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Diagnosis and Management of Pathological Conditions. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2023; 81:E221-E262. [PMID: 37833025 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2023.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
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de Souza LL, Pontes FSC, Fonseca FP, da Mata Rezende DS, Vasconcelos VCS, Pontes HAR. Chondrosarcoma of the jaw bones: a review of 224 cases reported to date and an analysis of prognostic factors. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018; 48:452-460. [PMID: 30528199 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to integrate the available published data on chondrosarcoma (CHS) of the jaw bones into a comprehensive analysis of its clinical and histological features, treatment, and prognostic factors. An electronic search was undertaken in October 2017. To be eligible, the publication had to provide sufficient clinical/histological data to confirm the diagnosis. One hundred and ten publications (224 cases of CHS) were identified and included. There was a slightly higher prevalence of CHS in males than in females. Most subjects with CHS were in the second to fifth decades of life. The most common symptom was swelling and the most commonly observed location was the maxilla. Histologically, most tumours were of the conventional type and were low grade tumours. The treatment of choice was tumour resection. Histological grade, treatment with chemotherapy alone, and the presentation of recurrence or metastasis were found to be significant independent prognostic factors: patients who presented high-grade tumours, who received chemotherapy alone as the treatment of choice, and those who presented recurrence or metastasis were more likely to have a worse prognosis. In addition, radical surgery associated with radiotherapy as the treatment protocol showed a better prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L de Souza
- Oral Surgery and Pathology Department, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital/Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil.
| | - F S C Pontes
- Oral Surgery and Pathology Department, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital/Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - F P Fonseca
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - D S da Mata Rezende
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Semiology and Oral Pathology Areas, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - V C S Vasconcelos
- Oral Surgery and Pathology Department, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital/Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - H A R Pontes
- Oral Surgery and Pathology Department, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital/Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil; Oral Diagnosis Department, Semiology and Oral Pathology Areas, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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McCoy JM, Oreadi D. Diagnosis and Management of Pathological Conditions. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017; 75:e224-e263. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2017.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Yu L, Li M, Lin R, Mu Y, Zhao J. Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the right buccal region: A case report and review of the literature. Oncol Lett 2014; 8:2557-2560. [PMID: 25364427 PMCID: PMC4214473 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Extraskeletal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma (EMCS) is a rare malignant cartilaginous tumor arising from the soft tissues. The most common areas of extraskeletal origin are the lower extremities, the orbits and the central nervous system, among others. In this study, the case of primary EMCS arising from the right buccal region in a 26-year old female is presented. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the diagnosis of EMCS. Subseqently, the patient was treated with radical surgery, but declined chemotherapy or radiotherapy, which was recommended. One year after surgery, no recurrence had been identified in the patient. To the best of our knowledge, only one case of primary EMCS of the buccal region has been reported previously. In the current study, a case of primary EMCS of the buccal region is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijiang Yu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Mingliang Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Runtai Lin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Yue Mu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Jizhi Zhao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
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Goutzanis L, Kalfarentzos EF, Petsinis V, Papadogeorgakis N. Chondrosarcoma of the mandibular condyle in a patient with Werner syndrome: A case report. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2013; 41:e170-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2012.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2012] [Revised: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Nakayama R, Miura Y, Ogino J, Susa M, Watanabe I, Horiuchi K, Anazawa U, Toyama Y, Morioka H, Mukai M, Hasegawa T. Detection of HEY1-NCOA2 fusion by fluorescence in-situ hybridization in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues as a possible diagnostic tool for mesenchymal chondrosarcoma. Pathol Int 2013; 62:823-6. [PMID: 23252872 DOI: 10.1111/pin.12022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Accepted: 11/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma (MC) is an extremely rare subtype of chondrosarcoma. A tumor specific fusion gene, HEY1-NCOA2 fusion, was recently identified in this tumor. The finding raises the possibility that the diagnosis of MC can be improved by examining the fusion gene. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in detecting HEY1-NCOA2 fusion for the diagnosis of MC. Specimens from 10 patients diagnosed with MC were used for the study. Dual-color FISH was performed using two different probes that specifically hybridize to HEY1 and NCOA2, respectively. Fusion signals were identified in all but two specimens, in which no signal was detected, presumably because of inadequate sample preparation. In accordance with results of a previous study, FISH analysis was highly sensitive in detecting HEY1-NCOA2 fusion in adequately prepared MC samples. The current study adds further support for the use of HEY1-NCOA2 fusion as a valid diagnostic marker for MC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Nakayama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Carlson ER, Ghali GE, Herb-Brower KE. Diagnosis and management of pathological conditions. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2012; 70:e232-71. [PMID: 23128003 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2012.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Mavrogenis AF, Gambarotti M, Angelini A, Palmerini E, Staals EL, Ruggieri P, Papagelopoulos PJ. Chondrosarcomas revisited. Orthopedics 2012; 35:e379-90. [PMID: 22385450 DOI: 10.3928/01477447-20120222-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Chondrosarcomas are malignant bone tumors with pure hyaline cartilage differentiation; myxoid changes, calcification, or ossification may be present. Several subtypes of chondrosarcomas exist. Behavior patterns vary, ranging from slow-growing nonmetastasizing lesions to aggressive metastasizing sarcomas. Symptoms are usually mild, with duration ranging from several months to years, and usually consist of persistent, dull, aching pain or palpable masses. Radiographic findings include bone expansion with cortical thickening, radiolucent areas with variably distributed punctate or ring-like matrix calcifications, cortical erosion or destruction, endosteal scalloping, and scant or absent periosteal reaction; extension into the soft tissue may be present. Histological differential diagnosis from benign cartilaginous lesions can be achieved by increased cellularity, enlarged plump nuclei, binucleated cells, hyperchromatic nuclear pleomorphism, and permeation of cortical or medullary bone. Atypia is usually mild to moderate; necrosis and mitoses can be seen, particularly in high-grade lesions. Adequate surgery is the mainstay of treatment. High-grade and pelvic chondrosarcomas are best managed with wide resection. Because of the low metastatic potential and low local recurrence rate noted with intralesional surgery, low-grade chondrosarcomas can be treated with curettage (with or without treatment of the defect cavity) with a local adjuvant, such as phenol or cryotherapy. Adjuvant chemotherapy may be considered for mesenchymal and dedifferentiated chondrosarcomas. Radiation therapy can be considered after incomplete resection or if resection is not feasible or would cause unacceptable morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas F Mavrogenis
- First Department of Orthopaedics, ATTIKON University Hospital, Athens University Medical School, 41 Ventouri St, 15562 Holargos, Athens, Greece.
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Abstract
Mesenchymal Chondrosarcomas [MCS] are rare subtype of chondrosarcoma. They are distinct tumors arising in unicentric or multicentric locations. It usually appears in second to third decade of life. The neoplasm affects female more frequently than in males. They reveals unusual clinical behavior, characteristic male histopathological features, and poor prognosis with late recurrences. We report a rare case of MC arising in a 19 year male patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Ram
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, CSM Medical University, (Erstwhile King George`s Medical University), Lucknow, India
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Fanburg-Smith JC, Auerbach A, Marwaha JS, Wang Z, Rushing EJ. Reappraisal of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma: novel morphologic observations of the hyaline cartilage and endochondral ossification and β-catenin, Sox9, and osteocalcin immunostaining of 22 cases. Hum Pathol 2010; 41:653-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2009.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2009] [Revised: 10/31/2009] [Accepted: 11/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Fanburg-Smith JC, Auerbach A, Marwaha JS, Wang Z, Santi M, Judkins AR, Rushing EJ. Immunoprofile of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma: aberrant desmin and EMA expression, retention of INI1, and negative estrogen receptor in 22 female-predominant central nervous system and musculoskeletal cases. Ann Diagn Pathol 2010; 14:8-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2009.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2009] [Revised: 08/23/2009] [Accepted: 09/03/2009] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Tien N, Chaisuparat R, Fernandes R, Sarlani E, Papadimitriou JC, Ord RA, Nikitakis NG. Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma of the Maxilla: Case Report and Literature Review. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2007; 65:1260-6. [PMID: 17517320 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2005.11.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2005] [Revised: 10/11/2005] [Accepted: 11/07/2005] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niven Tien
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
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Al-Bayaty HF, Murti PR, Thomson ERE, Deen M. Painful, rapidly growing mass of the mandible. ORAL SURGERY, ORAL MEDICINE, ORAL PATHOLOGY, ORAL RADIOLOGY, AND ENDODONTICS 2003; 95:7-11. [PMID: 12539020 DOI: 10.1067/moe.2003.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haytham F Al-Bayaty
- Oral Biology and Oral Disease, School of Dentistry, The University of the West Indies, Trinidad
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Aziz SR, Miremadi AR, McCabe JC. Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the maxilla with diffuse metastasis: case report and literature review. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2002; 60:931-5. [PMID: 12149741 DOI: 10.1053/joms.2002.33865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shahid R Aziz
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Columbia University/New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA.
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