|
1
|
Pahuta M, Laufer I, Lo SFL, Boriani S, Fisher C, Dea N, Weber MH, Chou D, Sahgal A, Rhines L, Reynolds J, Lazary A, Gasbarrinni A, Verlaan JJ, Gokaslan Z, Bettegowda C, Sarraj M, Barzilai O. Defining Spine Cancer Pain Syndromes: A Systematic Review and Proposed Terminology. Global Spine J 2025; 15:81S-92S. [PMID: 39801118 PMCID: PMC11726517 DOI: 10.1177/21925682241259686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2025] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Systematic Review. OBJECTIVES Formalized terminology for pain experienced by spine cancer patients is lacking. The common descriptors of spine cancer pain as mechanical or non-mechanical is not exhaustive. Misdiagnosed spinal pain may lead to ineffective treatment recommendations for cancer patients. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of pain terminology that may be relevant to spinal oncology patients. We provide a comprehensive and unbiased summary of the existing evidence, not limited to the spine surgery literature, and subsequently consolidate these data into a practical, clinically relevant nomenclature for spine oncologists. RESULTS Our literature search identified 3515 unique citations. Through title and abstract screening, 3407 citations were excluded, resulting in 54 full-text citations for review. Pain in cancer patients is typically described as nociceptive pain (somatic vs visceral), neurologic pain and treatment related pain. CONCLUSIONS We consolidate the terminology used in the literature and consolidated into clinically relevant nomenclature of biologic tumor pain, mechanical pain, radicular pain, neuropathic pain, and treatment related pain. This review helps standardize terminology for cancer-related pain which may help clinicians identify pain generators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markian Pahuta
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Ilya Laufer
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sheng-Fu Larry Lo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stefano Boriani
- Department of Ageing, Neurosciences, Head-Neck and Orthopaedics Sciences, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Charles Fisher
- Department of Orthopaedics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Nicolas Dea
- Department of Orthopaedics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Michael H Weber
- Department of Orthopedics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Dean Chou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Arjun Sahgal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Science Center, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Laurence Rhines
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jeremy Reynolds
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Aron Lazary
- Department of Spine Surgery at Semmelweis University, National Center for Spinal Disorders, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Ziya Gokaslan
- Department of Spine, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Chetan Bettegowda
- Department of Neurosurgery and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mohamed Sarraj
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Ori Barzilai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Abstract
Pain is one of the cardinal presenting symptoms in cancer patients and often seems to progress in the natural history of the disease. In light of the past neglect of this problem, it is becoming crucial for clinicians and researchers in the fields of oncology, pain management, and others dealing with this patient population to have a thorough understanding of the often complex pain syndromes that are relevant to managing cancer. In this article we briefly review the important topics related to cancer pain syndromes with some emphasis on those that typically generate localized pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H A Zekry
- Department of Symptom Control and Palliative Care, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston TX 77030, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|