshi E, Makino M, Fujimoto Y. Studies on the Constituents of the Leaves of Baccharis dracunculifolia (Asteraceae) and their Cytotoxic Activity. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2006; 54:1465-8. [PMID: 17015994 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.54.1465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A new sesquiterpene, named baccharisketone (1), and a new monoterpene, p-methoxythymol acetate (2), were isolated from the leaves of Baccharis dracunculifolia along with seventeen known compounds (3-19). The structures of the new compounds were determined by spectroscopic means. The growth inhibitory activity of the isolated compounds against leukemia cells (L 1210) was tested and three terpene phenols (4, 6, 17) and five sesquiterpene alcohols (8, 10, 11, 13, 16) were found to exhibit strong cytotoxic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamoru Fukuda
- College of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Funabashi, Chiba, Japan.
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Ohkoshi E, Kamo S, Makino M, Fujimoto Y. ent-Kaurenoic acids from Mikania hirsutissima (Compositae). Phytochemistry 2004; 65:885-890. [PMID: 15081289 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2004.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2003] [Revised: 02/05/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Four ent-kaurenoic acid derivatives, 2beta,16alpha,17-trihydroxy-ent-kauran-19-oic acid (1), 3beta,16alpha,17-trihydroxy-ent-kauran-19-oic acid (2), 11alpha,15beta-dihydroxy-7-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (3) and 1alpha,15beta-dihydroxy-7-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (4), were isolated together with five known compounds, 1,5-dicaffeoyl-quinic acid (5), 2-O-glucosyloxy-4-methoxy-cinnamic acid (6), phenethyl alcohol glucoside (7), phenethyl-1-O-beta-d-apiofuranosyl (1-->2) beta-d-glucopyranoside (sayaendoside) (8) and 3,6-dihydroxy-beta-ion-9-ol (9) from the 50% aqueous acetone extract of the aerial parts of Mikania hirsutissima DC. (Compositae). Compounds 1-9 were tested for their proliferative activity toward peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMC); compounds 1 and 2 showed significant activity (43.8% and 36.7%, at 100 microM, respectively) on the lymphocyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emika Ohkoshi
- College of Pharmacy, Nihon University, 7-7-1 Narashinodai, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8555, Japan
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Abstract
A novel bisnorkaurenic acid-type diterpenelactone, named mikanialactone (1), was isolated along with five known kaurenic acid-type diterpenes (2-6) from the aerial parts of Mikania hirsutissima DC (Compositae). The structure of the new bisnorditerpene was determined by spectroscopic means.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ohkoshi
- College of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Funabashi, Chiba, Japan
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Hayakawa S, Fujikawa T, Fukuoka H, Chisima F, Karasaki-Suzuki M, Ohkoshi E, Ohi H, Kiyoshi Fujii T, Tochigi M, Satoh K, Shimizu T, Nishinarita S, Nemoto N, Sakurai I. Murine fetal resorption and experimental pre-eclampsia are induced by both excessive Th1 and Th2 activation. J Reprod Immunol 2000; 47:121-38. [PMID: 10924746 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-0378(00)00053-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
It has been proposed that immune responses in mammalian normal pregnancy are Th2-like, thereby protecting the fetus and placenta from being rejected. Administration of exogenous Th1 cytokines into pregnant mice is reported to induce feto-placental resorption. However, the effects of exogenous Th2 cytokines and Th2 directed responses in pregnant animals have not been well studied. In this study, we examined IL-4 and IL-12, which play decisive roles in the development of Th2 and Th1 responses, respectively, in the induction of fetal resorption and development of experimental pre-eclampsia. Transfer of either IL-4 and/or IL-12 stimulated splenocytes from BALB/C virgin female mice into BALB/C pregnant mice mated with either C57BL/6 or BALB/C male mice resulted in fetal resorption and glomerular nephritis associated with hypertension and proteinuria. In mice treated with IL-12 stimulated splenocytes, fatty liver degeneration associated with bile retention was observed. These results indicate that both excessive Th1 and Th2 activation contribute to the development of fetal resorption and pre-eclampsia, but that Th1 is critical to the development of liver degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hayakawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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Abstract
Two novel norhumulene-type sesquiterpenes, named mikaniahumulene I (1) and II (2) were isolated along with nine known compounds, seven kaurenic acid-type diterpenes (3-9), a coumarin (10) and a flavone (11), from the aerial parts of Mikania hirsutissima DC (Compositae). The structures of new norhumulenes were determined by spectroscopic means. The cytotoxic activities of isolated compounds against leukemia cells (L 1210) were investigated; among the isolated compounds, 1, 5, 8, and 11 showed relatively strong cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ohkoshi
- College of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Chiba, Japan
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Kitanaka S, Nakayama T, Shibano T, Ohkoshi E, Takido M. Antiallergic agent from natural sources. Structures and inhibitory effect of histamine release of naphthopyrone glycosides from seeds of Cassia obtusifolia L. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1998; 46:1650-2. [PMID: 9810700 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.46.1650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Two new naphthopyrones, cassiasides B2 (1) and C2 (2), were isolated from the seeds (Cassiae Semen) of Cassia obtusifolia L. The structures of the two new compounds 1 and 2 were established as rubrofusarin 6-O-beta-D- glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)-O-beta-D- glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside and toralactone 9-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl- (1-->3)-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, respectively, on the basis of spectral and chemical evidence. Compound 2 was found to inhibit the histamine release from rat peritoneal exudate mast cells induced by antigen-antibody reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kitanaka
- College of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Chiba, Japan
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