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Gu J, Jin Z, Wu G, Dang S, Yao F, Zheng Z, Ren L, Yang J, Chen D, Zhang L, Lin R. Correlation between essential and toxic elements in maternal blood during early pregnancy and atrial septal defects/ventricular septal defects/patent ductus arteriosus in offspring. Birth Defects Res 2024; 116:e2282. [PMID: 38192201 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are the most common congenital malformation in the world. Recent studies have found that essential and toxic trace element levels may play a crucial role in the risk of neonatal malformation. However, the relationships between element levels in early pregnancy and CHD risk among humans remain unclear. This study investigates the association between maternal essential element (copper [Cu], zinc [Zn], calcium [Ca], manganese [Mg] and iron [Fe]) and toxic element (lead [Pb] and cadmium [Cd]) levels during early pregnancy and CHDs. METHODS A hospital-based case-control study was conducted, including 181 cases and 218 controls. Eligible participants underwent antenatal examination during gestational weeks 11-14 and trace element levels were detected by the atomic absorption method. Multi-variable logistic regression was used to examine the associations between the level of maternal trace elements and CHD risks. RESULTS Higher levels of Ca in early pregnancy were associated with lower risk of ASD/VSD risks. Moreover, higher Fe, Pb, and Cd levels in the first trimester were associated with higher risks of all CHD and the subtypes risks, and the tests for trend were significant (all p < .05). The restricted cubic spline analysis showed that there was a nonlinear inverted u-shaped dose-response relationship between levels of Zn, Pb, and Cd in the first trimester and risk of CHDs (non-linearity test p < .05). CONCLUSIONS A moderate increase in Zn and Ca levels and a decrease in Pb and Cd levels during early pregnancy are needed to reduce the incidence of CHDs in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianli Gu
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhen Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Guiqing Wu
- Department of Obstetrics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Shaonong Dang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Zihan Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Lingxuan Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianjun Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Danli Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Rong Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
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Abstract
Zinc is structurally and functionally essential for more than 300 enzymes and 2000 transcription factors in human body. Intracellular labile zinc is the metabolically effective zinc and tiny changes in its concentrations significantly affect the intracellular signaling and enzymatic responses. Zinc is crucial for the embrionic and fetal development of heart. Therefore, it is shown to be related with a variety of congenital heart defects. It is involved in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transformation including endocardial cushion development, which is necessary for atrioventricular septation as well as the morphogenesis of heart valves. In atherosclerosis, monocyte endothelial adhesion, and diapedesis, activation and transformation into macrophages and forming foam cells by the ingestion of oxidized LDL are monocyte related steps which need zinc. Intracellular zinc increases intracellular calcium through a variety of pathways and furthermore, zinc itself can work as a second messenger as calcium. These demonstrate the significance of intracellular zinc in heart failure and arterial hypertension. However, extracellular zinc has an opposite effect by blocking calcium channels, explaining decreased serum zinc levels, contrary to the increased cardiomyocyte and erythrocyte zinc levels in hypertensive subjects. These and other data in the literature demonstrate that zinc has important roles in healthy and diseased cardiovascular system but zinc-cardiovascular system relationship is so complex that, it has not been explained in all means. In this article, we try to review some of the available knowledge about this complex relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serhan Ozyildirim
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology Institute, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Li J, Lin S, Wu J, Pei L, Shang X. OUP accepted manuscript. Int Health 2022; 15:299-308. [PMID: 35521756 PMCID: PMC10153556 DOI: 10.1093/inthealth/ihac027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal exposure to pesticides during early pregnancy is associated with increased risks of birth defects, while the association between maternal exposure to chemical fertilizer during pregnancy and the risk of birth defects remains unknown. METHODS Data were from a population-based birth defects surveillance system between 2007 and 2012 in Pingding County, Shanxi Province, northern China. A total of 14 074 births with 235 birth defects were used to estimate spatial clustering and correlations at the village level. A population-based case-control study of 157 cases with birth defects and 204 controls was performed to investigate the association between maternal chemical fertilizer exposure and the risk of birth defects by a two-level logistic model. RESULTS The total prevalence of birth defects between 2007 and 2012 was 167.0/10 000 births. The spatial analysis indicated a remarkable high-risk area of birth defects in the southeast of Pingding County and the use of chemical fertilizer was associated with the risk of birth defects at the village level. After adjusting for confounders at the individual level, mothers who live in villages with chemical fertilizer application ≥65 tons/y had an increased risk of birth defects (adjusted odds ratio 2.06 [95% confidence interval 1.23 to 3.46]) compared with those of <65 tons/y. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the risk of birth defects may be associated with the use of chemical fertilizer in rural northern China. The findings must be cautiously interpreted and need to be investigated on larger samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jilei Wu
- Institute of Population Research/China Center on Population Health and Development, Peking University, No. 5 Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing,100871, China
| | - Lijun Pei
- Corresponding authors: Tel: +86 010-62751974; E-mail:
| | - Xuejun Shang
- Corresponding authors: Tel: +86 025-84815775; E-mail:
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Gu YH, Zhang Q, Guo J, Wang F, Bao Y, Qiu Z, Zheng P, Ushijima M, Matsuura M, Xie X, Zhang T. Higher serum homocysteine and lower thyroid hormone levels in pregnant women are associated with neural tube defects. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 68:126814. [PMID: 34243025 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study tested the hypothesis that abnormal maternal metabolism of both homocysteine and thyroid hormone network in pregnant women is associated with neural tube defects (NTDs) in a part of China with high NTD prevalence. METHODS A case-control study was performed between 2007 and 2009 in Lüliang Mountains, Shanxi Province. This study included 83 pregnant women who had fetuses with NTDs (cases) and 90 pregnant women with normal fetuses (controls). In addition, a cell model to illustrate the epidemiological findings was established. RESULTS Fetuses of mother who had both high total homocysteine (tHcy) and inadequate free thyroxine were 3 times more at risk of developing NTDs (adjusted odds ratio = 3.5; 95 % confidence interval = 1.2-10.4; cases vs. controls) using multivariate logistic regression models. Furthermore, biological interaction between metabolisms of Hcy and thyroid hormones was demonstrated in vitro. In homocysteine thiolactone of a metabolite of Hcy-treated mouse embryonic neural stem NE4C cells, genes (Bmp7, Ctnnb1, Notch 1, Gli2, and Rxra) related to both neural tube closure and thyroid hormone network were shown to be regulated by H3K79 homocysteinylation, which increased their expression levels. CONCLUSIONS The effect of maternal serum high tHcy on risk of developing NTDs is depended on maternal serum level of thyroxine. Meanwhile, a higher level of tHcy might also affect both maternal metabolism of thyroid hormone and neural tube closure in embryogenesis through homocysteinylation of histones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hong Gu
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2-7 Daigakumachi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Qin Zhang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Jin Guo
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - YiHua Bao
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - ZhiYong Qiu
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Beijing FangShan District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Masaru Ushijima
- Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
| | | | - XiangHui Xie
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China.
| | - Ting Zhang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
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Association and interaction effect of UCP2 gene polymorphisms and dietary factors with congenital heart diseases in Chinese Han population. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8699. [PMID: 33888769 PMCID: PMC8062668 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88057-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart diseases (CHDs) are the most common birth defects and the leading cause of non-infectious deaths in infants, with an unknown etiology. We aimed to assess the association of genetic variations in UCP2 gene, dietary factors, and their interactions with the risk of CHDs in offspring. The hospital-based case–control study included 464 mothers of children with CHDs and 504 mothers of healthy children. The exposures of interest were maternal dietary factors in early pregnancy and UCP2 genetic variants. Logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association and interaction of UCP2 gene and dietary factors with CHDs. Our results found that the polymorphisms of UCP2 gene at rs659366 and rs660339, together with maternal dietary factors including excessive intake of pickled vegetables and smoked foods were associated with increased risks of CHDs in offspring. Regular intake of fresh meat, fish and shrimp, and milk products were associated with lower risks of CHDs in offspring. Besides, positive interaction between the dominant model of rs659366 and excessive intake of pickled vegetables was found in the additive interaction model (RERI = 1.19, P = 0.044). These findings provide the theoretical basis for gene screening and a new clue for the prevention of CHDs in offspring.
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Li B, Chang S, Liu C, Zhang M, Zhang L, Liang L, Li R, Wang X, Qin C, Zhang T, Niu B, Wang L. Low Maternal Dietary Folate Alters Retrotranspose by Methylation Regulation in Intrauterine Growth Retardation (IUGR) Fetuses in a Mouse Model. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:3354-3365. [PMID: 31061382 PMCID: PMC6519683 DOI: 10.12659/msm.914292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Maternal folate deficiency-mediated metabolic disruption is considered to be associated with the risk of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), but the exact mechanism remains unclear. The retrotransposon long interspersed nucleotide element-1 (LINE-1), which can induce birth defects via RNA intermediates, plays crucial roles during embryonic development. We investigated potential relationships between maternal folate and DNA methylation, and possible roles of LINE-1 in IUGR. Material/Methods The IUGR model was established by feeding female mice 1 of 3 diets – control diet (CD), folate-deficient diet for 2 weeks (FD2w), and folate-deficient diet for 4 weeks (FD4w) – prior to mating. Maternal serum folate, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MeTHF), S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), and S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) concentrations and global DNA methylation were assessed by LC/MS/MS method. LINE-1 methylation levels in fetuses were examined by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. LINE-1 expression levels were validated by real-time PCR. Results Maternal folate deficiency caused plasma folate and 5-MeTHF levels to decrease and SAH level to increase in the FD4w group. Compared with the CD group, methylation levels of genomic DNA and LINE-1 decreased significantly in placenta and fetal tissues from the FD4w group. Expression of LINE-1 open reading frame 1 (ORF1) protein was elevated in fetal liver tissues. Furthermore, a strong correlation was found between methylation and disrupted one-carbon metabolism, implying that dietary folate plays important roles during embryogenesis. Conclusions Maternal dietary folate deficiency impaired one-carbon metabolism, leading to global DNA and LINE-1 hypomethylation, and then increased retrotransposition in fetuses, which can lead to IUGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baiyi Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Shaoyan Chang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Chi Liu
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Min Zhang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Lianfeng Zhang
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Liang Liang
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Rui Li
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Xiuwei Wang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Chuan Qin
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Ting Zhang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Bo Niu
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Li Wang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China (mainland)
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Wang X, Guan Z, Dong Y, Zhu Z, Wang J, Niu B. Inhibition of thymidylate synthase affects neural tube development in mice. Reprod Toxicol 2017; 76:17-25. [PMID: 29258758 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Thymidylate synthase (TYMS) is a key enzyme in the de novo synthesis of 2'-deoxythymidine-5'-monophosphate (dTMP) from 2'-deoxyuridine-5'-monophosphate (dUMP). Our aim was to investigate the role of dTMP dysmetabolism via inhibition of TYMS by an inhibitor, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in the occurrence of neural tube defects (NTDs). We found that a high incidence of NTDs occurred after treatment with 5-FU at 12.5 mg/kg body weight. TYMS activity was significantly inhibited with decreased dTMP and accumulation of dUMP after 5-FU injection. The proliferation of neuroepithelial cells were markedly inhibited in NTDs compared with control. Expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and phosphohistone H3 were significantly decreased in NTDs, while phosphorylated replication protein A2, P53 and Caspase3 were significantly increased in NTDs compared with control. These results indicated that inhibition of TYMS affected the balance between proliferation and apoptosis in neuroepithelial cells, which might shed some lights on the mechanisms involved in NTDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuwei Wang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Zhen Guan
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yanting Dong
- The Respiratory Department, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhu
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China.
| | - Bo Niu
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
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Hanson C, Lyden E, Abresch C, Anderson-Berry A. Serum Retinol Concentrations, Race, and Socioeconomic Status in of Women of Childbearing Age in the United States. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8080508. [PMID: 27548213 PMCID: PMC4997421 DOI: 10.3390/nu8080508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Vitamin A is an essential nutrient during pregnancy and throughout the lifecycle due to its role in the development of critical organ systems. Because maternal tissue is progressively depleted of vitamin A to supply fetal demands, women who become pregnant while possessing marginal vitamin A reserves are at increased risk of vitamin A inadequacy as pregnancy progresses. Few studies have assessed the relationship between socioeconomic factors and retinol status in women of childbearing age. Methods: We used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to assess the relationship between serum retinol concentrations and socioeconomic factors in women of childbearing age. Women 14–45 years of age (n = 3170) from NHANES cycles 2003–2004 and 2005–2006 were included. Serum retinol concentrations were divided into categories according to World Health Organization criteria. All statistical procedures accounted for the weighted data and complex design of the NHANES sample. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The poverty score and race were significantly associated with vitamin A status after adjustment for confounders. Odds of retinol concentrations of <1.05 µmol/L were 1.85 times higher for those of lower socioeconomic status when compared to those of higher status (95% CI: 1.12–3.03, p = 0.02), and 3.1 times higher for non-Hispanic blacks when compared to non-Hispanic whites (95% CI: 1.50–6.41, p = 0.002). Dietary intakes of retinol activity equivalents were significantly lower in groups with higher poverty scores (p = 0.004). Conclusion There appear to be disparities in serum vitamin A levels in women of childbearing age related to income and race in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrine Hanson
- College of Allied Health Professions, Medical Nutrition Education, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 984045 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4045, USA.
| | - Elizabeth Lyden
- College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 984375 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4375, USA.
| | - Chad Abresch
- CityMatCH, Annex 14, 4460 Farnam, Omaha, NE 68198-2170, USA.
- Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 981205 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-1205, USA.
| | - Ann Anderson-Berry
- Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 981205 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-1205, USA.
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Wang H, De Steur H, Chen G, Zhang X, Pei L, Gellynck X, Zheng X. Effectiveness of Folic Acid Fortified Flour for Prevention of Neural Tube Defects in a High Risk Region. Nutrients 2016. [PMID: 27005659 DOI: 10.3390/nu80301529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite efforts to tackle folate deficiency and Neural Tube Defects (NTDs) through folic acid fortification, its implementation is still lacking where it is needed most, highlighting the need for studies that evaluate the effectiveness of folic acid fortified wheat flour in a poor, rural, high-risk, NTD region of China. One of the most affected regions, Shanxi Province, was selected as a case study. A community intervention was carried out in which 16,648 women of child-bearing age received fortified flour (eight villages) and a control group received ordinary flour (three villages). NTD birth prevalence and biological indicators were measured two years after program initiation at endline only. The effect on the NTD burden was calculated using the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) method. In the intervention group, serum folate level was higher than in the control group. NTDs in the intervention group were 68.2% lower than in the control group (OR = 0.313, 95% CI = 0.207-0473, p < 0.001). In terms of DALYs, burden in intervention group was approximately 58.5% lower than in the control group. Flour fortification was associated with lower birth prevalence and burden of NTDs in economically developing regions with a high risk of NTDs. The positive findings confirm the potential of fortification when selecting an appropriate food vehicle and target region. As such, this study provides support for decision makers aiming for the implementation of (mandatory) folic acid fortification in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haochen Wang
- Institute of Population Research/WHO Collaborating Center on Reproductive Health and Population Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Hans De Steur
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Bio-Science engineering, Ghent University. Ghent 9000, Belgium.
| | - Gong Chen
- Institute of Population Research/WHO Collaborating Center on Reproductive Health and Population Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Xiaotian Zhang
- Institute of Population Research/WHO Collaborating Center on Reproductive Health and Population Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Lijun Pei
- Institute of Population Research/WHO Collaborating Center on Reproductive Health and Population Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Xavier Gellynck
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Bio-Science engineering, Ghent University. Ghent 9000, Belgium.
| | - Xiaoying Zheng
- Institute of Population Research/WHO Collaborating Center on Reproductive Health and Population Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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Effectiveness of Folic Acid Fortified Flour for Prevention of Neural Tube Defects in a High Risk Region. Nutrients 2016; 8:152. [PMID: 27005659 PMCID: PMC4808880 DOI: 10.3390/nu8030152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Revised: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite efforts to tackle folate deficiency and Neural Tube Defects (NTDs) through folic acid fortification, its implementation is still lacking where it is needed most, highlighting the need for studies that evaluate the effectiveness of folic acid fortified wheat flour in a poor, rural, high-risk, NTD region of China. One of the most affected regions, Shanxi Province, was selected as a case study. A community intervention was carried out in which 16,648 women of child-bearing age received fortified flour (eight villages) and a control group received ordinary flour (three villages). NTD birth prevalence and biological indicators were measured two years after program initiation at endline only. The effect on the NTD burden was calculated using the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) method. In the intervention group, serum folate level was higher than in the control group. NTDs in the intervention group were 68.2% lower than in the control group (OR = 0.313, 95% CI = 0.207-0473, p < 0.001). In terms of DALYs, burden in intervention group was approximately 58.5% lower than in the control group. Flour fortification was associated with lower birth prevalence and burden of NTDs in economically developing regions with a high risk of NTDs. The positive findings confirm the potential of fortification when selecting an appropriate food vehicle and target region. As such, this study provides support for decision makers aiming for the implementation of (mandatory) folic acid fortification in China.
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Sant KE, Dolinoy DC, Jilek JL, Shay BJ, Harris C. Mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) alters histiotrophic nutrition pathways and epigenetic processes in the developing conceptus. J Nutr Biochem 2016; 27:211-8. [PMID: 26507544 PMCID: PMC4750404 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Histiotrophic nutrition pathways (HNPs) are processes by which the organogenesis-stage conceptus obtains nutrients, amino acids, vitamins and cofactors required for protein biosynthesis and metabolic activities. Nutrients are captured from the maternal milieu as whole proteins and cargoes via receptor-mediated endocytosis in the visceral yolk sac (VYS), degraded by lysosomal proteolysis and delivered to the developing embryo (EMB). Several nutrients obtained by HNPs are required substrates for one-carbon (C1) metabolism and supply methyl groups required for epigenetic processes, including DNA and histone methylation. Increased availability of methyl donors has been associated with reduced risk for neural tube defects (NTDs). Here, we show that mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) treatment (100 or 250μM) alters HNPs, C1 metabolism and epigenetic programming in the organogenesis-stage conceptus. Specifically, 3-h MEHP treatment of mouse EMBs in whole culture resulted in dose-dependent reduction of HNP activity in the conceptus. To observe nutrient consequences of decreased HNP function, C1 components and substrates and epigenetic outcomes were quantified at 24h. Treatment with 100-μM MEHP resulted in decreased dietary methyl donor concentrations, while treatment with 100- or 250-μM MEHP resulted in dose-dependent elevated C1 products and substrates. In MEHP-treated EMBs with NTDs, H3K4 methylation was significantly increased, while no effects were seen in treated VYS. DNA methylation was reduced in MEHP-treated EMB with and without NTDs. This research suggests that environmental toxicants such as MEHP decrease embryonic nutrition in a time-dependent manner and that epigenetic consequences of HNP disruption may be exacerbated in EMB with NTDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karilyn E Sant
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-2029
| | - Dana C Dolinoy
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-2029
| | - Joseph L Jilek
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-2029
| | - Brian J Shay
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedical Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-5632
| | - Craig Harris
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-2029.
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Dang S, Yan H, Zeng L, Wang Q, Li Q, Xiao S, Fan X. The status of vitamin B12 and folate among Chinese women: a population-based cross-sectional study in northwest China. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112586. [PMID: 25390898 PMCID: PMC4229226 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess the status of the vitamin B12 and folate of Chinese women living in northwest China. Methods A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 2008 among Chinese women aged 10–49 years living in Shaanxi province of northwest China. A stratified multistage random sampling method was adopted to obtain a sample of 1170 women. The women were interviewed for collection of their background information and their plasma vitamin B12 and folate were measured with the immunoassay method. The status of both vitamins was evaluated and the prevalence of deficiency was estimated. Results The median value of the women was 214.5 pg/mL for vitamin B12 and 4.6 ng/mL for folate. The urban women had a significantly higher vitamin B12 (254.1 vs. 195.9 pg/mL) but lower folate (4.4 vs. 4.7 ng/mL) than rural women. Total prevalence of deficiency was 45.5% (95% CI: 42.6%∼48.4%) for vitamin B12 and 14.7% (95% CI: 12.6%∼16.8%) for folate. About 36% of women presented vitamin B12 deficiency alone, 5.2% belonged to folate deficiency alone and 9.5% was combined deficiency in both vitamins. More than 25% of the women were in marginal vitamin B12 status (200–299 pg/mL) and 60% in marginal status of folate (3–6 ng/mL). About 75.2% of rural women with folate deficiency were deficient in vitamin B12 and 46% for urban women. Quantile regression model found decreasing coefficient of folate status across 73 different quantiles of vitamin B12, which indicated that the women with folate deficiency had lower vitamin B12 significantly compared with those with no deficiency. Conclusions The deficiency of vitamin B12 and folate is still prevalent among the Chinese women in northwest China. Vitamin B12 deficiency could be more serious and the improvement of poor vitamin B12 status should be invoked when practicing the supplementation of folate against the neural tube defects in northwest China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaonong Dang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail:
| | - Lingxia Zeng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanli Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengbin Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Fan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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Liu Z, Yu Y, Li X, Wu A, Mu M, Li N, Deng Y, Jin X, Li S, Lin Y, Chen X, Wang F, Zhu J. Maternal lead exposure and risk of congenital heart defects occurrence in offspring. Reprod Toxicol 2014; 51:1-6. [PMID: 25462788 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Maternal lead exposure may be harmful to fetal development. However, sufficient evidence was lacked about the risk on cardiac development in offspring. To explore the association between maternal lead exposure and risks of congenital heart defects (CHDs) occurrence in fetuses, a case-control study was adopted during pregnant women making antenatal examinations. The maternal hair lead levels were measured by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR). Three hundred and sixteen cases and 348 controls were eligible to the study. The median level of lead in maternal hair of case (0.670ng/mg) was significantly higher (AOR 3.07, 95% CI 2.00-4.72) than that of the control (0.461ng/mg), including the CHD cases with or without extracardiac malformations (AOR 3.55, 2.94, respectively). Maternal lead exposure is associated with the risk of some subtypes of CHDs occurrence in offspring. The potential dose-response relationship is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liu
- National Centre for Birth Defects Monitoring, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yu Yu
- Department of Nutrition, Research Center for Nutrition and Health, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- National Centre for Birth Defects Monitoring, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Aimin Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Research Center for Nutrition and Health, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Mingdao Mu
- Department of Nutrition, Research Center for Nutrition and Health, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Nana Li
- Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ying Deng
- Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xi Jin
- Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shengli Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518028, China
| | - Yuan Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fujian provincial Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Xinlin Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Hubei provincial Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Fudi Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Research Center for Nutrition and Health, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Jun Zhu
- National Centre for Birth Defects Monitoring, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Nutritional status as assessed by nutrient intakes and biomarkers among women of childbearing age--is the burden of nutrient inadequacies growing in America? Public Health Nutr 2014; 18:1658-69. [PMID: 25307479 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980014002067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Understanding nutrient intakes among women of childbearing age within the USA is important given the accumulating evidence that maternal body weight gain and nutrient intakes prior to pregnancy may influence the health and well-being of the offspring. The objective of the present study was to evaluate nutritional status in women of childbearing age and to ascertain the influence of ethnicity and income on nutrient intakes. DESIGN Nutritional status was assessed using data on nutrient intakes through foods and supplements from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Biomarker data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention were used to assess nutritional status for selected nutrients. Poverty-income ratio was used to assess family income. SUBJECTS White (n 1560), African-American (n 889) and Mexican-American (n 761) women aged 19-30 and 31-50 years were included. SETTING A nationally representative sample of non-pregnant women of childbearing age resident in the USA. RESULTS African-American women had the lowest intakes of fibre, folate, riboflavin, P, K, Ca and Mg. Women (31-50 years) with a poverty-income ratio of ≤ 1.85 had significantly lower intakes of almost all nutrients analysed. Irrespective of ethnicity and income, a significant percentage of women were not consuming the estimated recommended amounts (Estimated Average Requirement) of several key nutrients: vitamin A (~80%), vitamin D (~78%) and fibre (~92%). Nutrient biomarker data were generally reflective of nutrient intake patterns among the different ethnic groups. CONCLUSIONS Women of childbearing age in the USA are not meeting nutrient intake guidelines, with differences between ethnic groups and socio-economic strata. These factors should be considered when establishing nutrition science advocacy and policy.
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Wang X, Zhang T, Zhao X, Guan Z, Wang Z, Zhu Z, Xie Q, Wang J, Niu B. Quantification of folate metabolites in serum using ultraperformance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 962:9-13. [PMID: 24878879 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Folate deficiency is considered a risk factor for many diseases such as cancer, congenital heart disease and neural tube defects (NTDs). There is a pressing need for more methods of detecting folate and its main metabolites in the human body. Here, we developed a simple, fast and sensitive ultraperformance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS/MS) method for the simultaneous quantifications of folate metabolites including folic acid, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MeTHF), 5-formyltetrahydrofolate (5-FoTHF), homocysteine (Hcy), S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH). The method was validated by determining the linearity (r(2)>0.998), sensitivity (limit of detection ranged from 0.05 to 0.200ng/mL), intra- and inter-day precision (both CV<6%) and recovery (each analyte was >90%). The total analysis time was 7min. Serum samples of NTD-affected pregnancies and controls from a NTD high-risk area in China were analyzed by this method, the NTD serum samples showed lower concentrations of 5-MeTHF (P<0.05) and 5-FoTHF (P<0.05), and higher concentrations of Hcy (P<0.05) and SAH (P<0.05) compared with serum samples from controls, consistent with a previous study. These results showed that the method is sensitive and reliable for simultaneous determination of six metabolites, which might indicate potential risk factors for NTDs, aid early diagnosis and provide more insights into the pathogenesis of NTDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuwei Wang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Chines Academy of Inspection & Quarantine, Beijing 100023, China
| | - Zhen Guan
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhu
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Qiu Xie
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China.
| | - Bo Niu
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
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16
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Suppression of Placental Metallothionein 1 and Zinc Transporter 1 mRNA Expressions Contributes to Fetal Heart Malformations Caused by Maternal Zinc Deficiency. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2014; 14:329-38. [DOI: 10.1007/s12012-014-9256-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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17
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Ibrahim SA, Al-Halim OAFA, Samy MA, Mohamadin AM. Maternal nutritional status and the risk of birth defects among Saudi women. NUTRAFOODS 2013; 12:81-88. [DOI: 10.1007/s13749-012-0066-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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18
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PCMT1 gene polymorphisms, maternal folate metabolism, and neural tube defects: a case-control study in a population with relatively low folate intake. GENES AND NUTRITION 2013; 8:581-7. [PMID: 23918616 DOI: 10.1007/s12263-013-0355-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The PCMT1 gene encodes the protein repair enzyme protein-L-isoaspartate (D-aspartate) O-methyltransferase, which is known to protect certain neural cells against Bax-induced apoptosis. Previous studies have produced inconsistent results regarding the effects of PCMT1 (rs4816 and rs4552) polymorphisms on neural tube defects (NTDs). Reduced maternal plasma folate levels and/or elevated homocysteine (Hcy) levels are considered to be risk factors for NTDs. In order to clarify the key factors contributing to the apparent discrepancy and investigate gene-environment interaction, we conducted a case-control study including 121 cases and 146 matched controls to investigate the association between the two PCMT1 polymorphisms in fetuses and the risk of NTDs in the Chinese population of Lvliang, which has low folate intake. Maternal plasma folate and Hcy levels were also measured, and the interaction between fetal PCMT1 gene status and maternal folate metabolites was assessed. Maternal plasma folate concentrations in the NTD group were lower than in controls (10.23 vs. 13.08 nmol/L, adjusted P = 0.059), and Hcy concentrations were significantly higher (14.46 vs. 11.65 μmol/L, adjusted P = 0.026). Fetuses carrying the rs4816 AG + GG genotype, combined with higher maternal plasma Hcy, had a 6.46-fold (95 % CI 1.15-36.46) increased risk of anencephaly. The results of this study imply that the fetal PCMT1 rs4816 polymorphism may play only a weak role in NTD formation and that gene-environment interactions might be more significant.
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19
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Effects of urbanization on arable land requirements in China, based on food consumption patterns. Food Secur 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s12571-013-0265-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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20
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Zhao J, Guan T, Wang J, Xiang Q, Wang M, Wang X, Guan Z, Xie Q, Niu B, Zhang T. Influence of the antifolate drug Methotrexate on the development of murine neural tube defects and genomic instability. J Appl Toxicol 2012; 33:915-23. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.2769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2011] [Revised: 03/07/2012] [Accepted: 03/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Shanxi Medical University; Taiyuan; 030001; China
| | - Tao Guan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Shanxi Medical University; Taiyuan; 030001; China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics; Beijing; 100020; China
| | - Qian Xiang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Peking Union Medical College; Beijing; 100730; China
| | - Mingsheng Wang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Peking Union Medical College; Beijing; 100730; China
| | - Xiuwei Wang
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics; Beijing; 100020; China
| | - Zhen Guan
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics; Beijing; 100020; China
| | - Qiu Xie
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics; Beijing; 100020; China
| | - Bo Niu
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics; Beijing; 100020; China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics; Beijing; 100020; China
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21
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Wang J, Liu C, Zhao H, Wang F, Guo J, Xie H, Lu X, Bao Y, Pei L, Niu B, Zhong R, Zheng X, Zhang T. Association between a 45-bp 3'untranslated insertion/deletion polymorphism in exon 8 of UCP2 gene and neural tube defects in a high-risk area of China. Reprod Sci 2011; 18:556-60. [PMID: 21266666 DOI: 10.1177/1933719110393026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Uncoupling protein 2(UCP2) is an attractive candidate gene for screening neural tube defects (NTDs) risk. In this study, polymerase chain reaction and agarose gel electrophoresis were used to determine the distribution of the polymorphism in a case group of 140 deliveries with NTDs, and a control group of 251 normal newborns. We found that the frequencies of allele I and genotypes ID + II were higher in the case group than in the control group (P = .167, OR = 1.4, 95% CI, 0.9-2.1; P = .132, OR = 1.44, 95% CI, 0.89-2.33, respectively); and at low maternal educational level, the frequency of ID + II genotypes was significantly higher in the NTD case group (P < .05, OR = 1.7, 95% CI, 1.01-2.79). The result suggested that the polymorphism in UCP2 may be a potential genetic risk factor for NTDs in a high-risk area of China, and the association was influenced by maternal education.
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22
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De Steur H, Gellynck X, Storozhenko S, Liqun G, Lambert W, Van Der Straeten D, Viaene J. Health impact in China of folate-biofortified rice. Nat Biotechnol 2010; 28:554-6. [DOI: 10.1038/nbt0610-554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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23
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Wang JF, Liu X, Christakos G, Liao YL, Gu X, Zheng XY. Assessing local determinants of neural tube defects in the Heshun Region, Shanxi Province, China. BMC Public Health 2010; 10:52. [PMID: 20122256 PMCID: PMC2829501 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2009] [Accepted: 02/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neural tube defect (NTD) prevalence in northern China is among the highest worldwide. Dealing with the NTD situation is ranked as the number one task in China's scientific development plan in population and health field for the next decade. Physical and social environments account for much of the disease's occurrence. The environmental determinants and their effects on NTD vary across geographical regions, whereas factors that play a significant role in NTD occurrence may be buried by global statistics analysis to a pooled dataset over the entire study area. This study aims at identification of the local determinants of NTD across the study area and exploration of the epidemiological implications of the findings. METHODS NTD prevalence rate is represented in terms of the random field theory, and Rushton's circle method is used to stabilize NTD rate estimation across the geographical area of interest; NTD determinants are represented by their measurable proxy variables and the geographical weighted regression (GWR) technique is used to represent the spatial heterogeneity of the NTD determinants. RESULTS Informative maps of the NTD rates and the statistically significant proxy variables are generated and rigorously assessed in quantitative terms. CONCLUSIONS The NTD determinants in the study area are investigated and interpreted on the basis of the maps of the proxy variables and the relationships between the proxy variables and the NTD determinants. No single determinant was found to dominate the NTD occurrence in the study area. Villages where NTD rates are significantly linked to environmental determinants are identified (some places are more closely linked to certain environmental factors than others). The results improve current understanding of NTD spread in China and provide valuable information for adequate disease intervention planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Feng Wang
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - George Christakos
- Department of Geography, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182-4493, USA
| | - Yi-Lan Liao
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xue Gu
- Beijing Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Zheng
- Institute of Population Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Willingness-to-accept and purchase genetically modified rice with high folate content in Shanxi Province, China. Appetite 2010; 54:118-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2009.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2009] [Revised: 09/11/2009] [Accepted: 09/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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