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Ortega-Requena S, Montiel C, Máximo F, Gómez M, Murcia MD, Bastida J. Esters in the Food and Cosmetic Industries: An Overview of the Reactors Used in Their Biocatalytic Synthesis. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:268. [PMID: 38204120 PMCID: PMC10779758 DOI: 10.3390/ma17010268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Esters are versatile compounds with a wide range of applications in various industries due to their unique properties and pleasant aromas. Conventionally, the manufacture of these compounds has relied on the chemical route. Nevertheless, this technique employs high temperatures and inorganic catalysts, resulting in undesired additional steps to purify the final product by removing solvent residues, which decreases environmental sustainability and energy efficiency. In accordance with the principles of "Green Chemistry" and the search for more environmentally friendly methods, a new alternative, the enzymatic route, has been introduced. This technique uses low temperatures and does not require the use of solvents, resulting in more environmentally friendly final products. Despite the large number of studies published on the biocatalytic synthesis of esters, little attention has been paid to the reactors used for it. Therefore, it is convenient to gather the scattered information regarding the type of reactor employed in these synthesis reactions, considering the industrial field in which the process is carried out. A comparison between the performance of the different reactor configurations will allow us to draw the appropriate conclusions regarding their suitability for each specific industrial application. This review addresses, for the first time, the above aspects, which will undoubtedly help with the correct industrial implementation of these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Josefa Bastida
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Campus of Espinardo, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (S.O.-R.); (C.M.); (F.M.); (M.G.); (M.D.M.)
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2
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Towards rapid and sustainable synthesis of biodiesel: A review of effective parameters and scale-up potential of intensification technologies for enzymatic biodiesel production. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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3
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Vázquez L, Bañares C, Torres CF, Reglero G. Green Technologies for the Production of Modified Lipids. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 2020; 11:319-337. [PMID: 31910657 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-food-032519-051701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the use of green solvents in enzyme catalysis of lipophilic compounds is achieving increasing interest from different perspectives. Conducting reactions under supercritical fluids, ionic liquids, deep eutectic solvents, and other green solvents affords opportunities to overcome problems associated with the lack of solubility of lipids in conventional solvents and the poor miscibility of substrates. Research on the biocatalytic production of modified lipids in the framework of green chemistry is conducted to improve the efficiency of obtaining the desired products as well as the selectivity, stability, and activity of the enzymatic systems. This overview describes the fundamentals and characteristics of several types of green solvents, the main variables involved in enzymatic processes, and examples and applications in the field of lipid modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Vázquez
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research, CIAL (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; e-mail:
| | - Celia Bañares
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research, CIAL (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; e-mail:
| | - Carlos F Torres
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research, CIAL (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; e-mail:
| | - Guillermo Reglero
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research, CIAL (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; e-mail: .,Department of Production and Development of Foods for Health, IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI (UAM-CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain
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4
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Abstract
Immobilization techniques are generally based on reusing enzymes in industrial applications to reduce costs and improve enzyme properties. These techniques have been developing for decades, and many methods for immobilizing enzymes have been designed. To find a better immobilization method, it is necessary to review the recently developed methods and have a clear overview of the advantages and limitations of each method. This review introduces the recently reported immobilization methods and discusses the improvements in enzyme properties by different methods. Among the techniques to improve enzyme properties, metal–organic frameworks, which have diverse structures, abundant organic ligands and metal nodes, offer a promising platform.
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Li P, Liang ZH, Jiang Z, Qiu Z, Du B, Liu YB, Li WZ, Tan LH. Supercritical fluid extraction effectively removes phthalate plasticizers in spores of Ganoderma lucidum. Food Sci Biotechnol 2018; 27:1857-1864. [PMID: 30483450 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-018-0404-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Phthalate plasticizers residue in food is a serious threat to public health. Spores of Ganoderma lucidum are easy to be contaminated with phthalates during collection and processing. In this study, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) was performed to remove phthalates in spores of G. lucidum, and the effects on acid and peroxide values of spores' oil were also evaluated. The results showed SFE removed 100% of the residual di-iso-butyl phthalate, di-n-butyl phthalate and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate in the spores of G. lucidum. No significant differences in polysaccharides content and fatty acid composition were observed between SFE and control spores. However, the triterpenoid extracts of SFE spores had a 7.45% increase, significantly higher than that in control spores. Accelerated oxidation tests further implied that SFE could improve the stability of spores' oil. Our results suggested SFE is a potential approach to remove phthalate from food related products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Li
- 1College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Zuan-Hao Liang
- 1College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Zhuo Jiang
- 1College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Ziyou Qiu
- 1College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Bing Du
- 1College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642 China.,Juxiangyuan Health Food (Zhongshan) Co. Ltd., No. 13, Yandong Second Road, Torch Development Zone, Zhongshan, 528400 China
| | - Yu-Bing Liu
- Guangzhou Dnjoy Biotechnology Co. Ltd., 66 Jianzhong Road, Science and Technology Park, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Wen-Zhi Li
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd., Zhujiang West Road, Pearl River New Town, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510627 China
| | - Li-Hao Tan
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd., Zhujiang West Road, Pearl River New Town, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510627 China
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Carissimi G, Montalbán MG, Díaz Baños FG, Víllora G. High pressure phase equilibria for binary mixtures of CO2 + 2-pentanol, vinyl butyrate, 2-pentyl butyrate or butyric acid systems. J Supercrit Fluids 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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7
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dos Santos P, Meireles MAA, Martínez J. Production of isoamyl acetate by enzymatic reactions in batch and packed bed reactors with supercritical CO 2. J Supercrit Fluids 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2017.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Dos Santos JCS, Bonazza HL, de Matos LJBL, Carneiro EA, Barbosa O, Fernandez-Lafuente R, Gonçalves LRB, de Sant' Ana HB, Santiago-Aguiar RS. Immobilization of CALB on activated chitosan: Application to enzymatic synthesis in supercritical and near-critical carbon dioxide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 14:16-26. [PMID: 28459004 PMCID: PMC5397107 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Revised: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Lipase B from Candida antarctica immobilized on activated chitosan. The loading capacity of the new biocatalyst is around 20 mg/g of support. Biocatalyst was higher than that of the CALB-Octyl (by a 53-fold factor). Enzymatic esterification reaction in supercritical or near-critical CO2. Molecular sieves promoted 16.0% increase in enzymatic esterification reaction.
The objective of this new paper was to evaluate the enzymatic esterification reaction conducted in supercritical or near-critical CO2, catalyzed by immobilized lipase B from Candida antarctica (CALB). The biocatalyst was prepared through the immobilization of CALB by covalent attachment using chitosan sequentially activated with Glycidol, ethylenediamine (EDA) and glutaraldehyde as support. In order to determine the best operational conditions of the esterification reaction (1: 1 (alcohol–acid); biocatalyst content, 10% (by substrate mass); 45 °C), an experimental design (23) was conducted to evaluate the effects of the following parameters: alcohol to oil molar ratios, reaction time and temperature. The maximum loading of chitosan was 20 mg protein/g support, and the thermal and solvent stability of the new biocatalyst was higher than that of the CALB-GX (by a 26-fold factor), CALB-OC (by a 53-fold factor) and Novozym 435 (by a 3-fold factor). The maximum conversion was 46.9% at a temperature of 29.9 °C, ethanol to oleic acid molar ratio equal to 4.50:1, and a reaction time of 6.5 h. Additionally, the removal of water from the medium, by using molecular sieves, promoted a 16.0% increase in the conversion of oleic acid into ethyl esters.
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Affiliation(s)
- José C S Dos Santos
- Instituto de Engenharias e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, CEP 62785-000, Acarape, CE, Brazil
| | - Horacio L Bonazza
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química, Paraje "El Pozo", RN 168, km 0, Santa Fe, 3000, Argentina
| | - Leonardo J B L de Matos
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Centro de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, 60455-760, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Elizabete A Carneiro
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Centro de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, 60455-760, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Oveimar Barbosa
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Del Tolima, Ibagué, Colombia
| | | | - Luciana R B Gonçalves
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Centro de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, 60455-760, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Hosiberto B de Sant' Ana
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Centro de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, 60455-760, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Rílvia S Santiago-Aguiar
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Centro de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, 60455-760, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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9
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Abaházi E, Lestál D, Boros Z, Poppe L. Tailoring the Spacer Arm for Covalent Immobilization of Candida antarctica Lipase B-Thermal Stabilization by Bisepoxide-Activated Aminoalkyl Resins in Continuous-Flow Reactors. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21060767. [PMID: 27304947 PMCID: PMC6274432 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21060767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient and easy-to-perform method was developed for immobilization of CaLB on mesoporous aminoalkyl polymer supports by bisepoxide activation. Polyacrylate resins (100–300 µm; ~50 nm pores) with different aminoalkyl functional groups (ethylamine: EA and hexylamine: HA) were modified with bisepoxides differing in the length, rigidity and hydrophobicity of the units linking the two epoxy functions. After immobilization, the different CaLB preparations were evaluated using the lipase-catalyzed kinetic resolution (KR) of racemic 1-phenylethanol (rac-1) in batch mode and in a continuous-flow reactor as well. Catalytic activity, enantiomer selectivity, recyclability, and the mechanical and long-term stability of CaLB immobilized on the various supports were tested. The most active CaLB preparation (on HA-resin activated with 1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether—HDGE) retained 90% of its initial activity after 13 consecutive reaction cycles or after 12 month of storage at 4 °C. The specific rate (rflow), enantiomer selectivity (E) and enantiomeric excess (ee) achievable with the best immobilized CaLB preparations were studied as a function of temperature in kinetic resolution of rac-1 performed in continuous-flow packed-bed bioreactors. The optimum temperature of the most active HA-HDGE CaLB in continuous-flow mode was 60 °C. Although CaLB immobilized on the glycerol diglycidyl ether (GDGE)-activated EA-resin was less active and less selective, a much higher optimum temperature (80 °C) was observed with this form in continuous-flow mode KR of rac-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emese Abaházi
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, Budapest H-1111, Hungary.
| | - Dávid Lestál
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, Budapest H-1111, Hungary.
| | - Zoltán Boros
- SynBiocat LLC; Lövőház u. 19/1, Budapest H-1043, Hungary.
| | - László Poppe
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, Budapest H-1111, Hungary.
- SynBiocat LLC; Lövőház u. 19/1, Budapest H-1043, Hungary.
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- Goran T. Vladisavljević
- Chemical Engineering Department, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK
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11
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Tanbirul Haque ASM, Chun BS. Particle formation and characterization of mackerel reaction oil by gas saturated solution process. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2016; 53:293-303. [PMID: 26787949 PMCID: PMC4711435 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-015-2000-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Most of the health benefits of fish oil can be attributed to the presence of omega-3 fatty acids like Docosahexenoic acid (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). There are few dietary sources of EPA and DHA other than oily fish. EPA and DHA have great potential effect on human health. In this research, Supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) extracted mackerel oil was reacted by enzyme at different systems to improve the EPA and DHA. Different types of immobilize enzyme TL-IM, RM-IM, Novozyme 435 were assessed for improving PUFAs. Best result was found at non-pressurized system using TL-IM. Reacted oil particle were obtained with polyethylene glycol by gas saturated solution process (PGSS). Different parameters like temperature, pressure, agitation speed and nozzle size effect on particle formulation were observed. SEM and PSA analysis showed, small size non spherical particles were obtained. It was found that after particle formation poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were present in particle as same in oil. PUFAs release from particle was almost linear against constant time duration. Oil quality in particle not change significantly, in this contrast this study will be helpful for food and pharmaceutical industry to provide high EPA and DHA containing powder.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. S. M. Tanbirul Haque
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-Gu, Busan 608-737 Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Soo Chun
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-Gu, Busan 608-737 Republic of Korea
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12
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Enzymatic synthesis of soybean biodiesel using supercritical carbon dioxide as solvent in a continuous expanded-bed reactor. J Supercrit Fluids 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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13
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Lozano P, Bernal JM, Nieto S, Gomez C, Garcia-Verdugo E, Luis SV. Active biopolymers in green non-conventional media: a sustainable tool for developing clean chemical processes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:17361-74. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc07600e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
By understanding structure–function relationships of active biopolymers (e.g. enzymes and nucleic acids) in green non-conventional media, sustainable chemical processes may be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Lozano
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular “B” e Inmunología
- Facultad de Química
- Campus de Excelencia Internacional Mare Nostrum
- Universidad de Murcia
- Murcia
| | - Juana M. Bernal
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular “B” e Inmunología
- Facultad de Química
- Campus de Excelencia Internacional Mare Nostrum
- Universidad de Murcia
- Murcia
| | - Susana Nieto
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular “B” e Inmunología
- Facultad de Química
- Campus de Excelencia Internacional Mare Nostrum
- Universidad de Murcia
- Murcia
| | - Celia Gomez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular “B” e Inmunología
- Facultad de Química
- Campus de Excelencia Internacional Mare Nostrum
- Universidad de Murcia
- Murcia
| | | | - Santiago V. Luis
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica
- Universidad Jaume I
- Castellón
- Spain
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Stergiou PY, Foukis A, Filippou M, Koukouritaki M, Parapouli M, Theodorou LG, Hatziloukas E, Afendra A, Pandey A, Papamichael EM. Advances in lipase-catalyzed esterification reactions. Biotechnol Adv 2013; 31:1846-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Enzymatic conversion of corn oil into biodiesel in a batch supercritical carbon dioxide reactor and kinetic modeling. J Supercrit Fluids 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2012.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Bernal JM, Lozano P, García-Verdugo E, Burguete MI, Sánchez-Gómez G, López-López G, Pucheault M, Vaultier M, Luis SV. Supercritical synthesis of biodiesel. Molecules 2012; 17:8696-719. [PMID: 22825622 PMCID: PMC6268286 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17078696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Revised: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of biodiesel fuel from lipids (vegetable oils and animal fats) has gained in importance as a possible source of renewable non-fossil energy in an attempt to reduce our dependence on petroleum-based fuels. The catalytic processes commonly used for the production of biodiesel fuel present a series of limitations and drawbacks, among them the high energy consumption required for complex purification operations and undesirable side reactions. Supercritical fluid (SCF) technologies offer an interesting alternative to conventional processes for preparing biodiesel. This review highlights the advances, advantages, drawbacks and new tendencies involved in the use of supercritical fluids (SCFs) for biodiesel synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juana M. Bernal
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular B e Inmunología, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, E-30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Pedro Lozano
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular B e Inmunología, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, E-30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Eduardo García-Verdugo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universidad Jaume I, Campus del Riu Sec, E-12071 Castellón, Spain; (E.G.-V.); (M.I.B.); (S.V.L.)
| | - M. Isabel Burguete
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universidad Jaume I, Campus del Riu Sec, E-12071 Castellón, Spain; (E.G.-V.); (M.I.B.); (S.V.L.)
| | - Gregorio Sánchez-Gómez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, E-30100 Murcia, Spain; (G.S.-G.); (G.L.-L.)
| | - Gregorio López-López
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, E-30100 Murcia, Spain; (G.S.-G.); (G.L.-L.)
| | - Mathieu Pucheault
- Groupe Phoenics, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, Université Bordeaux 1. CNRS UMR 5255, F33405 Talence cedex, France; (M.P.); (M.V.)
| | - Michel Vaultier
- Groupe Phoenics, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, Université Bordeaux 1. CNRS UMR 5255, F33405 Talence cedex, France; (M.P.); (M.V.)
| | - Santiago V. Luis
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universidad Jaume I, Campus del Riu Sec, E-12071 Castellón, Spain; (E.G.-V.); (M.I.B.); (S.V.L.)
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Silveira RL, Martínez J, Skaf MS, Martínez L. Enzyme Microheterogeneous Hydration and Stabilization in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:5671-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp3017858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Leandro Martínez
- Institute of Physics
of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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18
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Shin SK, Sim JE, Kishimura H, Chun BS. Characteristics of menhaden oil ethanolysis by immobilized lipase in supercritical carbon dioxide. J IND ENG CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2011.11.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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19
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20
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Continuous production of fatty acid methyl esters from corn oil in a supercritical carbon dioxide bioreactor. J Supercrit Fluids 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2011.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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21
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22
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Wimmer Z, Zarevúcka M. A review on the effects of supercritical carbon dioxide on enzyme activity. Int J Mol Sci 2010; 11:233-253. [PMID: 20162013 PMCID: PMC2821001 DOI: 10.3390/ijms11010233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2009] [Revised: 01/07/2010] [Accepted: 01/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Different types of enzymes such as lipases, several phosphatases, dehydrogenases, oxidases, amylases and others are well suited for the reactions in SC-CO2. The stability and the activity of enzymes exposed to carbon dioxide under high pressure depend on enzyme species, water content in the solution and on the pressure and temperature of the reaction system. The three-dimensional structure of enzymes may be significantly altered under extreme conditions, causing their denaturation and consequent loss of activity. If the conditions are less adverse, the protein structure may be largely retained. Minor structural changes may induce an alternative active protein state with altered enzyme activity, specificity and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdeněk Wimmer
- Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, Isotope Laboratory, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4–Krč, Czech Republic; E-Mail:
| | - Marie Zarevúcka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry AS CR, Flemingovo náměstí 2, 166 10 Prague 6–Dejvice, Czech Republic
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail:
; Tel.: +420-220-183-281; Fax: +420-220-183-582
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24
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Oliveira MV, Rebocho SF, Ribeiro AS, Macedo EA, Loureiro JM. Kinetic modelling of decyl acetate synthesis by immobilized lipase-catalysed transesterification of vinyl acetate with decanol in supercritical carbon dioxide. J Supercrit Fluids 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2009.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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26
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Rezaei K, Jenab E, Temelli F. Effects of Water on Enzyme Performance with an Emphasis on the Reactions in Supercritical Fluids. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2008; 27:183-95. [DOI: 10.1080/07388550701775901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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27
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Gumí T, Fernandez-Delgado Albacete J, Paolucci-Jeanjean D, Belleville MP, Rios GM. Study of the influence of the hydrodynamic parameters on the performance of an enzymatic membrane reactor. J Memb Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2007.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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28
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Daintree LS, Kordikowski A, York P. Separation processes for organic molecules using SCF Technologies. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2008; 60:351-72. [PMID: 18006179 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2007.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2007] [Accepted: 03/16/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Supercritical fluids have been applied for many years for the separation of solutes from solids or solute mixtures in both exploratory and industrial applications. In the pharmaceutical industry the generation of pure solid states without impurities is important as the presence of impurities can result in a change in chemical properties or lead to physical instability. The literature on the separation and purification of solutes from solid matrices and solute mixtures using supercritical fluids, with the main emphasis on pharmaceutically important molecules, is reviewed in this article. Also discussed is the application of supercritical fluids in the control of process impurities such as chemical intermediates and residual solvent and in polymorphic control and chiral resolution. As the generation of organic molecules of pharmaceutical interest with high purity is important in pharmaceuticals this review additionally provides a brief overview of highly selective chemical reactions in supercritical fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S Daintree
- ParticlesCIC, University of Leeds, Houldsworth Building, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.
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29
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Biasutti MA, Abuin EB, Silber JJ, Correa NM, Lissi EA. Kinetics of reactions catalyzed by enzymes in solutions of surfactants. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2008; 136:1-24. [PMID: 17706582 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2007.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2006] [Revised: 06/30/2007] [Accepted: 07/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The effect of surfactants, both in water-in-oil microemulsions (hydrated reverse micelles) and aqueous solutions upon enzymatic processes is reviewed, with special emphasis on the effect of the surfactant upon the kinetic parameters of the process. Differences and similarities between processes taking place in aqueous and organic solvents are highlighted, and the main models currently employed to interpret the results are briefly discussed.
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30
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de los Ríos AP, Hernández-Fernández FJ, Gómez D, Rubio M, Tomás-Alonso F, Víllora G. Understanding the chemical reaction and mass-transfer phenomena in a recirculating enzymatic membrane reactor for green ester synthesis in ionic liquid/supercritical carbon dioxide biphasic systems. J Supercrit Fluids 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2007.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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31
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Hobbs HR, Thomas NR. Biocatalysis in Supercritical Fluids, in Fluorous Solvents, and under Solvent-Free Conditions. Chem Rev 2007; 107:2786-820. [PMID: 17564485 DOI: 10.1021/cr0683820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helen R Hobbs
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
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32
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Rios GM, Belleville MP, Paolucci-Jeanjean D. Membrane engineering in biotechnology: quo vamus? Trends Biotechnol 2007; 25:242-6. [PMID: 17433844 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2007.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2006] [Accepted: 04/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Membranes are essential to a range of applications, including the production of potable water, energy generation, tissue repair, pharmaceutical production, food packaging, and the separations needed for the manufacture of chemicals, electronics and a range of other products. Therefore, they are considered to be "dominant technologies" by governments and industry in several prominent countries--for example, USA, Japan and China. When combined with catalysts, membranes are at the basis of life, and membrane-based biomimetism is a key tool to obtain better quality products and environmentally friendly developments for our societies. Biology has a main part in this global landscape because it simultaneously provides the "model" (with natural biological membranes) and represents a considerable field of applications for new artificial membranes (biotreatments, bioconversions and artificial organs). In this article, our objective is to open up this enthralling area and to give our views about the future of membranes in biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilbert M Rios
- IEM UMR 5635, CC047, Place E. Bataillon, F 34095 Montpellier cedex 05, France.
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33
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Lozano P, García-Verdugo E, Piamtongkam R, Karbass N, De Diego T, Burguete MI, Luis S, Iborra J. Bioreactors Based on Monolith-Supported Ionic Liquid Phase for Enzyme Catalysis in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide. Adv Synth Catal 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200600554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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34
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Dijkstra Z, Merchant R, Keurentjes J. Stability and activity of enzyme aggregates of Calb in supercritical CO2. J Supercrit Fluids 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2006.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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35
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Foresti M, Ferreira M. Analysis of the interaction of lipases with polypropylene of different structure and polypropylene-modified glass surface. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2006.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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36
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Lozano P, De Diego T, Sauer T, Vaultier M, Gmouh S, Iborra JL. On the importance of the supporting material for activity of immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B in ionic liquid/hexane and ionic liquid/supercritical carbon dioxide biphasic media. J Supercrit Fluids 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2006.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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37
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Rezaei K, Temelli F, Jenab E. Effects of pressure and temperature on enzymatic reactions in supercritical fluids. Biotechnol Adv 2007; 25:272-80. [PMID: 17303365 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2006.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2006] [Revised: 12/28/2006] [Accepted: 12/28/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Supercritical fluids (SCFs) are receiving increasing attention as reaction media because they permit higher reaction rates compared with the conventional solvents. The ease of manipulating the physical properties of the SCFs enables easier control of the reaction conditions and easier solvent removal after the reaction. This review focuses on effects of pressure, temperature and the properties of the SCFs, on enzymatic reactions. Phase behavior, reaction rate and activation volume in SCFs are discussed. Within the ranges of pressure (10-40 MPa) and temperature (35-60 degrees C) that typically characterize the supercritical region, an increase in pressure and/or a decrease in temperature lead to a decrease in the enzyme turnover because the diffusion coefficients of the substrates migrating to the active sites of enzymes are affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Rezaei
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Biosystem Engineering, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
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38
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Biocatalytic esterification of lavandulol in supercritical carbon dioxide using acetic acid as the acyl donor. Enzyme Microb Technol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2005.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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39
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Lozano P, de Diego T, Iborra JL. Immobilization of Enzymes for Use in Supercritical Fluids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-59745-053-9_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
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40
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41
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Foresti M, Ferreira M. Solvent-free ethyl oleate synthesis mediated by lipase from Candida antarctica B adsorbed on polypropylene powder. Catal Today 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2005.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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42
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Šabeder S, Habulin M, Knez Ž. Comparison of the Esterification of Fructose and Palmitic Acid in Organic Solvent and in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide. Ind Eng Chem Res 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/ie050266k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saša Šabeder
- University of Maribor, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory for Separation Processes, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Maja Habulin
- University of Maribor, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory for Separation Processes, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Željko Knez
- University of Maribor, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory for Separation Processes, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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43
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Paolucci-Jeanjean D, Belleville M, Rios G. Biomolecule Applications for Membrane-Based Phase Contacting Systems. Chem Eng Res Des 2005. [DOI: 10.1205/cherd.04197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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44
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Current awareness on yeast. Yeast 2005. [PMID: 15773059 PMCID: PMC7169799 DOI: 10.1002/yea.1158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to keep subscribers up‐to‐date with the latest developments in their field, this current awareness service is provided by John Wiley & Sons and contains newly‐published material on yeasts. Each bibliography is divided into 10 sections. 1 Books, Reviews & Symposia; 2 General; 3 Biochemistry; 4 Biotechnology; 5 Cell Biology; 6 Gene Expression; 7 Genetics; 8 Physiology; 9 Medical Mycology; 10 Recombinant DNA Technology. Within each section, articles are listed in alphabetical order with respect to author. If, in the preceding period, no publications are located relevant to any one of these headings, that section will be omitted. (4 weeks journals ‐ search completed 10th. Nov. 2004)
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