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Ponticelli M, Lela L, Moles M, Mangieri C, Bisaccia D, Faraone I, Falabella R, Milella L. The healing bitterness of Gentiana lutea L., phytochemistry and biological activities: A systematic review. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 206:113518. [PMID: 36423749 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Over many years, natural products have been a source of healing agents and have exhibited beneficial uses for treating human diseases. The Gentiana genus is the biggest genus in the Gentianaceae, with over 400 species distributed mainly in alpine zones of temperate countries around the world. Plants in the Gentiana genus have historically been used to treat a wide range of diseases. Still, only in the last years has particular attention been paid to the biological activities of Gentiana lutea Linn., also known as yellow Gentian or bitterwort. Several in vitro/vivo investigations and human interventional trials have demonstrated the promising activity of G. lutea extracts against oxidative stress, microbial infections, inflammation, obesity, atherosclerosis, etc.. A systematic approach was performed using Pubmed and Scopus databases to update G. lutea chemistry and activity. Specifically, this systematic review synthesized the major specialized bitter metabolites and the biological activity data obtained from different cell lines, animal models, and human interventional trials. This review aims to the exaltation of G. lutea as a source of bioactive compounds that can prevent and treat several human illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ponticelli
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale Dell'ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Ludovica Lela
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale Dell'ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Mariapia Moles
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale Dell'ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Claudia Mangieri
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale Dell'ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Donatella Bisaccia
- Italian National Research Council-Water Research Institute, Viale F. De Blasio 5, 70123, Bari, Italy
| | - Immacolata Faraone
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale Dell'ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy; Spinoff Bioactiplant Srl Viale Dell'ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Roberto Falabella
- Urology Unit, San Carlo Hospital, Via Potito Petrone, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Luigi Milella
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale Dell'ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy.
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Xu XJ, Lang JD, Yang J, Long B, Liu XD, Zeng XF, Tian G, You X. Differences of gut microbiota and behavioral symptoms between two subgroups of autistic children based on γδT cells-derived IFN-γ Levels: A preliminary study. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1100816. [PMID: 36875075 PMCID: PMC9975759 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1100816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are defined as a group of pervasive neurodevelopmental disorders, and the heterogeneity in the symptomology and etiology of ASD has long been recognized. Altered immune function and gut microbiota have been found in ASD populations. Immune dysfunction has been hypothesized to involve in the pathophysiology of a subtype of ASD. Methods A cohort of 105 ASD children were recruited and grouped based on IFN-γ levels derived from ex vivo stimulated γδT cells. Fecal samples were collected and analyzed with a metagenomic approach. Comparison of autistic symptoms and gut microbiota composition was made between subgroups. Enriched KEGG orthologues markers and pathogen-host interactions based on metagenome were also analyzed to reveal the differences in functional features. Results The autistic behavioral symptoms were more severe for children in the IFN-γ-high group, especially in the body and object use, social and self-help, and expressive language performance domains. LEfSe analysis of gut microbiota revealed an overrepresentation of Selenomonadales, Negatiyicutes, Veillonellaceae and Verrucomicrobiaceae and underrepresentation of Bacteroides xylanisolvens and Bifidobacterium longum in children with higher IFN-γ level. Decreased metabolism function of carbohydrate, amino acid and lipid in gut microbiota were found in the IFN-γ-high group. Additional functional profiles analyses revealed significant differences in the abundances of genes encoding carbohydrate-active enzymes between the two groups. And enriched phenotypes related to infection and gastroenteritis and underrepresentation of one gut-brain module associated with histamine degradation were also found in the IFN-γ-High group. Results of multivariate analyses revealed relatively good separation between the two groups. Conclusions Levels of IFN-γ derived from γδT cell could serve as one of the potential candidate biomarkers to subtype ASD individuals to reduce the heterogeneity associated with ASD and produce subgroups which are more likely to share a more similar phenotype and etiology. A better understanding of the associations among immune function, gut microbiota composition and metabolism abnormalities in ASD would facilitate the development of individualized biomedical treatment for this complex neurodevelopmental disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Jie Xu
- Medical Science Research Center, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Scientific Research, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ji-Dong Lang
- Precision Medicine Center, Geneis Beijing Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Long
- Medical Science Research Center, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Scientific Research, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xu-Dong Liu
- Medical Science Research Center, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Scientific Research, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Beijing, China
| | - Geng Tian
- Precision Medicine Center, Geneis Beijing Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Xin You
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Beijing, China.,Autism Special Fund, Peking Union Medical Foundation, Beijing, China
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Unveiling the Ability of Witch Hazel ( Hamamelis virginiana L.) Bark Extract to Impair Keratinocyte Inflammatory Cascade Typical of Atopic Eczema. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169279. [PMID: 36012541 PMCID: PMC9408886 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Hamamelis virginiana L. bark extract is a traditional remedy for skin affections, including atopic dermatitis/eczema (AD). Hamamelis preparations contain tannins, including hamamelitannin (HT), although their pharmacological role in AD is still unknown. This study aimed to study the rational for its topical use by considering the impact of crucial biomarkers on AD pathogenesis. A standardized extract (HVE) (0.5−125 μg/mL) was compared to hamamelitannin (HT), its main compound (0.5−5 μg/mL), in a model of human keratinocytes (HaCaTs), challenged with an AD-like cytokine milieu (TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-4). HVE inhibited the release of mediators involved in skin autoimmunity (IL-6 and IL-17C) and allergy (TSLP, IL-6, CCL26, and MMP-9) with a concentration-dependent fashion (IC50s < 25 μg/mL). The biological mechanism was ascribed, at least in part, to the impairment of the NF-κB-driven transcription. Moreover, HVE counteracted the proliferative effects of IL-4 and recovered K10, a marker of skin differentiation. Notably, HT showed activity on well-known targets of IL-4 pathway (CCL26, K10, cell proliferation). To the best of our knowledge, this work represents the first demonstration of the potential role of Hamamelis virginiana in the control of AD symptoms, such as itch and skin barrier impairment, supporting the relevance of the whole phytocomplex.
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Redhu D, Franke K, Aparicio-Soto M, Kumari V, Pazur K, Illerhaus A, Hartmann K, Worm M, Babina M. Mast cells instruct keratinocytes to produce TSLP - relevance of the tryptase/PAR-2 axis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 149:2053-2061.e6. [PMID: 35240143 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) promotes Th2 inflammation and is deeply intertwined with inflammatory dermatoses like atopic dermatitis. The mechanisms regulating TSLP are poorly defined. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether and by what mechanisms mast cells (MCs) foster TSLP responses in the cutaneous environment. METHODS Ex vivo and in vivo skin MC degranulation was induced by compound 48/80 in wildtype, PAR-2- and MC-deficient mice in the presence/absence of neutralizing antibodies, antagonists or exogenous mMCP6. Primary human keratinocytes (hKCs) and murine skin explants (mSEs) were stimulated with lysates/supernatants of human skin MCs, purified tryptase or MC-lysate diminished of tryptase. Chymase and histamine were also used. TSLP was quantified by ELISA, RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS Mrgprb2-activation elicited TSLP in intact skin, mainly in the epidermis. Responses were strictly MC-dependent and relied on PAR-2. Complementarily, TSLP was elicited by tryptase in mSEs. Exogenous mMCP6 could fully restore responsiveness in MC-deficient mSEs. Conversely, PAR-2-knockout mice were unresponsive to mMCP6, while displaying increased responsiveness to other inflammatory pathways, e.g. IL-1α. Indeed, IL-1α acted in concert with tryptase. In hKCs, MC-elicited TSLP generation was likewise abolished by tryptase inhibition or elimination. Chymase and histamine did not impact TSLP production, but histamine triggered IL-6, IL-8, and SCF. CONCLUSION MCs communicate with KCs more broadly than hitherto suspected. The tryptase-PAR-2 axis is a crucial component of this crosstalk, underlying MC-dependent stimulation of TSLP in neighboring KCs. Interference specifically with MC tryptase may offer a treatment option for disorders initiated or perpetuated by aberrant TSLP, such as atopic dermatitis. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Awareness of the crosstalk between MCs and KCs may permit improved management of skin disorders, e.g. by selective targeting of tryptase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davender Redhu
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Allergy Center Charité, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kristin Franke
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Allergy Center Charité, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marina Aparicio-Soto
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Allergy Center Charité, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vandana Kumari
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Allergy Center Charité, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kristijan Pazur
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Allergy Center Charité, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Illerhaus
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Karin Hartmann
- Department of Dermatology, Division of Allergy, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Margitta Worm
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Allergy Center Charité, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Magda Babina
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Allergy Center Charité, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
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Magnavacca A, Piazza S, Cammisa A, Fumagalli M, Martinelli G, Giavarini F, Sangiovanni E, Dell’Agli M. Ribes nigrum Leaf Extract Preferentially Inhibits IFN-γ-Mediated Inflammation in HaCaT Keratinocytes. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26103044. [PMID: 34065200 PMCID: PMC8160861 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26103044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribes nigrum L. (blackcurrant) leaf extracts, due to high levels of flavonols and anthocyanins, have been shown to exhibit beneficial effects in inflammatory diseases. However, whereas their traditional use has been investigated and validated in several models of inflammation and oxidative stress, the possible impact on skin disorders is still largely unknown. The purpose of this work was to elucidate the effects of R. nigrum leaf extract (RNLE) on keratinocyte-derived inflammatory mediators, elicited by a Th1 or Th2 cytokine milieu. HaCaT cells were challenged with TNF-α, either alone or in combination with the costimulatory cytokines IFN-γ or IL-4, and the release of proinflammatory cytokines and mediators (IL-8, IL-6, s-ICAM-1, and TSLP) was evaluated. The results showed that RNLE preferentially interferes with IFN-γ signaling, demonstrating only negligible activity on TNF-α or IL-4. This effect was attributed to flavonols, which might also account for the ability of RNLE to impair TNF-α/IL-4-induced TSLP release in a cAMP-independent manner. These results suggest that RNLE could have an antiallergic effect mediated in keratinocytes via mechanisms beyond histamine involvement. In conclusion, the discovery of RNLE preferential activity against IFN-γ-mediated inflammation suggests potential selectivity against Th1 type response and the possible use in Th1 inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Magnavacca
- Department of Pharmacological and Molecular Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.M.); (S.P.); (M.F.); (G.M.); (F.G.); (M.D.)
| | - Stefano Piazza
- Department of Pharmacological and Molecular Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.M.); (S.P.); (M.F.); (G.M.); (F.G.); (M.D.)
| | - Anna Cammisa
- Specialist in Dermatology and Venereology, Corso di Porta Romana 131, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Marco Fumagalli
- Department of Pharmacological and Molecular Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.M.); (S.P.); (M.F.); (G.M.); (F.G.); (M.D.)
| | - Giulia Martinelli
- Department of Pharmacological and Molecular Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.M.); (S.P.); (M.F.); (G.M.); (F.G.); (M.D.)
| | - Flavio Giavarini
- Department of Pharmacological and Molecular Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.M.); (S.P.); (M.F.); (G.M.); (F.G.); (M.D.)
| | - Enrico Sangiovanni
- Department of Pharmacological and Molecular Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.M.); (S.P.); (M.F.); (G.M.); (F.G.); (M.D.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mario Dell’Agli
- Department of Pharmacological and Molecular Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.M.); (S.P.); (M.F.); (G.M.); (F.G.); (M.D.)
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Campolo M, Casili G, Paterniti I, Filippone A, Lanza M, Ardizzone A, Scuderi SA, Cuzzocrea S, Esposito E. Effect of a Product Containing Xyloglucan and Pea Protein on a Murine Model of Atopic Dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103596. [PMID: 32438777 PMCID: PMC7279434 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the skin, characterized by dryness and more or less severe itching. The etiology of AD is complex and has not been fully clarified, involving genetic susceptibility, immunological abnormalities, epidermal barrier dysfunction, and environmental factors. Xyloglucan (XG) and pea protein (PP) are two compounds of natural origin characterized by the ability to create a physical barrier that protects mucosae membranes, reducing inflammation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential beneficial effects of XG + PP in both a mouse model of AD and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infection- associated AD. Mice were topically treated with 200 μL of 0.5% oxazolone on the dorsal skin three times a week for AD induction. Mice received XG and PP by topical administration 1 h before oxazolone treatment. In S. aureus infection-associated AD, to induce a superficial superinfection of the skin, mice were also treated with 5 μL of 108 of a culture of S. aureus for 2 weeks; mice superinfected received XG and PP by topical administration 1 h before oxazolone + S. aureus. Four weeks later, the skin was removed for histological and biochemical analysis. Our results demonstrated the protective barrier effects of XG and PP characterized by a reduction in histological tissue changes, mastocyte degranulation, and tight junction permeability in the skin following oxazolone treatment. Moreover, XG + PP was able to preserve filaggrin expression, a hallmark of AD. Our data also support the effectiveness of XG + PP to reduce the damage by superinfection post AD induced by S. aureus. In conclusion, a future product containing XG and PP could be considered as a potentially interesting approach for the treatment of AD.
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Kim M, Yin J, Hwang IH, Park DH, Lee EK, Kim MJ, Lee MW. Anti-Acne Vulgaris Effects of Pedunculagin from the Leaves of Quercus mongolica by Anti-Inflammatory Activity and 5α-Reductase Inhibition. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25092154. [PMID: 32380665 PMCID: PMC7249114 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercus mongolica (QM)—a member of the Fagaceae family—has been used as traditional medicine in Korea, China and Mongolia as a treatment for inflammation of oral, genital or anal mucosa and for external inflammation of skin. To treat acne vulgaris (AV), we evaluated the inhibition of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-8) of QM leaf extract (QML) and its main compound, pedunculagin (PD) in vitro and 5α-reductase inhibitory activity by western blotting. As results, QML and PD showed potent NO production inhibitory activity compared with the positive control (PC), NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA). QML and PD was also showed the decreases of IL-6 and IL-8 compared with the PC, EGCG and exhibited potent 5α-reductase type 1 inhibitory activities compared with the PC, dutasteride.
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Najjar SA, Davis BM, Albers KM. Epithelial-Neuronal Communication in the Colon: Implications for Visceral Pain. Trends Neurosci 2020; 43:170-181. [PMID: 31983457 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2019.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Visceral hypersensitivity and pain result, at least in part, from increased excitability of primary afferents that innervate the colon. In addition to intrinsic changes in these neurons, emerging evidence indicates that changes in lining epithelial cells may also contribute to increased excitability. Here we review recent studies on how colon epithelial cells communicate directly with colon afferents. Specifically, anatomical studies revealed specialized synaptic connections between epithelial cells and nerve fibers and studies using optogenetic activation of the epithelium showed initiation of pain-like responses. We review the possible mechanisms of epithelial-neuronal communication and provide an overview of the possible neurotransmitters and receptors involved. Understanding the biology of this interface and how it changes in pathological conditions may provide new treatments for visceral pain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Najjar
- Center for Neuroscience at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research and Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Brian M Davis
- Center for Neuroscience at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research and Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kathryn M Albers
- Center for Neuroscience at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research and Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Anti-histaminic Effects of Resveratrol and Silymarin on Human Gingival Fibroblasts. Inflammation 2019; 42:1622-1629. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-019-01023-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Díaz Nebreda A, Zappia CD, Rodríguez González A, Sahores A, Sosa M, Burghi V, Monczor F, Davio C, Fernández N, Shayo C. Involvement of histamine H 1 and H 2 receptor inverse agonists in receptor's crossregulation. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 847:42-52. [PMID: 30685431 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Histamine [2-(4-Imidazolyl)-ethylamine] modulates different biological processes, through histamine H1 and H2 receptors, and their respective blockers are widely used in treating allergic and gastric acid-related disorders. Histamine H1 and H2 receptor crossdesensitization and cointernalization induced by its agonists have been previously described. In this study, we show how this crosstalk determines the response to histamine H1 and H2 receptor inverse agonists and how histamine H1 and H2 receptor inverse agonists interfere with the other receptor's response to agonists. By desensitization assays we demonstrate that histamine H1 and H2 receptor inverse agonists induce a crossregulation between both receptors. In this sense, the histamine H1 receptor inverse agonists desensitize the cAMP response to amthamine, a histamine H2 receptor agonist. In turn, histamine H2 receptor inverse agonists interfere with histamine H1 receptor signaling. We also determine that the crossdesensitization induced by histamine H1 or H2 receptor agonists alters the histamine inverse agonists receptor response: activation of histamine H1 receptor affects cAMP response induced by histamine H2 receptor inverse agonists, whereas histamine H2 receptor agonist induces a negative regulation on the anti-inflammatory response of histamine H1 receptor inverse agonists. Binding studies revealed that histamine H1 and H2 receptors cointernalize after stimulus with histamine receptor inverse agonists. In addition, the inhibition of the internalization process prevents receptor crossregulation. Our study provides new insights in the mechanisms of action of histamine H1 and H2 receptors that explain the effect of histamine H1 and H2 receptor inverse agonists and opens up new venues for novel therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonela Díaz Nebreda
- Laboratorio de Patología y Farmacología Molecular, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME, CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos Daniel Zappia
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (ININFA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Angela Rodríguez González
- Laboratorio de Patología y Farmacología Molecular, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME, CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana Sahores
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (ININFA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Máximo Sosa
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (ININFA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Valeria Burghi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (ININFA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Federico Monczor
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (ININFA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos Davio
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (ININFA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Natalia Fernández
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (ININFA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carina Shayo
- Laboratorio de Patología y Farmacología Molecular, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME, CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Goto K, Hiramoto K, Kawakita M, Yamaoka M, Ooi K. The Influence of Reactive Oxygen Species and Glucocorticoids on Dry Skin in a Mouse Model of Arthritis. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2018; 31:188-197. [PMID: 29698950 DOI: 10.1159/000488250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dry skin induced by rheumatoid arthritis (RA) causes itching, which negatively influences a patient's quality of life. We previously reported that mast cells are related to dry skin in arthritic mice. However, the mechanism of mast cell activation is unclear. In this study, we examined the mechanism underlying the formation of dry skin induced by mast cells in arthritis that involves thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), neutrophils, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and glucocorticoids. METHODS Mice with DBA/1JJmsSlc collagen-induced arthritis were treated with inhibitors or neutralizing antibodies. We measured transepidermal water loss (TEWL) to examine the modulating signal of mast cells. RESULTS TEWL, the number of mast cells, and the plasma levels of TSLP, ROS, and corticosterone in the arthritic mice were increased when compared with the control mice. However, the mice treated with TSLP- and neutrophil-neutralizing antibodies and ROS and glucocorticoid receptor inhibitors (N-acetyl-L-cysteine [NAC] and RU-486, respectively) experienced an improvement. The ameliorating effect was most remarkable following treatment with NAC + RU-486. CONCLUSION This study suggested that inhibiting ROS and glucocorticoids is important to ameliorate dry skin in arthritis, which may provide a novel treatment option for dry skin in RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Goto
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Japan
| | - Keiichi Hiramoto
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Japan
| | - Mayu Kawakita
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Japan
| | - Miyu Yamaoka
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Japan
| | - Kazuya Ooi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Japan
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Alexeev V, Salas-Alanis JC, Palisson F, Mukhtarzada L, Fortuna G, Uitto J, South A, Igoucheva O. Pro-Inflammatory Chemokines and Cytokines Dominate the Blister Fluid Molecular Signature in Patients with Epidermolysis Bullosa and Affect Leukocyte and Stem Cell Migration. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 137:2298-2308. [PMID: 28736230 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is associated with skin blistering and the development of chronic nonhealing wounds. Although clinical studies have shown that cell-based therapies improve wound healing, the recruitment of therapeutic cells to blistering skin and to more advanced skin lesions remains a challenge. Here, we analyzed cytokines and chemokines in blister fluids of patients affected by dystrophic, junctional, and simplex EB. Our analysis revealed high levels of CXCR1, CXCR2, CCR2, and CCR4 ligands, particularly dominant in dystrophic and junctional EB. In vitro migration assays demonstrated the preferential recruitment of CCR4+ lymphocytes and CXCR1+, CXCR2+, and CCR2+ myeloid cells toward EB-derived blister fluids. Immunophenotyping of skin-infiltrating leukocytes confirmed substantial infiltration of EB-affected skin with resting (CD45RA+) and activated (CD45RO+) T cells and CXCR2+ CD11b+ cells, many of which were identified as CD16b+ neutrophils. Our studies also showed that abundance of CXCR2 ligand in blister fluids also creates a favorable milieu for the recruitment of the CXCR2+ stem cells, as validated by in vitro and in-matrix migration assays. Collectively, this study identified several chemotactic pathways that control the recruitment of leukocytes to the EB-associated skin lesions. These chemotactic axes could be explored for the refinement of the cutaneous homing of the therapeutic stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitali Alexeev
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Julio Cesar Salas-Alanis
- Department of Basic Sciences, Health Sciences Division, University of Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Francis Palisson
- Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lila Mukhtarzada
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Giulio Fortuna
- Department of Diagnostic Science, Louisiana State University School of Dentistry, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Jouni Uitto
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew South
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Olga Igoucheva
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Amarogentin Displays Immunomodulatory Effects in Human Mast Cells and Keratinocytes. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:630128. [PMID: 26600671 PMCID: PMC4639662 DOI: 10.1155/2015/630128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratinocytes express the bitter taste receptors TAS2R1 and TAS2R38. Amarogentin as an agonist for TAS2R1 and other TAS2Rs promotes keratinocyte differentiation. Similarly, mast cells are known to express bitter taste receptors. The aim of this study was to assess whether bitter compounds display immunomodulatory effects on these immunocompetent cells in the skin, so that they might be a target in chronic inflammatory diseases such as atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. Here, we investigated the impact of amarogentin on substance P-induced release of histamine and TNF-α from the human mast cell line LAD-2. Furthermore, the effect of amarogentin on HaCaT keratinocytes costimulated with TNF-α and histamine was investigated. Amarogentin inhibited in LAD-2 cells substance P-induced production of newly synthesized TNF-α, but the degranulation and release of stored histamine were not affected. In HaCaT keratinocytes histamine and TNF-α induced IL-8 and MMP-1 expression was reduced by amarogentin to a similar extent as with azelastine. In conclusion amarogentin displays immunomodulatory effects in the skin by interacting with mast cells and keratinocytes.
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Shanehsaz SM, Ishkhanian S. A comparative study between the efficacy of oral cimetidine and low-dose systemic meglumine antimoniate (MA) with a standard dose of systemic MA in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Int J Dermatol 2015; 54:834-8. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.12709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siavash M. Shanehsaz
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology; Aleppo University Hospital; Aleppo Syria
| | - Silva Ishkhanian
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology; Aleppo University Hospital; Aleppo Syria
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Schwendinger-Schreck J, Wilson SR, Bautista DM. Interactions between keratinocytes and somatosensory neurons in itch. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2015; 226:177-90. [PMID: 25861780 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-44605-8_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Keratinocytes are epithelial cells that make up the stratified epidermis of the skin. Recent studies suggest that keratinocytes promote chronic itch. Changes in skin morphology that accompany a variety of chronic itch disorders and the multitude of inflammatory mediators secreted by keratinocytes that target both sensory neurons and immune cells highlight the importance of investigating the connection between keratinocytes and chronic itch. This chapter addresses some of the most recent data and models for the role keratinocytes play in the development and maintenance of chronic itch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Schwendinger-Schreck
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California Berkeley, 355 LSA MC#3200, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3200, USA
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Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with specific genetic and immunological mechanisms. The rapid development of new techniques in molecular biology had ushered in new discoveries on the role of cytokines, chemokines, and immune cells in the pathogenesis of AD. New polymorphisms of AD are continually being reported in different populations. The physical and immunological barrier of normal intact skin is an important part of the innate immune system that protects the host against microbials and allergens that are associated with AD. Defects in the filaggrin gene FLG may play a role in facilitating exposure to allergens and microbial pathogens, which may induce Th2 polarization. Meanwhile, Th22 cells also play roles in skin barrier impairment through IL-22, and AD is often considered to be a Th2/Th22-dominant allergic disease. Mast cells and eosinophils are also involved in the inflammation via Th2 cytokines. Release of pruritogenic substances by mast cells induces scratching that further disrupts the skin barrier. Th1 and Th17 cells are mainly involved in chronic phase of AD. Keratinocytes also produce proinflammatory cytokines such as thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), which can further affect Th cells balance. The immunological characteristics of AD may differ for various endotypes and phenotypes. Due to the heterogeneity of the disease, and the redundancies of these mechanisms, our knowledge of the pathophysiology of the disease is still incomplete, which is reflected by the absence of a cure for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanglei Mu
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University People's Hospital, No11, Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China
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17
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Gutowska‐Owsiak D, Greenwald L, Watson C, Selvakumar T, Wang X, Ogg G. The histamine‐synthesizing enzyme histidine decarboxylase is upregulated by keratinocytes in atopic skin. Br J Dermatol 2014; 171:771-8. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Gutowska‐Owsiak
- MRC Human Immunology Unit NIHR Biomedical Research Centre University of Oxford John Radcliffe Hospital Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine Oxford OX3 9DS U.K
| | - L. Greenwald
- MRC Human Immunology Unit NIHR Biomedical Research Centre University of Oxford John Radcliffe Hospital Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine Oxford OX3 9DS U.K
| | - C. Watson
- MRC Human Immunology Unit NIHR Biomedical Research Centre University of Oxford John Radcliffe Hospital Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine Oxford OX3 9DS U.K
| | - T.A. Selvakumar
- MRC Human Immunology Unit NIHR Biomedical Research Centre University of Oxford John Radcliffe Hospital Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine Oxford OX3 9DS U.K
| | - X. Wang
- MRC Human Immunology Unit NIHR Biomedical Research Centre University of Oxford John Radcliffe Hospital Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine Oxford OX3 9DS U.K
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology School of Stomatology the Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - G.S. Ogg
- MRC Human Immunology Unit NIHR Biomedical Research Centre University of Oxford John Radcliffe Hospital Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine Oxford OX3 9DS U.K
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18
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Guo Y, Han S, Cao J, Zhang T, He L. Histamine H1 receptor cell membrane chromatography online high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry method reveals houttuyfonate as an activator of the histamine H1 receptor. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:3188-94. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Guo
- School of Medicine; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
| | - Shengli Han
- School of Medicine; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
| | - Jingjing Cao
- School of Medicine; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Medicine; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
| | - Langchong He
- School of Medicine; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
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19
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Kokhaei P, Barough MS, Hassan ZM. Cimetidine effects on the immunosuppression induced by burn injury. Int Immunopharmacol 2014; 22:273-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2014.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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20
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Hannam S, Murray M, Romani L, Tuicakau M, J Whitfeld M. Kava dermopathy in Fiji: an acquired ichthyosis? Int J Dermatol 2014; 53:1490-4. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.12546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Hannam
- Skin and Cancer Foundation Victoria Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Michael Murray
- Discipline of Pharmacology School of Medical Sciences, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Lucia Romani
- Kirby Institute University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | | | - Margot J Whitfeld
- Faculty of Medicine University of NSW Sydney New South Wales Australia
- St. Vincent's Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia
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21
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Gutowska-Owsiak D, Selvakumar TA, Salimi M, Taylor S, Ogg GS. Histamine enhances keratinocyte-mediated resolution of inflammation by promoting wound healing and response to infection. Clin Exp Dermatol 2014; 39:187-95. [PMID: 24450605 DOI: 10.1111/ced.12256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of the epidermis in the immune response is well known. While multiple cytokines are implicated in keratinocyte-mediated infection clearance and wound healing, little is known about the involvement of keratinocytes in promoting resolution of inflammation. AIM To assess effects of histamine stimulation on keratinocyte function. METHODS We performed a combined microarray/Gene Ontology analysis of histamine-stimulated keratinocytes. Functional changes were tested by apoptosis assessment and scratch assays. Histamine receptor involvement was also assessed by blocking wound closure with specific antagonists. RESULTS Histamine treatment had extensive effects on keratinocytes, including effects on proinflammatory responses and cellular functions promoting wound healing. At the functional level, there was reduced apoptosis and enhancement of wound healing in vitro. At the receptor level, we identified involvement of all keratinocyte-expressed histamine receptors (HRHs), with HRH1 blockage resulting in the most prominent effect. CONCLUSIONS Histamine activates wound healing and infection clearance-related functions of keratinocytes. While enhancement of histamine-mediated wound healing is mediated predominantly via the HRH1 receptor, other keratinocyte-expressed receptors are also involved. These effects could promote resolution of skin inflammation caused by infection or superficial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Gutowska-Owsiak
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
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22
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Haslam IS, Roubos EW, Mangoni ML, Yoshizato K, Vaudry H, Kloepper JE, Pattwell DM, Maderson PFA, Paus R. From frog integument to human skin: dermatological perspectives from frog skin biology. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2013; 89:618-55. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iain S. Haslam
- The Dermatology Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Institute of Inflammation and Repair; University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PT U.K
| | - Eric W. Roubos
- Department of Anatomy; Radboud University Medical Centre; Geert Grooteplein Noord 2, 6525 EZ, Nijmegen P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Maria Luisa Mangoni
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti; La Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5-00185; Rome Italy
| | - Katsutoshi Yoshizato
- Academic Advisors Office, Synthetic Biology Research Center; Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine; Osaka Japan
- Phoenixbio Co. Ltd; 3-4-1, Kagamiyama; Higashihiroshima Hiroshima 739-0046 Japan
| | - Hubert Vaudry
- European Institute for Peptide Research; University of Rouen; Mont-Saint-Aignan Place Emile Blondel 76821 France
- INSERM U-982, CNRS; University of Rouen; Mont-Saint-Aignan Place Emile Blondel 76821 France
| | - Jennifer E. Kloepper
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Allergologie und Venerologie; Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Ratzeburger Allee 160; 23538 Lübeck Germany
| | - David M. Pattwell
- Leahurst Campus, Institute of Learning & Teaching; School of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool; Neston CH64 7TE U.K
| | | | - Ralf Paus
- The Dermatology Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Institute of Inflammation and Repair; University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PT U.K
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Allergologie und Venerologie; Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Ratzeburger Allee 160; 23538 Lübeck Germany
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23
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Glatzer F, Gschwandtner M, Ehling S, Rossbach K, Janik K, Klos A, Bäumer W, Kietzmann M, Werfel T, Gutzmer R. Histamine induces proliferation in keratinocytes from patients with atopic dermatitis through the histamine 4 receptor. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2013; 132:1358-67. [PMID: 23932072 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Revised: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidermal hyperproliferation resulting in acanthosis is an important clinical observation in patients with atopic dermatitis, and its underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. OBJECTIVE Because increased levels of histamine are present in lesional skin, we investigated the effect of histamine, especially with regard to histamine 4 receptor (H4R) activation, on the proliferation of human and murine keratinocytes. METHODS The expression of H4R on human and murine keratinocytes was detected by using real-time PCR. Keratinocyte proliferation was evaluated by using different in vitro cell proliferation assays, scratch assays, and measurement of the epidermal thickness of murine skin. RESULTS We detected H4R mRNA on foreskin keratinocytes and on outer root sheath keratinocytes; H4R mRNA was more abundant in keratinocytes from patients with atopic dermatitis compared with those from nonatopic donors. Stimulation of foreskin keratinocytes, atopic dermatitis outer root sheath keratinocytes, and H4R-transfected HaCaT cells with histamine and H4R agonist resulted in an increase in proliferation, which was blocked with the H4R-specific antagonist JNJ7777120. Abdominal epidermis of H4R-deficient mice was significantly thinner, and the in vitro proliferation of keratinocytes derived from H4R-deficient mice was lower compared with that seen in control mice. Interestingly, we only detected H4R expression on murine keratinocytes after stimulation with LPS and peptidoglycan. CONCLUSION H4R is highly expressed on keratinocytes from patients with atopic dermatitis, and its stimulation induces keratinocyte proliferation. This might represent a mechanism that contributes to the epidermal hyperplasia observed in patients with atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Glatzer
- Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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24
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Wulff BC, Wilgus TA. Mast cell activity in the healing wound: more than meets the eye? Exp Dermatol 2013; 22:507-10. [PMID: 23802591 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are an important part of the innate immune system and are abundant in barrier organs such as the skin. They are known primarily for initiating allergic reactions, but many other biological functions have now been described for these cells. Studies have indicated that during wound repair, MCs enhance acute inflammation, stimulate reepithelialization and angiogenesis, and promote scarring. MCs have also been linked to abnormal healing, with high numbers of MCs observed in chronic wounds, hypertrophic scars and keloids. Although MCs have gained attention in the wound healing field, several unique features of MCs have yet to be examined in the context of cutaneous repair. These include the ability of MCs to: (i) produce anti-inflammatory mediators; (ii) release mediators without degranulating; and (iii) change their phenotype. Recent findings highlight the complexity of MCs and suggest that more information is needed to understand their complete range of activities during repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian C Wulff
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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25
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Inami Y, Andoh T, Sasaki A, Kuraishi Y. Topical Surfactant-Induced Pruritus: Involvement of Histamine Released from Epidermal Keratinocytes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2012; 344:459-66. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.112.200063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
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26
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Substance P signaling controls mast cell activation, degranulation, and nociceptive sensitization in a rat fracture model of complex regional pain syndrome. Anesthesiology 2012; 116:882-95. [PMID: 22343473 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0b013e31824bb303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with complex regional pain syndrome have increased tryptase in the skin of the affected extremity indicating mast cell (MC) accumulation and degranulation, processes known to be mediated by substance P (SP). The dysregulation of SP release from primary afferent neurons is characteristic of complex regional pain syndrome. The authors hypothesized that SP acting through the neurokinin-1 receptor results in mast cell accumulation, degranulation, and nociceptive sensitization in a rat model of complex regional pain syndrome. METHODS Groups of 6-10 rats underwent tibia fracture and hind limb casting for 4 weeks, and the hind paw skin was harvested for histologic and immunohistochemical analysis. The effects of a selective neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist (LY303870) and of direct SP intraplantar injection were measured. Dermal MC degranulation induced by sciatic nerve stimulation and the effects of LY303870 on this process were investigated. Finally, the antinociceptive effects of acute and chronic treatment with a MC degranulator (48/80) were tested. RESULTS The authors observed that fracture caused MC accumulation, activation, and degranulation, which were inhibited by LY303870; the percentage of MCs in close proximity to peptidergic nerve fibers increased after fracture; electrical stimulation caused MC activation and degranulation, which was blocked by LY303870; intraplantar SP-induced MC degranulation and acute administration of 48/80 caused MC degranulation and enhanced postfracture nociception, but MC-depleted animals showed less sensitization. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that facilitated peptidergic neuron-MC signaling after fracture can cause MC accumulation, activation, and degranulation in the injured limb, resulting in nociceptive sensitization.
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27
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Liu FT, Goodarzi H, Chen HY. IgE, mast cells, and eosinophils in atopic dermatitis. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2012; 41:298-310. [PMID: 21249468 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-011-8252-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 315] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with specific immune and inflammatory mechanisms. Atopy is among the major features of the diagnosis criteria for AD but is not an essential feature. Thus, patients diagnosed with AD can be atopic or non-atopic. This review focuses on the role of IgE, mast cells, and eosinophils in the pathogenesis of AD. The known functions of IgE in allergic inflammation suggest that IgE and IgE-mediated mast cell and eosinophil activation contribute to AD, but direct evidence supporting this is scarce. The level of IgE (thus the degree of allergic sensitization) is associated with severity of AD and contributed by abnormality of skin barrier, a key feature of AD. The function of IgE in development of AD is supported by the beneficial effect of anti-IgE therapy in a number of clinical studies. The role of mast cells in AD is suggested by the increase in the mast cell number and mast cell activation in AD lesions and the association between mast cell activation and AD. It is further suggested by their role in mouse models of AD as well as by the effect of therapeutic agents for AD that can affect mast cells. The role of eosinophils in AD is suggested by the presence of eosinophilia in AD patients and eosinophil infiltrates in AD lesions. It is further supported by information that links AD to cytokines and chemokines associated with production, recruitment, and activation of eosinophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Tong Liu
- Department of Dermatology, University of California-Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95816, USA.
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28
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Shimoda LMN, Park C, Stokes AJ, Gomes HH, Turner H. Pacific island 'Awa (Kava) extracts, but not isolated kavalactones, promote proinflammatory responses in model mast cells. Phytother Res 2012; 26:1934-41. [PMID: 22473598 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2011] [Revised: 01/28/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Kava ('Awa) is a traditional water-based beverage in Pacific island communities, prepared from the ground root and stems of Piper methysticum. Kava use is associated with an ichthyotic dermatitis and delayed type hypersensitivity reactions. In the current study we collated preparative methodologies from cultural practitioners and recreational kava users in various Pacific communities. We standardized culturally informed aqueous extraction methods and prepared extracts that were subjected to basic physicochemical analysis. Mast cells exposed to these extracts displayed robust intracellular free calcium responses, and concomitant release of proinflammatory mediators. In contrast, mast cells were refractory to single or combinatorial stimulation with kavalactones, including methysticin, dihydromethysticin and kavain. Moreover, we reproduced a traditional modification of the kava preparation methodology, pre-mixing with the mucilage of Hibiscus tiliaceus, and observed its potentiating effect on the activity of aqueous extracts in mast cells. Taken together, these data indicate that water extractable active ingredients may play a role in the physiological and pathophysiological effects of kava, and suggests that mast cell activation may be a mechanistic component of kava-related skin inflammations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori M N Shimoda
- Laboratory of Immunology and Signal Transduction, Department of Biology, Chaminade University, Honolulu, Hawaii 96816, USA
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29
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Desai P, Thurmond RL. Histamine H4 receptor activation enhances LPS-induced IL-6 production in mast cells via ERK and PI3K activation. Eur J Immunol 2011; 41:1764-73. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201040932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2010] [Revised: 02/18/2011] [Accepted: 03/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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30
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Fujimoto S, Komine M, Karakawa M, Uratsuji H, Kagami S, Tada Y, Saeki H, Ohtsuki M, Tamaki K. Histamine differentially regulates the production of Th1 and Th2 chemokines by keratinocytes through histamine H1 receptor. Cytokine 2011; 54:191-9. [PMID: 21324712 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2010.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2010] [Revised: 11/25/2010] [Accepted: 12/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Histamine is a biological amine that plays an important role in allergic responses. However, the involvement of histamine signaling in late allergic responses in the skin is poorly understood. Therefore, we attempted to investigate the involvement of histamine signaling in late allergic responses, especially in keratinocytes (KCs). HaCaT KCs and normal human KCs (NHKs) predominantly expressed histamine H1 receptor (H1R) and H2 receptor (H2R). Histamine suppressed tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α)- and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-induced production of CC chemokine ligand 17(CCL17), a type 2 T-helper (Th2) chemokine, by HaCaT KCs. It suppressed the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase, but not that of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), and TNF-α- and IFN-γ-induced nuclear factor κB (NFκB) activity. In contrast, histamine enhanced the production of CXC chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10), a Th1 chemokine, by TNF-α- and IFN-γ-stimulated HaCaT KCs and NHKs. TNF-α- and IFN-γ-induced CXCL10 production was upregulated by suppression of p38 MAP kinase or NF-κB activity, which could explain histamine involvement. We concluded that histamine suppresses CCL17 production by KCs by suppressing p38 MAP kinase and NF-κB activity through H1R and may act as a negative-feedback signal for existing Th2-dominant inflammation by suppressing CCL17 and enhancing CXCL10 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiki Fujimoto
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Leonti M, Casu L, Raduner S, Cottiglia F, Floris C, Altmann KH, Gertsch J. Falcarinol is a covalent cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist and induces pro-allergic effects in skin. Biochem Pharmacol 2010; 79:1815-26. [PMID: 20206138 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2010.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2009] [Revised: 02/23/2010] [Accepted: 02/24/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The skin irritant polyyne falcarinol (panaxynol, carotatoxin) is found in carrots, parsley, celery, and in the medicinal plant Panax ginseng. In our ongoing search for new cannabinoid (CB) receptor ligands we have isolated falcarinol from the endemic Sardinian plant Seseli praecox. We show that falcarinol exhibits binding affinity to both human CB receptors but selectively alkylates the anandamide binding site in the CB(1) receptor (K(i)=594nM), acting as covalent inverse agonist in CB(1) receptor-transfected CHO cells. Given the inherent instability of purified falcarinol we repeatedly isolated this compound for biological characterization and one new polyyne was characterized. In human HaCaT keratinocytes falcarinol increased the expression of the pro-allergic chemokines IL-8 and CCL2/MCP-1 in a CB(1) receptor-dependent manner. Moreover, falcarinol inhibited the effects of anandamide on TNF-alpha stimulated keratinocytes. In vivo, falcarinol strongly aggravated histamine-induced oedema reactions in skin prick tests. Both effects were also obtained with the CB(1) receptor inverse agonist rimonabant, thus indicating the potential role of the CB(1) receptor in skin immunopharmacology. Our data suggest anti-allergic effects of anandamide and that falcarinol-associated dermatitis is due to antagonism of the CB(1) receptor in keratinocytes, leading to increased chemokine expression and aggravation of histamine action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Leonti
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, Università di Cagliari, Facoltà di Farmacia, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
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Murota H, Katayama I. Emedastine difumarate: a review of its potential ameliorating effect for tissue remodeling in allergic diseases. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2009; 10:1859-67. [PMID: 19558341 DOI: 10.1517/14656560903078410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emedastine difumarate, a selective histamine-H1 receptor antagonist and effective antiallergic agent, inhibits various clinical symptoms of allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, urticaria, allergic dermatitis, pruritus cutaneous, and prurigo. In addition to greater efficacy than other antihistamines, emedastine difumarate produces no adverse cardiovascular effects and exhibits minimal anticholinergic activity. Moreover, a recent study revealed that the effect of emedastine difumarate on inhibition of histamine-induced collagen synthesis in vitro was greater in dermal fibroblasts than in nasal mucosa fibroblasts. This result indicates that there are tissue-specific effects of emedastine difumarate and that it may be more effective for treating fibrosis in skin than in nasal mucosa. However, the mechanism and role of tissue remodeling is less well established for allergic skin diseases and allergic conjunctivitis, in comparison to respiratory allergic diseases. OBJECTIVE This review outlines the involvement of histamine in the pathogenesis of tissue remodeling in a variety of organs, and presents the evidence for the effect of antihistamines on this process. Furthermore, this review also discusses antihistamines as an intervention strategy in tissue remodeling. METHODS The scientific literature, published abstracts, and selected textbooks were reviewed. RESULTS/CONCLUSION Although additional evidence is required, emerging evidence suggests that emedastine difumarate may be of value in the prevention of excess tissue remodeling in allergic skin inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Murota
- Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Course of Integrated Medicine, Dermatology Department, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita-city, Osaka 5650871, Japan.
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Ishikawa T, Kanda N, Hau CS, Tada Y, Watanabe S. Histamine induces human beta-defensin-3 production in human keratinocytes. J Dermatol Sci 2009; 56:121-7. [PMID: 19734018 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2009.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2009] [Revised: 07/16/2009] [Accepted: 07/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The antimicrobial peptide human beta-defensin-3 (hBD-3) is produced by epidermal keratinocytes, and promotes cutaneous antimicrobial defense, inflammation, and wound repair. hBD-3 induces histamine release from mast cells. We previously showed that histamine enhanced transcriptional activity of activator protein-1 (AP-1) in human keratinocytes by inducing the expression of AP-1 component c-Fos via the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) through H1 receptors. OBJECTIVE To examine in vitro effects of histamine on hBD-3 production in normal human keratinocytes. METHODS The hBD-3 production was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The transcriptional activities were analyzed by dual luciferase assays. The phosphorylation of proteins was examined by Western blotting. RESULTS Histamine enhanced hBD-3 secretion and mRNA expression in keratinocytes. The histamine-induced hBD-3 production was suppressed by H1 antagonist pyrilamine and antisense oligonucleotides against signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and AP-1 components c-Jun and c-Fos. Histamine enhanced STAT3 transcriptional activity and induced tyrosine and serine phosphorylation of STAT3. The former was suppressed by Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) inhibitor AG490, while the latter was suppressed by mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor PD98059; both were suppressed by pyrilamine. AG490 and PD98059 suppressed histamine-induced hBD-3 production and STAT3 activity. Histamine induced tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK2, and pyrilamine suppressed the phosphorylation. CONCLUSION It is suggested that histamine induces hBD-3 production in human keratinocytes through H1 receptors by activating STAT3 and AP-1 via JAK2 and MEK/ERK. Histamine may promote cutaneous antimicrobial defense, inflammation, and wound repair through hBD-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeko Ishikawa
- Department of Dermatology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1, Kaga, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan.
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Abstract
Mast cells are still generally viewed as mediators of type I allergic or pseudoallergic reactions. Research over the past 10 years revealed that our view was too small and that mast cells are of key importance in innate immunity and also types II, III and IV adaptive immune reactions. Understanding their role in modulating and amplifying of inflammatory responses provides important insights into the pathogenesis of skin diseases such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, bullous pemphigoid or the control of infections. This helps us to understand the course of these diseases, their trigger mechanisms, and, the new role of agents, which can modulate the function of mast cells. These insights will help to develop new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Kneilling
- Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
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Novel functional aspect of antihistamines: the impact of bepotastine besilate on substance p-induced events. J Allergy (Cairo) 2009; 2009:853687. [PMID: 20975801 PMCID: PMC2958303 DOI: 10.1155/2009/853687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2008] [Revised: 03/18/2009] [Accepted: 04/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides histamine, substance P (SP) has been demonstrated to play a crucial role in pruritic skin diseases. Although antihistamines are frequently used for pruritic skin diseases, little is known concerning the effect on an SP-induced event such as mast cell degranulation and the upregulation of adhesion molecules or the nitric oxide (NO) synthesis in endothelial cells. Our aim was to study the effect of bepotastine besilate on SP-induced degranulation of rat basophillic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells and expression of adhesion molecules and NO synthesis in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs). Bepotastine besilate significantly inhibited SP-induced degranulation of RBL-2H3 cells and NO synthesis in HMVECs. Bepotastine besilate significantly inhibited expression of adhesion molecules in HMVESs, while it failed to suppress SP-induced upregulation of the adhesion molecules in HMVECs. Therefore, bepotastine besilate is assumed to act favorably on SP-induced basophil degranulation and NO synthesis in HMVECs.
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Histamine Upregulates Keratinocyte MMP-9 Production via the Histamine H1 Receptor. J Invest Dermatol 2008; 128:2783-91. [DOI: 10.1038/jid.2008.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Kanda N, Watanabe S. Histamine enhances the production of human beta-defensin-2 in human keratinocytes. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2007; 293:C1916-23. [PMID: 17928537 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00293.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The anti-microbial peptide human beta-defensin-2 (hBD-2), produced by epidermal keratinocytes, plays pivotal roles in anti-microbial defense, inflammatory dermatoses, and wound repair. hBD-2 induces histamine release from mast cells. We examined the in vitro effects of histamine on hBD-2 production in normal human keratinocytes. Histamine enhanced TNF-alpha- or IFN-gamma-induced hBD-2 secretion and mRNA expression. Histamine alone enhanced transcriptional activities of NF-kappaB and activator protein-1 (AP-1) and potentiated TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappaB and AP-1 activities or IFN-gamma-induced NF-kappaB and STAT1 activities. Antisense oligonucleotides against NF-kappaB components p50 and p65, AP-1 components c-Jun and c-Fos, or H1 antagonist pyrilamine suppressed hBD-2 production induced by histamine plus TNF-alpha or IFN-gamma. Antisense oligonucleotide against STAT1 only suppressed hBD-2 production induced by histamine plus IFN-gamma. Histamine induced serine phosphorylation of inhibitory NF-kappaBalpha (IkappaBalpha) alone or together with TNF-alpha or IFN-gamma. Histamine induced c-Fos mRNA expression alone or together with TNF-alpha, whereas it did not further increase c-Jun mRNA levels enhanced by TNF-alpha. Histamine induced serine phosphorylation of STAT1 alone or together with IFN-gamma, whereas it did not further enhance IFN-gamma-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT1. The histamine-induced serine phosphorylation of STAT1 was suppressed by MAPKK (MEK) inhibitor PD98059. These results suggest that histamine stimulates H1 receptor and potentiates TNF-alpha- or IFN-gamma-induced hBD-2 production dependent on NF-kappaB, AP-1, or STAT1 in human keratinocytes. Histamine may potentiate anti-microbial defense, skin inflammation, and wound repair via the induction of hBD-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Kanda
- Department of Dermatology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Navi D, Saegusa J, Liu FT. Mast Cells and Immunological Skin Diseases. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2007; 33:144-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s12016-007-0029-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Ahmed O, Ahmed R, Nada M, . MB. Does the Heat Stress Affect the Neurons Development in Some Central Nervous System Regions of Albino Rat Newborns? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.3923/ajava.2007.86.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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40
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Liu JY, Hu JH, Zhu QG, Li FQ, Wang J, Sun HJ. Effect of matrine on the expression of substance P receptor and inflammatory cytokines production in human skin keratinocytes and fibroblasts. Int Immunopharmacol 2007; 7:816-23. [PMID: 17466915 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2007.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2006] [Revised: 02/04/2007] [Accepted: 02/05/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Matrine is a kind of alkaloid found in certain Sophora plants, which has been extensively used in China for the treatment of viral hepatitis, cancer, cardiac diseases and skin diseases (such as atopic dermatitis and eczema). It also has been confirmed that substance P (SP) and its receptor (neurokinin-1 receptor, NK-1R) are involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory skin disorders. So the present study was designed to investigate the effect of matrine on the expression of NK-1R and cytokines production induced by SP in HaCaT cells (a human epidermal keratinocyte cell line) and dermal fibroblasts. In addition, cell viability was also evaluated. The results showed that matrine inhibited the expression of NK-1R in HaCaT cells and fibroblasts. SP induced the production of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-8, interferon (IFN)-gamma, and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 in both cell types. Matrine 5-100 microg/mL had little effect on cell viability. It inhibited SP-induced IL-1beta, IL-8 and MCP-1 production in HaCaT cells and fibroblasts, while it increased the production of IFN-gamma in HaCaT cells. Both SP and matrine had no effect on the secretion of IL-6. These findings suggest that matrine may have potential treatment function on SP related cutaneous inflammation by inhibition of the expression of substance P receptor and regulation of the production of inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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41
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Differentiation of monocytes into macrophages induces the upregulation of histamine H1 receptor. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007; 119:472-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2006] [Revised: 07/26/2006] [Accepted: 09/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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42
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Paus R, Liu FT. Viewpoint 4. Exp Dermatol 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2006.00506_5.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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43
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Paus R, Schröder JM, Reich K, Kabashima K, Liu FT, Romani N, Metz M, Kerstan A, Lee PHA, Loser K, Schön MP, Maurer M, Stoitzner P, Beissert S, Tokura Y, Gallo RL, Reich K. Who is really in control of skin immunity underphysiologicalcircumstances - lymphocytes, dendritic cells or keratinocytes? Exp Dermatol 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2006.00506.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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44
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Brooke RCC, Sinha A, Sidhu MK, Watson REB, Church MK, Friedmann PS, Clough GF, Rhodes LE. Histamine Is Released following Aminolevulinic Acid-Photodynamic Therapy of Human Skin and Mediates an Aminolevulinic Acid Dose-Related Immediate Inflammatory Response. J Invest Dermatol 2006; 126:2296-301. [PMID: 16794585 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jid.5700449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Acute skin inflammation occurs following topical aminolevulinic acid-photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT), but its nature and mediation are ill defined. As we observed an urticarial response, a potential role for histamine was explored. In 13 healthy volunteers, we assessed the time course and dose-response of the acute cutaneous response(s) to ALA-PDT, the impact of H(1) antihistamine blockade, and measured dermal histamine release. An ALA dose series was iontophoresed into ventral forearm skin and exposed to red light. All participants exhibited an immediate urticarial response, both wheal and flare correlating with log ALA dose. Subsequently, a dose-related erythema developed at treatment sites by 3 hours and persisted at 24 hours. H(1) blockade with oral cetirizine doubled the median minimal urticating dose of ALA and reduced the slope of dose-response for wheal and flare, whereas at the highest ALA dose, mean wheal and flare areas reduced by 68 and 60%, respectively. In contrast, cetirizine did not influence the 24 hour minimal phototoxic dose or erythema dose-response. Histamine release after ALA-PDT mirrored the urticarial response, levels peaking within 30 minutes and returning to baseline by 24 hours. Thus, two discrete acute inflammatory responses to topical ALA-PDT occur in human skin; histamine mediates the immediate response, but does not appear involved in the delayed phototoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca C C Brooke
- Photobiology Unit, Dermatological Sciences, University of Manchester, Salford Royal Hospital, Manchester, UK
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45
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Hamada R, Seike M, Kamijima R, Ikeda M, Kodama H, Ohtsu H. Neuronal conditions of spinal cord in dermatitis are improved by olopatadine. Eur J Pharmacol 2006; 547:45-51. [PMID: 16934247 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.06.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2005] [Revised: 05/29/2006] [Accepted: 06/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Intense pruritus and cutaneous reactivity represent cardinal features of eczema. The resulting scratching behaviors alter neuronal conditions of the spinal dorsal horn where the primary sensory afferent fibers transmit cutaneous stimulation and deteriorate eczematous skin lesions. We investigated the effects of olopatadine hydrochloride (olopatadine) on alteration of neuronal conditions of the spinal dorsal horn and eczematous skin lesions induced by contact dermatitis. Eczematous lesions were induced by repeated application of diphenylcyclopropenone (DCP) in BALB/c mice. Olopatadine suppressed scratching behavior caused by repeated application of DCP in mice. Increased expressions of c-Fos and substance P in the spinal dorsal horn following DCP application were improved by olopatadine. Furthermore, olopatadine diminished the number of infiltrating cells and levels of cytokines in eczematous skin lesions resulting from DCP application. Olopatadine improves neurological conditions in the spinal cord and eczematous skin lesions in a murine contact dermatitis model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Hamada
- Department of Dermatology, Kochi Medical School, Okohcho, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
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Inoue K, Hosoi J, Denda M. Extracellular ATP has stimulatory effects on the expression and release of IL-6 via purinergic receptors in normal human epidermal keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 2006; 127:362-71. [PMID: 16946718 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jid.5700526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular ATP regulates proliferation and differentiation, functioning as an important messenger via purinergic (P2) receptors in keratinocytes. In this study, we investigated the effects of ATP on cytokine production in cultured normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs). Adenosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (ATPgammaS), adenosine 5'-O-2-(thio)diphosphate (ADPbetaS), ADP, ATP, and 2', 3'-O-(4-benzoyl-benzoyl) ATP (BzATP) significantly increased the release of IL-6. The P2 antagonists, suramin-, reactive blue 2-, and periodate-oxidized ATP, inhibited ATP-induced IL-6 release, whereas pyridoxal-phosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulfonic acid, adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-phosphate, 1-[N,O-bis(1,5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-N-methyl-L-tyrosyl]-4-phenylpiperazine, and pertussis toxin did not. SQ22563, an adenylate cyclase inhibitor, inhibited ATP-induced IL-6 release. ATPgammaS, ADPbetaS, ATP, and BzATP significantly increased the intracellular cAMP content. Reverse transcription-PCR showed expression of P2Y1, P2Y2, P2Y4, P2Y11, P2Y12, P2Y13, P2X1, P2X4, P2X5, P2X6, and P2X7 receptor subtypes. Additionally, UVB radiation evoked the release of ATP from NHEKs. The release of IL-6 and the expression of IL-6 mRNA were increased after UVB radiation, and these increases were also inhibited by P2 receptor antagonists. These results suggest that cAMP-generating P2Y receptors are likely functional in ATP-induced IL-6 production in NHEKs. Furthermore, in UVB-radiated cells, we note the possibility that P2 receptor antagonists may reduce skin inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Inoue
- Shiseido Research Center, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan.
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47
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Nockher WA, Renz H. Neurotrophins in allergic diseases: From neuronal growth factors to intercellular signaling molecules. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006; 117:583-9. [PMID: 16522457 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2005.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2005] [Revised: 11/04/2005] [Accepted: 11/09/2005] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the complex pathophysiology of allergic diseases has been a main challenge of clinical and experimental research for many years. It is well known that the allergic inflammation triggers neuronal dysfunction and structural changes in the diseased tissues such as the airways or the skin. Recent evidence has emerged that the inflammatory response is also controlled by resident tissue cells such as neurons and structural cells. Therefore, signaling molecules that mediate inflammatory interactions among immune, neuronal, and structural cells are becoming a focus of allergy research. Neurotrophins, a family of homologous growth factors initially discovered in the nervous system, display such bidirectional signaling. The expression of neurotrophins, such as nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), is highly upregulated during allergic inflammation. Neurons, structural cells, and invading immune cells were now identified not only as sources but also as targets of neurotrophins within the inflamed tissue. In this review, we provide an actual overview of the role of neurotrophins in the pathobiology of allergic diseases. We discuss recent findings in human and animal studies such as the regulation of neurotrophin expression during allergic inflammation and the effect of neurotrophins on the development and magnitude of allergic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Andreas Nockher
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany.
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Raingeaud J, Pierre J. Interleukin-4 downregulates TNFalpha-induced IL-8 production in keratinocytes. FEBS Lett 2005; 579:3953-9. [PMID: 16004996 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2005.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2005] [Revised: 05/25/2005] [Accepted: 06/09/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-8 is a CXC chemokine induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNFalpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 in different cell types including keratinocytes. IL-4 regulation of TNFalpha-induced IL-8 expression is cell-type specific. In this study, we show that in the keratinocyte cell line HaCaT, IL-4 decreases TNFalpha-induced IL-8 mRNA expression. We then investigated the mechanism of IL-4 effect and showed that IL-4 downregulates TNFalpha-induced IL-8 promoter activity in luciferase reporter assays. Moreover, overexpression of either the endogenous JAK inhibitor SOCS-1 or a dominant negative form of the STAT6 transcription factor (STAT6DeltaC) interferes with the IL-4 inhibitory effect on IL-8 promoter. Finally we demonstrate, using a NF-kappaB-dependent promoter luciferase construct that IL-4 interferes, at least in part, with NF-kappaB transcriptional activity. Overall our results suggest that IL-4 regulates TNFalpha-induced IL-8 expression at a transcriptional level and this mechanism involves STAT6 and NF-kappaB transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Raingeaud
- INSERM U461, Faculté de Pharmacie, 5 Rue JB Clément, 92296 Chatenay-Malabry, France.
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49
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Seike M, Takata T, Ikeda M, Kodama H, Terui T, Ohtsu H. Histamine helps development of eczematous lesions in experimental contact dermatitis in mice. Arch Dermatol Res 2005; 297:68-74. [PMID: 15902480 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-005-0569-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2005] [Revised: 03/09/2005] [Accepted: 04/04/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Histamine is released from mast cells in the skin, causing urticaria and itching. However, little is known about the roles of histamine in development of eczematous lesions in contact dermatitis. Effects of histamine on development of eczematous lesions in contact dermatitis were assessed using histamine-deficient mice in which contact dermatitis was developed by repeated application of diphenylcyclopropenone. Development of eczematous lesions in contact dermatitis was suppressed in histamine-deficient mice compared to wild-type mice. H(1) agonist ((6-12-(4-imidazol)ethylamino)-N-(4-trifluoro- methylphenyl)hepatanecarboxamide) promoted development of eczematous lesions in histamine-deficient mice. H(1) receptor antagonist (loratadine) suppressed development of eczematous lesions in wild-type mice, whereas H(2) agonist (dimaprit) and receptor antagonist (cimetidine) were ineffective. These results suggest that histamine facilitates the development of eczematous lesions in a murine model of contact dermatitis via H(1) receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Seike
- Department of Dermatology, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan.
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50
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Tamura T, Matsubara M, Takada C, Hasegawa K, Suzuki K, Ohmori K, Karasawa A. Effects of olopatadine hydrochloride, an antihistamine drug, on skin inflammation induced by repeated topical application of oxazolone in mice. Br J Dermatol 2005; 151:1133-42. [PMID: 15606507 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.06172.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Olopatadine hydrochloride (olopatadine) is one of the second-generation antihistamines, which is prescribed for allergic disorders such as rhinitis, urticaria and eczema dermatitis. OBJECTIVES To investigate the possible anti-inflammatory effect of olopatadine on the chronic contact hypersensitivity response to repeated topical application of oxazolone in mice. METHODS The preventive and therapeutic effects of oral olopatadine were quantified by measurements of ear swelling, cytokine protein and mRNA expression in the ear lesion, and were compared with those of topical betamethasone 17-valerate (betamethasone). RESULTS The ear receiving repeated applications of oxazolone exhibited erythema, oedema and abrasion. Both preventive and therapeutic administration of olopatadine (10 mg kg(-1) day(-1)) significantly inhibited the ear swelling and the increased production of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-1beta, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and nerve growth factor. In the histopathological analysis, olopatadine ameliorated epidermal hyperplasia and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Consistent with these results, olopatadine significantly reduced the increased expression of interferon-gamma and IL-4 mRNA. Although betamethasone (0.012 mg ear(-1) day(-1)) showed similar activities to olopatadine against these responses, it caused atrophy of the ear skin. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that olopatadine is an antihistamine agent having inhibitory activities against chronic inflammatory dermatitis, possibly resulting from its diminishing effect on elevated cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tamura
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co. Ltd, 1188 Shimotogari, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8731, Japan.
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