1
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Kanner J. Food Polyphenols as Preventive Medicine. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2103. [PMID: 38136222 PMCID: PMC10740609 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the initiators in foods and in the stomach of oxidized dietary lipids, proteins, and lipid-oxidation end-products (ALEs), inducing in humans the development of several chronic diseases and cancer. Epidemiological, human clinical and animal studies supported the role of dietary polyphenols and derivatives in prevention of development of such chronic diseases. There is much evidence that polyphenols/derivatives at the right timing and concentration, which is critical, acts mostly in the aerobic stomach and generally in the gastrointestinal tract as reducing agents, scavengers of free radicals, trappers of reactive carbonyls, modulators of enzyme activity, generators of beneficial gut microbiota and effectors of cellular signaling. In the blood system, at low concentration, they act as generators of electrophiles and low concentration of H2O2, acting mostly as cellular signaling, activating the PI3K/Akt-mediated Nrf2/eNOS pathways and inhibiting the inflammatory transcription factor NF-κB, inducing the cells, organs and organism for eustress, adaptation and surviving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Kanner
- Department of Food Science, ARO, Volcani Center, Bet-Dagan 7505101, Israel; or
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrtion, Faculty of Agriculture Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 9190501, Israel
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2
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Shu P, Liang H, Zhang J, Lin Y, Chen W, Zhang D. Reactive oxygen species formation and its effect on CD4 + T cell-mediated inflammation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1199233. [PMID: 37304262 PMCID: PMC10249013 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1199233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced both enzymatically and non-enzymatically in vivo. Physiological concentrations of ROS act as signaling molecules that participate in various physiological and pathophysiological activities and play an important role in basic metabolic functions. Diseases related to metabolic disorders may be affected by changes in redox balance. This review details the common generation pathways of intracellular ROS and discusses the damage to physiological functions when the ROS concentration is too high to reach an oxidative stress state. We also summarize the main features and energy metabolism of CD4+ T-cell activation and differentiation and the effects of ROS produced during the oxidative metabolism of CD4+ T cells. Because the current treatment for autoimmune diseases damages other immune responses and functional cells in the body, inhibiting the activation and differentiation of autoreactive T cells by targeting oxidative metabolism or ROS production without damaging systemic immune function is a promising treatment option. Therefore, exploring the relationship between T-cell energy metabolism and ROS and the T-cell differentiation process provides theoretical support for discovering effective treatments for T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Dunfang Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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3
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Ma T, Ding Q, Liu C, Wu H. Electromagnetic fields regulate calcium-mediated cell fate of stem cells: osteogenesis, chondrogenesis and apoptosis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:133. [PMID: 37194107 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03303-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Electromagnetic fields (EMF) are increasing in popularity as a safe and non-invasive therapy. On the one hand, it is widely acknowledged that EMF can regulate the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells, promoting the undifferentiated cells capable of osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and chondroblast differentiation to achieve bone repair purpose. On the other hand, EMF can inhibit tumor stem cells proliferation and promote apoptosis to suppress tumor growth. As an essential second messenger, intracellular calcium plays a role in regulating cell cycle, such as proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. There is increasing evidence that the modulation of intracellular calcium ion by EMF leads to differential outcomes in different stem cells. This review summarizes the regulation of channels, transporters, and ion pumps by EMF-induced calcium oscillations. It furtherly discusses the role of molecules and pathways activated by EMF-dependent calcium oscillations in promoting bone and cartilage repair and inhibiting tumor stem cells growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Ma
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Qing Ding
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Chaoxu Liu
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Hua Wu
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
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4
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Li F, Chen X, Yang R, Zhang K, Shan W, Joosten MHAJ, Du Y. Potato protein tyrosine phosphatase StPTP1a is activated by StMKK1 to negatively regulate plant immunity. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 21:646-661. [PMID: 36519513 PMCID: PMC9946141 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Phytophthora infestans causes severe losses in potato production. The MAPK kinase StMKK1 was previously found to negatively regulate potato immunity to P. infestans. Our results showed that StMKK1 interacts with a protein tyrosine phosphatase, referred to as StPTP1a, and StMKK1 directly phosphorylates StPTP1a at residues Ser-99, Tyr-223 and Thr-290. StPTP1a is a functional phosphatase and the phosphorylation of StPTP1a at these three residues enhances its stability and catalytic activity. StPTP1a negatively regulates potato immunity and represses SA-related gene expression. Furthermore, StPTP1a interacts with, and dephosphorylates, the StMKK1 downstream signalling targets StMPK4 and -7 at their Tyr-203 residue resulting in the repression of salicylic acid (SA)-related immunity. Silencing of NbPTP1a + NbMPK4 or NbPTP1a + NbMPK7 abolished the plant immunity to P. infestans caused by NbPTP1a silencing, indicating that PTP1a functions upstream of NbMPK4 and NbMPK7. StMKK1 requires StPTP1a to negatively regulate SA-related immunity and StPTP1a is phosphorylated and stabilized during immune activation to promote the de-phosphorylation of StMPK4 and -7. Our results reveal that potato StMKK1 activates and stabilizes the tyrosine phosphatase StPTP1a that in its turn de-phosphorylates StMPK4 and -7, thereby repressing plant SA-related immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Xiaokang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Ruixin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Kun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Weixing Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | | | - Yu Du
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
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Huang M, Bargues-Carot A, Riaz Z, Wickham H, Zenitsky G, Jin H, Anantharam V, Kanthasamy A, Kanthasamy AG. Impact of Environmental Risk Factors on Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Neuroinflammation, Protein Misfolding, and Oxidative Stress in the Etiopathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:10808. [PMID: 36142718 PMCID: PMC9505762 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As a prevalent progressive neurodegenerative disorder, Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the neuropathological hallmark of the loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic (DAergic) innervation and the appearance of Lewy bodies with aggregated α-synuclein. Although several familial forms of PD have been reported to be associated with several gene variants, most cases in nature are sporadic, triggered by a complex interplay of genetic and environmental risk factors. Numerous epidemiological studies during the past two decades have shown positive associations between PD and several environmental factors, including exposure to neurotoxic pesticides/herbicides and heavy metals as well as traumatic brain injury. Other environmental factors that have been implicated as potential risk factors for PD include industrial chemicals, wood pulp mills, farming, well-water consumption, and rural residence. In this review, we summarize the environmental toxicology of PD with the focus on the elaboration of chemical toxicity and the underlying pathogenic mechanisms associated with exposure to several neurotoxic chemicals, specifically 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), rotenone, paraquat (PQ), dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT), dieldrin, manganese (Mn), and vanadium (V). Our overview of the current findings from cellular, animal, and human studies of PD provides information for possible intervention strategies aimed at halting the initiation and exacerbation of environmentally linked PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhong Huang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, 2062 Veterinary Medicine Building, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Alejandra Bargues-Carot
- Center for Neurological Disease Research, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, 325 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Zainab Riaz
- Center for Neurological Disease Research, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, 325 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Hannah Wickham
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, 2062 Veterinary Medicine Building, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Gary Zenitsky
- Center for Neurological Disease Research, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, 325 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Huajun Jin
- Center for Neurological Disease Research, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, 325 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Vellareddy Anantharam
- Center for Neurological Disease Research, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, 325 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Arthi Kanthasamy
- Center for Neurological Disease Research, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, 325 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Anumantha G. Kanthasamy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, 2062 Veterinary Medicine Building, Ames, IA 50011, USA
- Center for Neurological Disease Research, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, 325 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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Netto LES, Machado LESF. Preferential redox regulation of cysteine‐based protein tyrosine phosphatases: structural and biochemical diversity. FEBS J 2022; 289:5480-5504. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.16466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luís Eduardo S. Netto
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva Instituto de Biociências Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
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Peptide DR8 analogs alleviate pulmonary fibrosis via suppressing TGF-β1 mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition and ERK1/2 pathway in vivo and in vitro. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 167:106009. [PMID: 34537373 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.106009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic progressive lung disease that lacks effective treatments in clinic. It is characterized by repair disorder of epithelial cells, formation of fibroblast foci as well as destruction of alveolar structure. Previously we first determined that parent peptide DR8 (DHNNPQIR-NH2) has anti-fibrotic activity in bleomycin-induced mice. In order to further improve the druggability of DR8, including anti-fibrotic activity, stability and security, the structure-activity relationship was investigated using a series of D-amino acid and alanine scanning analogs of DR8. The results indicated that peptides DR8-3D and DR8-8A exhibited potent anti-fibrotic activity and better stability. Further mechanism research revealed that DR8-3D and DR8-8A ameliorated lung fibrosis by inhibiting TGF-β1 mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition process and ERK1/2 signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we found that anti-fibrotic activity of DR8 was closely related to the residues aspartic acid (Asp)1, histidine (His)2, proline (Pro)5 and glutamine (Gln)6, which suggested that the position of residues asparagine (Asn)3, asparagine (Asn)4, isoleucine (Ile)7 and arginine (Arg)8 could be further modified to optimized its anti-fibrotic effect. Therefore, we consider that DR8-3D and DR8-8A not only could be used as a potential leading compound for the treatment of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis but also laid a foundation for the development of new anti-fibrotic drugs.
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8
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Benáková Š, Holendová B, Plecitá-Hlavatá L. Redox Homeostasis in Pancreatic β-Cells: From Development to Failure. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10040526. [PMID: 33801681 PMCID: PMC8065646 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Redox status is a key determinant in the fate of β-cell. These cells are not primarily detoxifying and thus do not possess extensive antioxidant defense machinery. However, they show a wide range of redox regulating proteins, such as peroxiredoxins, thioredoxins or thioredoxin reductases, etc., being functionally compartmentalized within the cells. They keep fragile redox homeostasis and serve as messengers and amplifiers of redox signaling. β-cells require proper redox signaling already in cell ontogenesis during the development of mature β-cells from their progenitors. We bring details about redox-regulated signaling pathways and transcription factors being essential for proper differentiation and maturation of functional β-cells and their proliferation and insulin expression/maturation. We briefly highlight the targets of redox signaling in the insulin secretory pathway and focus more on possible targets of extracellular redox signaling through secreted thioredoxin1 and thioredoxin reductase1. Tuned redox homeostasis can switch upon chronic pathological insults towards the dysfunction of β-cells and to glucose intolerance. These are characteristics of type 2 diabetes, which is often linked to chronic nutritional overload being nowadays a pandemic feature of lifestyle. Overcharged β-cell metabolism causes pressure on proteostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum, mainly due to increased demand on insulin synthesis, which establishes unfolded protein response and insulin misfolding along with excessive hydrogen peroxide production. This together with redox dysbalance in cytoplasm and mitochondria due to enhanced nutritional pressure impact β-cell redox homeostasis and establish prooxidative metabolism. This can further affect β-cell communication in pancreatic islets through gap junctions. In parallel, peripheral tissues losing insulin sensitivity and overall impairment of glucose tolerance and gut microbiota establish local proinflammatory signaling and later systemic metainflammation, i.e., low chronic inflammation prooxidative properties, which target β-cells leading to their dedifferentiation, dysfunction and eventually cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Štěpánka Benáková
- Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (Š.B.); (B.H.)
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Katerinska 1660/32, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Holendová
- Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (Š.B.); (B.H.)
| | - Lydie Plecitá-Hlavatá
- Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (Š.B.); (B.H.)
- Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-296-442-285
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Srivastava AK, Chand Yadav T, Khera HK, Mishra P, Raghuwanshi N, Pruthi V, Prasad R. Insights into interplay of immunopathophysiological events and molecular mechanistic cascades in psoriasis and its associated comorbidities. J Autoimmun 2021; 118:102614. [PMID: 33578119 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2021.102614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease with complex pathogenesis and multiple etiological factors. Besides the essential role of autoreactive T cells and constellation of cytokines, the discovery of IL-23/Th17 axis as a central signaling pathway has unraveled the mechanism of accelerated inflammation in psoriasis. This has provided insights into psoriasis pathogenesis and revolutionized the development of effective biological therapies. Moreover, genome-wide association studies have identified several candidate genes and susceptibility loci associated with this disease. Although involvement of cellular innate and adaptive immune responses and dysregulation of immune cells have been implicated in psoriasis initiation and maintenance, there is still a lack of unifying mechanism for understanding the pathogenesis of this disease. Emerging evidence suggests that psoriasis is a high-mortality disease with additional burden of comorbidities, which adversely affects the treatment response and overall quality of life of patients. Furthermore, changing trends of psoriasis-associated comorbidities and shared patterns of genetic susceptibility, risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms manifest psoriasis as a multifactorial systemic disease. This review highlights the recent progress in understanding the crucial role of different immune cells, proinflammatory cytokines and microRNAs in psoriasis pathogenesis. In addition, we comprehensively discuss the involvement of various complex signaling pathways and their interplay with immune cell markers to comprehend the underlying pathophysiological mechanism, which may lead to exploration of new therapeutic targets and development of novel treatment strategies to reduce the disastrous nature of psoriasis and associated comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Tara Chand Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Harvinder Kour Khera
- Tata Institute for Genetics and Society, Centre at InStem, Bangalore, 560065, Karnataka, India; Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, United States
| | - Purusottam Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Navdeep Raghuwanshi
- Vaccine Formulation & Research Center, Gennova (Emcure) Biopharmaceuticals Limited, Pune, 411057, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vikas Pruthi
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ramasare Prasad
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
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Celik C, Franco-Obregón A, Lee EH, Hui JH, Yang Z. Directionalities of magnetic fields and topographic scaffolds synergise to enhance MSC chondrogenesis. Acta Biomater 2021; 119:169-183. [PMID: 33130304 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) chondrogenesis is modulated by diverse biophysical cues. We have previously shown that brief, low-amplitude pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) differentially enhance MSC chondrogenesis in scaffold-free pellet cultures versus conventional tissue culture plastic (TCP), indicating an interplay between magnetism and micromechanical environment. Here, we examined the influence of PEMF directionality over the chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs laden on electrospun fibrous scaffolds of either random (RND) or aligned (ALN) orientations. Correlating MSCs' chondrogenic outcome to pFAK activation and YAP localisation, MSCs on the RND scaffolds experienced the least amount of resting mechanical stress and underwent greatest chondrogenic differentiation in response to brief PEMF exposure (10 min at 1 mT) perpendicular to the dominant plane of the scaffolds (Z-directed). By contrast, in MSC-impregnated RND scaffolds, greatest mitochondrial respiration resulted from X-directed PEMF exposure (parallel to the scaffold plane), and was associated with curtailed chondrogenesis. MSCs on TCP or the ALN scaffolds exhibited greater resting mechanical stress and accordingly, were unresponsive, or negatively responsive, to PEMF exposure from all directions. The efficacy of PEMF-induced MSC chondrogenesis is hence regulated in a multifaceted manner involving focal adhesion dynamics, as well as mitochondrial responses, culminating in a final cellular response. The combined contributions of micromechanical environment and magnetic field orientation hence will need to be considered when designing magnetic exposure paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cenk Celik
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228
| | - Alfredo Franco-Obregón
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228; BioIonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory, BICEPS, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599; Institute for Health Innovation & Technology, iHealthtech, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599; Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, DSO (Kent Ridge) Building, #04-01, 27 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117593.
| | - Eng Hin Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228; Tissue Engineering Program (NUSTEP), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, DSO (Kent Ridge) Building, #04-01, 27 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117510
| | - James Hp Hui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228; Tissue Engineering Program (NUSTEP), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, DSO (Kent Ridge) Building, #04-01, 27 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117510
| | - Zheng Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228; Tissue Engineering Program (NUSTEP), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, DSO (Kent Ridge) Building, #04-01, 27 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117510.
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Polyphenols by Generating H 2O 2, Affect Cell Redox Signaling, Inhibit PTPs and Activate Nrf2 Axis for Adaptation and Cell Surviving: In Vitro, In Vivo and Human Health. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9090797. [PMID: 32867057 PMCID: PMC7555200 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9090797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Human health benefits from different polyphenols molecules consumption in the diet, derived mainly by their common activities in the gastrointestinal tract and at the level of blood micro-capillary. In the stomach, intestine and colon, polyphenols act as reducing agents preventing lipid peroxidation, generation and absorption of AGEs/ALEs (advanced glycation end products/advanced lipid oxidation end products) and postprandial oxidative stress. The low absorption of polyphenols in blood does not support their activity as antioxidants and their mechanism of activity is not fully understood. The results are from in vitro, animal and human studies, detected by relevant oxidative stress markers. The review carries evidences that polyphenols, by generating H2O2 at nM concentration, exogenous to cells and organs, act as activators of signaling factors increasing cell Eustress. When polyphenols attain high concentration in the blood system, they generate H2O2 at µM concentration, acting as cytotoxic agents and Distress. Pre-treatment of cells or organisms with polyphenols, by generating H2O2 at low levels, inhibits cellular PTPs (protein tyrosine phosphatases), inducing cell signaling through transcription of the Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) axis of adaptation and protection to oxidation stress. Polyphenols ingestion at the right amount and time during the meal acts synergistically at the level of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and blood system, for keeping the redox homeostasis in our organism and better balancing human health.
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12
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Espinosa-Sánchez A, Suárez-Martínez E, Sánchez-Díaz L, Carnero A. Therapeutic Targeting of Signaling Pathways Related to Cancer Stemness. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1533. [PMID: 32984007 PMCID: PMC7479251 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The theory of cancer stem cells (CSCs) proposes that the different cells within a tumor, as well as metastasis deriving from it, are originated from a single subpopulation of cells with self-renewal and differentiation capacities. These cancer stem cells are supposed to be critical for tumor expansion and metastasis, tumor relapse and resistance to conventional therapies, such as chemo- and radiotherapy. The acquisition of these abilities has been attributed to the activation of alternative pathways, for instance, WNT, NOTCH, SHH, PI3K, Hippo, or NF-κB pathways, that regulate detoxification mechanisms; increase the metabolic rate; induce resistance to apoptotic, autophagic, and senescence pathways; promote the overexpression of drug transporter proteins; and activate specific stem cell transcription factors. The elimination of CSCs is an important goal in cancer therapeutic approaches because it could decrease relapses and metastatic dissemination, which are main causes of mortality in oncology patients. In this work, we discuss the role of these signaling pathways in CSCs along with their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asunción Espinosa-Sánchez
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
- CIBER de Cancer, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisa Suárez-Martínez
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
- CIBER de Cancer, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Sánchez-Díaz
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
- CIBER de Cancer, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amancio Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
- CIBER de Cancer, Madrid, Spain
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Liu Y, Burton T, Rayner BS, San Gabriel PT, Shi H, El Kazzi M, Wang X, Dennis JM, Ahmad G, Schroder AL, Gao A, Witting PK, Chami B. The role of sodium thiocyanate supplementation during dextran sodium sulphate-stimulated experimental colitis. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 692:108490. [PMID: 32721434 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis is a condition characterised by the infiltration of leukocytes into the gastrointestinal wall. Leukocyte-MPO catalyses hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and hypothiocyanous acid (HOSCN) formation from chloride (Cl-) and thiocyanous (SCN-) anions, respectively. While HOCl indiscriminately oxidises biomolecules, HOSCN primarily targets low-molecular weight protein thiols. Oxidative damage mediated by HOSCN may be reversible, potentially decreasing MPO-associated host tissue destruction. This study investigated the effect of SCN- supplementation in a model of acute colitis. Female mice were supplemented dextran sodium sulphate (DSS, 3% w/v) in the presence of 10 mM Cl- or SCN- in drinking water ad libitum, or with salts (NaCl and NaSCN only) or water only (controls). Behavioural studies showed mice tolerated NaSCN and NaCl-treated water with water-seeking frequency. Ion-exchange chromatography showed increased fecal and plasma SCN- levels in thiocyanate supplemented mice; plasma SCN- reached similar fold-increase for smokers. Overall there was no difference in weight loss and clinical score, mucin levels, crypt integrity and extent of cellular infiltration between DSS/SCN- and DSS/Cl- groups. Neutrophil recruitment remained unchanged in DSS-treated mice, as assessed by fecal calprotectin levels. Total thiol and tyrosine phosphatase activity remained unchanged between DSS/Cl- and DSS/SCN- groups, however, colonic tissue showed a trend in decreased 3-chlorotyrosine (1.5-fold reduction, p < 0.051) and marked increase in colonic GCLC, the rate-limiting enzyme in glutathione synthesis. These data suggest that SCN- administration can modulate MPO activity towards a HOSCN-specific pathway, however, this does not alter the development of colitis within a DSS murine model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Liu
- Discipline of Pathology, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Thomas Burton
- Animal Behavioural Facility, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Medical Sciences and the Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Benjamin Saul Rayner
- Heart Research Institute, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Patrick T San Gabriel
- Discipline of Pathology, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Han Shi
- Discipline of Pathology, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Mary El Kazzi
- Discipline of Pathology, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - XiaoSuo Wang
- Discipline of Pathology, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Joanne M Dennis
- Discipline of Pathology, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Gulfam Ahmad
- Discipline of Pathology, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Angie L Schroder
- Discipline of Pathology, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Antony Gao
- Discipline of Pathology, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Paul Kenneth Witting
- Discipline of Pathology, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Belal Chami
- Discipline of Pathology, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
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14
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Mo ZQ, Lai XL, Wang WT, Chen HP, He ZC, Han R, Wang JL, Luo XC, Li YW, Dan XM. Identification and characterization of c-raf from orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 96:311-318. [PMID: 31830568 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
C-Raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine kinase is a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP) kinase kinase, which can initiate a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade by phosphorylating the dual-specific MAP kinase kinases (MEK1/2), and in turn activate the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2). To study the function of c-Raf in teleost fish, a c-Raf cDNA sequence from orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) was cloned. Ecc-Raf shared 81%-99% amino acid identity with other vertebrate c-Raf molecules, and shared the highest amino acid identity (99%) with Lates calcarifer c-Raf. Genomic structure analysis revealed that grouper c-Raf shared a conserved exon structure with other vertebrates. Tissue distribution showed that Ecc-Raf was mainly transcribed in systemic immune organs. Ecc-Raf was distributed throughout the cytoplasm of transfected GS cells and the overexpression of Ecc-Raf only slightly enhanced the activation of Activator protein 1. The phosphorylation levels of Ecc-Raf can be induced by PMA and H2O2 treatment, in contrast to DMSO or untreated HKLs. Moreover, the phosphorylation level of the Raf-MEK-ERK axis was downregulated after 24 h of SGIV infection. On the other hand, the total level and phosphorylation level of c-Raf significantly increased post C. irritans infection and showed an enhanced level post immunization. The results of this study suggested that the Raf-MEK-ERK cascade was involved in the response to viral or parasitic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Quan Mo
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, China; College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xue-Li Lai
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wan-Tao Wang
- Provincial Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 305001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Hong-Ping Chen
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhi-Chang He
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Rui Han
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jiu-Le Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Chun Luo
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yan-Wei Li
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Xue-Ming Dan
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, China.
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15
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Thimmulappa RK, Chattopadhyay I, Rajasekaran S. Oxidative Stress Mechanisms in the Pathogenesis of Environmental Lung Diseases. OXIDATIVE STRESS IN LUNG DISEASES 2019. [PMCID: PMC7120104 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-32-9366-3_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Globally, respiratory diseases are major cause of disability and mortality, and more alarmingly, it disproportionately affects developing countries, which is largely attributed to poor quality of air. Tobacco smoke and emissions from combustion of fossil fuel and biomass fuel are the major airborne pollutants affecting human lung health. Oxidative stress is the dominant driving force by which the airborne pollutants exert their toxicity in lungs and cause respiratory diseases. Most airborne pollutants are associated with intrinsic oxidative potential and, additionally, stimulate endogenous production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Elevated ROS and RNS in lungs modulate redox signals and cause irreversible damage to critical biomolecules (lipids, proteins and DNA) and initiate various pathogenic cellular process. This chapter provides an insight into oxidative stress-linked pathogenic cellular process such as lipid peroxidation, inflammation, cell death, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, epigenetic changes, profibrotic signals and mucus hypersecretion, which drive the development and progression of lung diseases. Lungs are associated with robust enzymatic and non-enzymatic (GSH, ascorbic acid, uric acid, vitamin E) antioxidant defences. However, sustained production of free radicals due to continuous exposures to airborne pollutants overwhelms lung antioxidant defences and causes oxidative injury. Preclinical studies have demonstrated the critical roles and therapeutic potential of upregulating lung antioxidants for intervention of respiratory diseases; however, so far clinical benefits in antioxidant supplementation trials have been minimal and conflicting. Antioxidants alone may not be effective in treatment of respiratory diseases; however it could be a promising adjunctive therapy.
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16
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Wang D, Yan Z, Bu L, An C, Deng B, Zhang J, Rao J, Cheng L, Zhang J, Zhang B, Xie J. Protective effect of peptide DR8 on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by regulating the TGF-β/MAPK signaling pathway and oxidative stress. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 382:114703. [PMID: 31398421 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a fatal and irreversible lung disease that eventually causes respiratory failure, lung dysfunction and death. The peptide DHNNPQIR-NH2 (DR8) has been reported to possess potent antioxidant activity, and an imbalance of oxidation/antioxidation is a crucial mechanism that causes PF. Here, we studied the ability of DR8 to improve PF and further explored the pathway in which DR8 plays a critical role. We found that after prophylactic or therapeutic treatment with DR8, fibrosis-associated indices, including marker proteins, proinflammatory cytokines and profibrogenic cytokines, were significantly downregulated. Importantly, DR8 could reduce bleomycin-induced pathological changes and collagen deposition, especially collagen I content. Furthermore, DR8 prominently upregulated nonenzymatic antioxidants and enzymatic antioxidants. Consistent with the in vivo results, we observed that DR8 significantly inhibited the proliferation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation of A549 cells and NIH3T3 cells stimulated with transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), as well as decreased NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) levels under the same conditions. Moreover, DR8 reversed the TGF-β1-induced upregulation of phosphorylated ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK in cells and the bleomycin-induced upregulation of these indices in mice. Our results indicate that DR8 could prevent and treat PF by reducing oxidative damage and suppressing the TGF-β/MAPK pathway. Because of the high efficiency and low toxicity of DR8, we consider that DR8 could be a candidate drug for PF, and our studies establish a foundation for the development of a lead compound to be used as a therapy for fibrosis-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhibin Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lili Bu
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chunmei An
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Bochuan Deng
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jing Rao
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lu Cheng
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jingying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Bangzhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Junqiu Xie
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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17
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Mitra S, Nguyen LN, Akter M, Park G, Choi EH, Kaushik NK. Impact of ROS Generated by Chemical, Physical, and Plasma Techniques on Cancer Attenuation. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1030. [PMID: 31336648 PMCID: PMC6678366 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11071030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
For the last few decades, while significant improvements have been achieved in cancer therapy, this family of diseases is still considered one of the deadliest threats to human health. Thus, there is an urgent need to find novel strategies in order to tackle this vital medical issue. One of the most pivotal causes of cancer initiation is the presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) inside the body. Interestingly, on the other hand, high doses of ROS possess the capability to damage malignant cells. Moreover, several important intracellular mechanisms occur during the production of ROS. For these reasons, inducing ROS inside the biological system by utilizing external physical or chemical methods is a promising approach to inhibit the growth of cancer cells. Beside conventional technologies, cold atmospheric plasmas are now receiving much attention as an emerging therapeutic tool for cancer treatment due to their unique biophysical behavior, including the ability to generate considerable amounts of ROS. This review summarizes the important mechanisms of ROS generated by chemical, physical, and plasma approaches. We also emphasize the biological effects and cancer inhibition capabilities of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarmistha Mitra
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Applied Plasma Medicine Center, Department of Plasma Bio-display, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea
| | - Linh Nhat Nguyen
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Applied Plasma Medicine Center, Department of Plasma Bio-display, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea
| | - Mahmuda Akter
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Applied Plasma Medicine Center, Department of Plasma Bio-display, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea
| | - Gyungsoon Park
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Applied Plasma Medicine Center, Department of Plasma Bio-display, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea
| | - Eun Ha Choi
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Applied Plasma Medicine Center, Department of Plasma Bio-display, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea.
| | - Nagendra Kumar Kaushik
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Applied Plasma Medicine Center, Department of Plasma Bio-display, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea.
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18
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HoxA10 Facilitates SHP-1-Catalyzed Dephosphorylation of p38 MAPK/STAT3 To Repress Hepatitis B Virus Replication by a Feedback Regulatory Mechanism. J Virol 2019; 93:JVI.01607-18. [PMID: 30674631 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01607-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the leading cause of chronic hepatitis B (CHB), liver cirrhosis (LC), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study reveals a distinct mechanism underlying the regulation of HBV replication. HBV activates homeobox A10 (HoxA10) in human hepatocytes, leukocytes, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), HepG2-NTCP cells, leukocytes isolated from CHB patients, and HBV-associated HCC tissues. HoxA10 in turn represses HBV replication in human hepatocytes, HepG2-NTCP cells, and BALB/c mice. Interestingly, we show that during early HBV infection, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) were activated to facilitate HBV replication; however, during late HBV infection, HoxA10 was induced to attenuate HBV replication. Detailed studies reveal that HoxA10 binds to p38 MAPK, recruits SH2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 (SHP-1) to facilitate SHP-1 in catalyzing dephosphorylation of p38 MAPK/STAT3, and thereby attenuates p38 MAPK/STAT3 activation and HBV replication. Furthermore, HoxA10 binds to the HBV enhancer element I (EnhI)/X promoter, competes with STAT3 for binding of the promoter, and thereby represses HBV transcription. Taken together, these results show that HoxA10 attenuates HBV replication through repressing the p38 MAPK/STAT3 pathway by two approaches: HoxA10 interacts with p38 MAPK and recruits SHP-1 to repress HBV replication, and HoxA10 binds to the EnhI/X promoter and competes with STAT3 to attenuate HBV transcription. Thus, the function of HoxA10 is similar to the action of interferon (IFN) in terms of inhibition of HBV infection; however, the mechanism of HoxA10-mediated repression of HBV replication is different from the mechanism underlying IFN-induced inhibition of HBV infection.IMPORTANCE Two billion people have been infected with HBV worldwide; about 240 million infected patients developed chronic hepatitis B (CHB), and 650,000 die each year from liver cirrhosis (LC) or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This work elucidates a mechanism underlying the control of HBV replication. HBV infection activates HoxA10, a regulator of cell differentiation and cancer progression, in human cells and patients with CHB and HCC. HoxA10 subsequently inhibits HBV replication in human tissue culture cells and mice. Additionally, HoxA10 interacts with p38 MAPK to repress the activation of p38 MAPK and STAT3 and recruits and facilitates SHP-1 to catalyze the dephosphorylation of p38 MAPK and STAT3. Moreover, HoxA10 competes with STAT3 for binding of the HBV X promoter to repress HBV transcription. Thus, this work reveals a negative regulatory mechanism underlying the control of HBV replication and provides new insights into the development of potential agents to control HBV infection.
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19
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Oh SH, Choi SY, Choi HJ, Ryu HM, Kim YJ, Jung HY, Cho JH, Kim CD, Park SH, Kwon TH, Kim YL. The emerging role of xanthine oxidase inhibition for suppression of breast cancer cell migration and metastasis associated with hypercholesterolemia. FASEB J 2019; 33:7301-7314. [PMID: 30860872 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802415rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia is reported to increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) and to promote breast cancer progression. ROS play an important role in tumor biology, and xanthine oxidase (XO) is an enzyme that generates ROS. The effects of febuxostat (FBX), an XO inhibitor, on breast cancer cell migration under LDL stimulation in vitro and metastasis of breast cancer associated with hypercholesterolemia in vivo were studied. In vitro, FBX significantly inhibited LDL-induced ROS production and cell migration. Treatment of small interfering RNA against XO was consistent with the findings of FBX treatment. In vivo, a significant increase of tumor growth and pulmonary metastasis was observed in a xenograft mouse model with 4T1 cells on a high cholesterol diet (HCD), both of which were markedly inhibited by FBX or allopurinol treatment. Moreover, ERK represented the main target-signaling pathway that was affected by FBX treatment in a xenograft mouse model on an HCD evaluated by NanoString nCounter analysis. Consistently, MEK/ERK inhibitors directly decreased the LDL-induced cell migration in vitro. In conclusion, FBX mitigates breast cancer cell migration and pulmonary metastasis in the hyperlipidemic condition, associated with decreased ROS generation and MAPK phosphorylation. The inhibition of ERK pathways is likely to underlie the XO inhibitor-mediated suppression of breast cancer cell migration.-Oh, S.-H., Choi, S.-Y., Choi, H.-J., Ryu, H.-M., Kim, Y.-J., Jung, H.-Y., Cho, J.-H., Kim, C.-D., Park, S.-H., Kwon, T.-H., Kim, Y.-L. The emerging role of xanthine oxidase inhibition for suppression of breast cancer cell migration and metastasis associated with hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Hyun Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea; and
| | - Soon-Youn Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea; and
| | - Hye-Myung Ryu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - You-Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea; and
| | - Hee-Yeon Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jang-Hee Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Chan-Duck Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Sun-Hee Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Tae-Hwan Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea; and.,Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Yong-Lim Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
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20
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Ma S, Fu A, Lim S, Chiew GGY, Luo KQ. MnSOD mediates shear stress-promoted tumor cell migration and adhesion. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 129:46-58. [PMID: 30193891 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Circulation of cancer cells in the bloodstream is a vital step for distant metastasis, during which cancer cells are exposed to hemodynamic shear stress (SS). The actions of SS on tumor cells are complicated and not fully understood. We previously reported that fluidic SS was able to promote migration of breast cancer cells by elevating the cellular ROS level. In this study, we further investigated the mechanisms regulating SS-promoted cell migration and identified the role of MnSOD in the related pathway. We found that SS could enhance tumor cell adhesion to extracellular matrix and endothelial monolayer, and MnSOD also regulated this process. Briefly, SS stimulates the generation of mitochondrial superoxide in tumor cells. MnSOD then converts superoxide into hydrogen peroxide, which activates ERK1/2 to promote tumor cell migration and activates FAK to promote tumor cell adhesion. Combining our previous and present studies, we present experimental evidence on the pro-metastatic effects of hemodynamic SS and reveal the underlying mechanism. Our findings provide new insights into the nature of cancer metastasis and the understanding of tumor cell responses to external stresses and have valuable implications for cancer therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijun Ma
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Afu Fu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Sierin Lim
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | | | - Kathy Qian Luo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.
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21
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Chaiswing L, St. Clair WH, St. Clair DK. Redox Paradox: A Novel Approach to Therapeutics-Resistant Cancer. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 29:1237-1272. [PMID: 29325444 PMCID: PMC6157438 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Cancer cells that are resistant to radiation and chemotherapy are a major problem limiting the success of cancer therapy. Aggressive cancer cells depend on elevated intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to proliferate, self-renew, and metastasize. As a result, these aggressive cancers maintain high basal levels of ROS compared with normal cells. The prominence of the redox state in cancer cells led us to consider whether increasing the redox state to the condition of oxidative stress could be used as a successful adjuvant therapy for aggressive cancers. Recent Advances: Past attempts using antioxidant compounds to inhibit ROS levels in cancers as redox-based therapy have met with very limited success. However, recent clinical trials using pro-oxidant compounds reveal noteworthy results, which could have a significant impact on the development of strategies for redox-based therapies. CRITICAL ISSUES The major objective of this review is to discuss the role of the redox state in aggressive cancers and how to utilize the shift in redox state to improve cancer therapy. We also discuss the paradox of redox state parameters; that is, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as the driver molecule for cancer progression as well as a target for cancer treatment. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Based on the biological significance of the redox state, we postulate that this system could potentially be used to create a new avenue for targeted therapy, including the potential to incorporate personalized redox therapy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luksana Chaiswing
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky-Lexington, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - William H. St. Clair
- Department of Radiation Medicine, University of Kentucky-Lexington, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Daret K. St. Clair
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky-Lexington, Lexington, Kentucky
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22
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Oliveira MF, Geihs MA, França TFA, Moreira DC, Hermes-Lima M. Is "Preparation for Oxidative Stress" a Case of Physiological Conditioning Hormesis? Front Physiol 2018; 9:945. [PMID: 30116197 PMCID: PMC6082956 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus F Oliveira
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcio A Geihs
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Thiago F A França
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Daniel C Moreira
- Área de Morfologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil.,Departamento de Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Hermes-Lima
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
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23
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A Boolean network of the crosstalk between IGF and Wnt signaling in aging satellite cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195126. [PMID: 29596489 PMCID: PMC5875862 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a complex biological process, which determines the life span of an organism. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and Wnt signaling pathways govern the process of aging. Both pathways share common downstream targets that allow competitive crosstalk between these branches. Of note, a shift from IGF to Wnt signaling has been observed during aging of satellite cells. Biological regulatory networks necessary to recreate aging have not yet been discovered. Here, we established a mathematical in silico model that robustly recapitulates the crosstalk between IGF and Wnt signaling. Strikingly, it predicts critical nodes following a shift from IGF to Wnt signaling. These findings indicate that this shift might cause age-related diseases.
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Chittiboyina S, Bai Y, Lelièvre SA. Microenvironment-Cell Nucleus Relationship in the Context of Oxidative Stress. Front Cell Dev Biol 2018; 6:23. [PMID: 29594114 PMCID: PMC5854663 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2018.00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The microenvironment is a source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that influence cell phenotype and tissue homeostasis. The impact of ROS on redox pathways as well as directly on epigenetic mechanisms and the DNA illustrate communication with the cell nucleus. Changes in gene transcription related to redox conditions also influence the content and structure of the extracellular matrix. However, the importance of microenvironmental ROS for normal progression through life and disease development still needs to be thoroughly understood. We illustrate how different ROS concentration levels trigger various intracellular pathways linked to nuclear functions and determine processes necessary for the differentiation of stem cells. The abnormal predominance of ROS that leads to oxidative stress is emphasized in light of its impact on aging and diseases related to aging. These phenomena are discussed in the context of the possible contribution of extracellular ROS via direct diffusion into cells responsible for organ function, but also via an impact on stromal cells that triggers extracellular modifications and influences mechanotransduction. Finally, we argue that organs-on-a-chip with controlled microenvironmental conditions can help thoroughly grasp whether ROS production is readily a cause or a consequence of certain disorders, and better understand the concentration levels of extracellular ROS that are necessary to induce a switch in phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirisha Chittiboyina
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- 3D Cell Culture Core, Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University Discovery Park, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Yunfeng Bai
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Sophie A. Lelièvre
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- 3D Cell Culture Core, Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University Discovery Park, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, United States
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Lin CY, Hu CT, Cheng CC, Lee MC, Pan SM, Lin TY, Wu WS. Oxidation of heat shock protein 60 and protein disulfide isomerase activates ERK and migration of human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2. Oncotarget 2017; 7:11067-82. [PMID: 26840563 PMCID: PMC4905458 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its receptor c-Met were frequently deregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Signaling pathways activated by HGF-c-Met are promising targets for preventing HCC progression. HGF can induce the reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling for cell adhesion, migration and invasion of tumors including HCC. On the other hand, extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), member of mitogen activated kinase, can be activated by ROS for a lot of cellular processes. As expected, HGF-induced phosphorylation of ERK and progression of HCC cell HepG2 were suppressed by ROS scavengers. By N-(biotinoyl)-N'-(iodoacetyl)-ethylenediamine (BIAM) labeling method, a lot of cysteine (-SH)-containing proteins with M.W. 50-75 kD were decreased in HepG2 treated with HGF or two other ROS generators, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and phenazine methosulfate. These redox sensitive proteins were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. Among them, two chaperones, heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) and protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), were found to be the most common redox sensitive proteins in responding to all three agonists. Affinity blot of BIAM-labeled, immunoprecipitated HSP60 and PDI verified that HGF can decrease the cysteine (-SH) containing HSP60 and PDI. On the other hand, HGF and TPA increased cysteinyl glutathione-containing HSP60, consistent with the decrease of cysteine (-SH)-containing HSP60. Moreover, depletion of HSP60 and PDI or expression of dominant negative mutant of HSP60 with alteration of Cys, effectively prevented HGF-induced ERK phosphorylation and HepG2 migration.In conclusion, the redox sensitive HSP60 and PDI are required for HGF-induced ROS signaling and potential targets for preventing HCC progressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Yi Lin
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, and Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Tan Hu
- Research Centre for Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Chu Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Che Lee
- Department of Surgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Siou-Mei Pan
- Research Centre for Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Teng-Yi Lin
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, and Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Sheng Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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Singh AK, Vinayak M. Activation of ERK signalling by Src family kinases (SFKs) in DRG neurons contributes to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced thermal hyperalgesia. Free Radic Res 2017; 51:838-850. [DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2017.1382691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ajeet Kumar Singh
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Manjula Vinayak
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Chami B, Jeong G, Varda A, Maw AM, Kim HB, Fong G, Simone M, Rayner B, Wang XS, Dennis J, Witting P. The nitroxide 4-methoxy TEMPO inhibits neutrophil-stimulated kinase activation in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. Arch Biochem Biophys 2017; 629:19-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Rohr-Udilova N, Klinglmüller F, Seif M, Hayden H, Bilban M, Pinter M, Stolze K, Sieghart W, Peck-Radosavljevic M, Trauner M. Oxidative stress mediates an increased formation of vascular endothelial growth factor in human hepatocarcinoma cells exposed to erlotinib. Oncotarget 2017; 8:57109-57120. [PMID: 28915658 PMCID: PMC5593629 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The tyrosine kinase inhibitor erlotinib targets the receptor of epidermal growth factor (EGFR) involved in development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although inefficient in established HCC, erlotinib has been recently proposed for HCC chemoprevention. Since Cyp3A4 and Cyp1A2 enzymes metabolize erlotinib in the liver, the insights into the mechanisms of erlotinib effects on liver cells with maintained drug metabolizing activity are needed. We applied erlotinib to both commercially available (SNU398, Huh7) and established in Austria HCC cell lines (HCC-1.2, HCC-3). Cyp3A4 and Cyp1A2, microarray gene expression, cell viability, LDH release, DHFC fluorescence were assessed. VEGF expression was analysed by real-time RT-PCR and ELISA. Higher cumulative expression of erlotinib metabolizing enzymes was observed in HCC-1.2 and HCC-3 cells. Gene expression microarray analysis showed upregulation of VEGF signalling by erlotinib. VEGF was increased up to 134 ± 14% (n = 5, p = 0.002) in HCC-1.2, HCC-3 and Huh7 cells. Interventions by Cyp1A2 and Mek2siRNA, MEK inhibitor UO126, diphenylene iodonium, as well as a combination of N-acetylcysteine with selenium all inhibited VEGF upregulation caused by erlotinib. Thus, erlotinib increases VEGF production by mechanisms involving Cyp1A2, oxidative stress and MEK1/2. VEGF may favour angiogenesis and growth of early HCC tumours limiting the therapeutic and chemopreventive effects of erlotinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya Rohr-Udilova
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Klinglmüller
- Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martha Seif
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hubert Hayden
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Bilban
- Clinical Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Pinter
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus Stolze
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, A-1220 Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Sieghart
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Peck-Radosavljevic
- Clinic Klagenfurth, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 9020 Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, Austria
| | - Michael Trauner
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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Singh AK, Vinayak M. Resveratrol alleviates inflammatory hyperalgesia by modulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidant enzymes and ERK activation. Inflamm Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-017-1072-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Raza MH, Siraj S, Arshad A, Waheed U, Aldakheel F, Alduraywish S, Arshad M. ROS-modulated therapeutic approaches in cancer treatment. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2017. [PMID: 28647857 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-017-2464-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced in cancer cells as a result of increased metabolic rate, dysfunction of mitochondria, elevated cell signaling, expression of oncogenes and increased peroxisome activities. Certain level of ROS is required by cancer cells, above or below which lead to cytotoxicity in cancer cells. This biochemical aspect can be exploited to develop novel therapeutic agents to preferentially and selectively target cancer cells. METHODS We searched various electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for peer-reviewed english-language articles. Selected articles ranging from research papers, clinical studies, and review articles on the ROS production in living systems, its role in cancer development and cancer treatment, and the role of microbiota in ROS-dependent cancer therapy were analyzed. RESULTS This review highlights oxidative stress in tumors, underlying mechanisms of different relationships of ROS and cancer cells, different ROS-mediated therapeutic strategies and the emerging role of microbiota in cancer therapy. CONCLUSION Cancer cells exhibit increased ROS stress and disturbed redox homeostasis which lead to ROS adaptations. ROS-dependent anticancer therapies including ROS scavenging anticancer therapy and ROS boosting anticancer therapy have shown promising results in vitro as well as in vivo. In addition, response to cancer therapy is modulated by the human microbiota which plays a critical role in systemic body functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Hassan Raza
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, International Islamic University, Sector H-10, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
| | - Sami Siraj
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University (KMU), Peshawar, 25000, Pakistan
| | - Abida Arshad
- Department of Biology, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, 46000, Pakistan
| | - Usman Waheed
- Department of Pathology and Blood Bank, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Fahad Aldakheel
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11564, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shatha Alduraywish
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11564, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Arshad
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, International Islamic University, Sector H-10, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
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Machado LESF, Shen TL, Page R, Peti W. The KIM-family protein-tyrosine phosphatases use distinct reversible oxidation intermediates: Intramolecular or intermolecular disulfide bond formation. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:8786-8796. [PMID: 28389559 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.774174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The kinase interaction motif (KIM) family of protein-tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) includes hematopoietic protein-tyrosine phosphatase (HePTP), striatal-enriched protein-tyrosine phosphatase (STEP), and protein-tyrosine phosphatase receptor type R (PTPRR). KIM-PTPs bind and dephosphorylate mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and thereby critically modulate cell proliferation and differentiation. PTP activity can readily be diminished by reactive oxygen species (ROS), e.g. H2O2, which oxidize the catalytically indispensable active-site cysteine. This initial oxidation generates an unstable sulfenic acid intermediate that is quickly converted into either a sulfinic/sulfonic acid (catalytically dead and irreversible inactivation) or a stable sulfenamide or disulfide bond intermediate (reversible inactivation). Critically, our understanding of ROS-mediated PTP oxidation is not yet sufficient to predict the molecular responses of PTPs to oxidative stress. However, identifying distinct responses will enable novel routes for PTP-selective drug design, important for managing diseases such as cancer and Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, we performed a detailed biochemical and molecular study of all KIM-PTP family members to determine their H2O2 oxidation profiles and identify their reversible inactivation mechanism(s). We show that despite having nearly identical 3D structures and sequences, each KIM-PTP family member has a unique oxidation profile. Furthermore, we also show that whereas STEP and PTPRR stabilize their reversibly oxidized state by forming an intramolecular disulfide bond, HePTP uses an unexpected mechanism, namely, formation of a reversible intermolecular disulfide bond. In summary, despite being closely related, KIM-PTPs significantly differ in oxidation profiles. These findings highlight that oxidation protection is critical when analyzing PTPs, for example, in drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rebecca Page
- Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912
| | - Wolfgang Peti
- From the Departments of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology and Biotechnology, .,Chemistry, and
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Galadari S, Rahman A, Pallichankandy S, Thayyullathil F. Reactive oxygen species and cancer paradox: To promote or to suppress? Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 104:144-164. [PMID: 28088622 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 622] [Impact Index Per Article: 88.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), a group of highly reactive ions and molecules, are increasingly being appreciated as powerful signaling molecules involved in the regulation of a variety of biological processes. Indeed, their role is continuously being delineated in a variety of pathophysiological conditions. For instance, cancer cells are shown to have increased ROS levels in comparison to their normal counterparts. This is partly due to an enhanced metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction in cancer cells. The escalated ROS generation in cancer cells contributes to the biochemical and molecular changes necessary for the tumor initiation, promotion and progression, as well as, tumor resistance to chemotherapy. Therefore, increased ROS in cancer cells may provide a unique opportunity to eliminate cancer cells via elevating ROS to highly toxic levels intracellularly, thereby, activating various ROS-induced cell death pathways, or inhibiting cancer cell resistance to chemotherapy. Such results can be achieved by using agents that either increase ROS generation, or inhibit antioxidant defense, or even a combination of both. In fact, a large variety of anticancer drugs, and some of those currently under clinical trials, effectively kill cancer cells and overcome drug resistance via enhancing ROS generation and/or impeding the antioxidant defense mechanism. This review focuses on our current understanding of the tumor promoting (tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis, and chemoresistance) and the tumor suppressive (apoptosis, autophagy, and necroptosis) functions of ROS, and highlights the potential mechanism(s) involved. It also sheds light on a very novel and an actively growing field of ROS-dependent cell death mechanism referred to as ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehamuddin Galadari
- Cell Signaling Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE; Al Jalila Foundation Research Centre, P.O. Box 300100, Dubai, UAE.
| | - Anees Rahman
- Cell Signaling Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
| | - Siraj Pallichankandy
- Cell Signaling Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
| | - Faisal Thayyullathil
- Cell Signaling Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
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Intracellular IL-37b interacts with Smad3 to suppress multiple signaling pathways and the metastatic phenotype of tumor cells. Oncogene 2017; 36:2889-2899. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Ardanaz N, Pagano PJ. Hydrogen Peroxide as a Paracrine Vascular Mediator: Regulation and Signaling Leading to Dysfunction. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 231:237-51. [PMID: 16514169 DOI: 10.1177/153537020623100302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated the ability of a variety of vascular cells, including endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and fibroblasts, to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). Until recently, major emphasis was placed on the production of superoxide anion (O2–) in the vasculature as a result of its ability to directly attenuate the biological activity of endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO). The short half-life and radius of diffusion of O2– drastically limit the role of this ROS as an important paracrine hormone in vascular biology. On the contrary, in recent years, the O2– metabolite hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has increasingly been viewed as an important cellular signaling agent in its own right, capable of modulating both contractile and growth-promoting pathways with more far-reaching effects. In this review, we will assess the vascular production of H2O2, its regulation by endogenous scavenger systems, and its ability to activate a variety of vascular signaling pathways, thereby leading to vascular contraction and growth. This discussion will include the ability of H2O2 to (i) Initiate calcium flux as well as (ii) stimulate pathways leading to sensitization of contractile elements to calcium. The latter involves a variety of protein kinases that have also been strongly implicated in vascular hypertrophy. Previous Intensive study has emphasized the ability of NADPH oxidase-derived O2– and H2O2 to activate these pathways in cultured smooth muscle cells. However, growing evidence indicates a considerably more complex array of unique oxidase systems in the endothelium, media, and adventitia that appear to participate in these deleterious effects in a sequential and temporal manner. Taken together, these findings seem consistent with a paracrine effect of H2O2 across the vascular wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Ardanaz
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, RM 7044, E&R Building, Henry Ford Hospital, 2799 West Grand Boulevard, Detroit, MI 48202-2689, USA
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Fu YP, Liang Y, Dai YT, Yang CT, Duan MZ, Zhang Z, Hu SN, Zhang ZW, Li Y. De Novo Sequencing and Transcriptome Analysis of Pleurotus eryngii subsp. tuoliensis (Bailinggu) Mycelia in Response to Cold Stimulation. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21050560. [PMID: 27196889 PMCID: PMC6273410 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21050560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cold stimulation of Bailinggu's mycelia is the main factor that triggers primordia initiation for successful production of fruiting bodies under commercial cultivation. Yet, the molecular-level mechanisms involved in mycelia response to cold stimulation are still unclear. Here, we performed comparative transcriptomic analysis using RNA-Seq technology to better understand the gene expression regulation during different temporal stages of cold stimulation in Bailinggu. A total of 21,558 Bailinggu mycelia unigenes were de novo assembled and annotated from four libraries (control at 25 °C, plus cold stimulation treatments at -3 °C for a duration of 1-2 days, 5-6 days, and 9-10 days). GO and KEGG pathway analysis indicated that functional groups of differentially expressed unigenes associated with cell wall and membrane stabilization, calcium signaling and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathways, and soluble sugars and protein biosynthesis and metabolism pathways play a vital role in Bailinggu's response to cold stimulation. Six hundred and seven potential EST-based SSRs loci were identified in these unigenes, and 100 EST-SSR primers were randomly selected for validation. The overall polymorphism rate was 92% by using 10 wild strains of Bailinggu. Therefore, these results can serve as a valuable resource for a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms associated with Bailinggu's response to cold stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Ping Fu
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99163, USA.
| | - Yuan Liang
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Yue-Ting Dai
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Chen-Tao Yang
- China National GeneBank, Environmental Genomics, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China.
| | - Ming-Zheng Duan
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Song-Nian Hu
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Zhi-Wu Zhang
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99163, USA.
| | - Yu Li
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
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Santulli P, Marcellin L, Tosti C, Chouzenoux S, Cerles O, Borghese B, Batteux F, Chapron C. MAP kinases and the inflammatory signaling cascade as targets for the treatment of endometriosis? Expert Opin Ther Targets 2015; 19:1465-83. [PMID: 26389657 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2015.1090974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The pathogenesis of endometriosis, a common benign disease, remains ill-defined, although it is clear that chronic inflammation plays a crucial role through mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. All current medical therapies for endometriosis are antigonadotropic, and therefore have a contraceptive effect. A concerted research effort is hence warranted with the aim of delivering novel therapeutics that reduces disease symptoms without blocking ovulation. AREAS COVERED The authors review the complex pathogenic mechanisms of chronic inflammation in endometriosis and their relationships with MAPK pathways. The authors conducted a literature search of descriptive and functional targeted validation of MAPK in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. The effects of MAPK inhibitors, which constitute potential agents for future treatments, are also described. EXPERT OPINION Preliminary studies have highlighted a crucial role for MAPK in driving endometriosis-related inflammation. MAPK inhibitors exhibit potent activity in terms of controlling growth of endometriosis lesions both in vitro and in animal models. As MAPK inhibitors are known to have a multitude of undesirable side effects, their use in humans has to be approached with great care. Indeed, use of these drugs would probably be limited to short exposures prior to surgery in cases involving the most severe disease phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Santulli
- a 1 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP- HP), Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire (GHU) Ouest, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Cochin, Department of Gynecology Obstetrics II and Reproductive Medicine , 75679 Paris, France +33 1 58 41 36 72 ; .,b 2 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Department "Development, Reproduction and Cancer," Institut Cochin , INSERM U1016, Equipe Pr Batteux, Paris, France
| | - Louis Marcellin
- a 1 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP- HP), Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire (GHU) Ouest, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Cochin, Department of Gynecology Obstetrics II and Reproductive Medicine , 75679 Paris, France +33 1 58 41 36 72 ; .,b 2 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Department "Development, Reproduction and Cancer," Institut Cochin , INSERM U1016, Equipe Pr Batteux, Paris, France
| | - Claudia Tosti
- c 3 University of Siena, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine , Siena, Italy
| | - Sandrine Chouzenoux
- b 2 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Department "Development, Reproduction and Cancer," Institut Cochin , INSERM U1016, Equipe Pr Batteux, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Cerles
- b 2 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Department "Development, Reproduction and Cancer," Institut Cochin , INSERM U1016, Equipe Pr Batteux, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Borghese
- a 1 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP- HP), Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire (GHU) Ouest, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Cochin, Department of Gynecology Obstetrics II and Reproductive Medicine , 75679 Paris, France +33 1 58 41 36 72 ; .,b 2 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Department "Development, Reproduction and Cancer," Institut Cochin , INSERM U1016, Equipe Pr Batteux, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Batteux
- b 2 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Department "Development, Reproduction and Cancer," Institut Cochin , INSERM U1016, Equipe Pr Batteux, Paris, France.,d 4 Hôpital Cochin, Department of Immunology , AP-HP, 75679 Paris cedex 14, France
| | - Charles Chapron
- a 1 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP- HP), Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire (GHU) Ouest, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Cochin, Department of Gynecology Obstetrics II and Reproductive Medicine , 75679 Paris, France +33 1 58 41 36 72 ; .,b 2 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Department "Development, Reproduction and Cancer," Institut Cochin , INSERM U1016, Equipe Pr Batteux, Paris, France
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Korbecki J, Baranowska-Bosiacka I, Gutowska I, Chlubek D. Vanadium Compounds as Pro-Inflammatory Agents: Effects on Cyclooxygenases. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:12648-68. [PMID: 26053397 PMCID: PMC4490466 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160612648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper discusses how the activity and expression of cyclooxygenases are influenced by vanadium compounds at anticancer concentrations and recorded in inorganic vanadium poisonings. We refer mainly to the effects of vanadate (orthovanadate), vanadyl and pervanadate ions; the main focus is placed on their impact on intracellular signaling. We describe the exact mechanism of the effect of vanadium compounds on protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTP), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), PLCγ, Src, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades, transcription factor NF-κB, the effect on the proteolysis of COX-2 and the activity of cPLA2. For a better understanding of these processes, a lot of space is devoted to the transformation of vanadium compounds within the cell and the molecular influence on the direct targets of the discussed vanadium compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Korbecki
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Izabela Gutowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University, Broniewskiego 24 Str., 71-460 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
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Blázquez-Castro A, Stockert JC. In vitro human cell responses to a low-dose photodynamic treatment vs. mild H2O2 exposure. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2015; 143:12-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2014.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Revised: 12/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Abstract
Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory process of the pancreatic gland that eventually may lead to a severe systemic inflammatory response. A key event in pancreatic damage is the intracellular activation of NF-κB and zymogens, involving also calcium, cathepsins, pH disorders, autophagy, and cell death, particularly necrosis. This review focuses on the new role of redox signaling in acute pancreatitis. Oxidative stress and redox status are involved in the onset of acute pancreatitis and also in the development of the systemic inflammatory response, being glutathione depletion, xanthine oxidase activation, and thiol oxidation in proteins critical features of the disease in the pancreas. On the other hand, the release of extracellular hemoglobin into the circulation from the ascitic fluid in severe necrotizing pancreatitis enhances lipid peroxidation in plasma and the inflammatory infiltrate into the lung and up-regulates the HIF-VEGF pathway, contributing to the systemic inflammatory response. Therefore, redox signaling and oxidative stress contribute to the local and systemic inflammatory response during acute pancreatitis.
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Khoi PN, Xia Y, Lian S, Kim HD, Kim DH, Joo YE, Chay KO, Kim KK, Jung YD. Cadmium induces urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor expression and the cell invasiveness of human gastric cancer cells via the ERK-1/2, NF-κB, and AP-1 signaling pathways. Int J Oncol 2014; 45:1760-8. [PMID: 25069788 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium exposure has been linked to human cancers, including stomach cancer. In this study, the effects of cadmium on urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) expression in human gastric cancer cells and the underlying signal transduction pathways were investigated. Cadmium induced uPAR expression in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Cadmium also induced uPAR promoter activity. Additionally, cadmium induced the activation of extracellular signal regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK-1/2), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and the activation of c-Jun amino terminal kinase (JNK). A specific inhibitor of MEK-1 (PD98059) inhibited cadmium-induced uPAR expression, while JNK and p38 MAPK inhibitors did not. Expression vectors encoding dominant-negative MEK-1 (pMCL-K97M) also prevented cadmium-induced uPAR promoter activity. Site-directed mutagenesis and electrophoretic mobility shift studies showed that sites for the transcription factors nuclear factor (NF)-κB and activator protein-1 (AP-1) were involved in cadmium-induced uPAR transcription. Suppression of the cadmium-induced uPAR promoter activity by a mutated-type NF-κB-inducing kinase and I-κB and an AP-1 decoy oligonucleotide confirmed that the activation of NF-κB and AP-1 are essential for cadmium-induced uPAR upregulation. Cells pretreated with cadmium showed markedly enhanced invasiveness and this effect was partially abrogated by uPAR-neutralizing antibodies and by inhibitors of ERK-1/2, NF-κB, and AP-1. These results suggest that cadmium induces uPAR expression via ERK-1/2, NF-κB, and AP-1 signaling pathways and, in turn, stimulates cell invasiveness in human gastric cancer AGS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pham Ngoc Khoi
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Xia
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Sen Lian
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Dong Kim
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hyun Kim
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Eun Joo
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee-Oh Chay
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Keun Kim
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Do Jung
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
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Su BC, Mo FE. CCN1 enables Fas ligand-induced apoptosis in cardiomyoblast H9c2 cells by disrupting caspase inhibitor XIAP. Cell Signal 2014; 26:1326-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Giridharan SSP, Caplan S. MICAL-family proteins: Complex regulators of the actin cytoskeleton. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 20:2059-73. [PMID: 23834433 PMCID: PMC3993057 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE The molecules interacting with CasL (MICAL) family members participate in a multitude of activities, including axonal growth cone repulsion, membrane trafficking, apoptosis, and bristle development in flies. An interesting feature of MICAL proteins is the presence of an N-terminal flavo-mono-oxygenase domain. This mono-oxygenase domain generates redox potential with which MICALs can either oxidize proteins or produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). Actin is one such protein that is affected by MICAL function, leading to dramatic cytoskeletal rearrangements. This review describes the MICAL-family members, and discusses their mechanisms of actin-binding and regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization. RECENT ADVANCES Recent studies show that MICALs directly induce oxidation of actin molecules, leading to actin depolymerization. ROS production by MICALs also causes oxidation of collapsin response mediator protein-2, a microtubule assembly promoter, which subsequently undergoes phosphorylation. CRITICAL ISSUES MICAL proteins oxidize proteins through two mechanisms: either directly by oxidizing methionine residues or indirectly via the production of ROS. It remains unclear whether MICAL proteins employ both mechanisms or whether the activity of MICAL-family proteins might vary with different substrates. FUTURE DIRECTIONS The identification of additional substrates oxidized by MICAL will shed new light on MICAL protein function. Additional directions include expanding studies toward the MICAL-like homologs that lack flavin adenine dinucleotide domains and oxidation activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Srinivas Panapakkam Giridharan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and the Pamela and Fred Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska
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Zhang J, Chen J, Yang J, Xu C, Ding J, Yang J, Guo Q, Hu Q, Jiang H. Sodium ferulate inhibits neointimal hyperplasia in rat balloon injury model. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87561. [PMID: 24489938 PMCID: PMC3906191 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aim Neointimal formation after vessel injury is a complex process involving multiple cellular and molecular processes. Inhibition of intimal hyperplasia plays an important role in preventing proliferative vascular diseases, such as restenosis. In this study, we intended to identify whether sodium ferulate could inhibit neointimal formation and further explore potential mechanisms involved. Methods Cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) isolated from rat thoracic aorta were pre-treated with 200 µmol/L sodium ferulate for 1 hour and then stimulated with 1 µmol/L angiotensin II (Ang II) for 1 hour or 10% serum for 48 hours. Male Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to balloon catheter insertion were administrated with 200 mg/kg sodium ferulate (or saline) for 7 days before sacrificed. Results In presence of sodium ferulate, VSMCs exhibited decreased proliferation and migration, suppressed intracellular reactive oxidative species production and NADPH oxidase activity, increased SOD activation and down-regulated p38 phosphorylation compared to Ang II-stimulated alone. Meanwhile, VSMCs treated with sodium ferulate showed significantly increased protein expression of smooth muscle α-actin and smooth muscle myosin heavy chain protein. The components of Notch pathway, including nuclear Notch-1 protein, Jagged-1, Hey-1 and Hey-2 mRNA, as well as total β-catenin protein and Cyclin D1 mRNA of Wnt signaling, were all significantly decreased by sodium ferulate in cells under serum stimulation. The levels of serum 8-iso-PGF2α and arterial collagen formation in vessel wall were decreased, while the expression of contractile markers was increased in sodium ferulate treated rats. A decline of neointimal area, as well as lower ratio of intimal to medial area was observed in sodium ferulate group. Conclusion Sodium ferulate attenuated neointimal hyperplasia through suppressing oxidative stress and phenotypic switching of VSMCs.
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MESH Headings
- Angioplasty, Balloon/adverse effects
- Angiotensin II/physiology
- Animals
- Carotid Arteries/drug effects
- Carotid Arteries/pathology
- Carotid Artery Diseases/drug therapy
- Carotid Artery Diseases/etiology
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Coumaric Acids/pharmacology
- Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
- Hyperplasia/prevention & control
- Male
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/physiology
- Neointima/drug therapy
- Neointima/etiology
- Oxidative Stress/drug effects
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, PR China
| | - Changwu Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jiawang Ding
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, PR China
| | - Qing Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Qi Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
- * E-mail:
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Palomba ML, Piersanti K, Ziegler CGK, Decker H, Cotari JW, Bantilan K, Rijo I, Gardner JR, Heaney M, Bemis D, Balderas R, Malek SN, Seymour E, Zelenetz AD, van den Brink MRM, Altan-Bonnet G. Multidimensional single-cell analysis of BCR signaling reveals proximal activation defect as a hallmark of chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e79987. [PMID: 24489640 PMCID: PMC3906024 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is defined by a perturbed B-cell receptor-mediated signaling machinery. We aimed to model differential signaling behavior between B cells from CLL and healthy individuals to pinpoint modes of dysregulation. Experimental Design We developed an experimental methodology combining immunophenotyping, multiplexed phosphospecific flow cytometry, and multifactorial statistical modeling. Utilizing patterns of signaling network covariance, we modeled BCR signaling in 67 CLL patients using Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR). Results from multidimensional modeling were validated using an independent test cohort of 38 patients. Results We identified a dynamic and variable imbalance between proximal (pSYK, pBTK) and distal (pPLCγ2, pBLNK, ppERK) phosphoresponses. PLSR identified the relationship between upstream tyrosine kinase SYK and its target, PLCγ2, as maximally predictive and sufficient to distinguish CLL from healthy samples, pointing to this juncture in the signaling pathway as a hallmark of CLL B cells. Specific BCR pathway signaling signatures that correlate with the disease and its degree of aggressiveness were identified. Heterogeneity in the PLSR response variable within the B cell population is both a characteristic mark of healthy samples and predictive of disease aggressiveness. Conclusion Single-cell multidimensional analysis of BCR signaling permitted focused analysis of the variability and heterogeneity of signaling behavior from patient-to-patient, and from cell-to-cell. Disruption of the pSYK/pPLCγ2 relationship is uncovered as a robust hallmark of CLL B cell signaling behavior. Together, these observations implicate novel elements of the BCR signal transduction as potential therapeutic targets.
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MESH Headings
- Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic/pharmacology
- B-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- B-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- B-Lymphocytes/pathology
- Flow Cytometry
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Humans
- Immunophenotyping
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism
- Least-Squares Analysis
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/metabolism
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects
- Models, Statistical
- Phospholipase C gamma/genetics
- Phospholipase C gamma/metabolism
- Phosphorylation
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism
- Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Single-Cell Analysis
- Syk Kinase
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Lia Palomba
- Division of Hematology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- Center Cancer Systems Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Kelly Piersanti
- Division of Hematology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- Center Cancer Systems Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Carly G. K. Ziegler
- Center Cancer Systems Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- Program in Computational Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Hugo Decker
- Center Cancer Systems Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- Program in Computational Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jesse W. Cotari
- Center Cancer Systems Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- Program in Computational Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Kurt Bantilan
- Division of Hematology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Ivelise Rijo
- Division of Hematology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jeff R. Gardner
- Division of Hematology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Mark Heaney
- Division of Hematology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Debra Bemis
- Center Cancer Systems Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- Program in Computational Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Robert Balderas
- BD Biosciences, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Sami N. Malek
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Harbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Erlene Seymour
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Harbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Andrew D. Zelenetz
- Division of Hematology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Marcel R. M. van den Brink
- Division of Hematology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MB); (GA)
| | - Grégoire Altan-Bonnet
- Center Cancer Systems Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- Program in Computational Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MB); (GA)
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Abstract
The cellular metabolism of oxygen generates potentially deleterious reactive oxygen species, including superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical. Under normal physiologic conditions, the rate and magnitude of oxidant formation is balanced by the rate of oxidant elimination. However, an imbalance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants results in oxidative stress, which is the pathogenic outcome of the overproduction of oxidants that overwhelms the cellular antioxidant capacity. There is growing evidence that increased oxidative stress and associated oxidative damage are mediators of vascular injury in cardiovascular pathologies, including hypertension, atherosclerosis and ischemia-reperfusion. This development has evoked considerable interest because of the possibilities that therapies targeted against reactive oxygen intermediates by decreasing the generation of reactive oxygen species and/or by increasing availability of antioxidants may be useful in minimizing vascular injury. This review focuses on the vascular actions of reactive oxygen species, the role of oxidative stress in vascular damage in hypertension and the therapeutic potential of modulating oxygen radical bioavailability in hypertension. In particular, the following topics will be highlighted: chemistry and sources of reactive oxygen species, antioxidant defense mechanisms, signaling events mediated by reactive oxygen species, role of reactive oxygen species in hypertension and the putative therapeutic role of antioxidants in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhian M Touyz
- Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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β3 integrin promotes TGF-β1/H2O2/HOCl-mediated induction of metastatic phenotype of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by enhancing TGF-β1 signaling. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79857. [PMID: 24260309 PMCID: PMC3832483 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to being an important mediator of migration and invasion of tumor cells, β3 integrin can also enhance TGF-β1 signaling. However, it is not known whether β3 might influence the induction of metastatic phenotype of tumor cells, especially non-metastatic tumor cells which express low level of β3. Here we report that H2O2 and HOCl, the reactive oxygen species produced by neutrophils, could cooperate with TGF-β1 to induce metastatic phenotype of non-metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. TGF-β1/H2O2/HOCl, but not TGF-β1 or H2O2/HOCl, induced β3 expression by triggering the enhanced activation of p38 MAPK. Intriguingly, β3 in turn promoted TGF-β1/H2O2/HOCl-mediated induction of metastatic phenotype of HCC cells by enhancing TGF-β1 signaling. β3 promoted TGF-β1/H2O2/HOCl-induced expression of itself via positive feed-back effect on p38 MAPK activation, and also promoted TGF-β1/H2O2/HOCl-induced expression of α3 and SNAI2 by enhancing the activation of ERK pathway, thus resulting in higher invasive capacity of HCC cells. By enhancing MAPK activation, β3 enabled TGF-β1 to augment the promoting effect of H2O2/HOCl on anoikis-resistance of HCC cells. TGF-β1/H2O2/HOCl-induced metastatic phenotype was sufficient for HCC cells to extravasate from circulation and form metastatic foci in an experimental metastasis model in nude mice. Inhibiting the function of β3 could suppress or abrogate the promoting effects of TGF-β1/H2O2/HOCl on invasive capacity, anoikis-resistance, and extravasation of HCC cells. These results suggest that β3 could function as a modulator to promote TGF-β1/H2O2/HOCl-mediated induction of metastatic phenotype of non-metastatic tumor cells, and that targeting β3 might be a potential approach in preventing the induction of metastatic phenotype of non-metastatic tumor cells.
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Jackson MI, Fields HF, Lujan TS, Cantrell MM, Lin J, Fukuto JM. The effects of nitroxyl (HNO) on H₂O₂ metabolism and possible mechanisms of HNO signaling. Arch Biochem Biophys 2013; 538:120-9. [PMID: 23988348 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2013.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Revised: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Nitroxyl (HNO) possesses unique and potentially important biological/physiological activity that is currently mechanistically ill-defined. Previous work has shown that the likely biological targets for HNO are thiol proteins, oxidized metalloproteins (i.e. ferric heme proteins) and, most likely, selenoproteins. Interestingly, these are the same classes of proteins that interact with H2O2. In fact, these classes of proteins not only react with H2O2, and thus potentially responsible for the signaling actions of H2O2, but are also responsible for the degradation of H2O2. Therefore, it is not unreasonable to speculate that HNO can affect H2O2 degradation by interacting with H2O2-degrading proteins possibly leading to an increase in H2O2-mediated signaling. Moreover, considering the commonality between HNO and H2O2 biological targets, it also seems likely that HNO-mediated signaling can also be due to reactivity at otherwise H2O2-reactive sites. Herein, it is found that HNO does indeed inhibit H2O2 degradation via inhibition of H2O2-metaboilizing proteins. Also, it is found that in a system known to be regulated by H2O2 (T cell activation), HNO behaves similarly to H2O2, indicating that HNO- and H2O2-signaling may be similar and/or intimately related.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew I Jackson
- Interdepartmental Program in Molecular Toxicology, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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Chiappini F, Pontillo C, Randi AS, Alvarez L, Kleiman de Pisarev DL. Reactive Oxygen Species and Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 1/2 Mediate Hexachlorobenzene-Induced Cell Death in FRTL-5 Rat Thyroid Cells. Toxicol Sci 2013; 134:276-90. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kft117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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49
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Doroshow JH, Gaur S, Markel S, Lu J, van Balgooy J, Synold TW, Xi B, Wu X, Juhasz A. Effects of iodonium-class flavin dehydrogenase inhibitors on growth, reactive oxygen production, cell cycle progression, NADPH oxidase 1 levels, and gene expression in human colon cancer cells and xenografts. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 57:162-75. [PMID: 23314043 PMCID: PMC3594408 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2012] [Revised: 12/24/2012] [Accepted: 01/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Iodonium-class flavoprotein dehydrogenase inhibitors have been demonstrated to possess antiproliferative potential and to inhibit reactive oxygen production in human tumor cells, although the mechanism(s) that explains the relationship between altered cell growth and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) remains an area of active investigation. Because of the ability of these compounds to inhibit the activity of flavoprotein-containing epithelial NADPH oxidases, we chose to examine the effects of several iodonium-class flavoprotein inhibitors on human colon cancer cell lines that express high, functional levels of a single such oxidase (NADPH oxidase 1, or Nox1). We found that diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), di-2-thienyliodonium (DTI), and iodonium diphenyl inhibited the growth of Caco2, HT-29, and LS-174T colon cancer cells at concentrations (10-250nM for DPI, 0.5-2.5μM for DTI, and 155nM to 10μM for iodonium diphenyl) substantially lower than needed for DU145 human prostate cancer cells, which do not possess functional NADPH oxidase activity. Drug treatment was associated with decreased H2O2 production and diminished intracellular ROS levels, lasting up to 24h, after short-term (1-h) exposure to the iodonium analogs. Decreased tumor cell proliferation was caused, in part, by a profound block in cell cycle progression at the G1/S interface in both LS-174T and HT-29 cells exposed to either DPI or DTI; and the G1 block was produced, for LS-174T cells, by upregulation of p27 and a drug concentration-related decrease in the expression of cyclins D1, A, and E that was partially prevented by exogenous H2O2. Not only did DPI and DTI decrease intracellular ROS, they both also significantly decreased the mRNA expression levels of Nox1, potentially contributing to the prolonged reduction in tumor cell reactive oxygen levels. We also found that DPI and DTI significantly decreased the growth of both HT-29 and LS-174T human tumor xenografts, at dose levels that produced peak plasma concentrations similar to those utilized for our in vitro experiments. These findings suggest that iodonium analogs have therapeutic potential for NADPH oxidase-containing human colon cancers in vivo and that at least part of their antineoplastic mechanism of action may be related to targeting Nox1.
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Affiliation(s)
- James H. Doroshow
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Building 37, 37 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Building 31, Room 3A-44, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Corresponding author at: Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Building 31, Room 3A-44, 31 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA, Tel.: +1 301-496-4291; fax: +1 301-496-0826
| | - Shikha Gaur
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Susan Markel
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Jiamo Lu
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Building 37, 37 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Josephus van Balgooy
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Timothy W. Synold
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Bixin Xi
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Xiwei Wu
- Bioinformatics Group, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Agnes Juhasz
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Building 37, 37 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Xi H, Barredo JC, Merchan JR, Lampidis TJ. Endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by 2-deoxyglucose but not glucose starvation activates AMPK through CaMKKβ leading to autophagy. Biochem Pharmacol 2013; 85:1463-77. [PMID: 23500541 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2013.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Revised: 02/23/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy, a well-conserved cellular self-eating process, has been shown to play a critical role in the pathophysiology of cancer. Previously, we reported that under normal O₂ conditions (21% O₂), the dual glucose metabolism inhibitor 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) activates a cytoprotective autophagic response in cancer cells mainly through the induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress rather than ATP² reduction. However, the pathway(s) by which this occurs was unknown. Here, we find that ER stress induced by 2-DG as well as tunicamycin activates AMPK via Ca²⁺-CaMKKβ leading to stimulation of autophagy. These results suggest a new role for AMPK as a sensor of ER stress. In contrast, we find that although physiologic glucose starvation (GS) leads to ER stress which contributes to autophagy activation, it does so by a different mechanism. In addition to ER stress, GS also stimulates autophagy through lowering ATP and activating the canonical LKB1-AMPK energy sensing pathway as well as through increasing reactive oxygen species resulting in the activation of ERK. Furthermore, under hypoxia we observe that both 2-DG and GS inhibit rather than activate autophagy. This inhibition correlates with dramatically depleted ATP levels, and occurs through reduction of the PI3K III-Beclin1 complex for autophagy initiation, blockage of the conjugation of ATG12 to ATG5 for autophagosome expansion, as well as inhibition of the functional lysosomal compartment for autophagic degradation. Taken together, our data support a model where under normoxia therapeutic (2-DG) and physiologic (GS) glucose restriction differentially activate autophagy, while under hypoxia they similarly inhibit it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibin Xi
- Sheila and David Fuente Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1550 NW 10th Avenue, Fox Building #406, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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