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Torrissen M, Ytteborg E, Svensen H, Stoknes I, Nilsson A, Østbye TK, Berge GM, Bou M, Ruyter B. Investigation of the functions of n-3 very-long-chain PUFAs in skin using in vivo Atlantic salmon and in vitro human and fish skin models. Br J Nutr 2023; 130:1915-1931. [PMID: 37169355 PMCID: PMC10630148 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523001150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary n-3 very-long-chain PUFA (n-3 VLC-PUFA) on the maturation and development of skin tissue in juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in vivo, as well as their effects on skin keratocyte and human skin fibroblast cell migration in vitro. Atlantic salmon were fed different dietary levels of n-3 VLC-PUFA from an initial weight of 6 g to a final weight of 11 g. Changes in skin morphology were analysed at two time points during the experiment, and the effects on skin tissue fatty acid composition were determined. Additionally, in vitro experiments using human dermal fibroblasts and primary Atlantic salmon keratocytes were conducted to investigate the effect of VLC-PUFA on the migration capacity of the cells. The results demonstrated that increased dietary levels of n-3 VLC-PUFA led to an increased epidermis thickness and more rapid scale maturation in Atlantic salmon skin in vivo, leading to a more mature skin morphology, and possibly more robust skin, at an earlier life stage. Additionally, human skin fibroblasts and salmon skin keratocytes supplemented with n-3 VLC-PUFA in vitro showed more rapid migration, indicating potentially beneficial effects of VLC-PUFA in wound healing. In conclusion, VLC-PUFA may have beneficial effects on skin tissue development, function and integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Torrissen
- Nofima (Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research), 1432Ås, Norway
- Epax Norway, 6006Ålesund, Norway
- NMBU (Norwegian University of Life Sciences), 1433Ås, Norway
| | - Elisabeth Ytteborg
- Nofima (Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research), 1432Ås, Norway
| | | | | | - Astrid Nilsson
- Nofima (Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research), 1432Ås, Norway
| | - Tone-Kari Østbye
- Nofima (Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research), 1432Ås, Norway
| | - Gerd Marit Berge
- Nofima (Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research), 1432Ås, Norway
| | - Marta Bou
- Nofima (Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research), 1432Ås, Norway
| | - Bente Ruyter
- Nofima (Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research), 1432Ås, Norway
- NMBU (Norwegian University of Life Sciences), 1433Ås, Norway
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article aims to review previous research reports and to summarize current strategies for the optimal duration of voice rest and the effect of phonatory stimulation after phonomicrosurgery. RECENT FINDINGS Voice rest is commonly recommended after laryngeal surgery to prevent worsening of vocal fold injuries. However, there are no established standard protocol for voice rest, and the type and duration of voice rest vary among clinicians. The most effective duration of voice rest is unknown. Recently, early vocal stimulation was recommended as a means to improve wound healing, on the basis of the basic and clinical researches. SUMMARY It seems that early vocal stimulation may enhance the wound healing process in the vocal fold. More basic and clinical researches are warranted to investigate appropriate timing of initiation of stimulation, as well as the type and amount of stimulation that are available for human.
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Khan NR, Wong TW. Microwave-aided skin drug penetration and retention of 5-fluorouracil-loaded ethosomes. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2016; 13:1209-19. [DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2016.1193152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nauman Rahim Khan
- Non-Destructive Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Centre, iPROMISE, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Malaysia
- Particle Design Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Malaysia
| | - Tin Wui Wong
- Non-Destructive Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Centre, iPROMISE, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Malaysia
- Particle Design Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Malaysia
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Takaichi S, Muramatsu T, Lee JM, Jung HS, Shinozaki N, Katakura A, Yamane GY. Re-epithelialization of the Buccal Mucosa after Alkaline Chemical Injury. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2014; 47:195-201. [PMID: 25861125 PMCID: PMC4387240 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.14015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkaline conditions in the oral cavity may be caused by a variety of stimuli, including tobacco products, antacids, alkaline drinking water and bicarbonate toothpaste. However, the effects of an alkaline pH on the oral mucosa had not been elucidated. The purpose of this study was to investigate how basal keratinocytes are actively involved in re-epithelialization after alkaline chemical injury. We generated epithelial defects in the oral mucosa of mice by applying an alkaline chemical, and the localization of cytokeratin 13, cytokeratin 14, PCNA and p63 was investigated during the re-epithelialization process. PCNA- and p63-positive staining was seen in basal cells covering the wound surface at 1 day after the chemical injury. Cytokeratin 14-positive and PCNA-negative basal keratinocytes were localized in a few layers of the wound epithelium during epithelial outgrowth. Cytokeratin 14-positive and PCNA-positive basal keratinocytes, indicating proliferation, were localized over the entire layer of the epithelium at the wound margin. These results imply that basal keratinocytes at the wound margin migrate to the wound surface, provoke differentiation and keratinization during epithelial outgrowth and that epithelial cells are supplied from the wound margin to the epithelial outgrowth after alkaline chemical injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saneyuki Takaichi
- Oral Health Science Center hrc7, Tokyo Dental College
- Department of Oral Medicine, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Takashi Muramatsu
- Oral Health Science Center hrc7, Tokyo Dental College
- Department of Endodontics and Clinical Cariology, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Jong-Min Lee
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Research Center for Orofacial Hard Tissue Regeneration, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry
| | - Han-Sung Jung
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Research Center for Orofacial Hard Tissue Regeneration, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry
| | - Naoshi Shinozaki
- Oral Health Science Center hrc7, Tokyo Dental College
- Cornea Center, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Akira Katakura
- Department of Oral Medicine, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Gen-yuki Yamane
- Oral Health Science Center hrc7, Tokyo Dental College
- Department of Oral Medicine, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College
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Wollstein R, Carlson L, Bilonick RA, Rodgers J. Progression of surgical scars in the hand and wrist over time: A peak in scar-related symptoms. J Plast Surg Hand Surg 2012; 46:276-80. [DOI: 10.3109/2000656x.2012.698084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Ishikawa K, Thibeault S. Voice rest versus exercise: a review of the literature. J Voice 2009; 24:379-87. [PMID: 19660903 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2008] [Accepted: 10/22/2008] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Voice rest is commonly prescribed after vocal fold surgery to promote wound healing of the vocal fold. Currently, there is no standard protocol that is established based on biological evidence. In orthopedic rehabilitation, long-term rest is found to be less effective for connective tissue healing than exercise. Connective tissue healing is also an important factor for successful voice rehabilitation; however, whether this concept can be extrapolated to voice rehabilitation is unknown. The purpose of this article is to review current clinical and basic science literature to examine the effect of voice rest in postsurgical rehabilitation. First, we present a summary of clinical literature that pertains to voice rest. Second, we present description of connective tissues that are involved in orthopedic and voice rehabilitation, specifically, ligament and lamina propria, respectively, and their wound healing process. Third, a summary of the literature from orthopedic research on the effect of rest versus exercise is presented. Lastly, it summarizes in vitro and in vivo studies that examined the effect of mechanical stress on vocal fold tissue. Current literature suggests that there is a lack of clinical evidence that supports a specific type and duration of voice rest, and extrapolation of the findings from orthopedic research may be unreasonable due to the morphological and biochemical difference between the tissues. To determine the effect of voice rest, further elucidation of vocal fold wound healing process and the effect of mechanical stress on vocal fold tissue remodeling are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Ishikawa
- Division of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin Institute of Medical Research, Madison, Wisconsin 53705-2275, USA
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Hosoya A, Lee JM, Cho SW, Kim JY, Shinozaki N, Shibahara T, Shimono M, Jung HS. Morphological evidence of basal keratinocyte migration during the re-epithelialization process. Histochem Cell Biol 2008; 130:1165-75. [DOI: 10.1007/s00418-008-0499-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/14/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Abstract
Radial head fractures are the most common fractures in the elbow, and the treatment of nondisplaced fractures is often straightforward. However, radial head fractures with concurrent injury to the elbow stabilizers may require complex treatment and therapy that are targeted at specifically restoring elbow stability. This treatment of complex radial head fractures has recently improved because of long-term follow-up studies, increased biomechanical research on elbow stability, and improved surgical techniques. With an open line of communication between the surgeon and the therapist, an appropriate therapy plan can be initiated to protect both simple and complex injuries. The therapist should have knowledge of specific tissue healing and treatment techniques, and the patient must be educated in possible outcomes, safe arcs of motions, positioning, and proper splint use. This article summarizes current advanced techniques in the surgical management and rehabilitation of radial head fractures. Comprehensive protocols for decision making and treatment are introduced for both simple and complex radial head fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kraig Y Bano
- Hand & Upper Extremity Center, PRO Physical Therapy, Newark, Delaware, USA.
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Usui ML, Underwood RA, Mansbridge JN, Muffley LA, Carter WG, Olerud JE. Morphological evidence for the role of suprabasal keratinocytes in wound reepithelialization. Wound Repair Regen 2006; 13:468-79. [PMID: 16176455 DOI: 10.1111/j.1067-1927.2005.00067.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The process by which wounds reepithelialize remains controversial. Two models have been proposed to describe reepithelialization: the "sliding" model and the "rolling" model. In the "sliding" model, basal keratinocytes are the principal cells responsible for migration and wound closure. In this model, basal and suprabasal keratinocytes remain strongly attached to leading edge basal keratinocytes and are then passively dragged along as a sheet. The "rolling" model postulates that basal keratinocytes remain strongly attached to the basement membrane zone while suprabasal keratinocytes at the wound margin are activated to roll into the wound site. The purpose of this study was to determine which populations of keratinocytes are actively involved in reepithelialization. We evaluated expression of keratins K14, K15, K10, K2e, and K16 as well as the proliferation marker Ki67 in the migrating tongue of normal human incisional 1-hour to 28-day wounds and normal human 3 mm diameter excisional 1- to 7-day wounds. Our results show dramatic changes in phenotype and protein expression of keratins K10, K2e, K14, K15, and K16 in suprabasal keratinocytes in response to injury. We conclude that this large population of suprabasal keratinocytes actively participates in wound closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia L Usui
- Department of Medicine (Dermatology), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-6524, USA.
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Nussbaum EL, Lilge L, Mazzulli T. Effects of 810 nm laser irradiation on in vitro growth of bacteria: comparison of continuous wave and frequency modulated light. Lasers Surg Med 2003; 31:343-51. [PMID: 12430152 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.10121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Low intensity laser therapy may modify growth of wound bacteria, which could affect wound healing. This study compares the effects on bacteria of 810 nm laser using various delivery modes (continuous wave or frequency modulated light at 26, 292, 1000, or 3800 Hz). STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS Staphylococcus (S.) aureus, Escherichia (E.) coli, and Pseudomonas (P.) aeruginosa were plated on agar and then irradiated (0.015 W/cm(2); 1-50 J/cm(2)) or used as controls (sham irradiated); growth was examined after 20 hours of incubation post exposure. RESULTS There were interactions of species and modulation frequency in the overall effects of irradiation (P = 0.0001), and in the radiant exposure mediated effects (P = 0.0001); thus individual frequencies and each bacterium were analysed separately. Bacteria increased following 3800 Hz (P = 0.0001) and 1000 Hz (P = 0.0001) pulsed irradiation; at particular radiant exposures P. aeruginosa proliferated significantly more than other bacteria. Pulsed laser at 292 and 26 Hz also produced species-dependent effects (P = 0.0001; P = 0.0005); however, the effects for different radiant exposures were not significant. Bacterial growth increased overall, independent of species, using continuous mode laser, significantly so at 1 J/cm(2) (P = 0.02). Analysis of individual species demonstrated that laser-mediated growth of S. aureus and E. coli was dependent on pulse frequency; for S. aureus, however, there was no effect for different radiant exposures. Further tests to examine the radiant exposure effects on E. coli showed that growth increased at a frequency of 1000 Hz (2 J/cm(2); P = 0.03). P. aeruginosa growth increased up to 192% using pulsed irradiation at 1000-3800 Hz; whereas 26-292 Hz laser produced only a growth trend. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study point to the need for wound cultures prior to laser irradiation of infected wounds. Similar investigations using other common therapeutic wavelengths are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethne L Nussbaum
- Rehabilitation Services, Mount Sinai Hospital and Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada.
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Abstract
Successful treatment of dorsal foot burns is a challenge. By extrapolating from various treatments of dorsal hand burns the design of a static progressive splint was applied to the treatment of dorsal foot burns to prevent contracture deformities. The splint is composed of a base, dorsal thermoplastic piece, and Velcro strap. Soft hook and loop Velcro encircles the ankle and midfoot providing a base for the attachment of a Velcro strap. A thermoplastic piece is conformed to the dorsum of the toes and then affixed to the Velcro strap. The Velcro strap is then attached to the plantar surface of the base to create an adjustable static progressive stretch. This splint is designed to prevent dorsal foot contractures during the scar maturation phase of wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Guild
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2165, USA
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Abstract
The majority of skin trauma incidents cause minor injury that can be treated effectively in the outpatient setting. A new approach to the closure of skin lacerations using tissue adhesive is presented and the current management of abrasions, blisters, burns, skin tears, and subungual hematomas are reviewed. An overview of wound dressings is provided to assist in obtaining the optimal wound-healing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Pearson
- Saginaw Cooperative Hospitals/Michigan State University Emergency Medicine Residency Program, Saginaw, Michigan 48602, USA
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